CN109787385B - Three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor - Google Patents
Three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN109787385B CN109787385B CN201910145324.7A CN201910145324A CN109787385B CN 109787385 B CN109787385 B CN 109787385B CN 201910145324 A CN201910145324 A CN 201910145324A CN 109787385 B CN109787385 B CN 109787385B
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Abstract
The application provides a three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor, which comprises: a stator and a rotor; the stator is positioned inside the rotor; the stator has 6*k stator poles, the rotor has 8*k rotor poles, k is a positive integer; the stator comprises a stator core, stator magnetic poles on the stator core, a stator yoke, a stator shaft, stator magnetic pole windings and a stator bearing; the rotor comprises a rotor core, rotor magnetic poles on the rotor core, a rotor yoke, permanent magnets, a rotor steel ring for mounting and fastening the rotor core, a rotor front end cover and a rotor rear end cover. The three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor stator provided by the application is positioned in the rotor, the stator is provided with 6*k stator poles, the rotor is provided with 8*k rotor poles, and k is a positive integer, compared with the existing outer stator and inner rotor structure, the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor stator has the advantages that the rotor radius is increased, the electromagnetic torque is improved, and the effect of simultaneously acting of the three-phase electromagnetic mechanism is fully exerted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of permanent magnet switch reluctance motors, in particular to a three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor.
Background
The switch reluctance motor generates electromagnetic torque based on the magnetic circuit reluctance minimum principle, and realizes the conversion of electric energy into mechanical energy.
Under the conventional condition, the switch reluctance motor is of an outer stator and inner rotor structure, the radius of the rotor is small, the torque improvement is directly influenced, and the low-speed large torque output is not facilitated under the condition that the number of poles of the rotor is smaller than that of poles of the stator.
The single-phase winding is adopted for alternately supplying power and exciting or the two-phase supplying power and exciting, and the two supplying power modes do not fully exert the function of simultaneously acting of the three-phase electromagnetic mechanism.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the embodiment of the application provides a three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor.
A three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor, the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor comprising: a stator and a rotor;
the stator is positioned inside the rotor;
The stator comprises a stator core, stator magnetic poles on the stator core, a stator yoke, a stator shaft, stator magnetic pole windings and a stator bearing;
The rotor comprises a rotor core, rotor magnetic poles on the rotor core, a rotor yoke, permanent magnets, a rotor steel ring for mounting and fastening the rotor core, a rotor front end cover and a rotor rear end cover;
6*k stator magnets are arranged;
8*k rotor magnets are arranged;
And k is a positive integer.
Optionally, the stator core and the rotor core are formed by laminating silicon steel sheets;
the thickness of the silicon steel sheet is 0.5 mm.
Optionally, the permanent magnets are magnetized in the thickness direction, and are embedded into the rotor yoke in a mode that the polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are the same;
The magnetized rotor magnetic poles are alternately and symmetrically distributed in N.S.N.S;
the permanent magnet is a rare earth permanent magnet.
Optionally, the rotor further comprises: front pressing plate of rotor core and rear pressing plate of rotor core;
the rotor core front pressing plate, the rotor core rear pressing plate and the rotor steel ring are made of non-magnetic metal;
After the rotor core and the permanent magnets are stacked, the rotor core front pressing plate and the rotor core rear pressing plate are fastened into an integrated rotor core through rivets;
The integrated rotor core is embedded into the rotor steel ring.
Optionally, stator pole windings are wound on the stator pole, wherein the stator pole windings have the same wire diameter, the same number of turns and the same winding direction;
The stator magnetic pole windings belonging to the same phase are connected in series or in parallel along the polarity to form phase windings, and finally three-phase windings are formed.
Alternatively, three-phase windings are star connected;
the three-phase winding adopts an IGBT or MOSFET three-phase H bridge as a power circuit;
the three-phase windings are simultaneously powered.
