CN1099950A - Method for producing concentrated black nightshade fruit juice - Google Patents

Abstract

The concentrated black nightshade fruit juice is made up through pretreating ripe black nightshade fruit, extruding, separation of juice from dregs; acidification of the juice, filtering and pressure-reducing concentration; or enzymatic hydrolysis, sterilization, acidification, filtering and pressure-reducing concentration; extracting the dregs with acidified alcohol 3-4 times, filtering and pressure-reducing concentration. It has high quality and yield and may be used as additive in medicine, sweets and beverage as it contains VA, VC, 17 amino acids and alkaloid glucoside.

Description

Method for producing concentrated black nightshade fruit juice

The present invention relates to a kind of production method of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice.

Black nightshade (English is Sotanum Nigruml) is a kind of wild herb, be commonly called as Soda-apple Night-shade Herb, night sky, bitter certain herbaceous plants with big flowers, annual, it is avette that blade is, and fruit is spherical in shape, and it is imperial pearl that berry is cyan when giving birth to, being purple when ripe is black nightshade, black nightshade all has distribution all over the world, minority black nightshade fruit is edible as a kind of wild draft fruitlet in China, and majority is then rotted.Black nightshade is a kind of still undeveloped wild resource.Concentrated black nightshade fruit juice water soluble, lovely luster (rose), good stability, meat perfume (or spice), mouthfeel be good, have cough-relieving, physiological action such as eliminate the phlegm.Can be used for industries such as beverage, candy, jelly, pharmacy, health beverages.

The domestic report of producing and developing concentrated black nightshade fruit juice product and production method that has is not seen through data such as worker 1987-1992, food additives handbooks in the complete works of 1987-1992 of Chinese science and technology achievement, national newspapers and periodicals index 1985-1992, Food Science 1986-1992, food industry 1987-1992, Chinese food information 1986-1992, food industry science and technology 1987-1992, the sloping wild economic plant magazine in southwest, Changbai Mountain, national new product 1987-1992, Jilin by retrieval.

The objective of the invention is: propose that a kind of method is simple, good product quality, yield height, can be used for the production method of the concentrated black nightshade fruit juice of industries such as food, medicine.

The production method of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice of the present invention, technology, scheme are as follows, with the black nightshade fresh fruit of maturation through screening, washing, pressing juice or pulverizing centrifugation to get thick black nightshade Normal juice can adopt two kinds of methods to handle, a kind of method is with hydrochloric acid or the thick juice of citric acid acidifying, gets supernatant behind the quiescent settling, gets the Normal juice of PH1-4; Second method is to add the pectase hydrolysis in thick Normal juice, high-temperature sterilization, cooling, sedimentation is got supernatant with hydrochloric acid or citric acid acidifying, the Normal juice of PH1-4.

Pomace is leached four times with the edible ethanol of high concentration, merges first and second time immersion liquid, filtration, gets the ethanol immersion liquid of PH1-4, and third and fourth time immersion liquid is as the leaching liquor of criticizing pomace down.

The Normal juice of above-mentioned PH1-4, the ethanol immersion liquid of PH1-4 is reduced pressure concentrated respectively, also can merge the back decompression and concentrate.Can be condensed into 1/4-1/8 concentrated black nightshade fruit juice doubly as required.

The concentrated black nightshade fruit juice production procedure as shown in drawings.

Production method, process conditions below in conjunction with the description of drawings concentrated black nightshade fruit juice;

The raw material pre-treatment step:

Ripe black nightshade fresh fruit is removed through screening and to be given birth to fruit and foreign material, cleans in water, takes out drop peeling face moisture, with milling process press fruit for cider filter after, thick juice, pomace are carried out following processing respectively:

Thick juice has two kinds of processing methods: method one, be to add pH value that hydrochloric acid makes thick juice at 1-4 in thick juice, quiescent settling is got supernatant, pH value be the Normal juice of 1-4; Method two: be the pectase that adds its weight 2-0.5 ‰ in thick juice, 50-60 ℃ of control temperature kept 1-3 hour, make the abundant hydrolysis of pectin in the juice, after be warming up to 80-90 ℃, keep sterilization in 20-40 minute, prevent fruit juice fermentation in the production process, be cooled to 20-25 ℃, add the honey of the 1-0.1% of its weight, fully mixing, static makes its sedimentation complete, gets supernatant, use hcl acidifying, its objective is to make glycoalkaloid salify in the juice, increase water-solublely, make natural colouring matter-anthocyanidin form pattern

Rock-steady structure.The pH value of Normal juice is advisable between 1-4, the Normal juice of PH1-4, to the Normal juice of PH1-4 concentrated the concentrated black nightshade fruit juice that reduces pressure, the products obtained therefrom good water solubility, the aqueous solution is placed did not have precipitation in 10-20 days, can be used for beverage industry.

