CN110057741A - A kind of unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of unrestrained well seepage tests model equipment in water-bearing layer bottom, including sector, the seepage flow sandbox body of hollow only upper end opening, sand body is filled in seepage flow sandbox body, water level monitoring system is provided in seepage flow sandbox body, seepage flow sandbox body includes front side board, back side panel and circular arc outer panel, seepage flow sandbox body edge is provided with pressure stabilizing tank along its circular arc outer panel, the different inlet and outlet of at least two groups height are provided on circular arc outer panel, several permeable holes are offered on circular arc interior plate, fan-shaped unrestrained well is provided in seepage flow sandbox body close to its center location, unrestrained well bottom is provided with the unrestrained mouth of a river, saturation water inlet is provided in the seepage flow sand tank floor, the unrestrained mouth of a river, it is saturated water inlet, inlet and outlet are connected separately with water supply circulatory system.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the characteristics that structure is simple, strong applicability, economy, realizes the research to the unrestrained well seepage flow characteristics in water-bearing layer bottom.

Description

A model device for seepage test of drainage wells at the bottom of aquifers

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of seepage in a drainage well at the bottom of an aquifer, in particular to a model device for a seepage test of a drainage well at the bottom of an aquifer.

Background technique

The development and utilization of underground space and energy resources below the ground is the main subject of human engineering activities in the 21st century. my country is the country with the most tunnels and underground projects, the fastest development, and the most complex hydrogeological and structural forms in the world. The construction of the project brought many difficulties. Underground engineering construction disturbs the surrounding rock mass to form disturbed fissures of varying degrees, and its penetration is an important channel for the formation of water inrush, sand gushing, mud inrush and other disasters, posing a serious threat to the safety of engineering and life and property.

Detecting and depressurizing aquifers (bodies) in advance is an effective means to solve the water inrush and sand inrush disasters in engineering construction under water bodies. For deep underground engineering construction, the ground construction holes are pumped, drained and depressurized. The drilling depth is often more than 800m, which takes a long time and costs a lot. The upward construction of inclined holes in the underground space (the drilling length is usually less than 100m) is very important for aquifers ( It is more economical and reasonable to conduct hydrophobic depressurization.

The oblique drainage hole enters the aquifer from the bottom of the aquifer, and the water flow in the aquifer depends on the seepage gradient and its own weight to flow downward, which is different from the seepage law of the ground pumping and drainage wells in the traditional sense. The traditional Dipuit-Thiem formula, which is suitable for the seepage law of the ground pumping and drainage wells, is no longer suitable for calculating the seepage law of the drainage wells. In terms of the seepage characteristics of the drainage well, the diameter and length of the drainage well and the opening and closing of the drainage well bottom have a significant impact on the seepage characteristics of the drainage water, which in turn affects the layout plan of the drainage well when the underground working face is drained and depressurized; However, there are no models and methods suitable for studying the seepage characteristics of drainage wells.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the problem that the traditional Dipuit-Thiem formula, which is suitable for the seepage law of the ground pumping and drainage wells, is no longer suitable for calculating the seepage law of the drainage wells, the present invention provides a seepage test model device for the drainage wells at the bottom of the aquifer, which has a structure. The characteristics of simplicity, strong applicability, and economical economy can realize the study of the seepage characteristics of the drainage wells at the bottom of the aquifer, and can effectively reveal the quantitative replenishment characteristics of the dynamic and static water reserves to the unsteady seepage stage of the drainage wells, and reveal the drainage wells at the bottom of the aquifer. The relationship between the well length, well diameter, thickness of aquifer, pore water pressure and other factors on the seepage characteristics of incomplete drainage wells, in order to test the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer by using the drainage test at the bottom of the aquifer and deduce the relevant theoretical formulas and other aspects to provide the basis for physical model research.

The purpose of this invention is to realize in the following way:

A seepage test model device for a drainage well at the bottom of an aquifer, comprising a fan-shaped, hollow seepage sand box with only the upper end open, the seepage sand box is filled with sand, a water level monitoring system is arranged in the seepage sand box, and the seepage sand box is It includes a front side plate, a rear side plate and a circular arc outer plate. The edge of the seepage sand box is provided with a pressure stabilization groove along its arc outer plate, and at least two groups of water inlets with different heights are arranged on the circular arc outer plate of the pressure stabilization tank. and water outlet, a number of permeable holes are opened on the inner side plate of the arc of the pressure stabilization tank, a fan-shaped drainage well is arranged in the seepage sand box near the center of the circle, and a drainage hole is arranged at the bottom of the drainage well. A saturated water inlet is arranged on the bottom surface of the body, and a water supply circulation system is respectively connected to the dredging water inlet, the saturated water inlet, the water inlet and the water outlet.

