CN109842986A - The uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of lateral line and accelerator system - Google Patents
The uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of lateral line and accelerator system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供一种横向束流均匀的快循环同步加速器，其包括：用于同步加速离子的多个磁铁，多个磁铁包括二极磁铁、四极磁铁和六极磁铁；与磁铁电连接的磁铁电源；真空管道，其设置成连接多个磁铁并限制离子的运行轨迹；束流诊断单元，其设置成监测加速器和束流的操作状态；以及离子引出单元，其连接至真空管道，用于将经过加速的离子引出，离子引出单元包括设置在离子束线上的非线性多极磁铁，非线性多极磁铁用于使引出的束流均匀化。该同步加速器采用全电容储能磁铁电源技术，结合多极磁铁横向束流均匀技术，缩短了循环周期，大幅提高了平均束流强度。
The invention provides a fast-cycle synchrotron with uniform transverse beam current, which comprises: a plurality of magnets for synchronizing ions, the plurality of magnets including a dipole magnet, a quadrupole magnet and a hexapole magnet; a magnet electrically connected with the magnets a power supply; a vacuum conduit configured to connect a plurality of magnets and confine the trajectories of the ions; a beam diagnostic unit configured to monitor the operating state of the accelerator and the beam; and an ion extraction unit connected to the vacuum conduit for passing Accelerated ion extraction, the ion extraction unit includes a nonlinear multipole magnet arranged on the ion beam line, and the nonlinear multipole magnet is used to homogenize the extracted beam current. The synchrotron adopts full-capacitor energy storage magnet power technology, combined with multi-pole magnet transverse beam uniform technology, which shortens the cycle period and greatly improves the average beam intensity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to accelerator fields, the output line of accelerator can be made more uniform more particularly, to one kind
And mean flow higher synchrotron and the accelerator system including the synchrotron by force.
Background technique
Since proton beam and heavy ion beam have the depth-dose distribution reversed to the irradiation of organism, lesser lateral dissipates
It penetrates, higher relative biological effectiveness and the features such as low oxygen enhancement ratio, so that proton and heavy-ion cancer therapy become current international
Upper advanced effective cancer radiation therapy method.Proton beam and heavy ion beam can also simulate the radiation environment of the outer space, be to use
To carry out the effective ways of space flight single particle effect and the anti-radiation detection of instrument.Proton and heavy ion can be used in the life of nucleopore membranes
It produces, for fields such as biological agent separation, battery diaphragm, anti-fake materials.Proton and heavy ion still carry out special material irradiation,
The powerful measure of the applications such as ion implantation can also be applied to nuclear physics, Atomic Physics experimental study etc..
Current mainstream heavy ion, proton precessional magnetometer are divided into three classes, are linear accelerator respectively, cyclotron and same
Walk accelerator.Continuous line can be provided using linear accelerator, but cost is much higher than other two kinds of accelerators and energy
Can not almost it change, it is general only to be used in low energy region.Cyclotron can provide continuous line, but be difficult to change and draw energy
Amount, and high-energy cyclotron difficulty of processing and cost sharply increase, and generally also only use in low energy region.Conventional synchronization
Accelerator can rapidly convert the energy of educt beaming flow according to the needs of terminal, and it is the energy that middle high-energy section cost performance is high
The free-stream acceleration device of section.The main problem of current this synchrotron be due to its magnetic field raising and lowering it is time-consuming it is more with
And slow spill process is time-consuming more and cause educt beaming flow mean flow lower by force.
Conventional synchronization accelerator driven sub-critical system will be directly loaded on magnet after the conversion of power grid electric energy, be limited to distribution cost, and one
As main field with 1T/s or less even 0.5T/s velocity variations below, synchrotron is most of within a cycle of operation
Time is used for the raising and lowering in magnetic field, and educt beaming flow duty ratio is low.Such as the treatment of cancer device HIMM of Wuwei City of Gansu Province,
One cycle of operation needs 7.5 seconds, wherein drawing the time slowly only has 3 seconds, residue is used to the raising and lowering in magnetic field for 4.5 seconds,
Efficiency is lower.Power need to be extracted in the uphill process of magnetic field from power grid simultaneously, need to return to power to power grid during decline, cause
Power network fluctuation influences the normal operation of other equipment.