The leaching of pomace: as extracting solvent, best leaching condition is PH1-4 with the 75-95% edible ethanol, normal temperature, stirring leaching, the leaching solid-to-liquid ratio is 1: 1(is a pomace: the ethanol of the 75-95% of PH1-4), leach 3-4 time, leached at normal temperatures 4-8 hour at every turn, stir leaching back suction strainer constantly.The immersion liquid of third and fourth time is as the extracting solvent of criticizing pomace down, merge first and second time leaching filtrate, static, sedimentation, get the ethanol leaching liquid that supernatant gets PH1-4, it is concentrated to reduce pressure again, to 1/4-1/8 times, also can merge decompression with Normal juice concentrates, the water-soluble back of products obtained therefrom was placed and flocky precipitate was arranged in 10-20 days after the ethanol leaching liquid of PH1-4 concentrated through reducing pressure, and was not suitable for being used in beverage industry, can be used for the prevention of medical aspect and coughed electuary.Concentrating is to carry out under 0.08-0.09MPa.

Also can merge the Normal juice of the PH1-4 that handles gained through two kinds of distinct methods and ethanol immersion liquid three, it is concentrated to reduce pressure, and it is the same to concentrate condition, gets concentrated black nightshade fruit juice, and its product property mouthfeel circle is between said two products.It is relievingd asthma, antitussive action is very remarkable, can be used for making health drink and medicine.

The concentrated black nightshade fruit juice that said method is produced, its proportion is 1.06-1.30g/ml, pH value is 1-4, the transparent viscous liquid of rose, water soluble, ethanol, the ethanol to 95% are not molten entirely, flocculent undissolved substance is arranged, light, heat, acid, carbohydrate, carbon dioxide are stablized.

With 721 or 751 type spectrophotometric determinations, pH value is the concentrated black nightshade fruit juice aqueous solution of 1-5, and its visible spectrum λ max is 527nm; PH value is the concentrated black nightshade fruit juice ethanolic solution of 1-5, and its visible spectrum λ max is 548nm.Absorbance increases with the increase of acidity, and its color is also different; The aqueous solution of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice is rose at pH value during for 1-5, and pH value is blue purple during for 5.5-6.5, and pH value is blue look during for 7-14; The ethanolic solution of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice is rose-colored at pH value during for 1-5.5, and pH value is blue purple during for 5.5-6.5, pH value be 7 o'clock be blue look, pH value is green-yellow green during for 8-14.

The main component of this concentrated black nightshade fruit juice is:

VA content is 6000-37000 international unit/100ml,

Vc content is 60-880mg/100ml

Contain 17 seed amino acids, natural colouring matter, organic acid and sugar, glycoalkaloid etc. in addition.

Perfume, strong, the sliding sense of fruity in the aqueous solution of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice, mouthfeel, sweet and sour taste has cough-relieving, eliminates the phlegm, sudden change is had certain prevention effect, can be used for beverage, candy, medicine, health food etc., is a kind of wild inspissated juice of novelty.

The production method of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice of the present invention has adopted screening to fruit, washing, the method for pressure juice; Thick juice is adopted acidifying, sedimentation, smart filter respectively, reduces pressure concentrated or adds pectase hydrolysis, sterilization, two kinds of concentrated methods of smart filter decompression; Pomace is adopted 3-4 lixiviate of ethanol, the method that sedimentation, smart filter decompression concentrate, device therefor is general, method is simple, good product quality, 1/5 times of concentrated product yield can reach 16.2-17.2%, for a kind of simple, easy row, is beneficial to the production method of applying, the concentrated black nightshade fruit juice of Sheng Chaning can be used for medicine in this way, food, beverage is a kind of food supplement that does not utilize as yet, succeeding in developing of it provides new method for further developing wild plant resource.

Embodiment 1: take by weighing 750kg black nightshade mellow fruit and remove and give birth to fruit and foreign material, with leaking the empty water of pond spray washing, sieve is almost anhydrous down to leak down to be advisable, and part pulverizer fragmentation separates with centrifuge, pomace and black nightshade Normal juice slightly.Another part presses juice to get pomace and thick black nightshade Normal juice with squeezer.Merge two-part thick black nightshade Normal juice meter 400kg, merge pomace meter 320kg, adding 280g(0.6 ‰ in thick black nightshade Normal juice) the pectase and the pastel of water stir heating, 55 ℃-58 ℃ of control Normal juice, after 90 minutes, heat up 80 ℃-90 ℃, sterilize after 30 minutes, be cooled to 25 ℃-30 ℃ and add 3kg honey, place natural subsidence after stirring, get supernatant liquor after 24 hours, the lower sediment thing gets filtrate and supernatant liquor merging through suction strainer, analyzing pure hydrochloric acid with 35% transfers the pH value of Normal juice to 1-2, stir and placed natural subsidence 18 hours, get supernatant liquor, the muddy liquid suction strainer of lower floor, filtrate and supernatant liquor merge, and get PH1-2 black nightshade Normal juice.

