CN110151108A - Endoscopic laser speckle blood flow blood oxygen imaging system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an endoscopic laser speckle blood flow and blood oxygen imaging system, comprising: an endoscope, a He-Ne laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm, a broadband light source with a wavelength of 300-1000 nm, a USB2000 optical fiber spectrometer, and a CCD camera and computer. The invention combines endoscope with laser speckle and spectral analysis to measure blood oxygen saturation, which can realize the detection of blood flow and blood oxygen information of digestive tract; FVA-Ne laser and endoscope are added between He-Ne laser and endoscope. The UV optical fiber adjustable attenuator can adjust the power of the laser to achieve the best image effect; the four light-transmitting fibers are distributed around the end face of the probe, which can make the light received more uniform; the instrument of the system is easy to connect, only need to adjust the FVA‑UV The optical fiber adjustable attenuator and the focusing part of the endoscope body are all that is needed, which is easy to operate, and only a broadband light source with a wavelength range of 300-1000nm is required to obtain the spectrum, which can solve the problem of blood flow in the examination of the digestive tract, etc. And blood oxygen monitoring cannot be realized and the problem of light intensity oversaturation in long-term endoscopic laser speckle measurement experiments.

Description

Endoscopic Laser Speckle Blood Oxygen Imaging System

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical imaging, in particular to an endoscopic laser speckle blood flow and blood oxygen imaging system.

Background technique

At present, in the examination of various physiological diseases, blood flow and blood oxygen are two important parameters. Blood oxygen saturation reflects the ability of human blood to transport oxygen. One of the traditional methods of measuring blood oxygen saturation is to collect blood from the human body and then analyze it with a blood gas analyzer. This method has complicated steps and cannot be continuously measured. The second is to use a finger-sleeve photoelectric sensor, but it cannot detect intra-abdominal tissue. In order to solve this problem, spectral detection methods based on the different absorption coefficients of deoxyhemoglobin and oxyhemoglobin under different wavelengths of illumination have emerged. to obtain blood oxygen saturation.

Blood flow velocity is also a factor in evaluating physiological conditions. Currently, an advanced method for measuring blood flow velocity is laser speckle flow imaging. Compared with the traditional blood flow measurement method, it has the characteristics of non-contact, non-invasive, rapid imaging, etc., and can quantitatively analyze the blood flow. First, the speckle contrast value is calculated, and then the blood flow velocity is calculated using the contrast value. At present, laser speckle measurement of blood flow velocity is mainly used in cortex, and it is still difficult to detect blood flow and blood oxygen information in digestive tract and intra-abdominal organs.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an endoscopic laser speckle blood flow and blood oxygen imaging system, which can solve the problem that blood flow and blood oxygen monitoring cannot be realized in the inspection of digestive tract, etc. and long-term endoscopic laser speckle measurement can be solved. The problem of light intensity supersaturation in experiments.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides an endoscopic laser speckle blood flow and blood oxygen imaging system, including: an endoscope, a He-Ne laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm, a broadband light source with a wavelength of 300-1000 nm, a USB2000 Fiber spectrometer, CCD camera and computer; the laser light from the He-Ne laser is transmitted along the first fiber, the other end of the first fiber is connected to the FVA-UV fiber tunable attenuator through SM905, and the other side of the attenuator also passes through SM905 The second optical fiber is connected, and the other side of the second optical fiber is connected to the laser source interface of the fiber optic endoscope through the first SMA connector. The laser transmitted to the endoscope is irradiated on the tissue through the light transmission fiber, and the reflected light passes through Image transmission fiber transmission, a connector can be screwed on the eyepiece of the endoscope. This connector is used to connect the endoscope and the CCD camera. The CCD camera transmits the captured image to the computer, and the computer performs image processing; The other side of the mirror has two third optical fibers, and the heads of the two third optical fibers have connector adapters, which are respectively connected to the USB2000 and the broadband light source. The broadband light source is used to measure the spectrum, and can also be used to display tissue structure information. USB2000 The other test has a USB interface, which is connected to the computer to transmit data.

Preferably, there are four light-transmitting optical fibers, which are distributed around the front end face of the endoscope, so that the tissue receives light more evenly.

Preferably, the lens body of the endoscope 1 is provided with a focusing knob to facilitate focusing.

Preferably, a small lens is added on the front end face of the fiber optic endoscope to scatter light to obtain a larger field of view.

Preferably, an FVA-UV fiber tunable attenuator is added to adjust the power of the He-Ne laser and solve the problem of light intensity oversaturation encountered in long-term experiments.

