Power battery cooling device based on ion wind principle
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling device of a power battery, in particular to a power battery cooling method and device based on an ion wind principle, and belongs to the technical field of power battery thermal management.
Background
The lithium battery as a power battery has the advantages of high specific energy, large specific power, long service life, wide working range and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of electric automobiles, hybrid electric automobiles and the like. The safety problem of the power battery is gradually revealed while the power battery is widely applied. Because the lithium cell can produce a large amount of heats at high rate charge-discharge in-process, this heat untimely effluvium can lead to the battery overtemperature and then influence the life of battery, leads to the incident even. Therefore, efficient thermal management of the power battery is an effective solution to the heat dissipation problem.
Most of the existing power battery cooling modes adopt fans for cooling, the fan cooling structure is simple, the maintenance is easy, and harmful gas generated in a battery box can be discharged. However, the air cooling has a low heat exchange coefficient and a low cooling speed, the temperature radiation uniformity does not meet the corresponding requirements, and the required power is increased more and more due to the fact that the air flow rate is linearly increased as the temperature difference between the surface of the unit and the air in the air duct inlet is reduced. The ion wind heat dissipation is a cooling method with simple structure, low power consumption, no noise, no moving parts and remarkable heat dissipation effect. The ionic wind heat dissipation can not only solve the problem of the heat dissipation uniformity of the power battery, but also completely meet the heat dissipation requirement of the power battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low cooling speed, overlarge power consumption, uneven heat dissipation and the like of the traditional air cooling mode, the invention provides the power battery cooling device which is simple in structure, low in power consumption, free of noise and remarkable in heat dissipation effect.
The present invention achieves the above technical objects by the following technical means.
The utility model provides a power battery cooling device based on ionic wind principle, includes casing, ionic wind heat dissipation module, heat dissipation base, heat dissipation metal fin module and power battery module, heat dissipation metal fin module is formed by the heat dissipation metal frame concatenation of a plurality of cavity cuboid forms, and power battery unit is placed to heat dissipation metal frame inside, and heat dissipation metal fin module arranges in and fixes on the inside heat dissipation base of casing, and heat dissipation base is equipped with the sieve mesh that a plurality of confession ionic wind passed through, ionic wind heat dissipation module fixed heat dissipation base below, ionic wind heat dissipation module is ionic wind generator.
In the above scheme, the emitting electrode of the ion wind generator adopts a needle electrode, the receiving electrode adopts a mesh electrode, the ion wind generator further comprises an emitting electrode support, the needle electrode is fixed on the emitting electrode support, and the needle point points to the mesh electrode.
In the above scheme, the emitter electrode of the ion wind generator is a line electrode, and the receiver electrode is a plate electrode.
In the above scheme, the emitter electrode of the ion wind generator is a needle electrode, and the receiver electrode is a plate electrode.
In the above scheme, the emitter of the ion wind generator is a line electrode, and the receiver is a mesh electrode.
In the scheme, the phase-change material is placed inside the heat-radiating metal frame; the phase-change material is a foamed aluminum/paraffin composite phase-change material.
In the scheme, MnO is coated on the inner surface of the sieve mesh2And (3) coating a catalyst.
In the scheme, the graphene heat-conducting glue composite coating is smeared on the surface of the heat dissipation base, which is in contact with the heat dissipation metal frame and the power battery unit.