The drainage well includes a well pipe, and a water permeable hole is formed on the wall of the well pipe, and a drainage well slot is respectively provided on the inner side wall of the front side plate and the rear side plate near the center of the seepage sand box. It is inserted into the slot of the drainage well so as to be clamped on the seepage sand box, and a well cover is placed on the top of the drainage well; same length.

The bottom of the well pipe is provided with a horizontal dismounting insert plate for supporting the well pipe, a dismounting slot is opened at the bottom of the seepage sand box near the center of the circle, and one end of the dismounting insert plate is fixed on the seepage by being inserted into the dismounting slot. On the sand box body, the drainage port is arranged on the dismantling insert, the well pipe and the well cover, the front side plate, the rear side plate, and the dismounting insert form a fan-shaped draining well, and the overall size of the dismantling insert is larger than that of the dismantling insert. The cross-sectional dimension of the largest evacuation well to be studied.

A sand body protection plate slot is arranged on the inner side wall of the front side plate and the rear side plate near the center of the seepage sand box. The sand body protection plate slot is located on the side of the drainage well slot away from the center of the circle. A sand body protection plate is clamped in the protection plate slot, and the distance between the sand body protection plate and the center of the seepage sand box is greater than the radius of the largest drainage well to be studied.

The upper part of the seepage sand box is provided with a movable sealing cover, the outer contour size of the movable sealing cover is consistent with the inner contour size of the seepage sand box, and the edge of the movable sealing cover is bonded with a rubber sealing strip; the bottom surface of the seepage sand box is installed with a wheel.

The water level monitoring system includes a water level monitoring tube integrated board and a plurality of water level monitoring tubes. A digital camera for real-time synchronous monitoring of the water level change of the water level monitoring tube is arranged on the outside of the water level monitoring tube integrated board, and the water level monitoring tube integrated board is fixed on the outer side of the front side plate. The water level monitoring pipe is embedded in the seepage sand box in layers according to the layout of the water level monitoring points. superior.

The water level monitoring tube integrated board includes an integrated board body, and vertical hollow tubes are arranged at intervals on the integrated board body, the hollow tubes are marked with scales along the vertical direction, and the number of the hollow tubes is equal to or greater than that of the water level monitoring tubes. quantity, the other end of the water level monitoring pipe is communicated with the bottom of the hollow pipe.

The water supply circulation system includes a water supply tank, a transfer tank and a water collection tank. The water supply tank is connected with a water collection tank drainage pipe, the water collection tank drainage pipe is connected with a collection tank pumping pump, and the collection tank pumping pump is connected with a collection tank pumping pipe, and the collecting tank pumping pipe The water collecting tank is connected, the water supply tank is also connected with a transfer box drainage pipe, the transfer box drainage pipe is connected with a transfer box pumping pump, the transfer box pumping pump is connected with a transfer box pumping pipe, and the transfer box pumping pipe is connected with the transfer box;

The water supply tank is connected with a water supply pipe and a saturated water pipe, the water supply pipe is connected with the water inlet, a water supply valve is installed on the water supply pipe, the saturated water pipe is connected with the saturated water inlet, and a saturated valve is installed on the saturated water pipe; the transfer box is connected There is a water outlet pipe, and the water outlet water pipe is connected with the water outlet; the water collecting tank is connected with a water discharge pipe, the water discharge pipe is connected with the drainage water outlet, and a water drainage valve is installed on the water discharge pipe.

The water supply circulation system is provided with a water quantity monitoring system. The water quantity monitoring system consists of a water supply outlet flowmeter, a water outlet flowmeter, a drain outlet flowmeter, a data acquisition device and a computer. The flowmeters are respectively connected to the data acquisition device, the data acquisition device is connected to the computer, the water supply outlet flowmeter is installed on the water supply pipe, the water outlet flowmeter is installed on the water outlet water pipe, and the drain outlet flowmeter is installed on the water discharge pipe.

