CN110042272B - High-conductivity high-strength CuFeNb-series elastic copper alloy and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy. In terms of weight percentage, the CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 0.5-30.0%, Nb 0.05-5%, Co 0.05-2.0% , Ag 0.05-2%, Mg 0.1-0.5%, Cr 0.1-0.5%, B 0.1-0.5%, P 0.1-0.5%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities. The CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy has reasonable alloy composition, uniform distribution of strengthening phase, high volume fraction, high strength, high plasticity and high electrical conductivity of the alloy. The invention also provides a powder metallurgy method and a melting and casting method for preparing the elastic copper alloy. These preparation methods have short technological process, simple operation, low production cost and are suitable for industrial production.

Description

A kind of high conductivity and high strength CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy and preparation method thereof

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-strength and high-conductivity copper alloys, and in particular relates to a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

Elastic copper alloy is a key material for conductive elastic devices. When it is used in ships, aerospace, electrical and electronics, machine instruments, automobile industry, rail transit, marine transportation and other fields, it requires high performance. Since the solubility of Fe in copper is very low, the added Fe generally exists in the Cu matrix in the form of Fe particles. Therefore, traditional high-strength and high-conductivity Cu-Fe alloys usually adopt low-alloying, which can add Fe elements and other Due to the limited alloying elements, the prepared alloy has low density, low volume fraction, and large size of the strengthening phase, and the mechanical properties of the alloy are limited. It affects the mechanical properties of alloys after deformation heat treatment.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies and defects mentioned in the above background technology, and provide a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb based elastic copper alloy and a preparation method thereof.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme proposed by the present invention is:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 0.5-30.0%, Nb 0.05-5%, Co 0.05-2.0% , Ag0.05-2%, Mg 0.1-0.5%, Cr 0.1-0.5%, B 0.1-0.5%, P 0.1-0.5%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

In the above-mentioned high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy, preferably, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 10-15.0%, Nb 1-2%, Co 1.0 -1.5%, Ag 0.5-0.6%, Mg 0.1-0.2%, Cr 0.1-0.2%, B 0.1-0.2%, P 0.1-0.2%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

In the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, the Fe precipitation phase is uniformly distributed in submicron level in the copper matrix, and Nb, Co, Ag, Mg, Cr, B and P are mainly distributed as solute atoms or nano-particles.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy, namely a powder metallurgy method, comprising the following steps:

(1) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of the element composition, melt the copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, silver source, magnesium source, chromium source, boron source and phosphorus source respectively and mix them uniformly, and then mix the alloy melt with The copper alloy powder is obtained by pulverizing by gas atomization, and then the graded CuFeNb alloy powder is obtained after drying and sieving;

(2) pressing the CuFeNb alloy powder after step (1) into a powder compact, and then sintering in a reducing atmosphere to obtain a sintered compact;

(3) subjecting the sintered blank after step (2) to hot extrusion and cold wire drawing to obtain a wire;

(4) subjecting the wire after step (3) to aging treatment to obtain the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, in the step (1), the gas atomization method is carried out under an inert atmosphere, the gas flow rate is controlled to be 0.25-0.3 m ³ /s, the gas pressure is 0.6-5 MPa, and the temperature of the atomized melt is 0.25-0.3 m 3 /s. For 1300-1500 ℃. More preferably, the inert atmosphere is nitrogen and/or argon atmosphere. The powder metallurgy method of the present invention adopts the gas atomization method to prepare the alloy powder. Due to the rapid cooling rate of the alloy droplets, the iron in the obtained alloy powder is in a supersaturated solid solution state in the copper matrix, and is uniformly dispersed in the submicron level, which can avoid In the traditional casting process, the macro-segregation of iron causes the alloy to be difficult to process and the mechanical properties of the alloy are low due to the coarse iron phase.

In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (2), the pressure of pressing into a powder compact is 50-400MPa, the sintering temperature is 1050-1300°C, and the sintering time is 1-4h.

In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (3), the hot extrusion temperature is 850-900° C., the extrusion ratio is ≥10; the cold drawing process is performed at room temperature, and the total strain amount is 4-10. After hot extrusion and cold wire drawing, the copper matrix and the fine iron phase can be plastically deformed into fibers from the original equiaxed grains in the sintered state, which is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of the wire. The obtained alloy is suitable for various High-strength wiring, EDM and other applications.