Optionally, output ends U, V and W of the three-phase H bridge are respectively connected with A, B and C of the three-phase winding;
The three-phase H bridge comprises a T 1 power tube, a T 2 power tube, a T 3 power tube, a T 4 power tube, a T 5 power tube and a T 6 power tube;
T 1,T4 is connected with A;
t 3,T6 is connected with B;
t 2,T5 is connected with C;
Phase a includes stator poles a 1 and a 2;
Phase B includes stator poles B 1 and B 2;
Phase C includes stator poles C 1 and C 2;
the rotor magnetic pole comprises N 1,S1,N2,S2,N3,S3,N4,S4;
The three-phase windings are aligned with the A 1 and the N 1 before being simultaneously powered;
when the three-phase windings are simultaneously supplied with power, if the rotor rotates clockwise, the following 6 beats are repeatedly executed in sequence,
First beat: a 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 4,T5,T6 is turned on, and T 1,T2,T3 is turned off;
Second beat: b 1 is aligned with S 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through positive current, T 3,T4,T5 is on, and T 1,T2,T6 is off;
Third beat: c 1 is aligned with N 2, a phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 2,T3,T4 turns on, T 1,T5,T6 turns off;
fourth beat: a 1 is aligned with S 4, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T3 turns on, T 4,T5,T6 turns off;
Fifth beat: b 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T6 is on, and T 3,T4,T5 is off;
Sixth beat: c 1 is aligned with S 1, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 1,T5,T6 turns on, T 2,T3,T4 turns off;
when the three-phase windings are simultaneously supplied with power, if the rotor rotates counterclockwise, the following 6 beats are repeatedly sequentially executed,
First beat: a 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 2,T3,T4 is on, and T 1,T5,T6 is off;
Second beat: c 1 is aligned with S 2, a phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through positive current, T 3,T4,T5 turns on, T 1,T2,T6 turns off;
Third beat: b 1 is aligned with N 2, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 4,T5,T6 is turned on, and T 1,T2,T3 is turned off;
Fourth beat: a 1 is aligned with S 1, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 1,T5,T6 turns on, T 2,T3,T4 turns off;
Fifth beat: c 1 is aligned with N 3, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T6 turns on, T 3,T4,T5 turns off;
sixth beat: b 1 is aligned with S 2, a-phase flows through positive current, B-phase flows through positive current, C-phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T3 is on, and T 4,T5,T6 is off.
Optionally, the rotor comprises a rotor slot;
the pole arc angle of the rotor magnetic pole is equal to the arc angle of the rotor notch;
The pole arc angle of the stator magnetic pole is n times of the pole arc angle of the rotor magnetic pole; and n is [1.01,1.2].
Optionally, the n=1.1 or n=1.2.
Optionally, the stator further comprises: stator core front pressing plate and stator core back pressing plate;
after the stator iron cores are stacked, the front pressing plate and the rear pressing plate of the stator iron cores are fastened on the stator shaft;
the stator shaft is provided with a through hole and an axle center through hole for leading out a three-phase winding lead-out wire and a position detection signal wire.
The beneficial effects are as follows:
The three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor stator provided by the application is positioned in the rotor, the stator is provided with 6*k stator poles, the rotor is provided with 8*k rotor poles, and k is a positive integer, compared with the existing outer stator and inner rotor structure, the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor stator has the advantages that the rotor radius is increased, the electromagnetic torque is improved, and the effect of simultaneously acting of the three-phase electromagnetic mechanism is fully exerted.
Drawings
Specific embodiments of the application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic axial cross-sectional view of a three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic radial cross-sectional view of a three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a front and rear pressing plate of a rotor core according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of a rotor rim according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of a front and rear pressing plate of a stator core according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a pole arc angle of a stator and rotor pole according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing an expanded structure of a three-phase winding according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a stator pole winding according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase winding connection according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a power circuit diagram of a three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a stator and rotor magnetic pole state when a three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor a 1N1 is aligned according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a stator and rotor magnetic pole state when a three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor B 1S1 is aligned according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a stator and rotor magnetic pole state when a three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor C 1N2 is aligned according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a stator and rotor magnetic pole state when a three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor a 1S4 is aligned according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 15 is a schematic diagram showing a stator and rotor magnetic pole state when a three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor B 1N1 is aligned according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram showing a stator and rotor magnetic pole state when the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor C 1S1 is aligned according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals illustrate:
02-rotor steel ring, 03-rotor yoke, 04-permanent magnet, 05-rotor magnetic pole, 06-stator magnetic pole, 07-stator magnetic pole winding, 08-stator yoke, 09-stator shaft, 11-A phase bipolar position sensor, 12-B phase bipolar position sensor, 13-C phase bipolar position sensor, 14-rotor front end cover, 15-rotor rear end cover, 16-bearing, 17-phase winding lead wire, 18-stator core front pressing plate, 19-stator core rear pressing plate, 20-rotor core front pressing plate, 21-rotor core rear pressing plate and 23-end cover fixing screw hole.
Detailed Description
Under the conventional condition, the switch reluctance motor is of an outer stator and inner rotor structure, the radius of a rotor is small, torque improvement is directly affected, and under the condition that the number of poles of the rotor is smaller than that of poles of a stator, low-speed large torque output is not facilitated, and the function of simultaneously acting of the three-phase electromagnetic mechanism cannot be fully exerted.
