CN110204346A - 一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明专利涉及一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,包括以下步骤:1、以高铝矾土骨料、高铝水泥、硅灰、氧化铝粉、铝矾土细粉和氟化铝细粉在混炼机中充分预混;加入预混物料总质量5‑10%的水作为结合剂,充分搅拌;2、放入模具浇注、脱模;3、干燥;4、高温煅烧,得到具有莫来石晶须增强的高铝浇注料烧成预制块。本发明方法有效利用在高铝浇注料烧成预制块中生成莫来石晶须,提高了高铝浇注料的常温力学强度和抗热震稳定性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及无机化工技术领域,具体涉及一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法。
背景技术
高铝浇注料以其良好的耐火性、热稳定性、耐化学侵蚀性广泛应用在冶金、水泥、玻璃、陶瓷等高温领域,然而其浇注料预制材料常温强度低、抗热震稳定性差的问题一直制约着其进一步广泛应用。国内外科研工作者在此做了大量的应用基础研究,如将耐火纤维应用于浇注料,用于功能材料的常温强度和热震稳定性。其工艺过程是将莫来石纤维破碎后直接掺入耐火散料中,经混炼、成型、干燥、烧成等工序。破碎的莫来石纤维分散度不好,大多以云片状或团絮状大小不均匀的形式存在。虽然莫来石纤维增强浇注料一定程度提高了材料的强度和热稳定性,但是莫来石纤维在与耐火散状料混合后纤维的多孔性能大多被破坏,多处被耐火泥浆灌满,直接影响到产品的整体强度和热震效果。莫来石纤维的分散度不好同样影响烧结过程,致使样品在烧结过程中的局部温度过高导致开裂,甚至发生炸裂。莫来石晶须使用温度在1500-1600℃,耐火性能和抗热震性能优异,耐热、耐腐蚀和绝热性能极佳。可以用作耐热构件、高温绝热材料。莫来石晶须的加入可以提高浇注料基体的韧性、增加冲击强度,往往为耐热复合材料研发的首选。因此,本发明在高铝浇注料中原位生成莫来石晶须可以避免纤维分布不均匀的问题,从而提高高铝浇注料的常温力学强度和抗热震稳定性。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,以高铝矾土骨料、高铝水泥、硅灰、氧化铝粉、铝矾土细粉和氟化铝细粉为原料,经混炼、成型、干燥、烧成等工序,得到莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,其特征在于,以高铝矾土骨料、高铝水泥、硅灰、氧化铝粉、铝矾土细粉和氟化铝细粉为原料,经混炼、成型、干燥、烧成等工序,得到莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块,其具体操作步骤如下:
第一步:混炼,将以质量百分比计加入量为60-70%的高铝矾土骨料、以质量百分比计加入量为3-8%的高铝水泥、以质量百分比计加入量为1-5%的硅灰、以质量百分比计加入量为5-10%的氧化铝粉、以质量百分比计加入量为15-25%的铝矾土细粉和以质量百分比计加入量为0.5-3.5%的氟化铝细粉进行预混合;再将预混后的原料中加入预混物料总质量5-10%水,置于搅拌机中充分搅拌得到混炼后的浇注料;
第二步:成型,将混炼后的浇注料放入模具中进行成型浇注,养护24-48小时后脱模;
第三步:干燥,将养护后的物料于100-150℃干燥24-48小时;
第四步:烧结,将干燥后的预制块放入高温炉中1500-1600℃进行烧成,在特定温度下保温2-6小时,随炉自然冷却后取出,即得到莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块。
所述优选的加水量为预混物料总质量的6-8%。
所述优选的养护时间为30-40小时。
所述烧成温度为1500-1600℃,保温2-6小时,其中在1250-1350℃之间的特定温度保温1-3小时。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:1)本发明制备的高铝浇注料在各种原料的共同配合作用下,具有良好的韧性,能够承受较大的外力作用,受到碰撞时不易碎裂,同时原位生长的莫来石晶须解决了外加莫来石晶须所造成的分布不均匀这一问题,避免样品的局部温度过高而发生炸裂;2)高温烧结后,原位生成莫来石晶须发育完善,柱状晶体结构完整性高,在浇注料预制块内部均匀无序排列,形成了三维网络结构;3)采用传统浇注成型技术可以通过控制预混浆中的固含量,调控最终浇注料的气孔分布状态,提高高铝浇注料预制块的轻质隔热性能,同时具有优良的常温力学强度和抗热震稳定性,大大提高了耐火浇注料的适用范围,有利于对耐火浇注料的推广。
附图说明
图1为本发明的工艺流程示意图
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明的制备方法做进一步说明:
实施例1:
本实施例给出的莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,以质量百分比计,有以下原料组成:高铝矾土骨料65%、高铝水泥5%、硅灰5%、氧化铝粉5%、铝矾土细粉18%、氟化铝细粉 2%。两段式烧结第1段1000℃保温1小时,第2段1300℃保温3小时。莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,具体操作步骤如下:
