CN109779643A - Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS and pass through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance - Google Patents
Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS and pass through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109779643A CN109779643A CN201910063059.8A CN201910063059A CN109779643A CN 109779643 A CN109779643 A CN 109779643A CN 201910063059 A CN201910063059 A CN 201910063059A CN 109779643 A CN109779643 A CN 109779643A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS and pass through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance, the engineering method reduces shield in the tunneling boring layer of sand work progress of Canal in Loess Area to the disturbance quantity of surrounding enviroment on the basis of traditional construction method, in conjunction with shield transformation, grouting process improving technology.The present invention controls shield-tunneling construction in minimum zone the disturbance of ambient enviroment, plays preferable protective effect to ground buildings or structures.Meanwhile reducing the abrasion of shield machine, drivage efficiency of the shield in layer of sand is improved, the service life of shield machine is extended, reduces maintenance times.Shield excavation attitude also can be preferably kept simultaneously, guarantees that shield-tunneling construction is gone on smoothly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to shield construction methods, and in particular to a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS and passes through tunneling boring sand
Layer construction method with tiny disturbance.
Background technique
With getting worse for urban transportation pressure, Urban Underground railway has welcome Rapid development stage.Collapsibility
Canal in Loess Area there is now a plurality of subway line and put into effect.The common layer of sand of collapsible loess lower part soil layer, subway work risk compared with
Greatly.Meanwhile strict protection is needed in above-ground structures work progress, more shield-tunneling construction increases difficulty.
Earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS becomes Huang because it has many advantages, such as that ground adaptability is wide, driving speed is fast, cost is relatively low
The first choice of soil area constructing metro tunnel, but there is also digging controls when constructing in layer of sand it is difficult, construction disturbance is big the disadvantages of.?
It often will appear TBM's position control is difficult, driving speed is slow, ground settlement is big etc. when tunneling boring layer of sand earth pressure balance shield driving
Engineering problem carrys out very big difficulty to the protection band of earth's surface buildings or structures.For tunneling boring layer of sand earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS in city
When driving, since road surface is complicated in city, it may appear that bus station, high-speed rail station etc., when underground carries out tunneling construction, it is necessary to consider
To the influence to ground superstructure.
Shield in the prior art is as shown in Figure 1, traditional tearing cutter 1 includes cutter body A, on the top of cutter body A
It is provided with a pair of traditional tearing cutter blade B, the first groove C is formd between a pair of of blade B, at the middle part of cutter body 1-1
It is symmetrically arranged with the second groove D of a pair.Since traditional tearing cutter faces Canal in Loess Area in use, the soil body holds the two sides of tearing cutter
Easily there is non-uniform friction, be easy to appear fracture, so that locally damage tearing cutter, reduces tearing cutter when in use
Stability, so that construction disturbance is big；And shield in the prior art, cannot be timely because knife cutting diameter is more slightly larger than shield body
Bentonite slurry is filled, so that surface subsidence is excessive, it is unstable additionally, due to sand seam geology, it is also easy to produce deformation, so that construction is disturbed
It is dynamic big.
In addition, construction method in the prior art face the earth pressure balance shield driving of tunneling boring layer of sand when, to shield machine
And construction method improves, the stream plasticity and permeability for improveing dregs do not have only with the mode of simple sediment improvement
It is different in view of requiring existing for the tunneling boring sandy soils in the case of different soil properties shield, it is in love to institute using same shield
Tunneling boring sandy soils under condition are tunneled, so that construction disturbance is big, can also be reduced the service life of shield, be endangered surface structures
The safety of object.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBSs, to solve tradition in the prior art
When in use, the soil body is easy to appear non-uniform friction to the two sides of tearing cutter to tearing cutter, is easy to appear fracture, reduces tearing cutter
Stability when in use, so that the problem that construction disturbance is big；
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBSs, to solve shield in the prior art
Because knife cutting diameter is more slightly larger than shield body, bentonite slurry cannot be filled in time, so that surface subsidence is excessive, so that construction is disturbed
Move big problem；
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBSs to pass through the construction of tunneling boring layer of sand micro-disturbance
Method is not accounted for solving construction method in the prior art and is deposited needed for the tunneling boring sandy soils of different SPT blow counts
Disturbance it is big, the problems such as difficulty is caused to the protection of earth's surface buildings or structures.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS, including earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology and cutter, the cutter include soil pressure
Balance shield tearing cutter, the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tearing cutter includes cutter body, is arranged on the top of the cutter body
There is a pair of of blade, center protection block is installed between a pair of of blade；
Be symmetrically installed with top protection block in the two sides of a pair of of blade, the bottom surface of the top protection block also with it is described
Cutter body connection；
Lower part protection block is separately installed in symmetrically arranged a pair of groove on the cutter body.