In addition, traditional technology is will to accelerate to mesh in synchrotron in order to obtain uniform dosage distribution in terminal
The line for marking energy is drawn by slow lead-out process multi-turn slowly, becomes temporal quasi-continuous beam, before incoming terminal, warp
Two pole iron of scanning effect horizontally and vertically is crossed, it will be in line scanning a to rectangular area.Two block scan magnet
Electric current be sine wave or tooth form wave, the common multiple of frequency is as big as possible, to guarantee that the line of terminal is evenly distributed.Slowly it drew
Journey is time-consuming more, and by taking the treatment of cancer device HIMM of Wuwei City of Gansu Province as an example, the slow spill process duration is 3s, that is, 3s
The ion that interior terminal is only once accelerated, therefore its inefficiency, the mean flow of line be much smaller than by force linear accelerator and
Cyclotron.
Summary of the invention
At least one of in order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem aspect, the embodiment provides a kind of lateral lines
Uniform fast-cycling synchrotron, the synchrotron include:
For multiple magnet of sync plus white ion, the multiple magnet includes dipolar magnet, quadrupole electromagnet and sextupole magnetic
Iron；
The magnet power supply being electrically connected with the magnet；
Vacuum pipe, the vacuum pipe are arranged to connect the multiple magnet and limit the running track of the ion；
Beam diagnostics unit, the beam diagnostics unit are arranged to the mode of operation of monitoring accelerator and line；And
Ion Extraction unit, the Ion Extraction unit is connected to the vacuum pipe, for that will pass through the ion of acceleration
It draws,
It is characterized in that, the Ion Extraction unit includes the non-linear multipole magnet being arranged in ion beam line, it is described
The line homogenization that non-linear multipole magnet is used to make to draw.
In some embodiments, the effective magnetic field component of the non-linear multipole magnet is 8 poles, 12 poles or higher pole
?.
In some embodiments, the non-linear multipole magnet includes the horizontal multipole magnet for the modulation of horizontal phase space
With the vertical multipole magnet modulated for vertical phase space.
In some embodiments, the horizontal beta function in the horizontal multipole magnet is much larger than vertical beta function.
In some embodiments, the vertical beta function in the vertical multipole magnet is much larger than horizontal beta function.
In some embodiments, the Ion Extraction unit further includes the groups of quadrupole being arranged in the ion beam line
Magnet.
In some embodiments, the period of the fast-cycling synchrotron is not more than 1s.
In some embodiments, the period of the fast-cycling synchrotron is not more than 0.2s.
In some embodiments, the magnet power supply includes voltage source and storage capacitor, and the voltage source is for being described
Storage capacitor charging.
Another aspect of the present invention additionally provides a kind of ion accelerator arrangement comprising:
Ion source；
Linear accelerator, the linear accelerator are connected to by vacuum pipe with the ion source；
Synchrotron, the synchrotron are connected to by vacuum pipe with the linear accelerator；And
Application terminal, the application terminal are connected to by vacuum pipe with the synchrotron；
It is characterized in that, the synchrotron is the above-mentioned uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of lateral line.
Compared with prior art, the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of lateral line provided by the invention and ion accelerator
System shortens cycle period, greatly in conjunction with the uniform technology of multipole magnet transverse direction line using plenary capacitance energy storage magnet power supply technology
Width improves mean current intensity.
Detailed description of the invention
By the description made for the present invention of below with reference to attached drawing, other objects and advantages of the present invention will be aobvious and easy
See, and can help that complete understanding of the invention will be obtained.
Fig. 1 is the partial structure diagram according to the synchrotron of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram according to the ion accelerator arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the position view according to the non-linear multipole magnet of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram homogenized according to the non-linear multipole magnet of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is ramping (operation of dipolar magnet magnetic field) curve graph of conventional synchrotron in the prior art；And
Fig. 6 is the ramping curve according to the synchrotron of the embodiment of the present invention.
It should be noted that attached drawing is not necessarily to scale to draw, but only not influence the schematic of reader's understanding
Mode is shown.
Specific embodiment
To make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the attached drawing of the embodiment of the present invention,
Technical solution of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is an implementation of the invention
Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on described the embodiment of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are without creating
Property labour under the premise of every other embodiment obtained, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise defined, the technical term or scientific term that the present invention uses should be tool in fields of the present invention
The ordinary meaning for thering is the personage of general technical ability to be understood.
