CN106168190B - A kind of reel sprinkling irrigation machine tilt-impulse type hydroturbine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of water turbines, and belongs to a reel type sprinkler slanting type water turbine, comprising an inlet pipe, a turbine casing, a turbine cover, a runner, a drive shaft and an outlet pipe; the runner blades are cylindrical, so the The inlet placement angle α of the blade is 45°, and the outlet placement angle β is 21°, which can reduce the impact loss of the inlet jet and the outlet flow velocity, reduce the outflow energy, and make the energy can be utilized to the maximum extent. The blades are significantly improved, compared with the existing water turbine blades, the number of blades is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is saved; the angle between the center line of the inlet pipe and the turbine cover surface is 22.5°, and the energy of impacting the blades can be maximized, improving the mechanical efficiency. ; The inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both conical structures, which can better promote the pressure flow, reduce the hydraulic loss, and convert the flow potential energy into jet kinetic energy in the future, so that the jet has sufficient speed to impact the blades to do work, and the cone shape of the outlet pipe The design can recover the residual energy of the water outlet.

Description

A reel type sprinkler slanting type water turbine

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of water turbines, and in particular relates to a reel type sprinkler slanting type water turbine.

Background technique

Since its introduction into my country in the 1970s, the reel type sprinkler irrigation machine has been widely used in my country because of its compact structure, convenient transportation, simple operation, good irrigation effect and high degree of intelligence. It is the main crop production area in northern my country. One of the sprinkler models. The drive devices of the reel sprinkler are mainly hydraulic drive type and motor drive type. Among them, the water-driven type is still a hot spot in the application and research and development of foreign reel-type sprinklers due to its advantages of energy recovery, high reliability and long service life. As the core component of the drive device of the reel sprinkler, the performance of the water turbine and its stable operation are directly related to the power torque of the whole machine and the irrigation effect. At present, the water turbines supporting the reel-type sprinklers in China are still used in the late 1990s, and have not been systematically researched and optimized. Due to the differences between foreign and domestic agricultural irrigation equipment, the existing water turbines cannot well meet the needs of my country's self-developed reel-type sprinklers.

The design of the water turbine needs to have a wide range of speed adjustment and working flow range on the basis of a certain degree of high efficiency value. Working conditions have strong adaptability. There are only two hydraulic models in the current structure of the water turbines that are widely used in China, both of which are impact-type designs. The high-pressure water delivered by the sprinkler pump passes through the nozzle installed before the inlet of the runner to form a high-speed jet impinging on the blades to drive the runner to rotate. The drive shaft fixed on the runner rotates with the runner and drives the reel to rotate through the transmission mechanism, thereby realizing the sprinkler trolley. recycling operations.

In 2012, Liu Nianmin et al. invented the utility model patent "Water Turbine of Reel-type Watering Machine", the patent number is CN202645824U, which discloses a water-turbine of the reel-type watering machine, mainly describing the turbine casing and inlet of the water turbine. For the outlet structure, by extending the length of the inlet and outlet, the efficiency of the water turbine can be improved by improving the efficiency of the nozzle. The structure of the runner is not introduced in detail. In 2014, Niu Guoping invented the utility model patent "a water turbine of a small flow reel type sprinkler irrigation machine", the patent number is CN103573539A, which discloses a reel type sprinkler irrigation machine water turbine suitable for small flow, the main description The turbine shell structure and runner structure are designed, and the nozzle efficiency and runner efficiency are improved by designing the inlet and outlet nozzle taper and blade curvature. However, this water turbine is only suitable for small flow conditions, and is suitable for small reel type sprinklers. It is not suitable for large and medium-sized reel-type sprinklers, and cannot provide the power torque required by large and medium-sized reel-type sprinklers. With the advancement of agricultural mechanization in China, the high-efficiency and low-energy-consumption reel-type sprinkler will become the focus of the future development of the sprinkler industry, and the water turbine as the core driving component has great room for improvement. Therefore, the optimal design of the water turbine structure can greatly improve the working efficiency and reliability of the reel-type sprinkler.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large and medium-sized reel-type sprinkler slanting water turbine, which can improve the working efficiency of the water turbine by optimizing the structure of the water turbine, simplify the structure and reduce the manufacturing cost.

The technical scheme of the present invention is: a reel type sprinkler slanting type water turbine, comprising an inlet pipe, a turbine casing, a turbine cover, a runner, a drive shaft and an outlet pipe;

The turbine casing and the turbine cover are both of circular structure, the runner is located in the turbine casing, and the outer end of the turbine casing is fastened with the turbine cover;

The runner includes several blades and a hub; the blades are evenly distributed on the top end face of the hub along the circumferential direction, the blades are cylindrical, the inlet placement angle α of the blades is 45°, and the outlet placement angle β is 21° ;

One end of the drive shaft is connected with the runner, and the other end is connected with the transmission mechanism through the turbine cover;

The inlet pipe is located on one side of the turbine casing, the outlet pipe is located on one side of the turbine cover, and the angle between the center line of the inlet pipe and the turbine cover surface is 22.5°; the inlet pipe and the water outlet pipe are both. Conical structure.