The drainage well slots are respectively arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the front side plate and the rear side plate.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

1. For the first time, a model device for the seepage test of the drainage well at the bottom of the aquifer is designed to make up for the blank of the experimental research device for the drainage of water at the bottom of the aquifer;

2. In the test model device of the present invention, the cross section of the seepage sand box and the cross section of the drainage well are fan-shaped, which saves the material of the test device, the test sand body and the test time;

3. It can be used to study the seepage characteristics of drainage wells with different well diameters and well lengths; by setting the sand body protection plate and removing the insert plate, the well pipe of the drainage well adopts a segmented design, which is easy to replace the well pipe, and the well pipe is replaced During the process, the consolidated sand body on the back side of the sand body protection plate is not disturbed, which improves the stability of the seepage parameters of the seepage sand body and the accuracy of the test results;

4. The circulating water supply system is adopted to save water resources; flow meters are installed at the water inlet, water outlet and drainage outlet of the pressure stabilization tank on the seepage sand box, which can synchronously and accurately monitor the static reserve replenishment and discharge of the drainage well in the unstable seepage stage. Quantitative relationship of dynamic reserve replenishment;

5. The experimental model device of the present invention can be used to study the influence relationship of factors such as well length, well diameter, thickness of aquifer, pore water pressure, etc. on the seepage characteristics of incomplete drainage wells, in order to establish a seepage model of drainage wells at the bottom of deep aquifers. and theoretical calculation equations, defining the limit well length of the drainage well at the bottom of the deep aquifer, giving the method of testing the hydrogeological parameters of the aquifer by the drainage test, and deriving the relevant theoretical formulas, which provide the basis for the research of the physical model.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an overall view of the seepage test model device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of the seepage sand box in FIG. 1 .

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the well pipe.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the manhole cover.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of disassembling the plug-in board.

Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a sand body protection plate.

In the figure: 1-seepage sand box; 2-well cover; 3-well pipe; 4-draining water outlet; 5-removal slot; 6-removal insert plate; 7-sand body protection plate; Slot; 9-sand protection plate slot; 10-movable sealing cover; 11-wheel; 12-pressure tank; 13-water inlet; 14-water outlet; 15-water outlet flowmeter; 16-water outlet pipe; 17-saturated water pipe; 18-flow meter of water supply port; 19-water supply valve; 20-saturated valve; 21-water supply tank; 22-transfer box drain pipe; 23-transfer box pump; Water supply pipe; 26-water collection tank drain pipe; 27-digital camera; 28-drain water valve; 29-water drainage port flowmeter; 30-water discharge pipe; 31-collection tank suction pipe; 32-collection tank suction pump; 33-collection Water tank; 34-saturated water inlet; 35-water level monitoring tube integrated board; 36-transfer box; 37-water supply tank water inlet; 38-water supply tank saturated water inlet; 39-arc inner plate; 40-arc outer plate; 41-rear side board; 42-front side board; 43-hollow pipe; 44-collection device; 45-computer; 46-water level monitoring point; 47-water level monitoring pipe.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1-6, a model device for the seepage test of the drainage well at the bottom of the aquifer includes a fan-shaped, hollow seepage sand box 1 with only the upper end open. The seepage sand box 1 is filled with sand bodies, or can be filled with sand bodies. For other materials required, the seepage sand box 1 is provided with a water level monitoring system. The seepage sand box 1 includes a front side plate 42, a rear side plate 41 and a circular arc outer plate 40. The seepage sand box 1 has an edge along its circle. The arc outer plate 40 is provided with a pressure-stabilizing groove 12, and at least two groups of water inlets 13 and water outlets 14 with different heights are arranged on the circular arc outer plate 40 of the pressure-stabilizing groove 12. Here, the water inlet 13 and the water outlet 14 in FIG. 1 There are four groups in total, which can be used to set boundary water heads of different heights. A number of permeable holes (not shown in the figure) are opened on the circular arc inner plate 39 of the pressure stabilization tank 12. The seepage sand box 1 is provided with a fan shape near the center of the circle. The bottom of the drainage well is provided with a drainage water port 4 for dredging the water flow that seeps into the drainage well, and the bottom surface of the seepage sand box 1 is provided with a saturated water inlet 34. , The saturated water inlet 34, the water inlet 13 and the water outlet 14 are respectively connected with a water supply circulation system. The above-mentioned pressure stabilization tank 12 is composed of an inner plate and an outer plate. There are two saturated water inlets 34, which are evenly distributed in the middle of the bottom plate of the seepage sand box 1, and the two saturated water inlets 34 are connected in parallel with the water supply circulation system.

Preferably, the drainage well includes a well pipe 3, and high-density water permeable holes are opened on the wall of the well pipe 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the inner side walls of the front side plate 42 and the rear side plate 41 are close to the seepage sand box. 1. The position of the center of the circle is respectively provided with a drainage well slot 8, the well pipe 3 is inserted in the drainage well slot 8 so as to be clamped on the seepage sand box 1, and a well cover 2 is placed on the top of the drainage well. 2 According to the needs of the test, it can be a permeable well cover or a non-permeable well cover. The water-permeable manhole cover 2 has high-density water-permeable holes, and the outer side of the well pipe 3 and the water-permeable well cover 2 is wrapped with a stainless steel high-density fine wire filter screen to prevent fine-grained sand particles from flowing into the inside of the well pipe 3 . The drainage well slot 8 is U-shaped, which is convenient to install or remove the well pipe 3 .