In the powder metallurgy method of the present invention, the precipitation phase and the matrix in the alloy are fibrillated due to the hot extrusion and cold wire drawing deformation, and finally the strength and plasticity of the alloy can be improved at the same time.

In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (4), the temperature of the aging treatment is 300°C-500°C, and the time is 0.5-8 hours. After the aging treatment, the supersaturated solid solution element Fe in the alloy matrix can be precipitated from the matrix, and the dislocation density is reduced, which is beneficial to improve the electrical conductivity of the alloy.

In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (2), the reducing atmosphere is at least one of hydrogen, decomposed ammonia, and carbon monoxide atmosphere. Sintering in a reducing atmosphere can reduce the oxygen on the surface of the powder particles during the heating process, reducing the oxygen content of the product, which is beneficial to improve the processing performance and electrical conductivity of the final product.

The powder metallurgy method for preparing high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb of the present invention has the synergistic effect and mutual cooperation of various steps, the grain size of the obtained alloy structure is small, and there is almost no segregation in the alloy. Compared with the traditional process for preparing elastic copper alloy, the It has the characteristics of energy saving and consumption reduction, lower production cost and simpler process, which is more suitable for industrial production, and the performance indicators of the obtained products are better. product market competitiveness.

As a general inventive concept, the present invention also provides another method for preparing the above-mentioned high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy, namely a melting and casting method, comprising the following steps:

(a) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of elemental composition, first put copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source into a heating furnace to melt, then add silver source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source, melt Alloy melt is formed after homogenization;

(b) continuously casting the alloy melt after the step (a) into a slab to obtain an ingot slab;

(c) hot-rolling the ingot slab after step (b) after thermal insulation to obtain a hot-rolled sheet;

(d) pickling the hot-rolled sheet after step (c), and then carrying out solution treatment;

(e) pickling the plate after step (d), and then cold rolling;

(f) pickling the plate after step (e), and then carrying out aging treatment;

(g) performing low-temperature annealing treatment on the plate after step (f) to obtain the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

In the above-mentioned preparation method, preferably, in the step (a), the copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, and chromium source are first put into a heating furnace to be melted, and the melting temperature is controlled to be 1300-1500° C. After complete melting, the temperature is lowered to 1200-1250°C, and then silver source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source are added, and the alloy melt is formed after uniform melting.

In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (d), the temperature of the solution treatment is 850-950°C, and the time is 2-10h;

In the step (f), the temperature of the aging treatment is 300-500°C, and the time is 0.5-12h;

In the step (g), the temperature of the annealing treatment is 200-300° C., and the time is 0.5-4 h.

In the above preparation method, preferably, in the step (b), the temperature of continuous casting is 1050-1250°C, the casting speed is 0.5-5.0m/h, and the cooling water pressure is 0.05-0.20MPa; the step (c) ), the holding temperature is 800-950° C., the holding time is 1-2 h, and the rolling deformation of hot rolling is 60-90%; in the step (e), the rolling deformation of cold rolling is 30-80 %.

In the melting and casting method for preparing high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb of the present invention, the precipitation phase and the matrix in the alloy are nanosized due to the aging and cold rolling deformation treatment after the solution treatment, so that the strength and plasticity of the alloy can be improved at the same time.

According to the technical scheme of the present invention, by rationally designing alloy components and their contents, the alloy mainly includes main alloying elements such as Fe, Nb, Co, Cr, and Ag, wherein Nb and Fe can precipitate Fe ₂ Nb particles, and Fe, Co, Cr and Ag can also form nano-scale precipitation phase particles, so that multi-component coordination strengthening strengthening phases occupying different volume fractions can be precipitated inside the alloy. At the same time, trace amounts of Mg, B, and P can form solute atoms, which play a better solid solution. Strengthening effect.

The technical scheme of the present invention increases the supersaturation degree of solute atoms during the deformation heat treatment of the alloy by reasonably setting the process steps and optimizing the process parameters. At the same time, due to the addition of Mg to form replacement atoms, the lattice is greatly distorted, which strengthens the alloy and improves the stress relaxation resistance of the alloy. The addition of Nb, Co, Cr, and Ag elements increases the content of Fe phase, Nb phase, Fe ₂ Nb phase, Co phase, Cr phase, and Ag phase, which play a major role in strengthening the alloy, thereby significantly increasing the strength of the alloy. Since the elements in the supersaturated solid solution can be precipitated through aging to form a precipitation phase, the copper matrix can be purified, thereby reducing the obstacle to the movement of electrons, the resistance of the alloy is small, and the electrical conductivity is improved. High conductivity and high strength CuFeNb elastic copper alloy with good stress relaxation performance and high toughness.

Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

(1) The high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention has reasonable alloy composition, uniform distribution of strengthening phases in the alloy, high volume fraction, high strength, high plasticity and high electrical conductivity of the alloy, and its electrical conductivity is 35-80 %IACS, tensile strength is 500-1250MPa, elongation is 3-6%.

(2) The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention has the advantages of short technological process, simple operation and low production cost, and is suitable for industrial production.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the metallographic photograph of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy prepared by powder metallurgy in Example 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the metallographic photograph of the side section of the obtained plate after step (e) in the process of adopting the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy prepared by melting and casting in Example 8 of the present invention;

3 is a metallographic photograph of the CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy prepared by the melting and casting method in Example 8 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to facilitate understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described more comprehensively and in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments of the specification, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used hereinafter have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The technical terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or can be prepared by existing methods.

Example 1:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 5.0%, Nb 2.0%, Co 0.1%, Ag 0.2% , Mg0.1%, Cr 0.1%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(1) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of elemental composition, mix copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, silver source, magnesium source, chromium source, boron source and phosphorus source uniformly, and then adopt gas atomization method to mix powder The alloy melt is formed by uniform melting, and then the alloy powder is obtained after drying and sieving; the gas atomization method is carried out in an argon atmosphere, the gas flow rate is 0.25m ³ /s, the gas pressure is 0.8MPa, and the atomization melt temperature is 1300℃;

(2) pressing the alloy powder after step (1) into a powder compact under a pressure of 300 MPa, and then sintering it under hydrogen at a sintering temperature of 1080° C. and a sintering time of 2 hours to obtain a sintered compact;

(3) The sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold wire drawing treatment, the hot extrusion temperature is 850°C, and the extrusion ratio is 10:1; the cold wire drawing treatment is carried out at room temperature, and the total strain is is 4, and the wire is obtained;

(4) subjecting the wire after step (3) to an aging treatment at a temperature of 400° C. and a time of 6 hours to obtain a CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy with high electrical conductivity and high strength. The metallographic photograph of the CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy is shown in FIG. 1 , and it can be seen from the figure that the structure of the alloy prepared by the powder metallurgy method of the present invention is uniform and fine, and has no segregation.

Example 2:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 10.0%, Nb 3%, Co 0.2%, Ag 0.1% , Mg0.2%, Cr 0.14%, B 0.1%, P 0.5%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(1) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of elemental composition, mix copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, silver source, magnesium source, chromium source, boron source and phosphorus source uniformly, and then adopt gas atomization method to mix powder Melt to form alloy melt, then dry and sieve to obtain alloy powder; gas atomization method is carried out in nitrogen or argon atmosphere, gas flow rate is 0.3m ³ /s, gas pressure is 0.7MPa, atomized melt The temperature is 1400℃;

(2) pressing the alloy powder after step (1) into a powder compact under a pressure of 350 MPa, and then sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere at a sintering temperature of 1150° C. and a sintering time of 3 hours to obtain a sintered compact;

(3) The sintered billet after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold wire drawing treatment, the hot extrusion temperature is 880°C, and the extrusion ratio is 15:1; the cold wire drawing treatment is carried out at room temperature, and the total strain is is 6, to obtain filament;

(4) subjecting the wire after step (3) to an aging treatment at a temperature of 450° C. and a time of 4 hours to obtain a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

Example 3:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 12.0%, Nb 1.5%, Co 1.2%, Ag 0.5% , Mg 0.2%, Cr 0.15%, B 0.15%, P 0.15%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(1) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of elemental composition, mix copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, silver source, magnesium source, chromium source, boron source and phosphorus source uniformly, and then adopt gas atomization method to mix powder Melt to form alloy melt, then dry and sieve to obtain alloy powder; gas atomization method is carried out in nitrogen or argon atmosphere, gas flow rate is 0.3m ³ /s, gas pressure is 4MPa, and the temperature of atomized melt is is 1450℃;

(2) Pressing the alloy powder after step (1) into a powder compact under a pressure of 350 MPa, and then sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering temperature is 1250° C., and the sintering time is 2 hours to obtain a sintered compact;