In the above scheme, the inlet pipe is a tapered section, which sequentially includes a straight section before the inlet, a tapered section at the inlet and a straight section after the inlet;

The diameter D1 _of the straight section before the entrance is 45mm, and the length L1 is 60mm; the taper _of the conical section of the entrance is 4-7° _; the diameter D2 of the straight section after the entrance is 21mm, and the length _L2 is 40mm .

Further, the taper of the inlet tapered section is 5°.

In the above solution, the distance d from the straight section after the inlet to the inlet of the runner is less than 5 times the diameter D ₂ .

In the above solution, the outlet pipe is a gradually widened section, which sequentially includes an outlet cone section and an outlet straight section; the taper of the outlet cone section is 4-7°.

Further, the taper of the outlet conical section is 5°.

In the above solution, the water inlet and the water outlet of the runner are installed at the same height.

In the above solution, the number of the blades is 22.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: compared with the prior art, the runner blade of the present invention is a cylindrical blade, the inlet angle of the blade is 45°, and the design of the outlet angle of 21° can reduce the impact loss of the inlet jet and the The outlet flow rate reduces the outflow energy, so that the energy can be utilized to the maximum extent. The number of blades is 22. Since the blades are cylindrical blades, the efficiency is significantly improved compared with the vertical blades. Compared with the existing water turbine blades, the number of blades is reduced, saving energy Manufacturing cost; the included angle between the center line of the inlet pipe and the turbine cover surface is 22.5°, so that the energy of the impingement blade can be maximized and the mechanical efficiency can be improved; the turbine casing inlet pipe is constructed as a conical structure, which can better promote the pressure flow , reduce the hydraulic loss, and convert the flow potential energy into the jet kinetic energy in the future, so that the jet has enough speed to impact the blade to do work, and the conical design of the outlet pipe can recover the remaining energy of the water outlet; The energy head required for the rated speed and torque is provided by reducing the rotation of the driving runner, and at the same time, the flow path is smooth and the displacement loss caused by the gap is reduced; the distance d from the straight section after the inlet to the inlet of the runner is less than 5 times _The diameter D2 reduces jet loss. The invention improves the working efficiency of the water turbine by optimizing the design of the water turbine structure, simplifies the structure and reduces the manufacturing cost.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1;

3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a runner according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the side view of Fig. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a blade structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Inlet pipe; 101. Straight section before inlet; 102. Conical section of inlet; 103. Straight section after inlet; 2. Turbine housing; 3. Turbine cover; 4. Runner; 5. Drive Shaft; 6, outlet pipe; 601, outlet tapered section; 602, outlet straight section; 7, blade; 8, hub.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 show an embodiment of the oblique-hitting water turbine of the reel-type sprinkler irrigation machine according to the present invention. The oblique-hitting water-turbine of the reel-type sprinkler irrigation machine includes an inlet pipe 1 and a turbine casing 2 , turbine cover 3, runner 4, drive shaft 5 and outlet pipe 6.

The turbine casing 2 and the turbine cover 3 are both circular in structure, the runner 4 is located in the turbine casing 2 , and the turbine cover 3 is fastened at the outer end of the turbine casing 2 . One end of the drive shaft 5 is connected to the runner 4 , and the other end is connected to the transmission mechanism through the turbine cover 3 . The turbine housing 2 , the runner 4 and the turbine cover 3 constitute a turbine chamber. The inlet pipe 1 is welded on one side of the turbine casing 2, the outlet pipe 6 is welded on one side of the turbine cover 3, the inlet pipe 1 is used for connecting with the water inlet pipe, and the outlet pipe 6 is used for connecting with the water outlet. Hose connection. The included angle between the center line of the inlet pipe 1 and the turbine cover surface 3 is 22.5°, so that the energy of the impact blade 7 can be maximized and the mechanical efficiency can be improved; the inlet pipe 1 and the water outlet pipe 6 are both conical structures, which can It can better promote the pressure flow and reduce the hydraulic loss. In the future, the flow potential energy will be converted into the jet kinetic energy, so that the jet has enough speed to impact the blade to do work. The conical design of the water outlet can recover the remaining energy of the water outlet.

The inlet pipe 1 is a tapered section, which sequentially includes a straight section 101 before the inlet, a tapered section 102 at the inlet and a straight section 103 after the inlet _; the diameter D1 _of the straight section 101 before the inlet is 45mm, and the length L1 is 60mm _; the diameter D2 of the straight section 103 after the inlet is 21mm, and the length L2 is 40mm _; the taper of the inlet tapered section 102 is 4-7°; preferably, the taper of the inlet tapered section 102 is 5° , which can better promote pressure flow and reduce hydraulic loss.

Preferably, the distance d from the straight section 103 after the inlet to the inlet of the runner 4 is less than 5 times the diameter D ₂ , so as to reduce the jet loss and maximize the force of the jet impinging on the blades.