In view of this, the application provides a three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor, the stator of which is positioned in the rotor, the stator has 6*k stator poles, the rotor has 8*k rotor poles, k is a positive integer, compared with the existing outer stator and inner rotor structure, the radius of the rotor is increased, the electromagnetic torque is improved, and the function of simultaneously acting of the three-phase electromagnetic mechanism is fully exerted.
The three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor provided by the embodiment is a 6/8 outer rotor three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor.
Referring to fig. 1, the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor includes: a stator and a rotor.
1. Stator
The stator is located inside the rotor.
The stator comprises a stator core, a stator magnet on the stator core, a stator yoke, a stator shaft, stator pole windings and a stator bearing.
The number of the stator magnets is 6*k, and k is a positive integer.
The stator core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, wherein the thickness of the silicon steel sheets is 0.5 millimeter.
Stator pole windings are wound on the stator pole, wherein the stator pole windings have the same wire diameter, the same number of turns and the same winding direction.
The stator magnetic pole windings belonging to the same phase are connected in series or in parallel along the polarity to form phase windings, the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor is provided with three phases, an A phase, a B phase and a C phase, the stator magnetic pole windings belonging to the A phase are connected in series or in parallel along the polarity to form an A phase winding AX, the stator magnetic pole windings belonging to the B phase are connected in series or in parallel along the polarity to form a B phase winding BY, and the stator magnetic pole windings belonging to the C phase are connected in series or in parallel along the polarity to form a C phase winding CZ, so that three-phase windings (AX, BY, CZ) are finally formed.
Wherein A, B, C are phase identifiers respectively. AX is the A phase winding, and the corresponding positive current flows in from the A end and flows out from the X end. BY is a B phase winding, and corresponding positive current flows in from the B end and flows out from the Y end. CZ is a C-phase winding, and a corresponding positive current flows in from the C end and flows out from the Z end.
The three-phase windings are connected in a star shape.
The three-phase winding adopts an IGBT or MOSFET three-phase H bridge as a power circuit. The three-phase windings are simultaneously powered.
The output ends U, V and W of the three-phase H bridge are respectively connected with A, B and C of the three-phase winding. Wherein U, V and W are respectively output end identifiers.
The three-phase H bridge comprises a T 1 power tube, a T 2 power tube, a T 3 power tube, a T 4 power tube, a T 5 power tube and a T 6 power tube.
T 1,T4 is connected with A.
T 3,T6 is connected with B.
T 2,T5 is connected to C.
Phase a includes stator poles a 1 and a 2;
Phase B includes stator poles B 1 and B 2;
Phase C includes stator poles C 1 and C 2;
The rotor poles include N 1,S1,N2,S2,N3,S3,N4,S4.
As shown in fig. 7 to 9, three-phase windings (AX, BY, CZ) are connected in a star circuit, and a three-phase IGBT (or MOSFET) H-bridge is adopted as a power circuit (as shown in fig. 10) of the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor provided in the present embodiment.
According to the principle that stator poles and rotor poles are aligned and current commutation is started, the on or off of T 1 to T 6 power tubes in a power circuit is controlled according to the current commutation rule of a current commutation table shown in table 1, three-phase windings are simultaneously powered and excited, and N.N.S.N.S or S.S.S.N magnetic polarity distribution is generated on stator poles.
In any working beat, the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor generates electromagnetic moment in the same rotation direction between all stator and rotor magnetic poles, and converts electric energy into mechanical energy with high efficiency and high power density.
Namely:
The three phase windings are aligned with a 1 and N 1 before simultaneous powering.
When the three-phase windings are simultaneously supplied with power, if the rotor rotates clockwise, the following 6 beats are repeatedly executed in sequence,
First beat: a 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 4,T5,T6 is turned on, and T 1,T2,T3 is turned off;
Second beat: b 1 is aligned with S 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through positive current, T 3,T4,T5 is on, and T 1,T2,T6 is off;
Third beat: c 1 is aligned with N 2, a phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 2,T3,T4 turns on, T 1,T5,T6 turns off;
fourth beat: a 1 is aligned with S 4, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T3 turns on, T 4,T5,T6 turns off;
Fifth beat: b 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T6 is on, and T 3,T4,T5 is off;
Sixth beat: c 1 is aligned with S 1, a-phase flows through positive current, B-phase flows through negative current, C-phase flows through positive current, T 1,T5,T6 is on, and T 2,T3,T4 is off.
