CN1098712C - 针缩回机构 - Google Patents
针缩回机构 Download PDFInfo
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- A61M5/3205—Apparatus for removing or disposing of used needles or syringes, e.g. containers; Means for protection against accidental injuries from used needles
- A61M5/321—Means for protection against accidental injuries by used needles
- A61M5/322—Retractable needles, i.e. disconnected from and withdrawn into the syringe barrel by the piston
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- A61M5/178—Syringes
- A61M5/19—Syringes having more than one chamber, e.g. including a manifold coupling two parallelly aligned syringes through separate channels to a common discharge assembly
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
本发明涉及流体操纵装置,包括在其一端的空心本体部,空心本体部端壁具有安装部;以及具有安装元件并适于在第一和第二位置之间移动的空心针,在第一位置,针导向端部从安装部前端部伸出,在第二位置,针缩回至空心本体部,空心针安装元件包括将针偏压至第二位置的弹性元件,还设有将针保持在第一位置直至使用完毕的保持元件。针在与其导向端部隔开处具有放大部,保持元件包括一个位于放大部的圆周槽内、并邻接套筒端部的O形圈,套筒可被向前加力以逐出O形圈,以让针在弹性元件影响下从第一位置移至第二位置。该装置克服了现有技术中针不能可靠地缩回的问题,从而可确保针的安全使用。该装置可以广泛地用于注射药物和液体、或者抽取液体样品。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于流体操纵装置的缩回机构或缩回机构的改进,所说的机构在使用以后使空心针缩回壳体中。这种流体操纵装置用于医学领域的各个方面,用于药剂的管理或即点滴馈送至血管,或流体样品的抽取,例如从病人身上抽取血样。
背景技术
将会明白,具有针的流体操纵装置在医学领域用于药剂的管理和诸如血的取样有着广泛的应用范围,包括在一个周期内从病人身上获得多次血样的应用。
重要的是,这种装置的针一次使用以后往往试图加以处理,给予废弃,以防止偶然的伤害,或即防止再次使用,产生交叉污染的实际风险。
具有某种防护的注射器,它的针使用以后自动隐蔽,以得到保护,这是已知的,这种注射器它的针使用以后自动缩回到装置的本体。美国专利No.4,966,593公开了一种一次性注射器,其中,针在使用之后自动缩回在管状壳体中,以防止针意外刺伤人造成伤害。针通常是由一个夹头锁定在伸展位置以便正常注射使用,但是在流体从注射器中注射过程中,通过使夹头随着注射器柱塞向前移动而扩展,可以使针自动地缩回。但是,这种装置不能确保针可靠地缩回。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种可确保针可靠地缩回的流体操纵装置。
本发明提供一种流体操纵装置,它具有空心针使用以后使其缩回的针缩回总成,所述流体操纵装置包括在其一端的空心本体部,该空心本体部的端壁具有包括针的通道在内的安装部;以及空心针,该空心针具有安装元件并适于在第一位置和第二位置之间移动,在第一位置中,针的导向端部从所说的本体安装部的前端部伸出,在第二位置中,针缩回至空心本体部,所说的空心针安装元件包括将针偏压至缩回的第二位置的弹性元件,还设有一保持元件,以将针保持在它的第一位置直至使用完毕,其特征在于,所说的针在与其导向端部隔开处具有放大部,所说的保持元件包括一个定位于所说放大部上的圆周槽内、并邻接一可向前滑动的套筒的端部的O形圈,该套筒可被向前加力,以逐出O形圈,以便让针在所说弹性元件影响下从它的第一位置移动至它的第二位置。
当针处于第一位置时,借助于与空心本体部前端法兰邻接的套筒凸肩,该套筒被限制向后移动。
弹性元件可以是压缩弹簧,它位于本体安装部前作用面与针的放大部前端的后作用面之间。
在针处于它的第一位置时,O形圈在针的放大部与本体安装部之间可被压缩。在它的前端提供一个退让处,当O形圈被逐出时,以容纳O形圈。
流体操纵装置可以是流射器,有一个活塞,它被压沿着空心本体部而移动,通过空心针从空心本体部排出液体。活塞呈管状,有二个封闭端,它的前端提供一个闭塞件,该闭塞件当活塞被全部压下时借助与套筒的接合可以从端部分离,从而提供一个开口,假定空心针处于第二位置,空心针可通过该开口进入活塞的内部。
安装部可向着空心本体部的外边缘偏心设置。
空心本体部和活塞的横截面可以是这样的,以防止闭塞件的位置的不正确组装。
空心本体部和活塞的横截面可以是这样的,以允许有一个以上的相互旋转位置进行组装,以确保合适的操作,活塞端的闭塞件一个以上。
空心本体部和活塞可以是椭圆截面,在活塞端部有二个隔开的闭塞件。
