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CN109802078A - A kind of soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material of membrane structure, preparation method and applications - Google Patents

A kind of soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material of membrane structure, preparation method and applications Download PDF

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CN109802078A
CN109802078A CN201910069461.7A CN201910069461A CN109802078A CN 109802078 A CN109802078 A CN 109802078A CN 201910069461 A CN201910069461 A CN 201910069461A CN 109802078 A CN109802078 A CN 109802078A
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graphene
graphene oxide
preparation
membrane structure
film
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韩生
常宾
黄燕山
刘凤茹
蔺华林
马健
孙瑶馨
康佳玲
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Shanghai Institute of Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide materials of membrane structure, preparation method and applications.The present invention is using the graphene of single layer of carbon atom structure as skeleton carrier, by the method for solvent heat on graphene skeleton in-situ polymerization polyimide polymer, it is re-introduced into filter with graphene oxide similar in the graphene oxide quality reacted and form a film, membranaceous graphene-based polyimide composite film material is obtained by carbonization under nitrogen atmosphere.For the polyimides uniform load obtained by the method between graphene sheet layer, the addition of lamella graphene oxide not only increases the electric conductivity of composite material, also makes it have good flexibility.This method have simple process, mild condition, it is low in cost the advantages that.This method provides good experimental data and theories integration in the research of electrochemical field and application for graphene-polyimide material.

