CN110296031B - Bend-tube runner and multi-nozzle turbine - Google Patents
Bend-tube runner and multi-nozzle turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110296031B CN110296031B CN201910679907.8A CN201910679907A CN110296031B CN 110296031 B CN110296031 B CN 110296031B CN 201910679907 A CN201910679907 A CN 201910679907A CN 110296031 B CN110296031 B CN 110296031B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 260
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B11/00—Parts or details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the preceding groups, e.g. wear-protection couplings, between turbine and generator
- F03B11/02—Casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
- F03B3/00—Machines or engines of reaction type; Parts or details peculiar thereto
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种弯管式转轮，包括圆环状的转轮外壳、套设在转轮外壳内带有轴孔的圆形内鼓盘以及若干弯管；转轮外壳与内鼓盘同轴；弯管包括进水段和出水段；若干弯管与竖向同角度均匀固定设置在转轮外壳和内鼓盘之间，若干弯管进水段的进水口沿若干弯管所在的环线同向设置，弯管的进水段设置在出水段的上方，弯管的进水段和出水段均斜向设置。本发明还公开了一种带有上述弯管式转轮的多喷嘴水轮机。本发明的转轮及其水轮机结构简单，整机占地面积小，适应能力强，对10m以上水头均可适用。弯管式多喷嘴水轮机多数水流可进行次数不等的重复冲击做功，提高了工作效率，电能转化率高。
The present invention discloses a curved pipe runner, comprising a circular runner shell, a circular inner drum with an axial hole sleeved in the runner shell, and a plurality of curved pipes; the runner shell is coaxial with the inner drum; the curved pipe comprises an inlet section and an outlet section; the plurality of curved pipes are evenly and fixedly arranged between the runner shell and the inner drum at the same angle to the vertical direction, the water inlets of the water inlet sections of the plurality of curved pipes are arranged in the same direction along the loop where the plurality of curved pipes are located, the water inlet sections of the curved pipes are arranged above the outlet section, and the water inlet section and the outlet section of the curved pipes are both arranged obliquely. The present invention also discloses a multi-nozzle water turbine with the above curved pipe runner. The runner and the water turbine of the present invention have a simple structure, a small footprint, strong adaptability, and are applicable to water heads above 10 m. Most water flows of the curved pipe multi-nozzle water turbine can perform repeated impact work for different times, thereby improving work efficiency and achieving a high electric energy conversion rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a bent pipe type rotating wheel and a multi-nozzle water turbine thereof, and belongs to the technical field of hydroelectric power generation machinery.
Background
Along with the development of global industrialization, the living standard of people is continuously improved, the energy problem is gradually highlighted, the development of clean renewable energy is a necessary trend of human development demand, however, the construction of dykes and dams is huge, available water resources are limited, a high-efficiency water turbine is developed, and the water turbine is economical, can well utilize limited hydraulic resources, and is an optimal way for people to solve the electricity utilization problem.
Impulse turbines in the current market are classified into bucket type, inclined-jet type and double-jet type, and each of them has its own disadvantages, such as low efficiency and limited adaptability. The double-click type water turbine firstly impacts the upper blade and then acts on the lower blade of the rotating wheel to exchange secondary energy, and repeatedly double-click work is performed, but the efficiency is low in general, and the double-click type water turbine is used in a small power station with the application water head below 60 m. The length of the blade of the inclined jet turbine occupies two thirds of the radius of the rotating wheel, the impacted surface is excessively wide, the high-pressure jet is discharged from the lower surface after being shot on the blade, and the design efficiency is also lower. The efficiency of the tangential turbine is better than that of the double-click type and inclined-click type, but the vertical shaft type can only be provided with one rotating wheel, the nozzle can only use six nozzles at most for various reasons, and a small amount of energy is not applied to the water after the impact bucket is used for working.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a hydraulic turbine combining the advantages of a bucket type hydraulic turbine, a inclined-jet type hydraulic turbine and a double-jet type hydraulic turbine so as to solve the problems of low efficiency, limited adaptability, insufficient water flow energy collection and the like of the existing hydraulic turbine.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
The bent pipe type rotating wheel comprises an annular rotating wheel shell, a circular inner drum disc sleeved in the rotating wheel shell and provided with a shaft hole, and a plurality of bent pipes, wherein the rotating wheel shell is coaxial with the inner drum disc, each bent pipe comprises a water inlet section and a water outlet section, the plurality of bent pipes are uniformly and fixedly arranged between the rotating wheel shell and the inner drum disc at the same angle with the vertical direction, water inlets of the water inlet sections of the plurality of bent pipes are arranged in the same direction along a circular line where the plurality of bent pipes are arranged, the water inlet sections of the bent pipes are arranged above the water outlet sections, and the water inlet sections and the water outlet sections of the bent pipes are all arranged obliquely. Through setting up the return bend in the runner, will be with the nozzle that the runner cooperation was used with the water inlet of water inlet section just to, the high-pressure jet that spouts from the nozzle passes through the water inlet section and sprays the upper end of the play water section of return bend and make the runner rotatory to drive the hydraulic turbine and do work.