The 320kg pomace is leached down with the hydrochloride ethanol liquid 300kg normal temperature of PH1-2, stir constantly, opening the blanking valve after 6 hours does not spill pomace to be advisable, leach four times, three, the extracting solvent of doing down batch pomace is stayed in four immersion liquid, immersion liquid of first and second time ethanol and PH1-2 black nightshade Normal juice merge, and approach the mould evaporation and concentration, vacuum 0.085MPa.57 ℃ of water heating after mass flow 50kg/ hour 21 hours, must be concentrated into 1/5 times of product 129kg, and product yield 17.2%, proportion 1.095g/ml, pH value are 2.6 the transparent viscous liquid of rose.

Embodiment 2:

Take by weighing 750kg black nightshade mellow fruit and remove living fruit and foreign material, washing, empty doing.Press juice to get pomace and thick black nightshade Normal juice with squeezer.

Add 35% analysis pure hydrochloric acid adjusting pH value and stir to 2-3 in the thick Normal juice of black nightshade, normal temperature is placed down, and natural subsidence was got the supernatant liquor suction strainer after 24 hours, and essence is filtered and and filtrate after the muddy liquid coarse filtration of lower floor.Get the Normal juice filtrate 430kg of PH2-3.

Pomace is leached with hydrochloric acid 95% ethanolic solution of PH2-3, and stirs constantly, and normal temperature leaching 6 hours is leached three times, each 400kg95% edible ethanol, and immersion liquid for the third time is as the extracting solvent of criticizing pomace down.Suction strainer gets the immersion liquid of 770kgPH2-3 ethanol.

Normal juice filtrate and ethanol immersion liquid are merged, and static 14 hours, suction strainer got the 1200kg amalgamation liquid.

Reduce pressure 1200kg concentrated at twice.65-70 ℃ of liquid temperature, water solution temperature 75-80 ℃, vacuum 0.085MPa gets product 122kg in the still, and product yield 16.2%, proportion are 1.097%ml.The rose transparency liquid of PH=2.4 to the steaming sugar of inspissated juice adding 50-55%, is cooked anticorrisive agent, gets the cough-relieving electuary.

Claims (5)

1, the production method of a kind of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice (Concenlraled Juice of sotanum NigrumL), carry out in the following order:

(1) raw material pre-treatment, pressure juice, thick juice separates with pomace.

(2) thick juice deep processing has two kinds of methods:

(A) thick juice acidifying, sedimentation, smart filter, decompression concentrate;

(B) thick juice adds enzyme hydrolysis, high-temperature sterilization, cools off, adds that honeybee is close, the smart filter of acidifying, decompression concentrate;

(3) processing of pomace: ethanol lixiviate, separation, the smart filter of leaching liquor, decompression concentrate;

It is characterized in that:

(1) during thick juice acidifying, the pH value that makes juice after the acidifying is 1-4;

(2) thick juice adds pectase, under 50-60 ℃ temperature, after hydrolysis 1-3 hour, is warming up to 80-90 ℃, keeps sterilization in 20-40 minute;

The hydrochloric acid that adds its weight 1-0.1% after the cooling, making pH value is 1-4;

(3) pomace is ethanol lixiviate 3-4 time of 1-4 with its weight with doubly pH value, and lixiviate is 4-8 hour at every turn;

When (4) decompression concentrated, vacuum was 0.08-0.09Mpa, is concentrated into the 1/4-1/8 of original volume;

2, the production method of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice according to claim 1, when it is characterized in that thick juice is separated, the consumption of pectase is the 2-0.5 ‰ of thick juice weight, and is 50 ± 2 ℃ water furnishing pastel with an amount of temperature, joins in the thick juice, stirring is mixed.

3, the production method of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice according to claim 1 is characterized in that the pomace leaching liquor is the ethanol of 70-95%, and acidifying to make the pH value of ethanolic solution be 1-4.

4, the production method of concentrated black nightshade fruit juice according to claim 1, after it is characterized in that thick juice acidifying, thick juice add enzyme hydrolysis, the smart filter of pomace ethanol lixiviate, it is concentrated to reduce pressure respectively, also can merge, it is concentrated to reduce pressure after the mixing, vacuum 0.08-0.09Mpa when concentrating is concentrated into the 1/4-1/8 of original volume, and stops for concentrating between 1.06-1.30ml with concentrate proportion.

5, according to the production method of claim 1,3 described concentrated black nightshade fruit juices, it is characterized in that thick juice acidifying, the enzyme-added back acidifying of thick juice during the acidifying of pomace alcohol extract, can be used hcl acidifying, also can use the citric acid acidifying.