Description

A kind of soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material of membrane structure, preparation method And its application
Technical field
The invention belongs to material science and electrochemical technology field, specifically, are related to a kind of flexible stone of membrane structure Mertenyl composite polyimide material, preparation method and applications.
Background technique
Increasingly prominent with energy and environment problem, New Energy Industry has obtained more and more attention.Hybrid power Automobile and electric car industry development are rapid, and lithium ion battery is widely used as wherein important energy storage device.Lithium ion Battery has energy density height, the advantages such as good cycle and memory-less effect, it is considered to be current most effective energy storage One of mode.
Lithium ion battery is the energy storage device as composed by anode, cathode, diaphragm and electrolyte, and wherein electrode material is to determine The key factor of its fixed performance.Common positive electrode is lithium ion inlaid scheme, such as LiCoO2,LiNiO2, LiMn2O4LiCo1/3Ni1/3/Mn1/3O2LiFePO4Deng.But traditional positive electrode has lacking for volume expansion in lithiumation process It falls into, so as to cause the crushing of material, leads to the loss for being broken and being in electrical contact.In recent years, in order to further explore new electrode material Material, the preparation of organic electrode materials start the concern for causing people.Compared with inorganic electrode material, organic electrode materials are due to ring The features such as border protection, structure diversity, oxidation-reduction stability and high theoretical capacity, low cost.Organic cathode material it is significant Feature is exactly that lithium can carry out insertion and deintercalation by reversible redox reaction in organic matter.Therefore, in order to reduce electricity Material dissolution in the electrolytic solution in pole simultaneously realizes quick dynamic performance, and constructing has the polymer electrode for stablizing high conductivity It is the key that current research work.
Polyimides (PI) is a kind of important high molecular material, imide ring is usually contained on main chain, by organic two Amine and organic diacid acid anhydride are prepared by melt-polycondensation or solution polycondensation hot imidization method.Polyimides (PI) is due to tool There is the stable active carbonyl of conjugated structure and high potential, is gradually developed as lithium ion anode material.But it is as a kind of allusion quotation The carbonyl polymerization object of type, lower specific capacity (< 300mAh g-1) limit it and further apply.Because polymer has structure Multifarious feature, researchers generally use the method for structure design to improve its performance.
Graphene has unique two-dimension plane structure, electric conductivity is high, specific surface area as one of most typical carbon material Greatly, and the controllable design feature of dimension.Therefore, using graphene as substrate, with active positive electrode material it is compound after pass through synergistic effect The chemical property of electrode material can be effectively improved.On the one hand, the electric conductivity of composite material can be greatly improved;On the other hand, When preparing binder electrode material, the addition of graphene can reduce binder shared specific gravity in the material, effectively improve The content of electrode active material, to improve the whole volume of battery.
Summary of the invention
It is simple, membrane structure the purpose of the present invention is in view of the above shortcomings of the prior art, providing a kind of preparation method Soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material, preparation method and applications.Preparation process of the present invention is simple, mild condition, at This is cheap, and obtained polyimides uniform load has reversible between graphene sheet layer as anode material for lithium-ion batteries The advantages that capacity is high, cycle performance and good rate capability.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of the soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material of membrane structure, including with Lower step:
(1) naphthalenetetracarbacidic acidic dianhydride NTCDA and ethylenediamine are added to the N-Methyl pyrrolidone nmp solution of graphene oxide Middle carry out solvent thermal reaction;
(2) it after solvent thermal reaction, is constantly centrifuged by the way that water is added in system, the N- methylpyrrole in displacement system Alkanone NMP adds graphene oxide solution and filters film forming;
(3) step (2) are filtered the membrane material obtained to be carbonized under an inert atmosphere, obtains the Flexible graphene of membrane structure Base composite polyimide material.
In above-mentioned steps (1), the N-Methyl pyrrolidone nmp solution of graphene oxide passes through in graphene oxide water solution Middle addition N-Methyl pyrrolidone NMP centrifugation obtains;The concentration of the N-Methyl pyrrolidone nmp solution of graphene oxide be 2~ 3mg/mL。
In above-mentioned steps (1), the mass ratio of naphthalenetetracarbacidic acidic dianhydride NTCDA, ethylenediamine and graphene oxide are (2~4): (4 ~8): 1.
In above-mentioned steps (1), the temperature of solvent thermal reaction is 150-200 DEG C, and the reaction time is 15-24 hours.
In above-mentioned steps (2), first the material that centrifugation is replaced into aqueous solution is added in bottle, adds the oxygen of 5-15mg Graphite alkene solution after sonic oscillation is uniform, using sand core filter tunnel, pumps moisture therein, can obtain one it is membranaceous The composite material of structure.
In above-mentioned steps (3), inert atmosphere is nitrogen atmosphere;Carburizing temperature is 200-400 DEG C, and carbonization time is that 5-10 is small When.
The present invention also provides a kind of soft graphite alkenyl polyamides of membrane structure according to made from above-mentioned preparation method is sub- Amine composite material.
The present invention compared with the existing technology, has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
1, the present invention prepares the graphene-based composite polyimide material of membrane structure, solvent heat by the method for solvent heat In the process, polyimides graphene skeleton surface homogeneous polymerization in situ can a step complete, method is easy, and carbon layers having thicknesses can It adjusts.
2, the present invention prepares composite material by the polymer precursor of carbon source, polyimides as carbon-coating of graphene, former Expect designability, it is low in cost;
3, it joined the graphene oxide of stratiform in the present invention, so that the material formed has the appearance structure of film-form, There is mechanical flexibility well compared with material in the prior art.
4, the soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material of the membrane structure prepared by the present invention is as lithium ion battery Anode has high reversible capacity, extraordinary cyclical stability and high rate performance, it is shown that excellent chemical property, 30mA·g-1Charging or discharging current under, capacity can reach 198mAhg-1, in 4Ag-1Lower capacity is 103mAhg-1It is excellent High rate performance, in 1Ag-1Under 2000 times circulation after capacity retention ratio be more than 74% overlength cycle life.Of the invention The graphene-based composite polyimide material that method is prepared is with a wide range of applications in rechargeable battery field.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the shape appearance figure for the soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material that embodiment 1 obtains membrane structure.
Fig. 2 is that embodiment 1 obtains the soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material of membrane structure as lithium ion battery The cycle performance figure of positive electrode.
Fig. 3 is that embodiment 1 obtains the soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material of membrane structure as lithium ion battery The high rate performance figure of positive electrode.
Fig. 4 is that embodiment 1 obtains the soft graphite alkenyl composite polyimide material of membrane structure as lithium ion battery The long circulating performance map of positive electrode.
Specific embodiment