The blades in the existing water turbine are replaced by the bent pipes, high-pressure jet flows into the impact roller from the water inlet section, the jet flow is ensured not to be dispersed in the water inlet section straightness, and the impact force is concentrated and efficient. When in operation, the high-pressure jet of one nozzle can only be concentrated between one bent pipe or two bent pipes, and the same rotating wheel uses a plurality of nozzles without mutual influence.
Further, the water inlet section of the bent pipe forms an included angle of 60-70 degrees with the vertical direction. The water inlet section of the bent pipe and the nozzle in the range of the angle are convenient to be matched with each other.
Further, an included angle of 80-90 degrees is formed between the water inlet section and the water outlet section of the bent pipe. Through setting up of return bend water inlet segment and play water section and water inlet segment and vertical angle, can effectively improve the generated energy of hydraulic turbine, each part of being convenient for mutually supporting uses.
Further, the corner of the bent pipe is provided with a round corner; A plurality of rollers are arranged at the corner of the bent pipe, and the rollers are arranged on the inner wall of the corner bullnose and are opposite to the water inlet of the water inlet section. Four rollers are arranged at the corner of the elbow from top to bottom, and high-pressure jet flow sprayed by the nozzle directly hits the four rollers, so that the rotating wheel can work, after water impacts the rollers, the four rollers can freely rotate in an unoriented manner, the impacted surface is increased, and the service life of the elbow can be prolonged.
Further, the upper edge of the water inlet section of the bent pipe is higher than the inner drum plate. After the height of the water inlet is slightly increased, the nozzle is convenient to be matched with the water inlet of the water inlet section of the elbow.
The invention also relates to a bent pipe type multi-nozzle water turbine which comprises the rotating wheel, a rotating wheel shaft, a rotating shaft, a belt pulley, a belt, a plurality of nozzles and a generator, wherein the rotating wheel, the rotating wheel shaft, the rotating shaft, the belt pulley, the belt, the nozzles and the generator are fixedly arranged, the nozzles are movably sleeved on the rotating wheel shaft through an inner drum disc, the rotating shaft is vertically arranged in parallel with the rotating wheel shaft, the belt pulley is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, the belt pulley is connected with a rotating wheel shell through the belt, the rotating shaft is connected with an input shaft of the generator through the belt, the nozzles are arranged above the bent pipe and are opposite to a water inlet of a water inlet section of the bent pipe, high-pressure jet ejected from the nozzles is parallel to the water inlet section of the bent pipe, and the nozzles eject the high-pressure jet to the bent pipe to drive the rotating wheel to rotate on the rotating wheel shaft so as to drive the belt pulley and the rotating shaft to rotate, and thus drive the generator to generate electricity.
Further, an upward extending waterproof ring is arranged at the upper end of the rotating wheel shell, and the upper edge of the waterproof ring is higher than the water inlet of the water inlet section of the elbow pipe. Through the setting of waterproof ring, can prevent effectively that nozzle spun high pressure efflux from spattering the normal work that influences equipment.
Furthermore, a plurality of waterproof strips for preventing water from splashing are arranged on the inner wall of the waterproof ring. Through waterproof strip and waterproof ring cooperation, prevent that water from outwards splashing under the effect of centrifugal force.