In order to facilitate the disassembly and replacement of the well pipe 3, the bottom of the well pipe 3 is provided with a horizontal disassembly insert 6 for supporting the well pipe 3, and the bottom of the seepage sand box 1 is provided with a disassembly slot 5 near the center of the circle. One end of the plug board 6 is fixed on the seepage sand box body 1 by being inserted into the dismantling slot 5, the drainage water port 4 is arranged on the disassembly plug board 6, the well pipe 3 and the well cover 2, the front side plate 42, the back side The plate 41 and the dismantling insert plate 6 form a fan-shaped drainage well. The size of the dismounting insert plate 6 is slightly larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the largest drainage well to be studied, so as to be suitable for well pipes 3 of different well diameters. During installation, the well pipe 3 is directly placed on the dismantling insert 6 .

The structure of the above-mentioned dismantling insert 6 is shown in Figures 5, 1 and 2. One end of the dismantling insert 6 extends outward along the seepage sand box 1, and its protruding end is a pull ring (not marked in the figure), Therefore, when the well pipe 3 is disassembled, it is only necessary to pull out the dismantling insert plate 6 through the pull ring, and the well pipe 3 will gradually fall down due to its own weight, so that it can be dismantled in sections. The above-mentioned dismantling slot 5 is a U-shaped slot with an opening to the left (that is, the left side as shown in Figure 2), and the opening depth of the U-shaped slot is suitable to be able to cooperate with the well pipe 3 to fix the dismantling insert plate 6 in a horizontal state. .

In order to disturb only a small part of the seepage sand body when the well pipe 3 is replaced, the sand body protection plate slot 9 is provided on the inner side walls of the front side plate 42 and the rear side plate 41 near the center of the seepage sand box 1. The protection plate slot 9 is located on the side of the drainage well slot 8 away from the center of the circle, and a sand body protection plate 7 is clamped in the sand body protection plate slot 9. The sand body protection plate 7 reaches the center of the seepage sand box 1. The distance between locations is greater than the radius of the largest evacuation well to be studied, which is slightly greater here. When the well pipe 3 is replaced, only the seepage sand body inside the sand body protection plate 7 is disturbed, and the seepage sand body outside the sand body protection plate 7 is not affected. The structure of the sand body protection plate 7 is shown in Figure 6. It is a stainless steel grid with high overall strength and can be customized according to needs. .

In order to facilitate adjustment of the well length and facilitate disassembly, the well pipe 3 is composed of multiple sub-pipes, and the arc length of the sub-pipes is consistent with the arc length of the well pipe 3, as shown in FIG. 3 .

In order to adjust the well diameter and study the influence of the well diameter on seepage, the drainage well slots 8 are respectively arranged at intervals along the radial direction of the front side plate 42 and the rear side plate 41 .

Preferably, the upper part of the seepage sand box body 1 is provided with a movable sealing cover 10, the outer contour size of the movable sealing cover 10 is consistent with the inner outline size of the seepage sand box body 1, and the edge of the movable sealing cover 10 is bonded with a rubber sealing strip (Fig. (not shown in the figure); wheels 11 are installed on the bottom surface of the seepage sand box body 1 . The movable sealing cover 10 can be adjusted up and down in the seepage sand box body 1 and fixed at a preset height.

Further, the water level monitoring system includes a water level monitoring tube integrated board 35 and several water level monitoring tubes 47. The outside of the water level monitoring tube integrated board 35 is provided with a digital camera 27 for synchronously monitoring the water level change of the water level monitoring tube 47 in real time. The water level monitoring tube integrates The plate 35 is fixed on the outer surface of the front side plate 42, the water level monitoring pipe 47 is embedded in the seepage sand box 1 in layers according to the layout of the water level monitoring points, and the water level detection end of the water level monitoring pipe 47 is located on the preset water level monitoring point, The other end is integrated on the water level monitoring tube integrated plate 35 through the front side plate 42 . The digital camera 27 monitors the change of the water head of each water level monitoring tube 47 synchronously in real time through the water level monitoring tube integrated board 35 .