(3) The sintered billet after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold wire drawing treatment, the hot extrusion temperature is 900°C, and the extrusion ratio is 10:1; the cold wire drawing treatment is carried out at room temperature, and the total strain is is 4, and the wire is obtained;

(4) subjecting the wire after step (3) to an aging treatment at a temperature of 500° C. and a time of 8 hours to obtain a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy. The metallographic photograph of the CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy is shown in Figure 1. It can be seen from the figure that the alloy prepared by the powder metallurgy method has a uniform structure and composition, and the Fe phase is uniformly and finely distributed in the copper matrix.

Example 4:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 30.0%, Nb 5.0%, Co 2.0%, Ag 0.1% , Mg 0.2%, Cr 0.5%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(1) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of elemental composition, mix copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, silver source, magnesium source, chromium source, boron source and phosphorus source uniformly, and then adopt gas atomization method to mix powder Melt to form an alloy melt, and then dry and sieve to obtain alloy powder; the gas atomization method is carried out in a nitrogen or argon atmosphere, the gas flow rate is 0.3m ³ /s, the gas pressure is 5MPa, and the temperature of the atomized melt is is 1500℃;

(2) Pressing the alloy powder after step (1) into a powder compact under a pressure of 400 MPa, and then sintering in a hydrogen atmosphere, the sintering temperature is 1300° C., and the sintering time is 4 hours to obtain a sintered compact;

(3) The sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and cold wire drawing treatment, the hot extrusion temperature is 880°C, and the extrusion ratio is 12:1; the cold wire drawing treatment is carried out at room temperature, and the total strain is is 4, and the wire is obtained;

(4) subjecting the wire after step (3) to an aging treatment at a temperature of 500° C. and a time of 8 hours to obtain a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

Example 5:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 0.5%, Nb 0.5%, Co 0.1%, Ag 0.2% , Mg0.1%, Cr 0.1%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of the element composition, first put the copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, and chromium source into a heating furnace for melting, the melting temperature is 1300 ℃, after it is completely melted, it is cooled to 1250 ℃ , and then add silver source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source to form an alloy melt after melting;

(b) Continuously casting the alloy melt after step (a) into slabs on a continuous casting machine, controlling the casting temperature to be 1250° C., the casting speed to be 2.0 m/h, and the cooling water pressure to be 0.10 MPa to obtain ingot slabs ;

(c) heating the ingot slab after step (b) to 850° C. and holding the temperature for 1 hour, and then performing hot rolling after holding the temperature, and the rolling deformation is 60% to obtain a hot-rolled sheet;

(d) pickling the hot-rolled sheet after step (c), and then performing solution treatment, the temperature of solution treatment is 850°C, and the time is 2h;

(e) pickling the plate after step (d), then cold rolling, and the rolling deformation is 80%;

(f) pickling the plate after step (e), and then carrying out an aging treatment, the temperature of the aging treatment is 400°C, and the time is 4h;

(g) low-temperature annealing treatment is performed on the plate after step (f), and the annealing treatment temperature is 250° C. and the time is 0.5 h to obtain a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

Example 6:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 1.0%, Nb 1.0%, Co 0.2%, Ag 0.2% , Mg0.1%, Cr 0.1%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of the element composition, first put the copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, and chromium source into a heating furnace for melting, the melting temperature is 1350 ℃, after it is completely melted, the temperature is lowered to 1200 ℃ , and then add silver source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source to form an alloy melt after melting;

(b) Continuously casting the alloy melt after step (a) into slabs on a continuous casting machine, controlling the casting temperature to be 1150° C., the casting speed to be 2.5m/h, and the cooling water pressure to be 0.15MPa to obtain ingot slabs ;

(c) heating the ingot slab after step (b) to 880° C. and holding the temperature for 2 hours, and then performing hot rolling after holding the temperature, and the rolling deformation is 80% to obtain a hot-rolled sheet;

(d) pickling the hot-rolled sheet after step (c), and then performing solution treatment, the temperature of solution treatment is 900°C, and the time is 4h;

(e) pickling the plate after step (d), then cold rolling, and the rolling deformation is 50%;

(f) pickling the plate after step (e), and then carrying out aging treatment, the temperature of the aging treatment is 350°C, and the time is 12h;

(g) low-temperature annealing treatment is performed on the plate after step (f), the annealing treatment temperature is 200° C. and the time is 4 h, to obtain a CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy with high conductivity and high strength.