When the three-phase windings are simultaneously supplied with power, if the rotor rotates counterclockwise, the following 6 beats are repeatedly sequentially executed,
First beat: a 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 2,T3,T4 is on, and T 1,T5,T6 is off;
Second beat: c 1 is aligned with S 2, a phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through positive current, T 3,T4,T5 turns on, T 1,T2,T6 turns off;
Third beat: b 1 is aligned with N 2, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 4,T5,T6 is turned on, and T 1,T2,T3 is turned off;
Fourth beat: a 1 is aligned with S 1, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 1,T5,T6 turns on, T 2,T3,T4 turns off;
Fifth beat: c 1 is aligned with N 3, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T6 turns on, T 3,T4,T5 turns off;
sixth beat: b 1 is aligned with S 2, a-phase flows through positive current, B-phase flows through positive current, C-phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T3 is on, and T 4,T5,T6 is off.
TABLE 1
Wherein AX is a phase A winding, current flowing in from an end A is positive current (+I A), current flowing out from an end X is negative current (-I A), BY is a phase B winding, current flowing in from an end B is positive current (+I B), current flowing out from an end Y is negative current (-I B), CZ is a phase C winding, current flowing in from an end C is +current (+I C), current flowing out from an end Z is negative current (-I C), and positions of three position sensors A, B and C are distributed on central lines of poles A 1, poles B 1 and poles C 1 of a stator.
In addition, the stator further includes: stator core front clamp plate, stator core back clamp plate.
After the stator iron cores are stacked, the front pressing plate and the rear pressing plate of the stator iron cores are fastened on the stator shaft.
The stator shaft is provided with a through hole and an axle center through hole for leading out a three-phase winding lead-out wire and a position detection signal wire.
For example, referring to fig. 6, after the stator core is stacked, the stator core is fastened on the stator shaft by the front and rear pressing plates of the stator core and the rear pressing plate of the stator core, and the stator shaft is provided with a through hole and an axle center through hole for leading out the three-phase winding outgoing line and the position detection signal line. The stator magnetic pole windings are wound in the same wire diameter, same number of turns and same winding direction, the same name end of each stator magnetic pole winding is denoted by a sign of a head end, b and c, the tail end is denoted by x, y and z, and the stator magnetic pole windings belonging to the same phase are connected in series (or in parallel) along the polarity to form phase windings (namely, the head end is connected in series with the tail end or the head end is connected in parallel with the head end, and the tail end is connected in parallel with the tail end).
2. Rotor
The rotor is located outside the stator.
The rotor has 8*k rotor poles, k is a positive integer.
The rotor comprises a rotor core, rotor magnetic poles on the rotor core, a rotor yoke, permanent magnets, a rotor steel ring for mounting and fastening the rotor core, a rotor front end cover and a rotor rear end cover.
The rotor core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets, wherein the thickness of the silicon steel sheets is 0.5 millimeter.
The permanent magnets are magnetized in the thickness direction, and are embedded in the rotor yoke in a manner that the polarities of adjacent permanent magnets are the same.
The magnetized rotor magnetic poles are alternately and symmetrically distributed on the inner circumference of the rotor core.
The permanent magnet is rare earth permanent magnet with high magnetic flux density and high magnetic energy product.
In addition, the rotor further includes: rotor core front clamp plate, rotor core back clamp plate.
The front pressing plate of the rotor core, the rear pressing plate of the rotor core and the rotor steel ring are made of non-magnetic metal.
For example, referring to fig. 6, the rotor core front platen, the rotor core rear platen, and the rotor rim are non-magnetically permeable stainless steel.
After the rotor core and the permanent magnets are stacked, the rotor core front pressing plate and the rotor core rear pressing plate are fastened into an integrated rotor core through rivets. The integrated rotor core is embedded in the rotor steel ring.
For example, referring to fig. 3 and 4, after the rotor core and the permanent magnet are stacked, the rotor core is fastened into an integral rotor core by rivets using a rotor core front pressing plate and a rotor core rear pressing plate, and then the integral rotor core is embedded into a rotor rim, and a rotor front end cover and a rotor rear end cover are fastened on left and right sides of the rotor rim.
In addition, the rotor includes a rotor slot.
The pole arc angle phi 1 of the rotor pole is equal to the rotor slot arc angle phi 2, i.e. phi 1＝φ2 (mechanical angle).
The pole arc angle phi 0 of the stator pole is n times the pole arc angle phi 1 of the rotor pole, i.e. phi 0＝n*φ1 (mechanical angle).
Wherein n is ∈ [1.01,1.2].
For example, n=1.1, i.e., Φ 0＝1.1φ1.
As another example, n=1.2, i.e., Φ 0＝1.2φ1.
In a specific implementation, the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor provided in this embodiment may include a stator and a rotor as shown in fig. 1 to 10.
In the structure of the outer stator and the inner rotor in the prior art, the stator of the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor provided by the implementation is positioned in the rotor, namely the structure of the inner stator and the outer rotor.