The power battery cooling device based on the ion wind principle overcomes the defects of the traditional effect, and has the main beneficial effects that: the ion wind heat dissipation module, the heat dissipation base, the heat dissipation metal fin module and the power battery module are combined into a whole, and the cooling performance can be improved under the condition that the size and the weight are not changed. The ion wind heat dissipation module directly dissipates heat of the power battery module, and is favorable for improving the whole air supply quantity, so that the power consumption of the ion wind heat dissipation module is reduced. The ion wind heat dissipation module is located the bottom of power battery module, and the heat that the ion wind carried the power battery module is derived through heat dissipation channel, can carry out even heat dissipation to the power battery module, has solved the inhomogeneous problem of traditional forced air cooling heat dissipation. The graphene heat-conducting glue composite coating is smeared on the surfaces of the heat-radiating base, the heat-radiating metal fin module and the power battery module, so that the number of the heat-radiating metal fin modules can be effectively increasedThe heat conductivity coefficient improves the heat conduction efficiency. MnO is smeared on the inner surface of sieve mesh of the heat dissipation base2The catalyst coating can effectively absorb ozone generated when the ion wind heat dissipation module ionizes air. In addition, the main body of the ion wind heat dissipation module is an ion wind generator, and the ion wind is based on the corona discharge principle, does not need moving parts and can achieve noise-free heat dissipation. Through structural design, the power battery cooling device based on the ion wind principle can have the advantages of energy consumption reduction, uniform heat dissipation, no noise, more remarkable heat dissipation effect and the like.
Drawings
Examples of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power battery cooling device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a power battery module according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a heat dissipation metal fin module according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a heat dissipation base of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a top view of the power battery module, the heat dissipation metal fin module and the heat dissipation base according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of an ion wind heat dissipation module in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of an ion wind heat dissipation module in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an ion wind heat dissipation module in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of an ion wind heat dissipation module in embodiment 4 of the present invention.
In the figure: 10-a housing; 20-a power battery module; 21-a power battery unit; 30-heat dissipation metal fin module; 31-a heat-dissipating metal frame; 32-phase change material; 40-a heat dissipation base; 41-mesh; 42-graphene heat-conducting glue composite coating; 43-MnO2A catalyst coating; 50-ion wind heat dissipation module; 51-an emitter; 52-a receiver electrode; 53-emitter mount.
Detailed Description
The detailed description and technical contents of the present invention are described below with reference to the drawings, but the accompanying drawings are only for reference and description and do not limit the present invention.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the cooling device for a power battery based on the ion wind principle of the present invention includes: the power battery module comprises a shell 10, a power battery module 20, a heat dissipation metal fin module 30, a heat dissipation base 40 and an ion wind heat dissipation module 50, wherein the heat dissipation metal fin module 30, the heat dissipation base 40 and the ion wind heat dissipation module 50 are sequentially arranged inside a rectangular shell 10.
As shown in fig. 6, the ion wind heat dissipation module 50 is fixed at the bottom of the housing 10 by bolts, and any number of holes are formed at the bottom of the housing 10, so that the ion wind heat dissipation module 50 is ensured to have continuous air inrush during the working process, and the corona discharge process is normally performed. The ion wind heat dissipation module 50 is positioned right below the heat dissipation base 40, the main body of the ion wind heat dissipation module 50 is an ion wind generator, the emitter 51 adopts a needle electrode, the receiver 52 adopts a net electrode, the emitter support 53 is fixed in the shell 10, the emitter support 53 is provided with uniformly arranged through holes for the bottom of the needle electrode to pass through, after the needle electrode passes through the through holes, the needle electrode is fixed on the emitter support 53 through insulating glue, in the embodiment, 5 needle electrodes are arranged in each row at fixed intervals; the pin electrodes are connected in series through a lead, and the mesh electrode is grounded. The needle point of the needle electrode points to the mesh electrode, and the needle point of the needle electrode must be on the same plane, so that the phenomenon of 'breakdown' caused by uneven discharge due to the fact that the needle point of the needle electrode is not on the same plane is prevented. The mesh electrode is fixed inside the shell 10 through insulating glue, the distance between the mesh electrode and the needle tip of the needle electrode is L, the value of L is moderate, the value range is 5-10mm, the mesh electrode is not too large, large loss of electron avalanche in the transmission process is prevented, and generated ion wind is small. The mesh electrode is sized to conform to the emitter support 53. The needle electrode can discharge to each mesh of the mesh electrode to generate ion wind.