The water guiding plates are arranged along the inner surface of the lower part of the circular rotating wheel shell, the saw teeth of the water guiding plates are obliquely downwards and extend out of the rotating wheel shell, arc-shaped tile-shaped sub-blades are obliquely arranged in the water guiding holes, the upper parts of the sub-blades extend out of the water guiding holes, the arc openings of the sub-blades are opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating wheel, the water guiding plates of the upper rotating wheel face the cotyledon plates of the lower rotating wheel, the bottoms of the upper rotating wheel shell are flush with the tops of the waterproof rings of the lower rotating wheel or lower than the tops of the waterproof rings of the lower rotating wheel, a plurality of water guiding holes are uniformly arranged on the inner drum disc-shaped edges of the other rotating wheels except the top rotating wheel, a plurality of nozzles opposite to the pulleys are obliquely arranged downwards and extend out of the rotating wheel shell, and the arc-shaped sub-blades are obliquely arranged in the water guiding holes, the upper parts of the sub-blades extend out of the water guiding holes, the arc openings of the sub-blades face the rotating direction of the rotating wheel, the water guiding plates of the upper rotating wheel face the cotyledon plates of the lower rotating wheel, the upper rotating wheel face the lower rotating blades of the rotating wheel, the lower rotating ring, the water guiding plates of the upper rotating wheel are opposite to the lower rotating blades of the upper rotating wheel, the upper rotating wheel is flush with the lower rotating ring, the upper rotating body of the lower rotating body is lower rotating body, and the lower rotating body is lower than the rotating body, and the generator is driven by the water.
The rotating wheels are movably connected with the rotating wheel shaft through bearings in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating wheel shaft, the pulleys are fixedly sleeved in sequence along the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and the upper end and the lower end of the rotating shaft can be respectively connected with the generator. The water diversion sheet is in a band saw shape, the saw tooth part of the water diversion sheet is arranged below the rotating wheel shell, and the saw tooth part of the water diversion sheet is slightly curled inwards. After the water flow is discharged from the lower end of the elbow pipe, a small amount of energy flows through the water diversion sheet, under the combined action of the gravity of the water and the centrifugal force generated when the rotating wheel rotates, the water is discharged downwards obliquely in the front of the rotating direction of the rotating wheel, impacts the sub-blades on the next rotating wheel again, the repeated work is performed for the second time, the water impacting the sub-blades flows to the water diversion sheet from the drainage hole of the inner drum disk and meets the water flowing out of the water outlet section of the elbow pipe after the other nozzles impact the rotating wheel to do work, and under the combined action of the gravity of the water and the centrifugal force generated when the rotating wheel rotates, the water flows through the water diversion sheet, and the water flows downwards obliquely in the front of the rotating direction of the rotating wheel and is ejected onto the sub-blades of the adjacent lower rotating wheel. The water diversion sheet of the upper rotating wheel is opposite to the cotyledon sheet of the lower rotating wheel, the bent pipe is connected with the outer side of the inner drum disc, the cotyledon sheet is arranged at the edge of the plane of the inner drum disc to form an inner ring and an outer ring, the structure enables the nozzle impact of the rotating wheel and the water diversion sheet water diversion impact to be separated and not to interfere with each other, the energy of water flow is effectively utilized, and the power generation efficiency is improved.
Furthermore, the saw teeth of the water diversion sheet are in a helical tooth shape, and through the design of the helical tooth-shaped saw teeth, water flow led out by the water diversion sheet can be opposite to the cotyledon sheet on the lower rotating wheel, so that the consumption of water diversion energy by the water diversion sheet is reduced, the water flow energy led out by the water diversion sheet is higher, and the generated energy is improved.
Further, the included angle between the sub-blades and the vertical direction is 40-60 degrees. Through the setting of this angle, can be better with the sawtooth of diversion piece mutually support and use, improved the generated energy.
Further, a water diversion ring is arranged on the lower surface of the inner drum disc, the water diversion ring is in a horn shape with a small upper part and a big lower part, the upper end of the water diversion ring is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the plurality of diversion holes on the inner drum disc, and the lower end of the water diversion ring is adjacent to the upper part of the water diversion sheet. The water impacting the sub-blades flows through the water diversion ring from the drainage hole of the inner drum disk, then flows to the water diversion sheet by the water diversion ring, and after the water impacting the runner by a plurality of nozzles to do work, the water flowing out from the water outlet section of the elbow pipe meets the water, and then impacts the cotyledon sheet of the next runner by the water diversion sheet.