空心本体部可以不试图容纳活塞,而可将活塞样的工具插放空心本体部,需要时,以使空心针缩回到工具内腔。
套筒可位于凹部,该凹部可由工具前端的尺寸减少部接近,该减少部适于进入该凹部,以便与套筒接合。这可防止空心针过早的缩回。
根据本发明,还提供一个具有偏心设置的针的注射器,以及它具有空心本体部和活塞,活塞的前端包括一个闭塞件,它适于在活塞行程末了被置换,以便使针的缩回机构将针缩回,并将它置于活塞的内部以作处理。
空心本体部和活塞的横截面可以是这样的,以防止闭塞件的位置的不正确组装。
空心本体部和活塞的横截可以是这样的,以允许有一个以上的旋转位置进行组装,以确保合适的操作,活塞端的闭塞件一个以上。
空心本体部和活塞可以是椭圆截面,在活塞端部有二个隔开的闭塞件。
根据本发明,还提供一种注射器装置,它包括一组注射器套及相配的柱塞,各注射器套和柱塞的容量不同,各注射器套适于容纳一个针的安装和缩回的布置,各柱塞与注射器套相配,以便于有一部份在柱塞与注射器套组装时协同针的安装和缩回布置与它对中,一套注射器装置至少有一个针的安装和缩回布置是偏心安装的,以便于环状件作小角度倾斜。
现根据本发明对两个装置的实例进行描述。将可以明白的是,参考附图,根据实例的方式给出的说明仅供阅读,而不受其限制。
附图说明
在附图中:
附图1为根据本发明的注射器在非使状态下的侧视图。
附图2为注射器附图1的II-II纵向截面放大图。
附图3为注射器俯视图。
附图4为附图2的IV-IV截面剖视图。
附图5为注射器仰视图。
附图6为类似于附图2的截面图,图示注射器的柱塞在下压中间阶段的视图。
附图7为相似的截面图,图示完全压下阶段的视图。
附图8、9和10为分别对应于附图2、6和7的局部放大图。
附图11为液体操纵装置血液取样的局部纵向剖视图。
附图12为其内插入针缩回工具的相类似的视图,以及
附图13为装置的空心针缩回状态下的视图。
具体实施方式
附图1所示可处理的注射器2包括空心本体部4,从它的后面(如附图1所示的上端)伸出活塞6。在空心本体部4的下端有一针10的安装部8,有一通道,安装部8的内端具有一直立的环壁9。
空心本体部4是透明的,具有便于察看的毫升刻度以及按传统方式提供有可与手指接合的法兰12。空心本体部4有一稍稍向外扩张的喇叭端部15。安装部8在偏心位置16上(见附图2)与空心本体部4的端壁紧固,以便于注射器的使用,使针以尽量小的角度刺入组织或血管。
针10的内端与具有环形槽19的套管18连接,O形圈20置于环形槽中。套管18与针粘结为一体。
从附图3至5看得最清楚,空心本体部4和活塞6呈椭圆截面,以避免两零件不希望的相对旋转的任何倾向。
安装部8提供有针10的通道和环绕针的压缩弹簧的第一作用面26。在套管18的前端面提供有第二作用面30。组装时,弹簧28在作用面26和30之间几乎处于全压缩状态,并借助O形圈20与套筒36端面34的结合,保持这种状态。O形圈被压缩在安装部8的环形壁部32与套管的环形槽19之间。套筒36环绕着套管18,在它的后端包含由多个凸耳形成的延伸部38,在附图2和8所示的预用的状态下伸进至空心本体部4。
从附图8可以看出,环形空间35提供在O形圈20的前侧。
套筒36有一凸肩37,它与空心本体部4前端的环形凸缘39接合,以防止套筒36从它的原始位置(如附图2和8所示)向后移动。
活塞6是空心的,它的后端用盖40封闭。将要指出,活塞的直径在其后端13处(也即:邻近端盖40处)最大,向着本体内部渐缩。
活塞的另一端容纳一封闭件42,它与活塞牢固地结合,以形成端壁,它有两个由闭塞件46界定的区域44,闭塞件46可被轻易地去除,而以下面解释的方式与套筒延伸部38相接触。提供这两个区域44免除了组装时对偏置针10位置的检查。
操作时,注射器用通常的方式很容易地充满液体,获得待用状态,此时,活塞被容纳在空心本体部4中如附图2所示的一段距离。活塞的封闭件42于是也用作空心本体部液体的一个密封。
由于活塞6的促动,向前推进(如附图1所示,向下),封闭件42端壁向前,通过空心针驱逐出液体。附图9表示液体驱逐即将完成以前的零件位置。将可以观察到,封闭件42的端壁已与套筒36的延伸部38接触,并已迫使套筒36向前(如附图9所示)。然后,由于套筒36的数个凸耳之间的空间存在,液体仍然可以从空心本体部进入到针10内。在附图10中,套筒36的移动,因为它与槽19容纳的O形圈接触,使得套管18也向前移动,并压缩弹簧28至全压缩状态。此外,这种移动使O形圈借助环部32从槽19的罗网中被释放,并被逐出而进入环状空间35中,它被容纳在安装部8的壁9上。于是,作用在针端部18的限制被解除。全压缩的弹簧28现在不再受压制而急速伸展,从而推进针的端部18,所以针自己向后移动。套筒件36和它的延伸部38一起射入空心本体部4的空心内部。所以凸耳在区域44上提供压力区,以便剪断闭塞件46的边线。于是针10通过套筒件36自由地进入活塞的空心内部,从而针被缩回,避免注射器潜在的重新使用者的取用。这将明白,活塞6在实践中不能轻易地从空心本体部4中拔出以便于取用针,这是由于活塞的环状部13牢固地塞进空心本体部4的扩张喇叭口端部15,从而抵制活塞的去除。
所以现在可以丢弃注射器,而不存在某些人随后去处理针的风险。
附图11表示针缩回机构48的局部视图,它用于血的重复取样的装置。该装置包括一端部开口的壳体50,其内插入一个注册商标为“Vacutainer”的抽空管52,它有一隔膜,被双端的空心针58的后端部56穿过,从而液样被吸进抽空管52。便利地是,在必需进行一系列采样期间,针58可保持于原位,但当系列采样完毕,针必须去除,因而再次使用针的风险就会发生。