Example 7:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 12.5%, Nb 1.5%, Co 1.2%, Ag 0.5% , Mg 0.15%, Cr 0.15%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of elemental composition, first put the copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, and chromium source into a heating furnace for melting, the melting temperature is 1400 ℃, after it is completely melted, the temperature is lowered to 1200 ℃ , and then add silver source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source to form an alloy melt after melting;

(b) Continuously casting the alloy melt after step (a) into slabs on a continuous casting machine, controlling the casting temperature to be 1250° C., the casting speed to be 0.8 m/h, and the cooling water pressure to be 0.15 MPa to obtain ingot slabs ;

(c) heating the ingot slab after step (b) to 920° C. and holding the temperature for 2 hours, and performing hot rolling after holding the temperature, and the rolling deformation is 80% to obtain a hot-rolled sheet;

(d) pickling the hot-rolled sheet after step (c), and then performing solution treatment, the temperature of solution treatment is 950°C, and the time is 4h;

(e) pickling the plate after step (d), then cold rolling, and the rolling deformation is 50%;

(f) pickling the plate after step (e), and then carrying out aging treatment, the temperature of the aging treatment is 450°C, and the time is 10h;

(g) low-temperature annealing treatment is performed on the plate after step (f), and the annealing temperature is 200° C. and the time is 2 h to obtain a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

Example 8:

A high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present invention, in terms of weight percentage, the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy includes the following components: Fe 10%, Nb 5.0%, Co 0.3%, Ag 0.2% , Mg 0.15%, Cr 0.15%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy of the present embodiment includes the following steps:

(a) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of the element composition, first put the copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, and chromium source into a heating furnace for melting, the melting temperature is 1500 ℃, after it is completely melted, the temperature is lowered to 1250 ℃ , and then add silver source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source to form an alloy melt after melting;

(b) Continuously casting the alloy melt after step (a) into slabs on a continuous casting machine, controlling the casting temperature to be 1250° C., the casting speed to be 1.0 m/h, and the cooling water pressure to be 0.05 MPa to obtain ingot slabs ;

(c) heating the ingot slab after step (b) to 950° C. and holding the temperature for 2 hours, and then performing hot rolling after holding the temperature, and the rolling deformation is 90% to obtain a hot-rolled sheet;

(d) pickling the hot-rolled sheet after step (c), and then performing solution treatment, the temperature of solution treatment is 950°C, and the time is 10h;

(e) Pickling the plate after step (d), and then cold rolling, the rolling deformation is 30%; the metallographic photograph of the side section of the plate after cold rolling is shown in Figure 2. After deformation, Fe fibers become slender, which is conducive to strengthening the alloy;

(f) pickling the plate after step (e), and then carrying out aging treatment, the temperature of the aging treatment is 500°C, and the time is 0.5h;

(g) low-temperature annealing treatment is performed on the plate after step (f), the annealing treatment temperature is 300° C. and the time is 0.5 h, to obtain a high-conductivity and high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy. The metallographic photograph of the CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy is shown in Figure 3. It can be seen from the figure that the microstructure of the alloy prepared by the melting and casting method of the present invention is densely bonded, and the structure is uniform and fine except for a small amount of large Fe particles.

Comparative Example 1:

A CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, in terms of weight percentage, the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 10.0%, Nb 3%, Co 0.2%, Ag 0.1%, Mg 0.2%, Cr 0.14%, B 0.1%, P 0.5%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present comparative example comprises the following steps:

(1) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of elemental composition, mix copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, silver source, magnesium source, chromium source, boron source and phosphorus source uniformly, and then adopt gas atomization method to mix powder The alloy melt is formed by uniform melting, and then the alloy powder is obtained after drying and sieving; the gas atomization method is carried out in an argon atmosphere, the gas flow rate is 0.3m ³ /s, the gas pressure is 0.1MPa, and the atomization melt temperature is 1200℃;

(2) pressing the alloy powder after step (1) into a powder compact under a pressure of 250 MPa, and then sintering it under hydrogen at a sintering temperature of 1100° C. and a sintering time of 2 hours to obtain a sintered compact;