Further, the pulleys are each connected with a runner on the same horizontal plane by a belt. The diameters of the pulleys are the same, the diameters of the pulleys are sequentially increased from top to bottom, and the pulleys are respectively connected with the pulleys on the same horizontal plane by using belts. The rotating speed of the rotating wheel can be gradually decreased downwards in sequence in the mode, and the design can enable the impact force of repeated acting of water flow led out by the water diversion sheet to be better exerted.
Further, the nozzles of each rotating wheel are symmetrically distributed on the left side and the right side, so that the stress of the rotating wheels is more uniform. 15-20 nozzles can be installed on the top rotating wheel of the reservoir with low water head and large flow rate, and the number of the nozzles used by the rotating wheels on each layer below is gradually decreased downwards by 10% of the number of the nozzles of the rotating wheels on the top layer. Under a certain working condition, the efficiency of the water turbine and the number of the nozzles are in a direct proportion relation, the number of the nozzles is increased, the working efficiency can be greatly improved, and the use data show that the power generation efficiency of the tower water turbine is 1.3-1.5 times of that of the existing water turbine.
Further, the bent pipe type multi-nozzle water turbine further comprises a water diversion groove and a drainage groove, wherein the water diversion groove is connected with the nozzle through a water diversion pipe, and the drainage groove is arranged below the bottom layer rotating wheel so as to discharge water flow passing through the water turbine.
Further, the number of the rotating wheels is four. The number of the second runner nozzles from top to bottom is 90% of the number of the first runner nozzles, the number of the third runner nozzles is 80% of the number of the first runner nozzles, the number of the fourth runner nozzles is 70% of the number of the first runner nozzles, and the number of the nozzles is gradually decreased downwards in sequence. The water sprayed by the nozzles of the first three rotating wheels has the repeated impact opportunities of three times, two times and one time, the water is discharged from the water discharge tank after the last tail rotating wheel finishes the working, and the whole working is finished.
Further, the turbine is also provided with a housing. The whole water turbine can be effectively protected from external interference through the arrangement of the shell.
The water turbine can achieve the aim of matching the rotating speed of the rotating wheel with the generator by adjusting the size of the belt pulley without a speed regulator. The purpose of matching the rotating speed of the rotating wheel with the generator can be achieved by switching the number of the nozzles. Simple structure, convenient adjustment and convenient use.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
When the elbow type multi-nozzle water turbine is in a working state, high-pressure jet flow sprayed by the nozzles directly strikes the upper section of the water outlet section of the elbow, after the first energy conversion, a small part of energy is also discharged from the lower end of the elbow, water flows through the water diversion sheet, under the combined action of the force generated by the self weight of the water and the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the rotating wheel, the water is sprayed obliquely downwards in front of the rotating direction of the rotating wheel, the next rotating wheel is impacted again, the second repeated work is performed, and the like, so that the water sprayed by the nozzles of different rotating wheels at the upper part have repeated impact opportunities with different times. The number of the nozzles on the rotating wheels gradually decreases by 10% of the number of the nozzles on the rotating wheels on the top layer step by step from top to bottom, and the working efficiency of each rotating wheel is quite different by combining the repeated impact opportunities of the unequal water.
The pipe bending type multi-nozzle water turbine is characterized in that a plurality of water pipes are independently connected with a plurality of nozzles, water pressure stability can be guaranteed, high-pressure jet flow sprayed from the nozzles directly hits a roller at the upper end of a water outlet section of the pipe bending, the rotating wheel rotates forwards by an angle, the high-pressure jet flow enters the roller which directly hits an adjacent pipe bending from a water inlet of a water inlet section of the adjacent pipe bending, the rotating wheel rotates forwards by an angle again, and the rotating wheel continuously rotates forwards by analogy to drive a generator to generate electricity. The high-pressure jet ejected from the same nozzle can only hit one bent pipe or the position between two bent pipes, and the design has concentrated high-pressure jet and strong impact force. The water turbine is unique and exquisite, and the water flow which is designed to impact the four rotating wheels mostly has the opportunity of repeated impact work of three times, two times and one time which are unequal.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following effects:
1. the rotating wheel and the water turbine thereof have simple structure, small occupied area of the whole machine and strong adaptability, and are applicable to water heads of more than 10 m.