附图11至13所示的针缩回机构在许多方面与附图1至10注射器所示的是类似的,相同的零件用相同的标号来表示。
空心针58如上面提到的是双端的并通过套管18。
凹部82形成于壳体50的前壁,壳体有一个面86,抽空管52按通常的使用贴靠在该面86上。于是,按通常的使用,将可以观察到,抽空管与延伸部38没有任何接触。
附图12表示的装置,藉此,空心针58可以缩回而离开操作状态,从而进入它不能再使用的位置,也不能伤害任何人。
于是,当最后的液样被抽取以及装置的空心针需要从病的手臂上去除时,工具88如附图12所示插入壳体50内。工具88包括柱塞类的空心本体部90和环形凸出即颈部92,颈部92由台肩面94所围绕。颈部92有一圆形开口96。当工具88插进壳体50时,空心针的端部56进入颈部92内的开口96。颈部92的导向边缘表面与延伸部38接触,为移动工具88如附图12所示向前而施加的连续压力使套筒件36向前移动,从而逐出O形圈20,以释放空心针58,射入工具88的本体内。围绕工具88的卡环夹98确保在安全处置以前,工具88不会意外地从壳体中去除。
在下面权利要求所界定的本发明的范围内,可以作各种修改。
Claims (11)
1、一种流体操纵装置,它具有空心针使用以后使其缩回的针缩回机构,所述流体操纵装置包括在其一端的空心本体部(4),该空心本体部的端壁(14)具有包括针的通道在内的安装部(8);以及空心针(10),该空心针具有安装元件并适于在第一位置和第二位置之间移动,在第一位置中,针的导向端部从所说的本体安装部的前端部伸出,在第二位置中,针缩回至空心本体部,所说的空心针安装元件包括将针偏压至缩回的第二位置的弹性元件(28),还设有一保持元件,以将针保持在它的第一位置直至使用完毕,其特征在于,所说的针在与其导向端部隔开处具有放大部(18),所说的保持元件包括一个定位于所说放大部上的圆周槽(19)内、并邻接一可向前滑动的套筒(36)的端部的O形圈(20),该套筒可被向前加力,以逐出O形圈,以便让针在所说弹性元件影响下从它的第一位置移动至它的第二位置。
2、根据权利要求1所说的流体操纵装置,其中,套筒(36)设置有与空心本体部前端法兰(39)邻接的套筒凸肩(37)。
3、根据权利要求1或2所说的流体操纵装置,其中,所说的弹性元件是压缩弹簧,它位于所说的本体安装部提供的前作用面(26)与针的放大部前端提供的后作用面(30)之间。
4、根据权利要求1所说的流体操纵装置,其中,当针处于它的第一位置时,所说的O形圈在所说放大部与所说安装部之间被压缩,在它的前端提供一个环形空间(35),当O形圈被逐出时,以容纳O形圈。
5、根据权利要求1、2或4所说的流体操纵装置,它是一个注射器,有一个活塞,它可被压而沿着空心本体部移动,以通过所说的空心针从空心本体部排出液体,所说的活塞呈管状,有二个封闭端,它的前端设置有一个闭塞件(44),该闭塞件当活塞被全部压下时借助与所说的套筒的接合可以从端部分离,从而在端部提供一个开口,假定空心针处于它的第二位置,空心针可通过该开口进入活塞的内部。
6、根据权利要求5所说的流体操纵装置,其中,所说的安装部可向着空心本体部的外边缘偏心设置。
7、根据权利要求6所说的流体操纵装置,其中,空心本体部和活塞的横截面可以是这样的,以防止闭塞件位置的不正确组装。
8、根据权利要求6所说的流体操纵装置,其中,空心本体部和活塞的横截面可以是这样的,以允许有一个以上的相互旋转位置进行组装,以确保合适的操作,活塞端的闭塞件可以是一个以上。
9、根据权利要求8所说的流体操纵装置,其中,所说的空心本体部和活塞是椭圆截面,在活塞的端部有二个隔开的闭塞件。
10、根据权利要求1、2或4所说的流体操纵装置,其中,所说的空心本体部不用于容纳活塞,有一活塞样的工具(88)可插入空心本体部,需要时,使空心针(56)缩回到工具内腔。
11、根据权利要求10所说的流体操纵装置,其中,所说的套筒位于可由工具前端的尺寸减少部(92)接近的凹部(82),该尺寸减少部适于进入该凹部,以便与套筒接合。
Priority Applications (23)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9416710A GB9416710D0 (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1994-08-18 | Syringes |
GBGB9509224.3A GB9509224D0 (en) | 1995-05-05 | 1995-05-05 | Needle ratraction mechanisms |
BR9508606A BR9508606A (pt) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Mecanismos de retração de agulha |
DK95928544T DK0776225T3 (da) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Mekanisme til tilbagetrækning af nål |
CZ1997349A CZ287479B6 (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Syringe with retractable needle |
JP8507841A JP3054444B2 (ja) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | 針引込め機構 |