Preferably, the concentration changes of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin can be obtained by measuring the spectrum with this broadband light source, and then the blood oxygen saturation can be calculated, and the disease or diagnosis and treatment effect can be evaluated by the blood oxygen saturation change.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention combines endoscope with laser speckle and spectral analysis to measure blood oxygen saturation, which can realize the detection of digestive tract blood flow and blood oxygen information; The FVA-UV optical fiber adjustable attenuator is added between the mirrors, which can adjust the power of the laser to achieve the best image effect; four light-transmitting fibers are distributed around the end face of the probe, which can make the light received more uniform; the instrument of the system is easy to connect , you only need to adjust the FVA-UV optical fiber adjustable attenuator and the focusing part of the endoscope body, the operation is convenient, and the acquisition of the spectrum only requires a broadband light source with a wavelength range of 300-1000nm, which can solve the problem of digestion In addition, the monitoring of blood flow and blood oxygen cannot be realized in the examinations such as tracts, and the problem of light intensity supersaturation in the long-term endoscopic laser speckle measurement experiment.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system structure of the present invention.

Figure 2(a) is a schematic structural diagram of the endoscope of the present invention.

Fig. 2(b) is a schematic view of the front end surface of the endoscope of the present invention.

Figure 3(a) is a perspective view of the FNA-UV fiber tunable attenuator of the present invention.

Figure 3(b) is a rear view of the FNA-UV optical fiber tunable attenuator of the present invention.

Among them, 1. Endoscope; 2. He-Ne laser; 3. Broadband light source; 4. USB2000 fiber optic spectrometer; 5. CCD camera; 6. Computer; 7. Optical fiber adjustable attenuator; 8. Laser source interface; 9 , the first SMA connector; 10, the second SMA connector; 11, SM905; 12, the second fiber; 13, the first fiber; 14, the light transmission fiber; 15, the image transmission fiber; 16, the connector; 17, the third Optical fiber; 18, connector adapter; 19, focusing part; 20, bayonet; 21, scroll knob; 22, small lens; 23, USB interface.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1, the endoscopic laser speckle blood flow and blood oxygen imaging system includes: an endoscope 1, a He-Ne laser with a wavelength of 632.8 nm, a broadband light source with a wavelength of 300-1000 nm, and a USB2000 fiber optic spectrometer 4. CCD camera 5 and computer 6 . Among them, the laser light from the He-Ne laser 2 is transmitted along the first optical fiber 13, and the other end of the first optical fiber 13 is connected to the FVA-UV fiber tunable attenuator 7 through the SM90511, and the other side of the fiber tunable attenuator 7 is also The second optical fiber 12 is connected through SM90511, and the other side of the second optical fiber 12 is connected to the laser source interface 8 of the fiberoptic endoscope 1 through the first SMA connector 9, and the laser light transmitted to the endoscope 1 passes through the light transmission fiber 14 When irradiated on the tissue, the reflected light is transmitted through the image transmission fiber 15. A connector 16 can be screwed on the eyepiece of the endoscope 1. This connector is used to connect the endoscope and the CCD camera 5, and the CCD camera 5 will shoot the The image is transmitted to the computer 6, and the computer 6 performs image processing. The other end of the endoscope 1 has two third optical fibers 17, and the heads of the two third optical fibers 17 have connector adapters 18, which are respectively connected to the USB2000 fiber optic spectrometer 4 and the broadband light source 3, and the broadband light source 3 is used for measuring. The spectrum can also be used to display tissue structure information. Another USB interface 23 of the USB2000 fiber optic spectrometer 4 is connected to the computer 6 to transmit data.

The lens body of the endoscope 1 has a focusing portion, which can be adjusted by rotating. There are four light-transmitting optical fibers 14, which are distributed around the probe, so that the tissue receives light more evenly. A small lens 22 is added to the front end face of the fiber optic endoscope to scatter light to obtain a larger field of view. The FVA-UV fiber tunable attenuator 7 is added to adjust the power of the He-Ne laser 2 and solve the problem of light intensity oversaturation encountered in long-term experiments.

Using this broadband light source 3 to measure the spectrum, the concentration changes of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin can be obtained, and then the blood oxygen saturation can be calculated, and the disease or diagnosis and treatment effect can be evaluated through the blood oxygen saturation change. Since we use a broadband light source, there are many wavelengths, which carry more information than the green and blue light of 540nm and 415nm to measure hemoglobin.

Using a broadband light source with a wavelength of 300-1000nm to obtain a spectrum, not only the concentration of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, but also the concentration of other chromophores such as reduced cytochrome C (Cytc-R) can be obtained. These chromophores are also evaluated. A standard of physical condition.

Laser speckle and spectrum cannot be obtained synchronously. When performing laser speckle blood flow imaging, turn off broadband light source 3 and turn on laser 2; when acquiring a spectrum, turn off laser 2 and turn on broadband light source 3. The model used for spectral analysis is Lambert Beer's law Then use this formula to calculate the changes in the content of various chromophores in the brain to calculate blood oxygen saturation. The blood flow velocity calculated by laser speckle imaging is obtained by the contrast value, and the calculation formula of the contrast is as follows A relative value of speed can be obtained by derivation.