The outlet pipe 6 is a gradually widened section, including an outlet conical section 601 and an outlet straight section 602 in turn; the taper of the outlet conical section 601 is 4-7°; The taper is 5°, which can recover the residual energy of the water outlet.

The water inlet and outlet of the runner 4 are installed at the same height to reduce the energy head required to drive the runner 4 to rotate to provide the rated speed and torque, improve efficiency, and at the same time smooth the flow path and reduce the displacement loss caused by the gap.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the runner 4 includes several blades 7 and a hub 8; the blades 7 are uniformly welded on the top end face of the hub 8 in the circumferential direction, the blades 7 are cylindrical, and the efficiency is higher than that of an upright The blades are significantly improved, the number of blades of the existing water turbines is reduced, and the manufacturing cost is saved. As shown in FIG. 5 , the inlet placement angle α of the blade 7 is 45°, and the outlet placement angle β is 21°, which can reduce the impact loss of the inlet jet and the outlet flow velocity, reduce the outflow energy, and make the energy can be utilized to the maximum extent. , wherein, the inlet placement angle is the angle between the head end tangent of the blade 7 and the plane perpendicular to the drive shaft 5; the outlet placement angle is the angle between the tail end tangent of the blade 7 and the plane perpendicular to the drive shaft 5. Preferably, the number of the blades 7 is 22.

The working process of the present invention is as follows: the reel type sprinkler is first transferred to the field sprinkler operation area under the traction of the tractor, and the PE hose is spread on the field, one end of the PE hose is connected with the sprinkler trolley, and the other end is wound on the reel It is connected to the water turbine outlet pipe 6. When the water turbine inlet pipe 1 of the reel type sprinkler irrigation machine is connected to the water supply hydrant of the field sprinkler irrigation pressure water, the pressure water enters the machine, and the pressure water flows in through the inlet pipe 1 and passes through the inlet pipe 1. The conical structure impacts the blade 7 of the runner 4, so that the drive shaft 5 connected to the runner 4 at one end rotates, the other end of the drive shaft 5 drives the belt drive, the belt drive drives the chain drive, the chain drive drives the reel to rotate slowly, the PE soft The pipe is wound on the reel layer by layer, and the sprinkler trolley also moves to the reel along with the PE hose. The pressure water flowing from the water turbine is connected to the PE hose through the water turbine outlet pipe 6, and the pressure water passes through the PE hose. The hose flows through the nozzle and sprays out, and the sprinkler head on the sprinkler trolley starts to spray water. With the recovery of the PE hose, the sprinkler trolley automatically stops working when it approaches the reel, and then the whole machine turns 180° or the reel sprinkler The machine is towed by the tractor to the next work site for sprinkler irrigation.

It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions for the feasible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Changes should all be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A reel type sprinkler slanting type water turbine, characterized in that it comprises an inlet pipe (1), a turbine casing (2), a turbine cover (3), a runner (4), a drive shaft (5) and outlet pipe (6); Both the turbine casing (2) and the turbine cover (3) are of circular structure, the runner (4) is located in the turbine casing (2), and the turbine cover (3) is fastened at the outer end of the turbine casing (2). ); The runner (4) includes a plurality of blades (7) and a hub (8); the blades (7) are evenly distributed on the top end face of the hub (8) in the circumferential direction, and the blades (7) are cylindrical, so The inlet placement angle α of the blade (7) is 45°, and the outlet placement angle β is 21°; One end of the drive shaft (5) is connected with the runner (4), and the other end is connected with the transmission mechanism through the turbine cover (3); The inlet pipe (1) is located on one side of the turbine casing (2), the outlet pipe (6) is located on one side of the turbine cover (3), and the centerline of the inlet pipe (1) is connected to the turbine cover surface ( 3) The included angle is 22.5°; the inlet pipe (1) and the water outlet pipe (6) are both conical structures; The inlet pipe (1) is a tapered section, which sequentially includes a straight section (101) before the inlet, a tapered section (102) and a straight section (103) after the inlet; the tapered section (102) of the inlet is tapered is 4 to 7°; The outlet pipe (6) is a gradually widened section, and includes an outlet conical section (601) and an outlet straight section (602) in turn; the taper of the outlet conical section (601) is 4-7°; The distance d from the straight section (103) after the inlet to the inlet of the runner (4) is less than 5 times the diameter D2 _; The number of the blades (7) is 22. 2. The reel type sprinkler slanting type water turbine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, The diameter D1 _of the straight section (101) before the entrance is 45mm, and the length L1 is 60mm _; the diameter D2 _of the straight section (103 ₎ after the entrance is 21mm, and the length L2 is 40mm. 3 . The oblique-impact water turbine of claim 1 , wherein the taper of the inlet conical section ( 102 ) is 5°. 4 . 4 . The oblique-hitting water turbine of claim 1 , wherein the taper of the outlet conical section ( 601 ) is 5°. 5 . 5 . The oblique strike water turbine of a reel type sprinkler irrigation machine according to claim 1 , wherein the water inlet and the water outlet of the runner ( 4 ) are installed at the same height. 6 .