AU32268/95A AU686863B2 (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Needle retraction mechanisms |
EP95928544A EP0776225B1 (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Needle retraction mechanisms |
AT95928544T ATE171629T1 (de) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Vorrichtungen zum zurückziehen von nadeln |
PL95318691A PL178763B1 (pl) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Urządzenie do iniekcji i pobierania płynów |
HU9700207A HU218842B (hu) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Tűs kezelőeszköz |
DE69505142T DE69505142T2 (de) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Vorrichtungen zum zurückziehen von nadeln |
NZ291205A NZ291205A (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Syringe with self retracting offset needle |
CA002197573A CA2197573C (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Needle retraction mechanisms |
CN95194660A CN1098712C (zh) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | 针缩回机构 |
PCT/GB1995/001894 WO1996005879A1 (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Needle retraction mechanisms |
US08/776,422 US5782804A (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Needle retraction mechanisms |
SK161-97A SK282633B6 (sk) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Injekčná striekačka so zasúvateľnou ihlou |
ES95928544T ES2123282T3 (es) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | Mecanismos de retirada de agujas. |
IL11493595A IL114935A (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-15 | Needle retraction mechanisms |
ZA956861A ZA956861B (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-17 | Needle retraction mechanisms |
NO19970700A NO311496B1 (no) | 1994-08-18 | 1997-02-14 | Returmekanisme for nål |
FI970632A FI970632A (fi) | 1994-08-18 | 1997-02-14 | Naulan takaisinvetomekanismi |
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB9416710A GB9416710D0 (en) | 1994-08-18 | 1994-08-18 | Syringes |
GB9416710.3 | 1994-08-18 | ||
GBGB9509224.3A GB9509224D0 (en) | 1995-05-05 | 1995-05-05 | Needle ratraction mechanisms |
GB9509224.3 | 1995-05-05 | ||
CN95194660A CN1098712C (zh) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | 针缩回机构 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1155846A CN1155846A (zh) | 1997-07-30 |
CN1098712C true CN1098712C (zh) | 2003-01-15 |
Family
ID=27179079