Further, casting slot, the depth of the casting slot are offered along the short transverse of the top protection block
Less than the height of the top protection block.
Further, the side of the blade is provided with dentation outer wall in the top protection block；Described
Dentation outer wall is provided on the outside of the protection block of lower part.
A kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS, including earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology and cutter, in the soil pressure balance shielding
Structure ontology is internally provided with anterior shield plastron, on position of the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology apart from the anterior shield plastron cm
Multiple injected holes are offered in outer circle circumferential direction, the injected hole is located at side of the anterior shield plastron far from the cutter.
A kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS passes through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance, comprising:
Step 1, according to the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled the case where, select earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS；
Step 2 is tunneled using the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS selected in step 1 to the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, directly
It is completed to driving；
The step 1 specifically includes:
When the SPT blow count of the tunneling boring layer of sand wait tunnel is greater than 60, above the first Canal in Loess Area soil is selected
Press balance shield；
When the thrust needed for the tunneling boring layer of sand wait tunnel is greater than 1700T, above second of loessland is selected
Area's earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS.
Further, the step 2 specifically includes:
Following steps are repeated in earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tunneling process, until earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS driving is completed:
Step A, earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS is to tunneling 5 steps inside the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, while to tunneling boring
Upper 5 circle pipe ring is built on the inside of four wall of layer of sand；
Wherein the every pick of the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS is further, comprising:
Pipe ring is enclosed in assembly one on the inside of four wall of tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, and a circle pipe ring includes mutual
Multiple sections of jurisdiction of splicing；
To once grouting is carried out between the multiple sections of jurisdiction mutually spliced, one is carried out between a circle pipe ring of Xiang Xianglin
Secondary slip casting；
Step B, secondary grouting is carried out to the pipe ring for building upper 5 circle in step A.
Further, when using Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as claimed in claim 4 progress step A or step B
When, from the injected hole (3) to the tunneling boring layer of sand in the front of the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS direction of travel injection water with it is swollen
Moisten the bentonite slurry that native mass ratio is 9:1.
Further, the method further include: before step 2 execution, to the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled
Sediment improvement is carried out using bentonite slurry, and according to the sand moisture content of tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, determines bentonite
Water and bentonitic mass ratio in mud.
Further, the sand moisture content of the basis tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, determines that bentonite slurry matches,
It specifically includes:
When sand moisture content is less than 16%, water and bentonite mass ratio are 9:1 in bentonite slurry；
When sand moisture content is more than or equal to 16%, water and bentonite mass ratio are 6:1 in bentonite slurry.
The present invention has following technical effect that compared with prior art
1, a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS provided by the invention devises protection on the basis of traditional tearing cutter
Block increases the Use Limitation of tearing cutter, the stability of tearing cutter when in use is improved, to subtract for further protecting cutter
Few disturbance to above ground structure；And casting slot has been opened up in the protection block of top cuts soil pressure for share cutter, into
Guarantee the stability of shield when in use, one step to reduce the disturbance to above ground structure；
2, a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS provided by the invention opens up injected hole on the basis of traditional shield, uses
It in filling bentonite slurry in time, prevents surface subsidence excessive, guarantees the stability of shield when in use, ground is built with reducing
Build the disturbance of object；
3, a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS provided by the invention passes through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance needle
To tunneling boring layer of sand under different SPT blow counts, different shields has been selected, to reduce the disturbance to above ground structure, has been improved
Drivage efficiency of the shield in layer of sand；
4, it is logical to pass through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance for a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS provided by the invention
The construction method for devising secondary grouting is crossed, the disturbance of ambient enviroment is controlled in minimum zone, to ground buildings or structures
Preferable protective effect is played, shield excavation attitude also can be preferably kept, guarantees that shield-tunneling construction is gone on smoothly；
5, a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS provided by the invention passes through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance and exists
Before tunneling process, sediment improvement is carried out using the bentonite slurry of special proportion to tunneling boring layer of sand, on the one hand can play profit
Sliding effect, on the other hand can play the effect of adhesive aggregation sand grains, to reduce the disturbance to above ground structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is traditional tearing cutter structural schematic diagram in the prior art；
Fig. 2 is the shield tearing cutter structural schematic diagram of the first shield provided by the invention；
Fig. 3 is injected hole position view in the second shield provided by the invention.