The present invention relates to a kind of fast-cycling synchrotrons based on the uniform technology of multipole magnet transverse direction line.Such as Fig. 1 institute
Show, for according to the partial structure diagram of the synchrotron of the embodiment of the present invention.In Fig. 1: D indicates that dipolar magnet, Q indicate four
Pole magnet, Kicker indicate that Kicker magnet, RF indicate that radio-frequency acceleration cavity, DCCT indicate that DC current detector, ES indicate electrostatic
Deflecting plates, MS indicate that septum magnet, PS indicate magnet power supply.
Referring to Fig.1, synchrotron according to the present invention may include multiple magnet, it is electric with each of multiple magnet
Magnet power supply, vacuum pipe, beam diagnostics unit and the Ion Extraction unit of connection.Multiple magnet for sync plus white from
Son, and may include dipolar magnet, quadrupole electromagnet and six pole magnet, wherein dipolar magnet is curved for ion beam current, and four
Pole magnet is used for the focusing of ion beam current, the matching of phase space when six pole magnet for drawing slowly.
Each of above-mentioned magnet magnet can be configured with respective magnet power supply, each magnet power supply can wrap
Multiple power cells are included, multiple power cells are electrically connected with magnet.Each power cell may include voltage source and storage capacitor,
Wherein, voltage source is used to charge for storage capacitor.Multiple power unit cascades are electrically connected after being connected in parallel with magnet, provide magnetic
Energy needed for the current waveform pulse ascent stage needed for iron.Magnet power supply is all made of plenary capacitance energy storage topology, can substantially shorten
Acceleration time.
Further, vacuum pipe is arranged to connect multiple magnet and limits the running track of ion.Vacuum pipe can be with
Including steel pipe and the ceramic-lined skeleton being arranged on the inner wall of steel pipe, steel pipe has thin tube wall, with thin tube wall
The ceramic-lined skeleton contacted with inner tubal wall with supporting steel pipe is provided in steel pipe.Perforation, vacuum are provided on each magnet
Room from each hole pass through magnet, charged ion moves in a vacuum chamber, when by magnet, by magnetic fields, curve or
Person focuses.Beam diagnostics unit is arranged to the mode of operation of monitoring accelerator and line；Ion Extraction unit is connected to vacuum tube
Road, for the Ion Extraction of acceleration will to be passed through.
Referring further to Figure 2, for according to the structural schematic diagram of the ion accelerator arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention.Such as Fig. 2 institute
Show, a whole set of ion accelerator arrangement may include ion source 1, linear accelerator 2 (can also be used in other embodiments convolution accelerate
Device), above-mentioned synchrotron 3 and application terminal 5, pass through vacuum pipe between each structure and connect.Wherein, synchrotron
3 Ion Extraction unit includes the non-linear multipole magnet 4 being arranged in ion beam line, for making the line drawn homogenization.
In the ion accelerator arrangement of the embodiment of the present invention, source of the ion source 1 as accelerator is used for atom or divides
Electron detachment outside son, becomes charged ion, and charged ion can just be accelerated by electric field.Then charged ion is through too low
Energy bunch reaches linear accelerator 2, and the main function of low energy bunch is by the acceptance of the phase space of line and linear accelerator 2
Match.Linear accelerator 2 is tentatively accelerated for halved tie stream, and energy is generally several MeV/u after acceleration.After preliminary acceleration
Ion pass through in can bunch be injected into synchrotron 3, it is middle can bunch main function be by beam phase space with it is synchronous
Accelerator 3 matches.After the ion of 3 pairs of synchrotron injections is accumulated, accelerated, application terminal is reached by high energy bunch
5。
In the embodiment of the present invention, synchrotron 3 is fast ejection synchrotron, does not use traditional slow lead-out process.
Since the line after accelerating laterally is generally Gaussian Profile, if line fast ejection directly not can guarantee beam to application terminal 5
The uniformity of flow distribution.For this purpose, present invention employs the uniform technologies of multipole magnet transverse direction line, it is provided on high energy bunch non-
Linear Multistage magnet 4, line transverse phase space after non-linear multistage magnet 4 are modulated, and the effect similar to threading is obtained.