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN95194660A Expired - Fee Related CN1098712C (zh) | 1994-08-18 | 1995-08-10 | 针缩回机构 |
Country Status (20)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5782804A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0776225B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3054444B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1098712C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE171629T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU686863B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9508606A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2197573C (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ287479B6 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69505142T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0776225T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2123282T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI970632A (zh) |
HU (1) | HU218842B (zh) |
IL (1) | IL114935A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO311496B1 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ291205A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL178763B1 (zh) |
SK (1) | SK282633B6 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1996005879A1 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1155846A (zh) | 1997-07-30 |
AU686863B2 (en) | 1998-02-12 |
IL114935A (en) | 1999-03-12 |
PL178763B1 (pl) | 2000-06-30 |
ES2123282T3 (es) | 1999-01-01 |
CA2197573A1 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
AU3226895A (en) | 1996-03-14 |
FI970632A0 (fi) | 1997-02-14 |
NZ291205A (en) | 1997-12-19 |
HU218842B (hu) | 2000-12-28 |
SK282633B6 (sk) | 2002-10-08 |
EP0776225A1 (en) | 1997-06-04 |
JP3054444B2 (ja) | 2000-06-19 |
DK0776225T3 (da) | 1999-03-01 |
FI970632A (fi) | 1997-02-14 |
US5782804A (en) | 1998-07-21 |
CZ34997A3 (en) | 1997-05-14 |
PL318691A1 (en) | 1997-07-07 |
DE69505142T2 (de) | 1999-05-12 |
NO311496B1 (no) | 2001-12-03 |
JPH10504483A (ja) | 1998-05-06 |
WO1996005879A1 (en) | 1996-02-29 |
IL114935A0 (en) | 1995-12-08 |
CZ287479B6 (en) | 2000-12-13 |
EP0776225B1 (en) | 1998-09-30 |
HUT76903A (en) | 1997-12-29 |
NO970700L (no) | 1997-02-14 |
NO970700D0 (no) | 1997-02-14 |
ATE171629T1 (de) | 1998-10-15 |
DE69505142D1 (de) | 1998-11-05 |
SK16197A3 (en) | 1997-11-05 |
CA2197573C (en) | 2003-01-28 |
BR9508606A (pt) | 1997-11-25 |
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