Figure label represents: 1- shield tearing cutter, 2- earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology, 3- cutter, 4- anterior shield plastron, 5- slip casting
Hole, (1-1)-cutter body, (1-2)-blade, (1-3)-center protection block, (1-4)-top protection block, (1-5)-casting slot,
(1-6)-dentation outer wall, (1-7)-lower part protection block, A- tradition tearing cutter, B- tradition tearing cutter blade, the first groove of C-, D-
Two grooves.
Specific embodiment
SPT blow count: blow counts needed for standard penetrometer squeezes into certain depth in soil (30 centimetres), for evaluate sand or
The foundation bearing capacity of cohesive soil.
Earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS: when propulsion, front end cutterhead rotates digging ground layer soil body, cuts the soil body to get off and enters soil
Cabin.When the soil body is full of soil cabin, passive soil pressure and the soil pressure on digging face, hydraulic pressure are in a basic balance, so that digging face and shield
Face is in equilibrium state (i.e. stable state), and shield machine is usually by shield shell, propulsion system, assembling system, system four of being unearthed
Most of composition, primary structure have notch ring, support ring, shield tail, shield tearing cutter, cutterhead, section of jurisdiction kludge, spiral casting
Machine, the composition such as driving device.
Shield duct piece: usually using the production of high-strength water-tight concrete for resisting earth pressure, groundwater pressure
Permanent masonry construction.
Pipe ring: the homogeneous annulus for being used as just block structure that section of jurisdiction is spliced by connection bolt.
Pre-hardening slurries: for filling section of jurisdiction and surrounding soil layer, control surrounding formations displacement, stabilization has been spliced section of jurisdiction and has been had both
A kind of filler of the functions such as waterproof.
Double slurries: by the dual slurry that cement grout and waterglass form be it is a kind of can accelerate the solidification of cement grout when
Between, reinforce a kind of slurries of slip casting early strength.
Embodiment one
Present embodiment discloses a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS, including earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology and cutter, institutes
Stating cutter includes earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tearing cutter 1, and the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tearing cutter 1 includes cutter body 1-1, described
The top of cutter body 1-1 is provided with a pair of of blade 1-2, and center protection block 1-3 is equipped between a pair of of blade 1-2；
Top protection block 1-4, the bottom surface of the top protection block 1-4 are symmetrically installed in the two sides of a pair of of blade 1-2
Also it is connect with the cutter body 1-1,
Lower part protection block 1-7 is separately installed in symmetrically arranged a pair of groove on the cutter body 1-1.
In the present embodiment, traditional tearing cutter in the prior art as shown in Figure 1 is improved, as shown in Figure 1,
Traditional tearing cutter 1 includes cutter body A, the top of cutter body A is provided with a pair of traditional tearing cutter blade B, in a pair of of knife
The first groove C is formd between sword B, and the second groove D of a pair is symmetrically arranged in the middle part of cutter body 1-1.
In order to reduce disturbance quantity when tunneling in tunneling boring layer of sand, controlling surface subsidence and reducing tool wear is emphasis,
In the present embodiment, protection block 1-3 in center is added on the basis of traditional tearing cutter, for further protecting cutter body 1-1, is increased
Add cutter body 1-1 Use Limitation, improves the stability of cutter body 1-1.