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor provided in the present embodiment is an inner stator 6-pole and outer rotor 8-pole three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor, and the structure thereof includes a stator pole 06, a stator yoke 08, a stator shaft 09, a stator bearing 16 and a stator pole winding 07; the rotor magnetic poles 05, rotor yokes 03, permanent magnets 04 on the outer rotor iron core, rotor steel rings 02, rotor front end covers 14 and rotor rear end covers 15 for mounting and fastening the rotor iron core, the stator and rotor iron core is formed by laminating silicon steel sheets with the thickness of 0.5mm, the permanent magnets 04 are magnetized in the thickness direction, the permanent magnets are embedded into the rotor yokes 03 according to the same polarity of adjacent permanent magnets, the magnetized rotor magnetic poles are alternately and symmetrically distributed in N.S.N.S. mode, and stator magnetic pole windings 07 are wound in the same wire diameter, same number of turns and the same winding direction. The stator pole windings 07 belonging to the same phase are connected in series (or in parallel) along the polarity to form phase windings (AX, BY, CZ), the three-phase windings are connected in a star shape, a three-phase IGBT (or MOSFET) H bridge is used as a power circuit, according to the principle that the alignment of the stator pole and the rotor pole starts current commutation, the on-off states of T1 to T6 (refer to the circuit shown in FIG. 10) power tubes in the three-phase H bridge are controlled according to the current commutation rule in the table 1, the three-phase windings are simultaneously powered and excited, and the excited stator poles show N.N.S. N.S. polarity or S.S.N.S.S.N. polarity, and are alternately and periodically changed from the first beat to the sixth beat in the table 1 and distributed on the stator pole. The stator magnetic pole polarity distribution ensures that all (including aligned stator magnetic poles and rotor magnetic poles) stator magnetic poles and rotor magnetic poles jointly generate repulsive electromagnetic force and attractive electromagnetic force in the same rotation direction, and the composite electromagnetic torque is large, the efficiency is high and the power density is large.
The three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor mechanism and the working process provided by the embodiment are as follows:
Referring to the state diagrams of the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor in different beats of fig. 11 to 16, the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor provided in this embodiment has the following energy conversion process:
Assuming that the initial state of the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor provided in this embodiment is as shown in fig. 11, before power is not supplied, the stator pole A1 of the a phase is aligned with the rotor pole N1, and the rotor is expected to rotate clockwise (+n), and enters the first beat:
First beat: on the basis of FIG. 11, A 1N1 is aligned, according to the commutation table shown in Table 1, in combination with the power circuit diagram shown in FIG. 10, three tubes of T 4,T5,T6 are triggered to conduct (other three tubes are triggered to turn off), A phase winding flows through negative current (-I A), B phase winding flows through negative current (-I B), C phase winding flows through positive current (+I C), and current directions in the respective phase windings are marked in FIG. 11 -Current in, +—current out), according to the right-hand screw law and the law of electromagnetic force:
1) B-phase stator poles B 1 and B 2 are N-polarity, and B 1 and B 2 generate attractive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to rotor poles S 1 and S 3, respectively, while B 1 and B 2 generate repulsive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to N 2 and N 4 of the rotor, respectively.
2) The C-phase stator poles C 1 and C 2 are S-polarity and generate attractive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles N 2 and N 4, respectively, while C 1 and C 2 generate repulsive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to the rotors S 2 and S 4, respectively.
3) The phase a stator poles a 1 and a 2 are N-polarity and aligned with the rotor poles N 1 and N 3, respectively, and in a rotor rotator with unbalanced stress, a 1 and a 2 can also generate a repulsive electromagnetic force in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles N 1 and N 3, respectively, all stator and rotor poles generate an electromagnetic force in the clockwise direction between them, forming an electromagnetic torque, and the outer rotor rotates in the clockwise direction until the rotor pole S 1 is aligned with the stator pole B 1, as shown in fig. 12. When B 1S1 is aligned, the B phase position sensor sends out phase change information, and firstly three power tubes T 4,T5,T6 are turned off and enter a second beat.
Second beat: based on the stator and rotor magnetic pole positions shown in fig. 12, B 1S1 is aligned, according to commutation table 1, three tubes of T 3,T4,T5 are triggered to be turned on (other three tubes are turned off), the a-phase winding flows through negative current (-I A), the B-phase winding flows through positive current (+i B), the C-phase winding flows through positive current (+i C), the current directions in the respective phase windings are already marked in fig. 12, and it is known according to the right-hand spiral rule and the law of electromagnetic force:
1) The a-phase stator poles a 1 and a 2 are N-polarity, and a 1 and a 2 generate a repulsive electromagnetic force in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles N 1 and N 3, respectively, while a 1 and a 2 generate an attractive electromagnetic force in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles S 4 and S 2, respectively.