2. The method realizes the assumption that the current vertical impulse turbine does not use a plurality of rotating wheels on the same shaft and uses 15-20 nozzles at the same time.
3. Other products only have double-click type to do the first impact work and then do the second impact work. The multiple water flows of the bent pipe type multi-nozzle water turbine can perform repeated impact work with different times.
4. Through the effective combination of repeated impact work of a nozzle, a water guide pipe, a plurality of nozzles and a plurality of rotating wheels, the efficiency of the water turbine is improved by times, and the beneficial effect of the bent pipe type multi-nozzle water turbine can be more embodied especially for reservoirs with low water head and large flow. The efficiency is obviously improved greatly under the condition of the same water consumption and the same water head with other water turbines.
Drawings
Brief description of the drawingsthe accompanying drawings and references in the drawings are provided:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a structure of a bent pipe;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an embodiment of a wheel;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a second water turbine of the embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a hydraulic turbine according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a second or third layer of the rotor according to the second embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the second and third layer of wheels according to the second embodiment;
in the figure, 1 is a rotating wheel, 2 is a rotating wheel shell, 3 is an inner drum, 4 is an elbow, 41 is a water inlet section, 42 is a water outlet section, 43 is a roller, 5 is a waterproof ring, 6 is a waterproof strip, 7 is a rotating shaft, 8 is a rotating shaft, 9 is a belt pulley, 10 is a belt, 11 is a water guide pipe, 12 is a nozzle, 13 is a generator, 14 is a water guide sheet, 15 is a drainage hole, 16 is a cotyledon sheet, 17 is a water guide groove, and 18 is a drainage groove.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to a non-limiting example given in the following with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the description is only illustrative and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and techniques are omitted so as not to unnecessarily obscure the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the bent pipe type rotating wheel 1 comprises an annular rotating wheel shell 2, a circular inner drum 3 sleeved in the rotating wheel shell 2 and provided with a shaft hole, and a plurality of bent pipes 4, wherein the rotating wheel shell 2 is coaxial with the inner drum 3, the bent pipes 4 comprise a water inlet section 41 and a water outlet section 42, as shown in figures 2 and 4, the plurality of bent pipes 4 are uniformly and fixedly arranged between the rotating wheel shell 2 and the inner drum 3 at the same angle with the vertical direction, water inlets of the water inlet sections 41 of the plurality of bent pipes 4 are arranged in the same direction along the circular line where the plurality of bent pipes 4 are positioned, the water inlet sections 41 of the bent pipes 4 are arranged above the water outlet section 42, and the water inlet sections 41 and the water outlet sections 42 of the bent pipes 4 are obliquely arranged. Through setting up return bend 4 in runner 1, with the nozzle 12 that the cooperation of runner 1 was used with the water inlet of advance water section 41 just to, the high-pressure jet that spouts from nozzle 12 is through advance water section 41 injection to the upper end of return bend 4's play water section 42 makes runner 1 rotatory to drive the hydraulic turbine and do work. The water inlet section 41 of the elbow 4 forms an included angle of 60-70 degrees with the vertical direction. An included angle of 80-90 degrees is formed between the water inlet section 41 and the water outlet section 42 of the elbow 4. The corner of the elbow pipe 4 is provided with a plurality of rollers 43, and the rollers 43 are arranged on the inner wall of the corner bullnose and are opposite to the water inlet of the water inlet section 41. The upper edge of the water inlet section 41 of the bent pipe 4 is higher than the inner drum 3. The upper end of the rotating wheel shell 2 is provided with a waterproof ring 5 which extends upwards, and the upper edge of the waterproof ring 5 is higher than the water inlet of the water inlet section 41 of the elbow 4. A plurality of waterproof strips 6 for preventing water from being sputtered are arranged on the inner wall of the waterproof ring 5. The waterproof strip 6 is matched with the waterproof ring 5, so that water is prevented from splashing outwards under the action of centrifugal force.