Top protection block 1-4, total height of top protection block 1-4 are added in the front end two sides of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tearing cutter
For 54mm, lower part protection block 1-7 is added in lower part on the basis of traditional tearing cutter, further protects the two sides cutter body 1-1
Structure reduces friction of the soil body to two sides, reduces uneven friction for the damage to ontology part, improves the durable of ontology
Property, reduce tool changing frequency, improves work efficiency.
In the present embodiment, the knife up of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tearing cutter 1 is 130mm between 140mm, entire tearing cutter with
Traditional tearing cutter can both increase the protection for scraper, while making to ensure that cutter body 1-1 compared to 10mm is improved in this way
It arranges in pairs or groups between other cutters rationally, this improved tearing cutter is suitable for sandy soil poor fluidity, and sand frictional force is big, permeates system
The high feature of number, substantially increases whole tunneling effect.
Optionally, casting slot 1-5, the casting slot 1-5 are offered along the short transverse of the top protection block 1-4
Depth be less than the top protection block 1-4 height.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Fig. 2, being provided with casting slot 1-5, top protection block 1-4 root in top protection block 1-4
It is divided into two parts according to casting slot 1-5, the high 24mm in lower part, the high 30mm in top, that shares cutter body 1-1 cuts soil pressure, solves
The problem of traditional earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tearing cutter uneven wear, reduces the replacement number of cutter, be both to scraper around into
Row protection, improves excavation efficiency.
Optionally, the side of the blade 1-2 is provided with dentation outer wall 1-6 in the top protection block 1-4；?
Dentation outer wall 1-6 is provided on the outside of the lower part protection block 1-7.
In the present embodiment, top protection block 1-4 and lower part protection block 1-7 lateral surface are dentation, it is possible to reduce to knife
Have the abrasion of ontology 1-1, increase cutter overall wear resistance, reduce damage of the impact load for ontology, improves shield tearing
The stability of knife guarantees the low disturbance effect of shield in use.
On top, the front end 30mm increase wearing layer of protection block 1-4, center protection block 1-3 and cutter body 1-1, are reduced
Cutter head waste increases cutter overall wear resistance, reduces damage of the impact load for ontology, makes balancing earth-pressure shielding machine
It can be gone on smoothly during long distance driving.
In the present embodiment, since tunneling boring layer of sand frictional resistance is larger, to the wear-out failure power of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS cutter
By force, after tool wear reaches to a certain degree, cutter is needed replacing, construction cost is not only increased, is also added significantly to construction safety
Hidden danger, in the present embodiment, cutter are made of protection block and cutter body.The material of protection block is alloy, specifically uses tungsten
Steel, hardness is high, wear-resisting property is good, is able to ascend the whole height of cutter, reinforces the wearability at the top of cutter and play protection scraping
The effect of knife improves the efficiency that cutter excavates the soil body.The effective abrasion for reducing cutter when balancing earth-pressure shielding machine excavates the soil body,
It tunnel balancing earth-pressure shielding machine can smoothly in long distance driving, reduce cutter changing number, improve working efficiency.
Embodiment two
Present embodiment discloses a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBSs, including earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology 2 and cutter
3, it is internally provided with anterior shield plastron 4 in the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology 2, in the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology 2 apart from institute
Multiple injected holes 5 are offered on the position of the 80cm for the anterior shield plastron 4 stated in outer circle circumferential direction, the injected hole 5 is located at
Side of the anterior shield plastron 2 far from cutter 3.
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 3, in the 80cm apart from the anterior shield plastron 4 and far from earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS
Injected hole 5 is opened up on the position of cutter 3, because knife cutting diameter is more slightly larger than shield body, is filled bentonite slurry in time, is prevented ground
Face sedimentation is excessive, unstable additionally, due to sand seam geology, is also easy to produce deformation, forms package, injects bentonite slurry from this hole
Lubrication can be increased.
Preferably, injected hole 5 is uniformly distributed along the excircle of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology 2, and slip casting is uniform, and intensity is unified,
Guarantee the stability of shield when in use, to reduce the disturbance to above ground structure.