When reaching application terminal 5 by drift, so that line is to be uniformly distributed in the lateral real space.Therefore, the present invention solves routine
Slow to draw the strong low key technology difficulty of synchrotron educt beaming flow mean flow, it is strong to improve line mean flow, for based on matter
The treatment of cancer of sub- heavy ion, material irradiation, nucleopore membranes production, aerospace studies provide a set of wide energy, big of can providing
Flux, the heavy ion of high performance-price ratio or proton-synchrotron.
According to some embodiments, the effective magnetic field component of non-linear multipole magnet 4 can be 8 poles, 12 poles and more
High pole.According to some embodiments, referring to Fig. 3, one block of multipole magnet can only homogenize one direction of line, in order to same
When to horizontally and vertically homogenizing, non-linear multipole magnet 4 includes the level for the modulation of horizontal phase space
Multipole magnet 41 and the vertical multipole magnet 42 modulated for vertical phase space.Preferably, the horizontal β in horizontal multipole magnet 41
Function is much larger than vertical beta function, and the vertical beta function in vertical multipole magnet 42 is much larger than horizontal beta function, to reduce level to the greatest extent
Multipole magnet 41 or vertical interference of the multipole magnet 42 to another direction.
According to some embodiments, Ion Extraction unit further includes the groups of quadrupole electromagnet being arranged in ion beam line, is used
In focusing and matching line twiss parameter.For example, as shown in figure 3, arrow indicates beam direction, groups of quadrupole electromagnet in figure
Including first group of quadrupole electromagnet (Q1-Q4) of the upstream of horizontal multipole magnet 41 and vertical multipole magnet 42 is arranged in, setting exists
Second group of quadrupole electromagnet (Q5, Q6) and setting between horizontal multipole magnet 41 and vertical multipole magnet 42 is in horizontal multipole magnetic
The third group quadrupole electromagnet (Q7, Q8) in the downstream of iron 41 and vertical multipole magnet 42.It is understood that shown in Fig. 3 at
The quadrupole electromagnet structure of group is merely exemplary, and in practical applications, groups of quadrupole electromagnet can be wanted according to beam optics
It asks and is configured.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the non-linear tune to beam phase space is passed through based on the uniform technology of multipole magnet transverse direction line
System, the projecting direction realized in the real space are uniformly distributed.Referring to Fig. 4, for according to the non-linear multipole magnetic of the embodiment of the present invention
The schematic diagram of iron homogenization.As shown in Fig. 4 (a), into non-linear multistage magnet 4 before in line x-x ' phase space be two-dimensional elliptic
Shape Gaussian Profile is projected as one-dimensional gaussian profile in the direction real space x；It is non-linear multistage magnet 4 generate magnetic field strength be
About the high order odd function of position x, corresponding modulating action is generated to line x ', as shown in Fig. 4 (b), by non-linear multistage
After magnet 4, beam phase space becomes serpentine；Line is by one section of drift arrival application terminal 5, as shown in Fig. 4 (c), beam at this time
It flows more serious in phase space threading, but projects to real space x-plane and be distributed as being uniformly distributed.
Referring to figure 5 and figure 6, the ramping curve graph of conventional synchrotron respectively in the prior art and according to
The ramping curve graph of the synchrotron of the embodiment of the present invention.It can be seen that in the prior art, slow spill process consumption
In Shi Duo, Fig. 5, the slow period about 7.5s for drawing synchrotron, wherein the slow spill process duration is about 3s, that is, 3s
The ion that interior terminal is only once accelerated, inefficiency, the mean flow of line is much smaller than by force linear accelerator and convolution adds
Fast device.And in embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, because using the uniform technology of multipole magnet transverse direction line, line single is logical
The distribution uniformity that can be obtained the lateral real space is crossed, time-consuming 1 microsecond is hereinafter, compared to traditional slow extraction for needing time-consuming 3s
Technical efficiency improves about 3,000,000 times.Meanwhile the magnet power supply of plenary capacitance energy storage is used in the embodiment of the present invention, energy is main
It is shifted between magnet and storage capacitor, transfer velocity can quickly, and the main field rate of climb can achieve 15T/s or more, magnetic
Field rising and falling time is can be controlled within 0.1s, and the period of synchrotron can control within 1s, or even can be controlled
System is within 0.2s, that is, its period is not more than 1s, even no greater than 0.2s, so that educt beaming flow mean flow improves by force 35 times
More than, it can compare favourably with linear accelerator, cyclotron.