When the rotary wheel 1 is used, the rotary wheel 1 is arranged on the rotary wheel shaft 7 through the inner drum 3, water drained through the drainage tube forms high-pressure jet flow after passing through the nozzle 12, and the high-pressure jet flow is injected into the bent pipe 4 of the rotary wheel 1, so that the rotary wheel 1 rotates. The elbow 4 of the embodiment adopts the round corner elbow 4, and the corner of the elbow 4 is provided with the roller 43, thereby reducing the damage to the elbow 4 caused by high-pressure jet flow for a long time. The angles of the water inlet section 41 and the water outlet section 42 of the elbow 4 are shown in fig. 1, and can be adjusted according to practical situations, and the adjusted water outlet section 42 of the elbow 4 is convenient for water flow to be directly discharged from the water outlet section 42, so that the water flow is prevented from reflecting and losing water flow energy in the water outlet section 42. The water inlet section 41 can also adjust the height of the water inlet and the included angle between the water inlet section 41 and the vertical direction according to actual conditions, so that the direction of the high-pressure jet flow sprayed by the nozzle 12 is matched, the high-pressure jet flow is ensured to be directly sprayed to the upper end of the water outlet section 42, the energy loss is reduced, and the rotating wheel 1 can work to the greatest extent.
Example two
As shown in figures 3 and 4, the multi-nozzle 12 water turbine comprises four rotating wheels 1, rotating wheel shafts 7, rotating shafts 8, belt pulleys 9, belts 10, a plurality of nozzles 12 connected with a plurality of water guide pipes 11 and two generators 13, wherein the rotating wheels 1, the rotating wheel shafts 7, the rotating shafts 8, the rotating wheel shafts 7, the belt pulleys 9, the rotating wheel housings 2, the belt pulleys 9, the rotating wheels 1, the two ends of the rotating shafts 8, the input shafts of the generators 13, the nozzles 12, the water inlets of the water inlet sections 41 of the bent pipes 4, the high-pressure jet flow ejected by the nozzles 12, the water inlet sections 41 of the bent pipes 4, the high-pressure jet flow ejected by the nozzles, are arranged above the bent pipes 4.
As shown in fig. 3, four rotating wheels 1 arranged on a rotating wheel shaft 7 are gradually increased from top to bottom in an outer diameter layer by layer to form a tower, sawtooth-shaped drainage blades 14 are arranged at the bottoms of the three rotating wheels 1 at the upper part, a plurality of drainage holes 15 are uniformly formed at the circular edges of drum discs 3 in the three rotating wheels 1 at the lower part, as shown in fig. 5 and 7, the drainage blades 14 are arranged along the inner surface of the lower part of a circular rotating wheel shell 2, the sawteeth of the drainage blades are obliquely arranged downwards and extend out of the rotating wheel shell 2, as shown in fig. 5,6 and 7, circular arc-shaped tile-shaped sub-blades 16 are obliquely arranged in the drainage holes 15, the sub-blades 16 are obliquely arranged in the rotating direction of the rotating wheels 1, the upper parts of the sub-blades extend out of the drainage holes 15, the arc-shaped ports of the sub-blades 16 face away from the rotating direction of the rotating wheels 1, as shown in fig. 7, the drainage blades 14 of the upper rotating wheels 1 face the adjacent sub-blades 16 of the rotating wheels 1, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the bottoms of the rotating wheel shell 2 of the rotating wheels 1 at the upper layer are flush with the tops of the anti-water ring 5 of the rotating wheels 1, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, and the bottoms of the rotating wheels 1 at the lower layer 1 are respectively arranged on the inner surfaces of the rotating wheels 1, and the lower layers of the rotating wheels 12 are respectively, and the inner surfaces of the anti-jet nozzles 12 of the rotating wheels 1 are opposite to the rotating wheels and the four jet nozzles 12 and the jet-jet nozzles 13 are driven to rotate on the rotating wheels and the rotating wheels 1 through the rotating shafts and the four rotating wheels and the rotating wheels 9.