Embodiment three
Present embodiment discloses a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBSs to pass through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance, institute
The method stated, when passing through the tunneling boring layer of sand wait tunnel, reduces the disturbance quantity to surface buildings for earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS.
On tunneling boring layer of sand stratum, the cohesive force of sand grains is small, is a kind of typical unstable soft stratum, and stratum is anti-
Answer it is sensitive, when balancing earth-pressure shielding machine is using conventional construction method driving tunneling boring layer of sand, it is easy to destroy the relatively steady of layer of sand
Fixed or equilibrium state and generate collapsings, cause biggish country rock disturbance, excavation face made to lose stabilization, easily occur gushing, roof fall etc.
The safety of excessive sedimentation, harm construction and above ground structure occurs so as to cause ground for construction problem.Using of the present invention
Method, using dynamic adjust shield tunnelling parameters method, in conjunction with the improvement of grouting process, sediment improvement and shield machine be transformed
Etc. technologies, greatly improve drivage efficiency of the shield in layer of sand, while shield-tunneling construction controlling most the disturbance of ambient enviroment
A small range, overcomes conventional method bring construction problem, plays preferable protective effect to ground buildings or structures.
The method includes:
Step 1, according to the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled the case where, select earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS；
Step 2 is tunneled using the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS selected in step 1 to the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, directly
It is completed to driving；
The step 1 specifically includes:
When the SPT blow count of the tunneling boring layer of sand wait tunnel is less than or equal to 60, using soil pressure in the prior art
Balance shield tunnels tunneling boring layer of sand；
When the SPT blow count of the tunneling boring layer of sand wait tunnel is greater than 60, selection such as the loessland in embodiment one
Area's earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS；
When the thrust needed for the tunneling boring layer of sand wait tunnel is greater than 1700T, selection such as the Huang in embodiment two
Soil area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS.
In the present embodiment, the thrust needed for the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled is greater than 1700T, works as earth pressure balance
Shield machine is blocked by surrounding layer of sand, when there is high thrust situation, in order to reduce resistance to balancing earth-pressure shielding machine, to realize perturbation
Dynamic construction, needs to inject bentonite around shield body.Position punching after anterior shield plastron near 80cm, tube head of burn-oning connect
Bentonite pipe can be arranged circumferentially 8~12 bentonite injection holes around shield body in the position, under special circumstances can be to shield body
Surrounding injection bentonite or polyurethane rub and prevent underground water from influxing in front of cutterhead to reach to reduce.
Optionally, the step 2 specifically includes:
Following steps are repeated in earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tunneling process, until earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS driving is completed:
Step A, earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS is to tunneling 5 steps inside the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, while to tunneling boring
Upper 5 circle pipe ring is built on the inside of four wall of layer of sand；
Wherein the every pick of the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS is further, comprising:
Pipe ring is enclosed in assembly one on the inside of four wall of tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, and a circle pipe ring includes mutual
Multiple sections of jurisdiction of splicing；
To once grouting is carried out between the multiple sections of jurisdiction mutually spliced, one is carried out between a circle pipe ring of Xiang Xianglin
Secondary slip casting；
The once grouting includes use the initial set slurries, grouting amount to be for 4-6 cubic metres and once grouting pressure
0.1Mpa adds water pressure；
Step B, secondary grouting is carried out to the 5 circle pipe rings built in step A, the secondary grouting includes using cement slurry
The double slurries and secondary grouting pressure of liquid and waterglass liquid are that the once grouting pressure in step A adds 0.05Mpa.
In the present embodiment, note in the prior art is being used for the Canal in Loess Area tunneling boring layer of sand that the application is faced
When paste-making method carries out slip casting, there is upward slope in tunnel, slurries are flowed toward small mileage direction, although will cause slip casting at shield tail,
There is no slurries stop at shield tail, the gap between section of jurisdiction and the soil body always exists, therefore uses a synchronous grouting and secondary
Slip casting cooperation mode, can effective blind, inhibit ground settlement.