(3) The sintered blank after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and wire drawing treatment, the hot extrusion temperature is 800-900 ° C, and the extrusion ratio is 5:1; the wire drawing treatment is carried out at room temperature, and the total strain amount is 4 , get the wire;

(4) subjecting the wire after step (3) to an aging treatment at a temperature of 450° C. and a time of 6 hours to obtain a CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

Comparative Example 2:

A CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, in weight percentage, the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 30.0%, Nb 5.0%; the rest is Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present comparative example comprises the following steps:

(1) prepare materials according to the weight percentage of the element composition, mix the copper source, the iron source and the niobium source uniformly, then adopt the gas atomization method to melt the mixed powder to form an alloy melt, and then obtain the alloy powder after drying and sieving; The gas atomization method is carried out under nitrogen or argon atmosphere, the gas flow rate is 0.3m ³ /s, the gas pressure is 5MPa, and the atomization melt temperature is 1500℃;

(2) Pressing the alloy powder after step (1) into a powder compact under a pressure of 400 MPa, and then sintering in a reducing atmosphere, the sintering temperature is 1300° C., and the sintering time is 4 hours to obtain a sintered compact;

(3) The sintered billet after step (2) is subjected to hot extrusion and wire drawing treatment, the hot extrusion temperature is 920° C., and the extrusion ratio is 8:1; the wire drawing treatment is carried out at room temperature, and the total strain is 4 to obtain wire;

(4) aging the wire after step (3), the temperature of the aging treatment is 500° C. and the time is 8 hours to obtain a CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

Comparative Example 3:

A CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, in terms of weight percentage, the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 1.0%, Nb 1.0%, Co 0.2%, Ag 0.2%, Mg 0.1%, Cr 0.1%, B 0.1%, P 0.1%; the rest are Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present comparative example comprises the following steps:

(a) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of elemental composition, first put copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, chromium source, silver source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source into a heating furnace to melt, and the melting temperature is 1350 ℃, the alloy melt is formed after uniform melting;

(b) Continuously casting the alloy melt after step (a) into slabs on a continuous casting machine, controlling the casting temperature to be 1100° C., the casting speed to be 2.0 m/h, and the cooling water pressure to be 0.15 MPa to obtain ingot slabs ;

(c) heating the ingot slab after step (b) to 880° C. and holding the temperature for 2 hours, and then performing hot rolling after holding the temperature, and the rolling deformation is 40% to obtain a hot-rolled sheet;

(d) pickling the hot-rolled sheet after step (c), and then performing solution treatment, the temperature of solution treatment is 950°C, and the time is 4h;

(e) pickling the plate after step (d), then cold rolling, and the rolling deformation is 50%;

(f) pickling the plate after step (e), and then carrying out aging treatment, the temperature of the aging treatment is 450°C, and the time is 10h;

(g) low-temperature annealing treatment is performed on the plate after step (f), the annealing treatment temperature is 200° C., and the time is 4 h to obtain a CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

Comparative Example 4:

A CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy, in weight percentage, the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy contains the following components: Fe 10%, Nb 5.0%; the rest is Cu and inevitable impurities.

The preparation method of the CuFeNb series elastic copper alloy of the present comparative example comprises the following steps:

(a) Prepare materials according to the weight percentage of the element composition, first put the copper source, iron source, niobium source, cobalt source, and chromium source into a heating furnace for melting, the melting temperature is 1500 ℃, after it is completely melted, the temperature is lowered to 1250 ℃ , and then add silver source, magnesium source, boron source and phosphorus source to form an alloy melt after melting;

(b) Continuously casting the alloy melt after step (a) into slabs on a continuous casting machine, controlling the casting temperature to be 1250° C., the casting speed to be 1.0 m/h, and the cooling water pressure to be 0.05 MPa to obtain ingot slabs ;

(c) heating the ingot slab after step (b) to 950° C. and holding the temperature for 2 hours, and then performing hot rolling after holding the temperature, and the rolling deformation is 90% to obtain a hot-rolled sheet;

(d) pickling the hot-rolled sheet after step (c), and then performing solution treatment, the temperature of solution treatment is 950°C, and the time is 10h;

(e) pickling the plate after step (d), then cold rolling, and the rolling deformation is 30%;

(f) pickling the plate after step (e), and then carrying out aging treatment, the temperature of the aging treatment is 500°C, and the time is 0.5h;

(g) low-temperature annealing treatment is performed on the plate after step (f), and the annealing treatment temperature is 300° C. and the time is 0.5 h to obtain a CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy.