Further, the water level monitoring tube integrated plate 35 includes an integrated plate body (not shown in the figure), and vertical hollow tubes 43 are arranged on the integrated plate body at intervals, and the hollow tubes 43 are marked along the vertical direction. Scale, the number of hollow pipes 43 is equal to or greater than the number of water level monitoring pipes 47 , and the other end of the water level monitoring pipes 47 is communicated with the bottom of the hollow pipes 43 . The change of the water level in the seepage sand box 1 can be monitored by the water level in the hollow tube 43 .

Further, the water supply circulation system includes a water supply tank 21, a transfer tank 36 and a water collection tank 33. The water supply tank 21 is connected with a water collection tank drain pipe 26, and the water collection tank drain pipe 26 is connected with a collection tank pumping pump 32, and the collection tank pumping pump 32. The water collection tank suction pipe 31 is connected, the water collection tank suction pipe 31 is connected to the water collection tank 33, the water supply tank 21 is also connected with a transfer tank drain pipe 22, and the transfer tank drain pipe 22 is connected with a transfer tank pumping pump 23, and the transfer tank pumping pump 23 The transfer box water pipe 24 is connected, and the transfer box water pipe 24 is connected to the transfer box 36;

The water supply tank 21 is connected with a water supply pipe 25 and a saturated water pipe 17. The water supply pipe 25 is communicated with the water inlet 13. A water supply valve 19 is installed on the water supply pipe 25. The saturated water pipe 17 is communicated with the saturated water inlet 34. A saturation valve 20 is installed; the transfer box 36 is connected with a water outlet pipe 16, and the water outlet water pipe 16 is connected with the water outlet 14; , the drain pipe 30 is installed with a drain valve 28 . The water supply tank 21 is provided with a water supply tank water supply port 37 for connecting with the water supply pipe 25 , and a water supply tank saturated water inlet 38 for connecting with the saturated water pipe 17 .

In the above water supply circulation system, the water supply tank 21 is connected to the seepage sand box 1 through two channels, one is connected to the water inlet 13 of the pressure stabilization tank 12 in the seepage sand box 1 through the water supply pipe 25, and the other is connected to the seepage sand box 1 through the saturated water pipe 17. The saturated port 34 of the seepage sand box 1 is connected to each other; wherein the water supplied by the water supply tank 21 to the pressure stabilization tank 12 is circulated and collected to the water supply tank 21 in two ways, and one of them passes through the water outlet 14 of the pressure stabilization tank 12 of the seepage sand box 1. The water discharge pipe 16 is connected with the transfer box 36, and the transfer box 36 is connected with the transfer box pump 23 through the transfer box water pump 24 of the transfer box 36, and the transfer box drain pipe 22 is connected with the water supply tank 21 to form a seepage circulation; the other way through the seepage sand box The drainage port 4 of the body 1 is connected to the water collection tank 33 through the water discharge pipe 30, and the water collection tank 33 is connected to the water supply tank 21 through the water collection tank suction pipe 31, the water collection tank suction pump 32, and the water collection tank drainage pipe 26 to form a seepage circulation.

In order to facilitate the monitoring and research of the water volume, the water supply circulation system is provided with a water volume monitoring system, and the water volume monitoring system consists of a water supply flowmeter 18 , a water outlet flowmeter 15 , a drain flowmeter 29 , a data acquisition device 44 and a computer 45 The water supply port flowmeter 18, the water outlet flowmeter 15, and the drain port flowmeter 29 are respectively connected to the data acquisition device 44, the data acquisition device 44 is connected to the computer 45, the data acquisition device 44 transmits data to the computer 45, and the water supply port flowmeter 18 Installed on the water supply pipe 25 , the water outlet flowmeter 15 is installed on the water outlet water pipe 16 , and the drain outlet flowmeter 29 is installed on the water discharge pipe 30 . The above-mentioned data collection device 44 is in the prior art, and details are not described herein again.

Wherein, in the described water quantity monitoring system, the water supply outlet flowmeter 18 monitors the total water supply quantity Q _supply during the seepage test of the water supply tank 21, the water outlet flowmeter 15 monitors the outflow water quantity Q _out of the pressure stabilization tank 12 during the pressure stabilization process, and the water outlet flow rate The meter 29 is used to monitor the drainage water quantity Q of _the seepage sand box 1 during the drainage test. During the drainage test, the dynamic supply of the pressure stabilization tank 12 to the seepage sand box 1 is Q _dynamic = Q _supply - Q _output , unstable In the seepage stage, the drainage water volume Q _release includes dynamic supply Q _dynamic and static reserve supply Q _static , Q _static = Q _release - Q _dynamic = Q _release - Q _supply + Q _output , the flow monitoring system of the device can monitor the unsteady seepage in real time. The amount of dynamic and static reserve replenishment in the stage;