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the power battery module 20 is composed of power battery units 21, the power battery units 21 are cylindrical power batteries, the power battery units 21 are uniformly arranged in 4 rows and 4 columns, and the power battery units 21 are connected in parallel. As shown in fig. 5, each power battery unit 21 is placed on the frame between the sieve holes 41 of the heat dissipation base 40 and the sieve holes, and is located in the center of the frame, so that the sieve holes 41 are not completely blocked by the power battery units 21, and the generated ion wind takes away the heat generated by the power battery module 20 through the sieve holes 41 when the ion wind heat dissipation module 50 works.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the heat dissipation metal fin module 30 is formed by splicing a plurality of hollow rectangular parallelepiped heat dissipation metal frames 31. The height of the heat dissipation metal fin module 30 is consistent with that of the power battery module 20, the side length of the heat dissipation metal frame 31 is smaller than that of the heat dissipation base 40, and a gap is left between the heat dissipation metal frame and the shell 10, and the gap can allow ion wind to pass through and serves as a heat dissipation channel of the ion wind heat dissipation module 50. The heat dissipation metal frame 31 is placed above the sieve holes 41, but cannot completely block the sieve holes 41, so that the ion wind can be discharged from the heat dissipation channel and the gaps of the sieve holes 41, and a good heat dissipation effect is achieved. The side length of the short edges of the upper and lower bottoms of the heat dissipation metal frame 31 is slightly larger than the diameter of the power battery unit 21, so that the heat dissipation metal fin frame 31 can be used for placing and installing the power battery module 20, and the small side length difference can enable the heat dissipation metal fin module 30 to be in close contact with the power battery module 20, reduce the thermal resistance and enhance the heat transfer effect. Meanwhile, the phase-change material 32 is placed inside the heat dissipation metal frame 31, and when the power battery module 20 works, heat is absorbed by the phase-change material 32 inside the heat dissipation metal frame 31. In this example, the heat dissipation metal frame 31 is 4 rows by 4 columns, the phase change material 32 is a foamed aluminum/paraffin composite phase change material, and an appropriate amount of the phase change material 32 is required to prevent the phase change material 32 from generating a phase change and then increasing the volume to cause deformation of the heat dissipation metal frame 31.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the main material of the heat dissipation base 40 is a heat dissipation metal sheet, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the heat dissipation base 40, so as to manufacture the heat dissipation base 40 having the sieve holes 41. The mesh 41 may be square, rectangular, circular, trapezoidal, and other shapes, and in this embodiment, each row of the heat dissipation base 40 has 5 square meshes 41 distributed at the same interval, so that the power battery module can be more uniformly dissipated. Graphene conductor is smeared on the surface of the heat dissipation base 40, which is in contact with the heat dissipation metal frame 31 and the power battery unit 21The thermal adhesive composite coating 42 ensures that the power battery module 30 is attached to the heat dissipation base 40 more tightly, reduces heat dissipation thermal resistance, and improves heat conductivity. MnO is coated on the inner surface of the sieve pore 412The catalyst coating layer 43 absorbs ozone generated when the ion wind heat dissipation module 50 ionizes air.
Example 2
The emitting electrode 51 of the ion wind generator adopts a wire electrode, the receiving electrode 52 adopts a mesh electrode, as shown in fig. 7, the wire electrode adopts a metal thin wire, the metal thin wire is wound along the emitting electrode support 53 and is arranged in parallel, and the distance between the wires is 5 mm; in order to prevent the distance from being too small or too large, which causes the ion wind generated by the ion wind generator to be small, the distance L between the wire electrode and the mesh electrode is 5-10 mm. The other components of the power battery cooling device are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The emitting electrode 51 of the ion wind generator adopts a pin electrode, and the receiving electrode 52 adopts a plate electrode, as shown in fig. 8, the plate electrode is a metal flat plate, and a certain number of through holes are drilled on the metal flat plate, and the through holes can blow out ion wind from the metal flat plate to dissipate heat of the power battery module 20. The other components of the power battery cooling device are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The emitting electrode 51 of the ion wind generator adopts a line electrode, the receiving electrode 52 adopts a plate electrode, and as shown in fig. 9, the other components of the power battery cooling device are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The foregoing is a description of embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are meant to be illustrative, and not limiting. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various combinations, modifications and equivalents of the embodiments of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the invention and are intended to be covered by the appended claims.