The properties of the alloys prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 were tested at room temperature, and the test results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 Properties of the alloys prepared in Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-4 of the present invention

It can be seen from Table 1 that, compared with Comparative Examples 1-3, the CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy prepared by the method of the present invention has a uniform structure, and has higher tensile strength and electrical conductivity.

Claims (4)

1. The high-conductivity high-strength CuFeNb elastic copper alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by weight: 10 to 15.0 percent of Fe, 1 to 2 percent of Nb, 1.0 to 1.5 percent of Co, 0.5 to 0.6 percent of Ags, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Mg, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of Cr, 0.1 to 0.2 percent of B and 0.1 to 0.2 percent of P; the balance of Cu and inevitable impurities;

the preparation method of the high-conductivity high-strength CuFeNb elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:

(1) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the element composition, respectively melting a copper source, an iron source, a niobium source, a cobalt source, a silver source, a magnesium source, a chromium source, a boron source and a phosphorus source, uniformly mixing, then preparing powder from an alloy melt by adopting a gas atomization method to obtain copper alloy powder, and drying and screening to obtain the graded CuFeNb alloy powder;

(2) pressing the CuFeNb alloy powder obtained in the step (1) into a powder pressed blank, and then sintering the powder pressed blank in a reducing atmosphere to obtain a sintered blank;

(3) carrying out hot extrusion and cold wire drawing treatment on the sintered blank obtained in the step (2) to obtain a wire material;

(4) carrying out aging treatment on the wire material obtained in the step (3) to obtain the high-conductivity high-strength CuFeNb elastic copper alloy;

in the step (2), the pressure for pressing the powder compact is 50-400MPa, the sintering temperature is 1050-;

in the step (3), the hot extrusion temperature is 850-900 ℃, and the extrusion ratio is more than or equal to 10; cold drawing is carried out at room temperature, and the total strain is 4-10;

in the step (4), the temperature of the aging treatment is 300-500 ℃, and the time is 0.5-8 hours;

the preparation method of the high-conductivity high-strength CuFeNb elastic copper alloy comprises the following steps:

(a) preparing materials according to the weight percentage of the elements, firstly putting a copper source, an iron source, a niobium source, a cobalt source and a chromium source into a heating furnace for melting, then adding a silver source, a magnesium source, a boron source and a phosphorus source, and forming an alloy melt after uniformly melting;

(b) continuously casting the alloy melt obtained in the step (a) into a plate blank to obtain an ingot casting plate blank;

(c) carrying out heat preservation on the ingot casting slab after the step (b), and then carrying out hot rolling to obtain a hot rolled plate;

(d) pickling the hot rolled plate after the step (c), and then carrying out solid solution treatment;

(e) pickling the plate obtained in the step (d), and then carrying out cold rolling;

(f) pickling the plate obtained in the step (e), and then carrying out aging treatment;

(g) carrying out low-temperature annealing treatment on the plate obtained in the step (f) to obtain the high-conductivity high-strength CuFeNb elastic copper alloy;

in the step (d), the temperature of the solution treatment is 850-950 ℃, and the time is 2-10 h;

in the step (f), the temperature of the aging treatment is 300-;

in the step (g), the temperature of the annealing treatment is 200-300 ℃, and the time is 0.5-4 h.

In the step (b), the temperature of continuous casting is 1050-;

in the step (c), the heat preservation temperature is 800-;

in the step (e), the rolling deformation of the cold rolling is 30-80%.

2. The high-conductivity high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the gas atomization is performed in an inert atmosphere, and the gas flow rate is controlled to be 0.25-0.3m³The gas pressure is 0.6-5MPa, and the temperature of the atomized melt is 1300-1500 ℃.

3. The highly conductive, high strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the reducing atmosphere is at least one of hydrogen, decomposed ammonia, and carbon monoxide.

4. The high-conductivity high-strength CuFeNb-based elastic copper alloy as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (a), the copper source, the iron source, the niobium source, the cobalt source and the chromium source are melted in a heating furnace, the melting temperature is controlled to be 1300-1500 ℃, after the copper source, the iron source, the niobium source, the cobalt source and the chromium source are completely melted, the temperature is reduced to 1200-1250 ℃, the silver source, the magnesium source, the boron source and the phosphorus source are added, and the alloy melt is formed after uniform melting.

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