The following examples can make those skilled in the art that the present invention be more fully understood, but not limit in any form The present invention.
Embodiment 1
The first step prepares graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI):
(1) by N-Methyl pyrrolidone solution (5mL) ultrasound of 2mg/mL graphene oxide, uniformly mixed dispersion is formed Liquid;
(2) naphthalenetetracarbacidic acidic dianhydride is added in Xiang Shangshu dispersion liquid, is vigorously stirred half an hour;Wherein, the naphthalene tetramethyl of addition Acid dianhydride: ethylenediamine: the quality amount ratio of graphene oxide is 4:8:1.
(3) ethylenediamine that 890 μ L concentration are 10.56mg/mL is added in the above solution, will be mixed after being vigorously stirred half an hour It closes liquid to pour into glass-lined, carries out solvent thermal reaction, reaction temperature is 200 DEG C, and the reaction time is 24 hours.
Second step prepares the graphene-based composite polyimide material of membrane structure (G@PI/RGO):
(1) composite material that solvent heat obtains constantly is centrifuged by the way that deionized water is added, the NMP replaced in material is molten Liquid obtains the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI) of aqueous solution, and adding 10mg graphene oxide solution, (concentration is 2mg/mL), deionized water is added to 20mL, sonic oscillation is uniform.
(2) material that ultrasound finishes is poured into sand core suction funnel, filter membrane is polypropylene microporous filter membrane (aperture Φ 0.22 μm), the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI/RGO) of membrane structure is obtained by filtering, membrane structure is answered Condensation material has extraordinary mechanical flexibility, and due to joined graphene oxide, so electric conductivity obtains well.
(3) film material is put into tube furnace in nitrogen atmosphere and carries out high temperature cabonization, 300 DEG C of temperature holdings 8 are small When, finally obtain the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI/RGO) of membrane structure.
(4) scanning electron microscope (SEM) map of the membranaceous graphene-based composite polyimide material is as illustrated in figures la-c.By institute Composite material (G@PI/RGO) is obtained as anode material for lithium-ion batteries and is assembled into the button-shaped half-cell of lithium ion, uses pour lithium slice As to electrode.1M LiTFSI is dissolved in 1,3- dioxolanes (DOL)/glycol dimethyl ether (DME) (volume ratio 1:1) Mixed solution in be formulated as electrolyte, utilize button-shaped half-cell carry out electro-chemical test, cycle performance figure, high rate performance Figure and long circulating figure difference are as shown in Figure 2,3, 4.
Embodiment 2
The first step prepares graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI):
(1) by N-Methyl pyrrolidone solution (5mL) ultrasound of 2mg/mL graphene oxide, uniformly mixed dispersion is formed Liquid;
(2) naphthalenetetracarbacidic acidic dianhydride is added in Xiang Shangshu dispersion liquid, is vigorously stirred half an hour;Wherein, the naphthalene tetramethyl of addition Acid dianhydride: ethylenediamine: the quality amount ratio of graphene oxide is 2:4:1.
(3) ethylenediamine that 450 μ L concentration are 10.56mg/mL is added in the above solution, will be mixed after being vigorously stirred half an hour It closes liquid to pour into glass-lined, carries out solvent thermal reaction, reaction temperature is 200 DEG C, and the reaction time is 24 hours.
Second step prepares the graphene-based composite polyimide material of membrane structure (G@PI/RGO):
(1) composite material that solvent heat obtains constantly is centrifuged by the way that deionized water is added, the NMP replaced in material is molten Liquid obtains the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI) of aqueous solution, and adding 10mg graphene oxide solution, (concentration is 2mg/mL), deionized water is added to 20mL, sonic oscillation is uniform.
(2) material that ultrasound finishes is poured into sand core suction funnel, filter membrane is polypropylene microporous filter membrane (aperture Φ 0.22 μm), the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI/RGO) of membrane structure is obtained by filtering, membrane structure is answered Condensation material has extraordinary mechanical flexibility, and due to joined graphene oxide, so electric conductivity obtains well.
(3) film material is put into tube furnace in nitrogen atmosphere and carries out high temperature cabonization, 300 DEG C of temperature holdings 8 are small When, finally obtain the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI/RGO) of membrane structure.
Embodiment 3
The first step prepares graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI):
(1) by N-Methyl pyrrolidone solution (5mL) ultrasound of 2mg/mL graphene oxide, uniformly mixed dispersion is formed Liquid;
(2) naphthalenetetracarbacidic acidic dianhydride is added in Xiang Shangshu dispersion liquid, is vigorously stirred half an hour;Wherein, the naphthalene tetramethyl of addition Acid dianhydride: ethylenediamine: the quality amount ratio of graphene oxide is 3:6:1.
(3) ethylenediamine that 670 μ L concentration are 10.56mg/mL is added in the above solution, will be mixed after being vigorously stirred half an hour It closes liquid to pour into glass-lined, carries out solvent thermal reaction, reaction temperature is 200 DEG C, and the reaction time is 24 hours.
Second step prepares the graphene-based composite polyimide material of membrane structure (G@PI/RGO):
(1) composite material that solvent heat obtains constantly is centrifuged by the way that deionized water is added, the NMP replaced in material is molten Liquid obtains the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI) of aqueous solution, and adding 10mg graphene oxide solution, (concentration is 2mg/mL), deionized water is added to 20mL, sonic oscillation is uniform.
(2) material that ultrasound finishes is poured into sand core suction funnel, filter membrane is polypropylene microporous filter membrane (aperture Φ 0.22 μm), the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI/RGO) of membrane structure is obtained by filtering, membrane structure is answered Condensation material has extraordinary mechanical flexibility, and due to joined graphene oxide, so electric conductivity obtains well.
(3) film material is put into tube furnace in nitrogen atmosphere and carries out high temperature cabonization, 300 DEG C of temperature holdings 8 are small When, finally obtain the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI/RGO) of membrane structure.
As shown in Figure 1 to 4: Fig. 1 a is the graphene-based composite polyimide material of membrane structure that example 1 is prepared The cross-sectional scans Electronic Speculum map of (G PI/RGO), it can be seen that the composite material shows the stacked structure of stratiform.Fig. 1 b is The practical finished figure of membranaceous composite material is prepared in example 1, it can be seen that the material is very thin membrane structure.Fig. 1 c is The effect picture of the material that example 1 is prepared in a flexed condition according, it can be seen that the composite material shows very excellent machine Tool flexibility.Fig. 2 is that the graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI) that example 1 is prepared and membrane structure are graphene-based The lithium ion battery constant current cycle curve comparison figure of composite polyimide material (G@PI/RGO), it can be seen that membrane structure is answered Condensation material has very high reversible capacity (the 198mA h g1 at 30mA g1), and efficiency keeps very high.Fig. 3 is example 1 The graphene-based composite polyimide material (G@PI) and the graphene-based composite polyimide material of membrane structure (G@being prepared PI/RGO lithium ion battery high rate performance curve comparison figure), it can be seen that the graphene-based polyimides composite wood of membrane structure (G@PI/RGO) is expected under different current densities, which shows extremely excellent high rate performance.Fig. 4 is the system of example 1 The lithium ion battery long circulating performance curve of the standby obtained graphene-based composite polyimide material of membrane structure (G@PI/RGO), It can be seen that the material still has very high efficiency and specific volume under the current density of 1000mA g1 after 2500 circle of circulation Amount.