第一步:混炼,将高铝矾土骨料、高铝水泥、硅灰、氧化铝粉、铝矾土细粉和氟化铝细粉进行预混合;预混后的原料中加入预混物料总质量5%的水,置于搅拌机中充分搅拌得到混合后的浇注料;
第二步:成型,将混合后的浇注料放入模具中进行振动浇注,养护30小时后脱模;
第三步:干燥,将养护后的物料于140℃干燥30小时;
第四步:烧成,将干燥后的预制块放入高温炉中1500℃进行烧成,在特定温度下保温2小时,随炉自然冷却后取出,即得到莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块。
本实施例制备的高铝浇注料中的晶须的长径比为15,常温抗折强度为40MPa,抗热震稳定性为13次。
实施例2:
本实施例给出的莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,以质量百分比计,有以下原料组成:高铝矾土骨料60%、高铝水泥8%、硅灰4%、氧化铝粉7%、铝矾土细粉20%、氟化铝细粉 1%。两段式烧结第1段1000℃保温1小时,第2段1300℃保温3小时。莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,具体操作步骤如下:
第一步:混炼,将高铝矾土骨料、高铝水泥、硅灰、氧化铝粉、铝矾土细粉和氟化铝细粉进行预混合;预混后的原料中加入预混物料总质量8%的水,置于搅拌机中充分搅拌得到混合后的浇注料;
第二步:成型,将混合后的浇注料放入模具中进行振动浇注,养护35小时后脱模;
第三步:干燥,将养护后的物料于110℃干燥40小时;
第四步:烧成,将干燥后的预制块放入高温炉中1550℃进行烧成,在特定温度下保温4小时,随炉自然冷却后取出,即得到莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块。
本实施例制备的高铝浇注料中的晶须的长径比为30,常温抗折强度为50MPa,抗热震稳定性为15次。
实施例3:
本实施例给出的莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,以质量百分比计,有以下原料组成:高铝矾土骨料68%、高铝水泥4%、硅灰2%、氧化铝粉8%、铝矾土细粉15%、氟化铝细粉 3%。两段式烧结第1段1000℃保温1小时,第2段1300℃保温3小时。莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,具体操作步骤如下:
第一步:混炼,将高铝矾土骨料、高铝水泥、硅灰、氧化铝粉、铝矾土细粉和氟化铝细粉进行预混合;预混后的原料中加入预混物料总质量10%的水,置于搅拌机中充分搅拌得到混合后的浇注料;
第二步:成型,将混合后的浇注料放入模具中进行振动浇注,养护40小时后脱模;
第三步:干燥,将养护后的物料于120℃干燥35小时;
第四步:烧成,将干燥后的预制块放入高温炉中1600℃进行烧成,在特定温度下保温6小时,随炉自然冷却后取出,即得到莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块。
本实施例制备的高铝浇注料中的晶须的长径比为20,常温抗折强度为45MPa,抗热震稳定性为14次。
Claims (4)
1.一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,其特征在于,以高铝矾土骨料、高铝水泥、硅灰、氧化铝粉、铝矾土细粉和氟化铝细粉为原料,经混炼、成型、干燥、烧成等工序,得到莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块,其具体操作步骤如下:
第一步:混炼,将以质量百分比计加入量为60-70%的高铝矾土骨料、以质量百分比计加入量为3-8%的高铝水泥、以质量百分比计加入量为1-5%的硅灰、以质量百分比计加入量为5-10%的氧化铝粉、以质量百分比计加入量为15-25%的铝矾土细粉和以质量百分比计加入量为0.5-3.5%的氟化铝细粉进行预混合;再将预混后的原料中加入预混物料总质量5-10%水,置于搅拌机中充分搅拌得到混炼后的浇注料;
第二步:成型,将混炼后的浇注料放入模具中进行成型浇注,养护24-48小时后脱模;
第三步:干燥,将养护后的物料于100-150℃干燥24-48小时;
第四步:烧结,将干燥后的预制块放入高温炉中1500-1600℃进行烧成,在特定温度下保温2-6小时,随炉自然冷却后取出,即得到莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,其特征在于,所述优选的加水量为预混物料总质量的6-8%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,其特征在于,所述优选的养护时间为30-40小时。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种莫来石晶须增强高铝浇注料烧成预制块的制备方法,其特征在于,所述烧成温度为1500-1600℃,保温2-6小时,其中在1250-1350℃之间的特定温度保温1-3小时。
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