2) The C-phase stator poles C 1 and C 2 are S-polarity, and C 1 and C 2 generate attractive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles N 2 and N 4, respectively, while C 1 and C 2 generate repulsive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles S 2 and S 4, respectively.
3) B-phase stator poles B 1 and B 2 are S-polarity and B 1 and B 2 are aligned with the same magnetic polarity as rotor poles S 1 and S 3, respectively, and in a rotor rotating body with unbalanced stress, B 1 and B 2 can also generate repulsive electromagnetic force in the clockwise direction to rotor poles S 1 and S 3, respectively, all stator and rotor poles generate electromagnetic force in the clockwise direction to form electromagnetic torque, and the outer rotor continuously rotates in the clockwise direction until rotor pole N 2 is aligned with stator pole C 1, as shown in fig. 13. When C 1N2 is aligned, the C phase position sensor sends out phase change information, and firstly three power tubes of T 3,T4,T5 are turned off and enter a third beat.
Third beat: based on the stator and rotor magnetic pole positions shown in fig. 13, C 1N2 is aligned, according to commutation table 1, three tubes of T 2,T3,T4 are triggered to be turned on (other three tubes are turned off), the a-phase winding flows through a negative current (-I A), the B-phase winding flows through a positive current (+i B), the C-phase winding flows through a negative current (-I C), the current directions in the respective phase windings are already marked in fig. 13, and according to the right-hand spiral rule and the law of electromagnetic force, it is known that:
1) The a-phase stator poles a 1 and a 2 are N-polarity, and a 1 and a 2 generate attractive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles S 4 and S 2, respectively, while a 1 and a 2 generate repulsive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles N 1 and N 3, respectively.
2) B-phase stator poles B 1 and B 2 are S-polarity, and B 1 and B 2 generate attractive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to rotor poles N 1 and N 3, respectively, while B 1 and B 2 generate repulsive electromagnetic forces in the clockwise direction to rotor poles S 1 and S 3, respectively.
3) The C-phase stator poles C 1 and C 2 are N-polarity and C 1 and C 2 are aligned with the same magnetic polarities as the rotor poles N 2 and N 4, respectively, and in the rotor rotating body with unbalanced stress, C 1 and C 2 can also generate a repulsive electromagnetic force in the clockwise direction to the rotor poles N 2 and N 4, respectively, all stator and rotor poles generate an electromagnetic force in the clockwise direction to form an electromagnetic torque, and the outer rotor continuously rotates in the clockwise direction until the rotor pole S 4 is aligned with the stator pole a 1, as shown in fig. 14. When A 1S4 is aligned, the A phase position sensor sends out phase change information, firstly three power tubes of T 2,T3,T4 are turned off, and the fourth beat is entered.
The analysis methods of the fourth beat, the fifth beat and the sixth beat are the same as the above methods, except that the serial numbers of the magnetic poles of the aligned-phase rotor are changed, which does not affect the analysis of the operation mechanism of the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor. Meanwhile, the current commutation table shown in table 1 already provides the commutation condition, the state of the power tube, and the direction of the current of each phase for each beat, so the following description is omitted. Fig. 14 is a fourth beat stator/rotor magnetic pole state diagram, fig. 15 is a fifth beat stator/rotor magnetic pole state diagram, and fig. 16 is a sixth beat stator/rotor magnetic pole state diagram.
After the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor provided by the embodiment is powered and operated through the first to sixth beats, the subsequent current commutation beat is a commutation process of sequentially repeating the first beat to the sixth beat, the only difference is that the serial numbers of the rotor magnetic poles aligned with the stator magnetic poles are changed, the magnetic polarities of the rotor magnetic poles are the same as those of the rotor magnetic poles in the corresponding beats of the first to sixth beats, and the commutation process is sequentially circulated and repeatedly used to convert electric energy into mechanical energy with high efficiency and high power density.
The three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor provided by the embodiment has an outer rotor structure, has a larger rotor radius than that of an inner rotor motor with the same type and the same power, and is beneficial to improving electromagnetic torque.
In addition, the number of rotor poles of the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor provided by the embodiment is larger than the number of stator poles, and the output torque is larger (the rotating speed is low) than that of a motor with the same type and same power and with the same number of stator poles.
In addition, the pole arc angle of the outer rotor magnetic pole of the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor provided by the embodiment is equal to the arc angle of the notch of the rotor, the pole arc angle of the inner stator magnetic pole is 1.1 times of the pole arc angle of the rotor magnetic pole, the structure is beneficial to that after the stator is excited, the polarities of the stator magnetic poles are distributed in the form of N.N.S.N.S. and S.S. according to the alternate magnetic polarities of working beats, and for the rotor magnetic poles with the alternate constant distribution of N.S.N.S. relative to the magnetic polarities of the rotor, all stator magnetic poles (including the aligned stator magnetic poles) generate repulsive electromagnetic force and attractive electromagnetic force in the same rotating direction, the synthesized torque is large, and all electromagnetic mechanisms of the motor are fully utilized.