Once grouting pressure is set as 0.1Mpa+ water pressure, and wherein water pressure is with the distance of fixed level to edpth of tunnel
It is estimated, initial setting is 0.25~0.35Mpa, according to geological condition, injection speed, shield driving speed, surface subsidence
Situation etc. is adjusted, when grouting amount is insufficient or pressure is higher, it is necessary to be replaced slip casting position and be continued pressure injection, until grouting amount reaches
Until requirement.Synchronous grouting amount should be controlled the 150%~200% of theoretical pore volume, as 4-6 cubic metres.
The sand infiltration coefficient of Canal in Loess Area is big, and to prevent slip casting very few, leakiness is filled in gap.Gu in slip casting Shi Yaojia
Big grouting amount keeps surrounding soil closely knit, reduces sedimentation.
In the present embodiment, the grouting pressure provided with 0.1Mpa+ water pressure is determined according to earth pressure at rest theory,
In conjunction with the Canal in Loess Area environmental groundwter of the invention applied than shallower, head is high, the big feature of hydraulic pressure, while in order to reduce infiltration
Slurries caused by bigger are wandering, it is necessary to which suitably increasing grouting pressure makes closely knit around the slip casting soil body, keeps geostatic shield equal
It is even.
When traditional construction, accumulation of the shield shield tail when ratio before cutterhead arrival, when settling when shield body passes through is hauled out in section of jurisdiction
Sedimentation is also much bigger, in order to reduce sedimentation here, guarantees construction environment, fills gap around section of jurisdiction, need strictly to control
The sedimentation of shield tail processed, therefore secondary grouting is carried out to the 5 circle pipe rings built in step A, it is setting rate using double slurries slip castings
Fastly, early strength is big, fills stratum as early as possible, it is ensured that the early stage stability that section of jurisdiction is just built controls stratum settlement well.Due to
The dual slurry setting time of cement slurry and waterglass is short, and getting up early intensity rises fastly, and the short time, which can achieve, to be accurately controlled, and reduces liquid
It starches and is spread to periphery layer of sand, reduce stratum settlement, therefore in this step using cement grout and double slurries of waterglass liquid.
When carrying out secondary grouting, on the basis of once grouting, achievees the purpose that further to control soil body sedimentation, make surrounding
Environmental security, but it is less around the section of jurisdiction of gap at this time, and slurries injection gap must increase grouting pressure, therefore secondary injection is arranged
Starching pressure is that the once grouting pressure in step A adds 0.05Mpa.
In shield tunneling process, when substrate is saturation thin silt, synchronous grouting and secondary grouting should be carried out, as far as possible
It avoids setting steel floral tube on the stratum.Injecting paste material can be the double slurries of cement-sodium silicate of 1:1, grouting pressure: 0.35~
0.4MPa, grout coordinate ratio, setting time, grouting pressure need to finally be determined according to field test.Slip casting scope tube may extend to tunnel
The outer 3m of road outer profile.Injection adjusts injection rate according to tunnel curve and section of jurisdiction posture situation based on controlling with grouting pressure at any time
And injection pressure, grouting pressure are controlled in 0.4~0.8MPa.Secondary grouting takes grouting amount, note by bottom successively pressure injection upwards
Pressure dual control is starched, every ring grouting amount control is in 0.6~1.2m3, pressure is 0.2~0.4MPa, and slip casting position is 3~5 after shield tail
Ring.After the completion of slip casting, it is still necessary to carry out sealing pores to injected hole using cement-sodium silicate double liquid.
Optionally, the proportion of the pre-hardening slurries in the step A are as follows: bentonite 60kg, cement 185kg, flyash
230kg, sand 860kg, water 40kg, presetting period are 4 hours.
According to the construction geology condition of the Canal in Loess Area of this construction method application, level of ground water is shallow, and head is high, and hydraulic pressure is big,
And it is in Canal in Loess Area, reduce water content, while the reduction liquid of water content can reduce the bleeding rate of slurries, improve slurries
The reduction of stability, sand content can be such that the presetting period of slurries declines, and improve its early strength.
Shield injection bentonite and gram mud effect carry out simultaneously with tail shield synchronous grouting in shield machine work, fill shield in time
The gap of body and the soil body reduces ground settlement, and bentonite can also reduce frictional resistance when shield machine work, improves work effect
Rate, a gram mud effect can effectively prevent mortar etc. on the outside of shield body from penetrating into inside shield machine, in the construction process should be according to stratum item
Part, level of ground water, edpth of tunnel etc. control injection pressure and injection rate.