The test method for the seepage test model device of the drainage well at the bottom of the aquifer includes the following steps:

(1) Installation of the seepage test model device for the drainage well at the bottom of the aquifer:

As shown in Figure 1, the water supply circulation system is connected to the seepage sand box 1, the well pipe 3 is wrapped with stainless steel fine wire mesh, and the well pipe 3 is clipped to the seepage sand box 1 through the dredging well slot 8, and the well cover 2 is placed on the On the well pipe 3, the sand body protection plate 7 is wrapped with a stainless steel filter screen, and the sand body protection plate slot 9 is clamped to the seepage sand box 1;

(2) Installation of water level monitoring system and sand filling:

Fix the water level monitoring tube integrated plate 35 on the front side plate 42 of the seepage sand box 1, and wrap the water level detection ends of the water level monitoring tube 47 with stainless steel filters to prevent the entry of fine sand particles, and monitor the water level of the bottom layer. The water level detection end of the pipe 47 is placed at the preset water level monitoring point in the seepage sand box 1, that is, the water level monitoring point 46 arranged along the bisector of the bottom plate corner of the seepage sand box 1, as shown in FIG. For the washed sand body, keep the position of the water level monitoring pipe 47 unchanged when filling the sand body. After filling the first layer of sand body, bury the second layer of water level monitoring pipe 47 and fill the sand body again, and repeat the above steps until the predetermined seepage flow. The thickness of the sand body, the other ends of all the water level monitoring pipes 47 are connected to the water level monitoring pipe integrated plate 35 through the front side plate 42;

For the confined aquifer test, after the sand body filling is completed, cover the movable sealing cover 10 and block the permeable holes located above the movable sealing cover 10 on the inner side wall of the pressure stabilization tank 12. For the unconfined aquifer, it is not necessary to add a cover Movable sealing cover 10;

(3) Sand body saturation consolidation process:

When starting the test for the first time, place the water supply tank 21 at a certain distance higher than the seepage sand box 1, close the water supply valve 19, the saturation valve 20, and the drain water valve 28, and use an external water source to fill the water supply tank 21 with water until it reaches the water collection tank 33. The water meets the total water consumption of the seepage circulation, or the water collection tank is replenished by the external water source again later as needed, and the saturation valve 20 is opened, and the water enters from the saturated water inlet 34 at the bottom of the seepage sand box 1, and gradually fills the sand body to make the air in the sand body. Gradually discharge upward, and then the external water source continues to supply water to the water supply tank 21, observe the water level of the water supply tank 21 and adjust the water supply volume of the external water source to keep the water level of the water collection tank 33 at 1/2 to 3/4 of the height of the water collection tank; through the water level The monitoring tube integrated board 35 observes the water level in the seepage sand box 1. When the water level reaches the predetermined water level, the saturation valve 20 is closed, and the drainage valve 28 and the water supply valve 19 are opened. Turn off the external water source, turn on the water collection tank pump 32, and observe the water level of the transfer tank 36. When the water level of the transfer tank 36 exceeds 1/2 of the capacity, turn on the transfer tank pump 23 and maintain the seepage state for more than 60 minutes to stabilize the sand in the seepage zone. The air in the body is fully discharged; close the drain valve 28, the water supply valve 19, the water collection tank pump 32 and the transfer tank pump 23, open the saturation valve 20 at the same time, and re-saturate to the predetermined water level, close the saturation valve 20, and open the drain valve 28, The water supply valve 19, the water collection tank pump 32 and the transfer tank pump 23 maintain the seepage state for more than 60 minutes;

Repeat the above saturation process 4-5 times to fully discharge the air in the sand body of the seepage sand box 1, and complete the compaction and consolidation of the sand body, so as to make the permeability parameters of the sand body uniform and stable. At this time, close the drainage valve 28 and the saturation valve. 20. The water collection tank water pump 32, open the water supply valve 19, the transfer box water pump 23, and keep the boundary water level in the pressure stabilization tank 12 stable;

(4) The seepage process of dredging water:

Check whether there are air bubbles in each water level monitoring pipe 47, and whether the position of each water level monitoring point is abnormal, check and ensure that the water supply valve 19 is open, the saturation valve 20 is closed, and the boundary water level in the pressure stabilization tank 12 is kept stable and placed. The digital camera 27, the digital camera 27 starts to record the water level on the water level monitoring tube integrated board 35, the water supply port flowmeter 18, the water outlet flowmeter 15 and the drain port flowmeter 29 start to collect data, open the drain water valve 28, and the water collection tank pumping pump 32. Keep the water supply circulating system circulating water supply. When the water volume at the drain outlet flowmeter 29 is stable and the water level of each water level monitoring tube 47 displayed on the water level monitoring tube integrated board 35 is stable, close the drainage water valve 28 and monitor the seepage sand box. The water level recovery process of each water level monitoring point in 1 and the boundary replenishment water volume, when the water level of each water level monitoring point is fully recovered, close the water supply valve 19, the transfer box pump 23, the digital camera 27, each flowmeter and the flowmeter data acquisition device 44. Stop the test;

(5) Replacing the seepage well pipe

Check and make sure that the water supply valve 19 and the saturation valve 20 are closed, open the drain valve 28 and the water collection tank pump 32, and drain the water in the seepage sand box 1. When there is only a small amount of or almost no water seepage at the drain port 4 When it comes out, turn off the water collection tank pump 32, put a large-diameter container under the dismantling insert plate 6, pull out the dismantling insert plate 6, the sand body inside the sand body protection plate 7 will flow into the container, and the seepage well pipe is removed in sections. 3 and manhole cover 2, clean the residual sand body inside the sand body protection plate 7; insert and remove the insert plate 6, install new seepage well pipes 3 and manhole cover 2 in sections, and refill the sand body flowing out from the inner side of the sand body protection plate 7 to the new one. In the space around the well pipe 3 and the well cover 2, the water level monitoring pipe 47 on the inner side of the sand body protection plate 7 is laid in layers in the process of filling the sand body until the filling amount is equal to the sand body outside the sand body protection plate 7. the replacement is over;

(6) Re-saturated sand bodies

After replacing the new well pipe, when the sand body is saturated again, use the saturation method of step (3) to re-saturate the seepage sand body, and repeat the saturation of the sand body 2-3 times. No abnormality;

(7) Repeated seepage test

After replacing the new well pipe, the seepage test can be carried out according to the method of step (4). After the seepage test, continue to replace the well pipe according to the method of step (5), and then re-saturate the sand body according to step (6), and repeat in sequence. Step (5), step (6) and step (4) carry out several groups of seepage tests.

The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, some changes and improvements can be made without departing from the overall concept of the present invention, and these should also be regarded as the present invention. the scope of protection, these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent.

Claims (10)