In addition, the stator pole windings of the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor provided by the embodiment are wound in the same number of turns and the same winding direction, all stator pole windings belonging to the same phase are connected in series (or in parallel) along the polarity to form phase windings, the three-phase windings are connected in a star shape, the on-off states of the T 1 to T 6 power tubes in the three-phase H bridge are controlled according to the current commutation rule of the current commutation table shown in the table 1, and three-phase simultaneous power supply excitation is performed, so that the stator poles are ensured to be in polarity distribution of N.N.S.N.S.S. and S.S.S.N.S.N. alternately according to work beats, electromagnetic repulsive force and attractive force generated by all stator poles and rotor poles of the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor are electromagnetic force in the same rotation direction, and the synthesized torque is maximized.
In addition, the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor provided by the embodiment generates electromagnetic force in the same rotation direction among all stator and rotor poles, and the synthesized electromagnetic torque is large. Compared with the same type of three-phase switch reluctance motor with an outer stator (6 poles) with the same power, the motor has large torque and low speed. The three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor provided by the embodiment can be used as a basic unit to design and produce low-speed and high-torque outer rotor three-phase permanent magnet motors, and can be suitable for 6*k/8*k poles (K=1, 2,3 … positive integers) and other multipole outer rotor three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motors.
The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor provided by the embodiment is a 6/8-pole outer rotor three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor. The three-phase motor with 6 poles of the inner stator and 8 poles of the outer rotor is a basic unit with multiple rotor poles, and the motor with more stator and rotor poles can be formed by multiple basic units so as to realize the low-speed and large-torque output characteristic. The high magnetic energy product permanent magnet magnetized in the thickness direction is embedded in the center of the yoke part between the rotor magnetic poles, the magnetized rotor magnetic poles are uniformly distributed in an N.S.N.S cross mode, the stator magnetic poles are uniformly distributed to the A.B.C three-phase magnetic poles, and all the stator magnetic poles are wound with magnetic pole windings according to the same winding direction and equal turns. The pole windings of the same phase are serially connected (or parallelly connected) along the polarity to form phase windings (AX, BY, CZ), the three-phase windings are connected into a star shape, according to the commutation principle of alignment of the stator pole and the rotor pole, the three-phase windings are simultaneously powered and excited according to the current commutation rule of a current commutation table, and after the stator pole presents N.N.S.N.S.S. (or S.S.N) magnetic polarity distribution, in the operation of the motor, in any working beat, the dragging electromagnetic moment in the same direction is generated among all stator pole and rotor pole, so that all electromagnetic mechanisms of the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor are fully utilized, and electric energy is converted into mechanical energy with high efficiency and high power density.
The three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor stator provided by the embodiment is positioned in the rotor, the stator is provided with 6*k stator poles, the rotor is provided with 8*k rotor poles, and k is a positive integer, compared with the existing outer stator and inner rotor structure, the three-phase permanent magnet switch reluctance motor stator has the advantages that the rotor radius is increased, the electromagnetic torque is improved, and the effect that the three-phase electromagnetic mechanism simultaneously works is fully exerted.
It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the particular arrangements and instrumentality described above and shown in the drawings. For the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods is omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. The method processes of the present invention are not limited to the specific steps described and shown, but various changes, modifications and additions, or the order between steps may be made by those skilled in the art after appreciating the spirit of the present invention.
It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this disclosure describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. The present invention is not limited to the order of the above-described steps, that is, the steps may be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or may be performed in a different order from the order in the embodiments, or several steps may be performed simultaneously.
Finally, it should be noted that: the embodiments described above are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced with equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor, the three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor comprising: a stator and a rotor;
the stator is positioned inside the rotor;
The stator comprises a stator core, stator magnetic poles on the stator core, a stator yoke, a stator shaft, stator magnetic pole windings and a stator bearing;
The rotor comprises a rotor core, rotor magnetic poles on the rotor core, a rotor yoke, permanent magnets, a rotor steel ring for mounting and fastening the rotor core, a rotor front end cover and a rotor rear end cover;
the rotor comprises a rotor notch, the polar arc angle of the rotor magnetic pole is equal to the arc angle of the rotor notch, the polar arc angle of the stator magnetic pole is n times of the polar arc angle of the rotor magnetic pole, and n is epsilon [1.01,1.2];
Magnetizing the permanent magnets in the thickness direction, and embedding the permanent magnets into a rotor yoke in the same manner as the adjacent permanent magnets in polarity;
The magnetized rotor magnetic poles are alternately and symmetrically distributed in N.S.N.S;
6*k stator magnets are arranged;
8*k rotor magnets are arranged;
And k is a positive integer.