Therefore, the synchrotron in the embodiment of the present invention uses plenary capacitance energy storage magnet power supply technology, in conjunction with multipole magnetic
The period of synchrotron can be foreshortened to even 0.2 second 1 second hereinafter, educt beaming flow by 7.5 seconds by the uniform technology of iron transverse direction line
Mean flow improves by force 35 times or more, and current linear accelerator can be provided for application studies such as great strategy demands towards the country and convolution adds
The big flux heavy ion of the high energy that fast device can not provide and proton beam realize the skill of the irradiation application apparatus based on synchrotron
Art innovation.Fast-cycling synchrotron of the invention has the outstanding advantage of big flux, wide energy range and high performance-price ratio, will
The fields such as treatment of cancer, material irradiation, aerospace studies based on proton and heavy ion synchrotron are generated huge
Benefit.By taking treatment of cancer as an example, the present invention makes line be increased to original 35 times or more in the target time, and the patient treated every year is by leading to
1000 people of normal scheme increase to 35000 people or more, and the efficiency and economic effect of heavy ion, proton therapeutic cancer greatly improved
Benefit.In the application process of fast-cycling synchrotron according to the present invention, it is no longer necessary to extract forward and reverse big pulse from power grid
Power, it is only necessary to positive firm power is extracted, it is small or noiseless to power grid interference, it is reduced while improving line stability
Distribution capacity demand.
For the embodiment of the present invention, it is also necessary to explanation, in the absence of conflict, the embodiment of the present invention and reality
Applying the feature in example can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiment.
More than, only a specific embodiment of the invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is of the invention
Protection scope should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line, comprising:
For multiple magnet of sync plus white ion, the multiple magnet includes dipolar magnet, quadrupole electromagnet and six pole magnet；
The magnet power supply being electrically connected with the magnet；
Vacuum pipe, the vacuum pipe are arranged to connect the multiple magnet and limit the running track of the ion；
Beam diagnostics unit, the beam diagnostics unit are arranged to the mode of operation of monitoring accelerator and line；And
Ion Extraction unit, the Ion Extraction unit is connected to the vacuum pipe, for the Ion Extraction of acceleration will to be passed through,
It is characterized in that, the Ion Extraction unit includes the non-linear multipole magnet being arranged in ion beam line, it is described non-thread
Property multipole magnet be used for make draw line homogenization.
2. the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described non-linear
The effective magnetic field component of multipole magnet is 8 poles, 12 poles or higher pole.
3. the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described non-linear
Multipole magnet includes the horizontal multipole magnet for the modulation of horizontal phase space and the vertical multipole magnetic for the modulation of vertical phase space
Iron.
4. the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the level is more
Horizontal beta function in the magnet of pole is much larger than vertical beta function.
5. the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line according to claim 3, which is characterized in that described vertical more
Vertical beta function in the magnet of pole is much larger than horizontal beta function.
6. the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that
The Ion Extraction unit further includes the groups of quadrupole electromagnet being arranged in the ion beam line.
7. the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that
The period of the fast-cycling synchrotron is not more than 1s.
8. the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the fast circulation
The period of synchrotron is not more than 0.2s.
9. the uniform fast-cycling synchrotron of transverse direction line according to any one of claims 1-5, which is characterized in that
The magnet power supply includes voltage source and storage capacitor, and the voltage source is used to charge for the storage capacitor.
10. a kind of ion accelerator arrangement, comprising:
Ion source；
Linear accelerator, the linear accelerator are connected to by vacuum pipe with the ion source；
Synchrotron, the synchrotron are connected to by vacuum pipe with the linear accelerator；And
Application terminal, the application terminal are connected to by vacuum pipe with the synchrotron；
It is characterized in that, the synchrotron is uniformly fast according to lateral line of any of claims 1-9
Circulation synchronous accelerator.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN110213877A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-09-06 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Bundle device is split for the ion beam of beam simultaneously for a kind of multiple terminals |
| CN111292866A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-06-16 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | A heavy ion production device for industrial production of nuclear pore membranes |
| CN112996213A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-18 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Machine protection system based on accelerator beam optics |
| CN115568084A (en) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-01-03 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Online magnetic field dynamic effect compensation system, method and readable medium |
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