As shown in fig. 5 and 7, the saw teeth of the water diversion sheet 14 are in a skewed tooth shape. The sub-blades 16 are angled 40 ° -60 ° from vertical. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, four pulleys 9 are each connected to the rotor 1 at the same level with a belt 10. The nozzles 12 of each rotating wheel 1 are symmetrically distributed on the left and right sides. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the bent-tube multi-nozzle 12 water turbine further includes a water guide groove 17 and a water discharge groove 18, the water guide groove 17 is connected with the nozzle 12 through the water guide pipe 11, and the water discharge groove 18 is provided below the bottom runner 1 to discharge water flow passing through the water turbine.
The number of the nozzles 12 of the first runner 1 from top to bottom of the water turbine of the embodiment is 20, the number of the nozzles 12 of the second runner 1 is 18, the number of the nozzles 12 of the third runner 1 is 16, the number of the nozzles 12 of the fourth runner 1 is 14, and the number of the nozzles 12 is gradually decreased downwards in sequence. The water sprayed from the nozzles 12 of the first three rotating wheels 1 has three times, two times and one time of unequal repeated impact opportunities, and the water is discharged from the water discharge groove 18 after the last tail rotating wheel 1 finishes working, so that the whole working is finished.
As shown in fig. 3, the water turbine of this embodiment first communicates the nozzle 12 with the water groove 17 through the water conduit 11. All the nozzles 12 are opened, the nozzles 12 on each layer of rotating wheels 1 drive different rotating wheels 1 to rotate through high-pressure jet flow, water discharged by the top layer of rotating wheels 1 through the high-pressure jet flow is discharged through the water outlet section 42, and under the action of the self weight of the water and the centrifugal force of the rotating wheels 1, the water flow directly shoots onto the sub-blades 16 of the lower layer of rotating wheels 1 along the sawteeth of the water guiding piece 14, so that the sub-blades 16 form impact, the water flow of the top layer of rotating wheels 1 respectively passes through the three rotating wheels 1 below to complete three impacts, and the energy of the water flow can be fully utilized. As shown in fig. 7, which is a perspective view of the second layer and the third layer of the runner 1 in cooperation, the water guiding sheet 14 of the second layer is opposite to the cotyledon sheet 16 of the third layer of the runner 1, a gap is formed between the runner casing 2 of the second layer of the runner 1 and the waterproof ring 5 of the third layer of the runner 1, for placing the nozzle 12, and other adjacent runners 1 are all arranged in this way. As shown in fig. 7, the third layer runner 1 receives the impact of the high-pressure jet of the nozzle 12, and simultaneously, the water flowing out of the first layer runner 1 and the second layer runner 1 is guided by the water guiding sheet 14 of the second layer runner 1, so that the water flowing out of the first layer runner 1 and the second layer runner 1 flows through the water guiding sheet 14 and is directed onto the sub-blades 16 of the third layer runner 1, the dotted arrow in the figure is the direction of the water flow guided by the water guiding sheet 14, the top annular arrow is the rotating direction of the runner 1, and so on. The bent pipe 4 is connected with the outer side of the inner drum 3, the cotyledon blades 16 are arranged at the edge of the plane of the inner drum 3 to form an inner ring and an outer ring, and the structure separates the impact of the nozzle 12 of the rotating wheel 1 from the impact of the water diversion blade 14, so that the energy of water flow is effectively utilized, and the power generation efficiency is improved.
The water turbine can achieve the aim of matching the rotating speed of the rotating wheel 1 with the generator 13 by adjusting the size of the belt pulley 9 without a speed regulator. The number of the nozzles 12 can be switched to achieve the aim of matching the rotating speed of the rotating wheel 1 with the generator 13. The water turbine has the advantages of wide application range, simple structure, convenient adjustment and use, and greatly improves the generated energy.