2. The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the stator core and the rotor core are each laminated by silicon steel sheets;
the thickness of the silicon steel sheet is 0.5 mm.
3. The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet is a rare earth permanent magnet.
4. The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor of claim 1 wherein the rotor further comprises: front pressing plate of rotor core and rear pressing plate of rotor core;
the rotor core front pressing plate, the rotor core rear pressing plate and the rotor steel ring are made of non-magnetic metal;
After the rotor core and the permanent magnets are stacked, the rotor core front pressing plate and the rotor core rear pressing plate are fastened into an integrated rotor core through rivets;
The integrated rotor core is embedded into the rotor steel ring.
5. The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance machine of claim 4 wherein stator pole windings are wound on stator poles, wherein each stator pole winding is of the same wire diameter, the same number of turns, and the same winding direction;
The stator magnetic pole windings belonging to the same phase are connected in series or in parallel along the polarity to form phase windings, and finally three-phase windings are formed.
6. The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor according to claim 5, wherein,
The three-phase windings are connected in a star shape;
the three-phase winding adopts an IGBT or MOSFET three-phase H bridge as a power circuit;
the three-phase windings are simultaneously powered.
7. The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor according to claim 6, wherein,
The output ends U, V and W of the three-phase H bridge are respectively connected with the A, B and C of the three-phase winding, wherein the U, V and W are respectively the output end identifiers, and the A, B and C are respectively the phase identifiers;
The three-phase H bridge comprises a T 1 power tube, a T 2 power tube, a T 3 power tube, a T 4 power tube, a T 5 power tube and a T 6 power tube;
T 1,T4 is connected with A;
t 3,T6 is connected with B;
t 2,T5 is connected with C;
Phase a includes stator poles a 1 and a 2;
Phase B includes stator poles B 1 and B 2;
Phase C includes stator poles C 1 and C 2;
the rotor magnetic pole comprises N 1,S1,N2,S2,N3,S3,N4,S4;
The three-phase windings are aligned with the A 1 and the N 1 before being simultaneously powered;
when the three-phase windings are simultaneously supplied with power, if the rotor rotates clockwise, the following 6 beats are repeatedly executed in sequence,
First beat: a 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 4,T5,T6 is turned on, and T 1,T2,T3 is turned off;
Second beat: b 1 is aligned with S 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through positive current, T 3,T4,T5 is on, and T 1,T2,T6 is off;
Third beat: c 1 is aligned with N 2, a phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 2,T3,T4 turns on, T 1,T5,T6 turns off;
fourth beat: a 1 is aligned with S 4, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T3 turns on, T 4,T5,T6 turns off;
Fifth beat: b 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T6 is on, and T 3,T4,T5 is off;
Sixth beat: c 1 is aligned with S 1, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 1,T5,T6 turns on, T 2,T3,T4 turns off;
when the three-phase windings are simultaneously supplied with power, if the rotor rotates counterclockwise, the following 6 beats are repeatedly sequentially executed,
First beat: a 1 is aligned with N 1, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through negative current, T 2,T3,T4 is on, and T 1,T5,T6 is off;
Second beat: c 1 is aligned with S 2, a phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through positive current, C phase flows through positive current, T 3,T4,T5 turns on, T 1,T2,T6 turns off;
Third beat: b 1 is aligned with N 2, A phase flows through negative current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 4,T5,T6 is turned on, and T 1,T2,T3 is turned off;
Fourth beat: a 1 is aligned with S 1, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through positive current, T 1,T5,T6 turns on, T 2,T3,T4 turns off;
Fifth beat: c 1 is aligned with N 3, a phase flows through positive current, B phase flows through negative current, C phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T6 turns on, T 3,T4,T5 turns off;
sixth beat: b 1 is aligned with S 2, a-phase flows through positive current, B-phase flows through positive current, C-phase flows through negative current, T 1,T2,T3 is on, and T 4,T5,T6 is off.
8. The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein n=1.1 or n=1.2.
9. The three-phase permanent magnet switched reluctance motor of claim 7 wherein the stator further comprises: stator core front pressing plate and stator core back pressing plate;
after the stator iron cores are stacked, the front pressing plate and the rear pressing plate of the stator iron cores are fastened on the stator shaft;
the stator shaft is provided with a through hole and an axle center through hole for leading out a three-phase winding lead-out wire and a position detection signal wire.
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