Claims (7)

1.一种膜状结构的柔性石墨烯基聚酰亚胺复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:1. a preparation method of the flexible graphene-based polyimide composite material of film-like structure, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps: (1)将萘四甲酸二酐NTCDA和乙二胺加入到氧化石墨烯的N-甲基吡咯烷酮NMP溶液中进行溶剂热反应;(1) naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride NTCDA and ethylenediamine are added in the N-methylpyrrolidone NMP solution of graphene oxide and carry out solvothermal reaction; (2)溶剂热反应结束后,通过在体系中加入水不断离心,置换出体系中的NMP溶液,再加入氧化石墨烯溶液抽滤成膜;(2) after the solvothermal reaction finishes, the NMP solution in the system is replaced by adding water to the system for continuous centrifugation, and then the graphene oxide solution is added to form a film by suction filtration; (3)将步骤(2)抽滤获得的膜材料在惰性气氛下碳化,得到膜状结构的柔性石墨烯基聚酰亚胺复合材料。(3) carbonizing the membrane material obtained by suction filtration in step (2) in an inert atmosphere to obtain a flexible graphene-based polyimide composite material with a membrane-like structure. 2.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,氧化石墨烯的NMP溶液通过在氧化石墨烯水溶液中加入NMP溶液中离心获得;氧化石墨烯的NMP溶液的浓度为2-3mg/mL。2. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step (1), the NMP solution of graphene oxide is obtained by adding NMP solution in the graphene oxide aqueous solution and centrifuging; the concentration of the NMP solution of graphene oxide 2-3 mg/mL. 3.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,萘四甲酸二酐NTCDA、乙二胺和氧化石墨烯的质量比为(2-4):(4-8):1。3. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in step (1), the mass ratio of naphthalene tetracarboxylic dianhydride NTCDA, ethylenediamine and graphene oxide is (2-4): (4-8 ):1. 4.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(1)中,溶剂热反应的温度为150-200℃,反应时间为15-24小时。4. preparation method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in step (1), the temperature of solvothermal reaction is 150-200 ℃, and the reaction time is 15-24 hours. 5.根据权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤(3)中,惰性气氛为氮气气氛;碳化温度为200-400℃,碳化时间为5-10小时。5. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step (3), the inert atmosphere is a nitrogen atmosphere; the carbonization temperature is 200-400°C, and the carbonization time is 5-10 hours. 6.一种根据权利要求1~5之一所述的制备方法制得的膜状结构的柔性石墨烯基聚酰亚胺复合材料。6. A flexible graphene-based polyimide composite material with a film-like structure prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5. 7.一种根据权利要求6所述的膜状结构的柔性石墨烯基聚酰亚胺复合材料作为锂离子电池正极材料的应用。7 . The application of the flexible graphene-based polyimide composite material with a film-like structure according to claim 6 as a positive electrode material for lithium ion batteries. 8 .
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Cited By (3)

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CN111446448A (en) * 2020-03-09 2020-07-24 武汉理工大学 Preparation method of polyimide/graphene composite lithium ion battery cathode material based on conjugated carbonyl
CN114300681A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-04-08 齐鲁工业大学 A kind of graphene composite polyimide electrode material and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20190524