The above examples should be understood as illustrative only and not limiting the scope of the invention. Various changes and modifications to the present invention may be made by one skilled in the art after reading the teachings herein, and such equivalent changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The bent pipe type multi-nozzle water turbine is characterized by comprising a bent pipe type rotating wheel, a rotating wheel shaft, a rotating shaft, a belt pulley, a belt, a plurality of nozzles connected with a plurality of water diversion pipes and a generator;
The rotating wheel comprises an annular rotating wheel shell, a circular inner drum disc sleeved in the rotating wheel shell and provided with a shaft hole, and a plurality of bent pipes, wherein the rotating wheel shell is coaxial with the inner drum disc, each bent pipe comprises a water inlet section and a water outlet section, the plurality of bent pipes are uniformly and fixedly arranged between the rotating wheel shell and the inner drum disc at the same angle with the vertical direction, water inlets of the water inlet sections of the plurality of bent pipes are arranged in the same direction along a circular line where the plurality of bent pipes are arranged, the water inlet sections of the bent pipes are arranged above the water outlet section, and the water inlet sections and the water outlet sections of the bent pipes are all arranged in an inclined direction;
the corner of the bent pipe is provided with a plurality of rollers, and the rollers are arranged on the inner wall of the corner bullnose and are opposite to the water inlet of the water inlet section;
the rotating wheel is movably sleeved on the rotating wheel shaft through an inner drum disc, the rotating shaft is vertically arranged in parallel with the rotating wheel shaft, the belt pulley is fixedly sleeved on the rotating shaft, the belt pulley is connected with the rotating wheel shell through a belt, the rotating shaft is connected with an input shaft of the generator through the belt, the nozzle is arranged above the bent pipe and is opposite to a water inlet of a water inlet section of the bent pipe, and the ejected high-pressure jet is parallel to the water inlet section of the bent pipe;
the upper end of the runner shell is provided with an upward extending waterproof ring, and the upper edge of the waterproof ring is higher than the water inlet of the water inlet section of the elbow;
the water inlet section of the elbow forms an included angle of 60-70 degrees with the vertical direction;
the number of the rotating wheels is several, and the rotating wheels are movably sleeved on the rotating wheel shaft; the belt pulleys and the rotating wheels are the same in number and are respectively matched with the rotating wheels; the water diversion blades are arranged on the inner drum disc-shaped edge of the other rotating wheels except the rotating wheels at the top layer, are uniformly provided with a plurality of water diversion holes, the water diversion blades are arranged along the inner surface of the lower part of the circular rotating wheel shell, the saw teeth of the water diversion blades are obliquely downwards and extend out of the rotating wheel shell, arc-shaped tile-shaped sub-blades are obliquely arranged in the water diversion holes, the upper parts of the sub-blades extend out of the water diversion holes, the arc openings of the sub-blades are opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating wheels, the water diversion blades of the upper rotating wheels are opposite to the sub-blades of the adjacent lower rotating wheels, the bottom of the upper rotating wheel shell is flush with the top of the waterproof ring of the lower rotating wheel or lower than the top of the waterproof ring of the lower rotating wheel, a plurality of nozzles opposite to the bent pipe in the rotating wheel are arranged on each rotating wheel, and the nozzles spray high-pressure jet to the bent pipe to drive the plurality of rotating wheels to rotate on the rotating wheel shaft, so that the plurality of pulleys and the rotating shafts are driven to rotate, and the generator is driven to generate electricity.
2. The elbow multi-nozzle hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, wherein an included angle of 80 ° -90 ° is formed between the water inlet section and the water outlet section of the elbow.
3. The elbow multi-nozzle hydraulic turbine of claim 1, wherein the upper edge of the water inlet of the elbow inlet section is higher than the inner drum.
4. The elbow multi-nozzle hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, wherein said sub-blades are angled from vertical by 40 ° -60 °.
5. The elbow multi-nozzle hydraulic turbine according to claim 1 or 4, wherein said wheels are four.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN2313066Y (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 1999-04-07 | 熊锡金 | Efficient water turbine |
| CN109296491A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江富春江水电设备有限公司 | The multilayer rotaring wheel structure of the hydraulic turbine |
| CN210289992U (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-04-10 | 陈荣江 | Bent pipe type runner and multi-nozzle water turbine thereof |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101275533A (en) * | 2008-04-28 | 2008-10-01 | 熊鹰 | Afflux adjustable multiple-jet diagonal flow water turbine |
| CN204003242U (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-12-10 | 袁润辉 | Drainage power generation device |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2313066Y (en) * | 1997-10-21 | 1999-04-07 | 熊锡金 | Efficient water turbine |
| CN109296491A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-02-01 | 浙江富春江水电设备有限公司 | The multilayer rotaring wheel structure of the hydraulic turbine |
| CN210289992U (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2020-04-10 | 陈荣江 | Bent pipe type runner and multi-nozzle water turbine thereof |
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