1. A seepage test model device for a drainage well at the bottom of an aquifer, characterized in that: it comprises a fan-shaped, hollow seepage sand box (1) with only an upper end opening, and the seepage sand box (1) is filled with sand bodies, and seepage flow. The sand box body (1) is provided with a water level monitoring system. The seepage sand box body (1) includes a front side plate (42), a rear side plate (41) and an arc outer side plate (40). The seepage sand box body (1) The edge is provided with a pressure stabilization groove (12) along its circular arc outer plate (40), and at least two groups of water inlets (13) and water outlets with different heights are arranged on the circular arc outer plate (40) of the pressure stabilization groove (12). (14), a number of permeable holes are opened on the arc inner plate (39) of the pressure stabilization tank (12), and a fan-shaped drainage well is arranged in the seepage sand box (1) near the center of the circle, and the bottom of the drainage well is provided with There is a drainage water port (4), and a saturated water inlet (34) is provided on the bottom surface of the seepage sand box (1), the drainage water inlet (4), the saturated water inlet (34), the water inlet (13) and the The water outlets (14) are respectively connected with a water supply circulation system. 2 . The seepage test model device for a drainage well at the bottom of an aquifer according to claim 1 , wherein the drainage well comprises a well pipe (3), and the wall of the well pipe (3) is provided with permeable holes, and the A drainage well slot (8) is respectively provided on the inner side walls of the front side plate (42) and the rear side plate (41) near the center of the seepage sand box (1), and the well pipe (3) is inserted into the drainage well. The slot (8) is clamped on the seepage sand box (1), and a well cover (2) is placed on the top of the drainage well; the well pipe (3) is composed of multiple sub-pipes, and the arc-shaped The length is consistent with the arc length of the well pipe (3). 3. The seepage test model device for drainage wells at the bottom of the aquifer according to claim 2, characterized in that: the bottom of the well pipe (3) is provided with a horizontal dismantling plate (6) for supporting the well pipe (3). , the bottom of the seepage sand box (1) is provided with a disassembly slot (5) near the center of the circle, and one end of the disassembly insert plate (6) is fixed on the seepage sand box (1) by inserting it into the disassembly slot (5). ), the drainage port (4) is arranged on the dismantling insert plate (6), the well pipe (3) and the manhole cover (2), the front side plate (42), the rear side plate (41), the dismantling insert plate ( 6) A fan-shaped drainage well is formed, and the overall size of the dismantling insert (6) is larger than the cross-sectional dimension of the largest drainage well to be studied. 4. The seepage test model device for drainage wells at the bottom of aquifers according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the inner side walls of the front side plate (42) and the rear side plate (41) are close to the seepage sand box ( 1) There are sand body protection plate slots (9) at the center of the circle, the sand body protection plate slots (9) are located on the side of the drainage well slot (8) away from the center of the circle, and the sand body protection plate slots (9) ) is clamped with a sand body protection plate (7), and the distance between the sand body protection plate (7) and the center of the seepage sand box (1) is greater than the radius of the largest drainage well to be studied. 5 . The seepage test model device for drainage wells at the bottom of the aquifer according to claim 1 , wherein a movable sealing cover ( 10 ) is provided on the upper part of the seepage sand box ( 1 ). The size of the outer contour is consistent with the size of the inner contour of the seepage sand box (1), and the edge of the movable sealing cover (10) is bonded with a rubber sealing strip; a wheel (11) is installed on the bottom surface of the seepage sand box (1). 6. The seepage test model device for drainage wells at the bottom of aquifers according to claim 1, wherein the water level monitoring system comprises a water level monitoring tube integrated board (35) and several water level monitoring tubes (47). The outside of the integrated board (35) is provided with a digital camera (27) for synchronously monitoring the water level change of the water level monitoring pipe (47) in real time. (47) According to the layout of the water level monitoring points, it is buried in layers in the seepage sand box (1). ) integrated on the water level monitoring tube integrated board (35). 7 . The seepage test model device for drainage wells at the bottom of aquifers according to claim 6 , wherein the water level monitoring tube integrated plate ( 35 ) comprises an integrated plate body, and vertical intermediate plates are arranged on the integrated plate body at intervals. 8 . Empty pipe (43), the hollow pipe (43) is marked with a scale along the vertical direction, the number of the hollow pipe (43) is equal to or greater than the number of the water level monitoring pipe (47), the other end of the water level monitoring pipe (47) It communicates with the bottom of the hollow tube (43). 8. The seepage test model device for drainage wells at the bottom of aquifers according to claim 1, wherein the water supply circulation system comprises a water supply tank (21), a transfer tank (36) and a water collection tank (33), and the water supply tank (21) is connected with the collecting tank drain pipe (26), the collecting tank drain pipe (26) is connected with the collecting tank pumping pump (32), and the collecting tank pumping pump (32) is connected with the collecting tank pumping pipe (31), the collecting tank pumping The water pipe (31) is connected to the water collecting tank (33), the water supply tank (21) is also connected with a transfer tank drain pipe (22), and the transfer tank drain pipe (22) is connected with a transfer tank pumping pump (23), and the transfer tank pumping pump (23) A transfer box water pumping pipe (24) is connected, and the transfer box water pumping pipe (24) is connected to the transfer box (36); The water supply tank (21) is connected with a water supply pipe (25) and a saturated water pipe (17), the water supply pipe (25) is communicated with the water inlet (13), and a water supply valve (19) is installed on the water supply pipe (25). The water pipe (17) is communicated with the saturated water inlet (34), and a saturated valve (20) is installed on the saturated water pipe (17); the transfer box (36) is connected with a water outlet water pipe (16), and a water outlet water pipe (16) communicated with the water outlet (14); the water collecting tank (33) is connected with a water discharge pipe (30), the water discharge pipe (30) is communicated with the water discharge port (4), and a water discharge valve is installed on the water discharge pipe (30). (28). 9. The seepage test model device for drainage wells at the bottom of the aquifer according to claim 7, characterized in that: the water supply circulation system is provided with a water quantity monitoring system, and the water quantity monitoring system consists of a water supply outlet flowmeter (18), a water outlet The flowmeter (15), the drain flowmeter (29), the data acquisition device (44) and the computer (45) are composed of the water supply flowmeter (18), the water outlet flowmeter (15), and the drain flowmeter (29) The data acquisition device (44) is respectively connected, the data acquisition device (44) is connected to the computer (45), the water supply outlet flowmeter (18) is installed on the water supply pipe (25), and the water outlet flowmeter (15) is installed on the water outlet water pipe ( 16), the drain port flowmeter (29) is installed on the drain pipe (30). 10. The model device for the seepage test of the drainage well at the bottom of the aquifer according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drainage well slot (8) is along the diameter of the front side plate (42) and the rear side plate (41) To separate interval settings.