In the actual operation process, after connecting all together, insert the front end tube of endoscope 1 into 1000-1050mm, open the software, turn on the broadband light source, adjust the focus until the image reaches the best state, and take about 3 pictures. Structural diagram (raw), after the blood vessels are clearly visible, keep the endoscope 1 still and take pictures, then turn off the broadband light source 3, turn on the laser 2, adjust the optical power and focus, and then take pictures, each group can take 300 pictures about.

As shown in Figure 2(a) and Figure 2(b), it is a schematic diagram of the structure of the endoscope 1, 8 is a laser source interface, and a first SMA connector 9 is installed on this interface to realize the interface 8 and the first optical fiber. 13 connections. 18 is the connector adapter, which can be directly connected to the USB2000 spectrometer 4 and the broadband light source 3 for spectral measurement, 19 is the focusing part, which can be focused by rotating the knob during operation, 20 is the bayonet close to the eyepiece, and one end of the connector 16 For the bayonet, it can be stuck with 20, and the other end is threaded, which can be screwed on the CCD camera 5, so that the image acquisition can be realized.

As shown in Figure 3, it is the FVA-UV optical fiber adjustable attenuator 7, the left side is the perspective view, the right side is the rear view, 11 is the SM905 interface, which can be connected to the second optical fiber 12, the structure of the back side is the same as the front side Yes, 21 is a scroll knob, and the optical power attenuation is realized by scrolling the knob 21 .

In summary, the present invention proposes a system integrating endoscopic imaging combined with laser speckle imaging and spectral analysis, which can detect the physiological or pathological conditions of organs such as the digestive tract by detecting blood flow and blood oxygen information. The spectral information of the invention can be realized only by a broadband light source with a wavelength range of 300-1000 nm, the operation is simple, and the spectral analysis model is Lambert Beer's law. In order to solve the problem of laser oversaturation since long-term experiments, the present invention proposes a method for adjusting the laser power. A FVA-UV optical fiber adjustable attenuator is added between the laser and the endoscope, and the intensity of the laser is adjusted to disperse the laser light. The spot effect is the best, and the focus can be adjusted by adjusting the focusing knob of the lens body. In the process of acquiring the laser speckle image, first turn on the broadband light source, find the best shooting position, and obtain the original image (raw), then turn off the broadband light source, turn on the laser, and obtain the laser speckle image of the corresponding part. Keep the endoscope still.

Claims (6)

1. endoscopic laser speckle blood flow blood oxygen imaging system characterized by comprising endoscope (1), wavelength 632.8nm He-Ne laser (2), wave band be 300-1000nm wideband light source (3), USB2000 fiber spectrometer (4), CCD camera (5) and computer (6)；Laser from He-Ne laser (2) is transmitted along the first optical fiber (13), the first optical fiber (13) The other end is connect by SM905 (11) with FVA-UV optical fiber adjustable attenuator (7), in attenuator (7) other side also by SM905 (11) it is connected to the second optical fiber (12), the other side of the second optical fiber (12) passes through the first sub-miniature A connector (9) and fibre opic endoscope (1) Laser source interface (8) be connected, be transferred to the laser of endoscope (1) by Optic transmission fiber (14) irradiation organizationally, reflection Light transmitted by image transmission optical fibre (15), a connector (16) can be screwed on the eyepiece of endoscope, this connector is for connecting Endoscope (1) and CCD camera (5) are connect, CCD camera (5) carries out captured image transmitting to computer (6), computer (6) Image procossing；There are two third optical fiber (17) in another survey of endoscope (1), and the head of two third optical fiber (17) connects Head adapter (18) is separately connected USB2000 (4) and wideband light source (3), and wideband light source (3) is used to survey spectrum, while also can be used In display organizational information, another survey of USB2000 (4) has USB interface (18), and be connected transmission data with computer (6).

2. endoscopic laser speckle blood flow blood oxygen imaging system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that Optic transmission fiber (14) There are four, is distributed in endoscope (1) front end face surrounding.

3. endoscopic laser speckle blood flow blood oxygen imaging system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that endoscope (1) Shank is provided with focusing knob.

4. endoscopic laser speckle blood flow blood oxygen imaging system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in fibre opic endoscope (1) it joined a lenslet (22) in front end surface.

5. endoscopic laser speckle blood flow blood oxygen imaging system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that setting FVA-UV light Fine adjustable attenuator (7) adjusts the power of He-Ne laser (2).

6. endoscopic laser speckle blood flow blood oxygen imaging system as described in claim 1 is set, which is characterized in that with this broadband light Source (3) surveys spectrum and obtains the concentration variation of oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin, can calculate blood oxygen saturation with that, Disease or treatment effect can be assessed by blood oxygen saturation variation.