Preferably, cement and water in cement grout in the dual slurry of the cement grout in the step B and waterglass liquid
Mass ratio be 1:1.3, the volume ratio of waterglass and water is 1:1 in waterglass liquid.
In the present embodiment, such cement and the mass ratio and waterglass of water are set and the volume ratio of water can be preferably
The diffusion of cement grout is controlled, while reducing the presetting period；Make to keep surrounding soil layer more stable, with being preferably adapted to this area
Lower water level is shallow, the high geological condition of bleeding rate.
Preferably, in the step B when carrying out secondary grouting using the dual slurry of cement grout and waterglass liquid, note
When entering slurries: being initially injected cement grout, reinject waterglass liquid later；When stopping slip casting: stopping waterglass liquid injection first,
Stop cement grout injection after waiting 10-15s.
Due to the good water permeability of Canal in Loess Area layer of sand, just having started first injection cement grout is to tentatively fill soil body sky
Gap, the effect of waterglass be with cement grout mix, make grout cures speed accelerate, prevent injection cement grout to stratum its
His place diffusion, increases early strength, improves surrounding enviroment, and if waterglass finally stops when stopping slip casting, Huo Zhetong
Step stops injection, and remaining waterglass can block pipeline, if finally injecting cement slurry, can wash out waterglass, prevents pipeline stifled
Plug.
Optionally, while carrying out step A or step B using the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS in embodiment two, from described
Injecting water and bentonite mass ratio to the tunneling boring layer of sand in the front of the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS direction of travel in injected hole 3 is 9:
1 bentonite slurry.
Since in shield driving method provided by the invention, the object of driving is the tunneling boring layer of sand of Canal in Loess Area, aqueous
Rate is high, and underground water is shallow, and the high feature of head, hydrostatic pressure is big, so ceaselessly infusing during driving to tunneling boring layer of sand
Slurry, guarantees the stability of sand, wherein bentonite slurry will reduce the content of water, prevent destruction of the water to the soil body, while swelling
Soil can be wrapped in around original soil body and play a protective role.
In addition, being transformed when stratum consolidation to section of jurisdiction after the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS carries out section of jurisdiction wall；
Section of jurisdiction includes adjacent block and calibrated bolck, opens up that there are two the second injected holes in the section of jurisdiction adjacent block, in institute
The second injected hole there are two opening up on calibrated bolck is stated, the second injected hole is along adjacent block and calibrated bolck radial distribution.
Since in shield driving method provided by the invention, the object of driving is the tunneling boring layer of sand of Canal in Loess Area, in shield
Structure construction passes through under high-speed rail, it is necessary to which influence of the strict control shield-tunneling construction to the high-speed rail lower part soil body reduces sedimentation.Along the second slip casting
Steel floral tube is built in hole, and the compacted top soil body opens up the second injected hole, and radially distributed injected hole can make slip casting.Pressure compares
Uniformly.
Optionally, from second injected hole to tunneling boring layer of sand injected slurry volume to be tunneled than the water for 1:1
The dual slurry of slurry liquid and waterglass liquid, wherein grouting pressure is set as 0.4MPa between 0.8MPa.
In the present embodiment, the soil layer after the wall of the section of jurisdiction Yao Jinhang is reinforced, and in slurries, the main material for increasing intensity is just
It is cement, in order to reach increase soil layer intensity after the wall of section of jurisdiction, reduces sedimentation, improve the purpose of ambient intensity, so to increase water
Mud dosage.
Optionally, the method further include: before earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tunneling process, to described to be tunneled complete
Section sand layer carries out sediment improvement using bentonite slurry, and according to the sand moisture content of tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, really
Determine water and bentonitic mass ratio in bentonite slurry.
In the present embodiment, in order to reduce disturbance quantity when tunneling in tunneling boring layer of sand, sediment improvement is key, is changed in dregs
It can use bentonite using bentonite or loess etc., in the present embodiment when good and carry out sediment improvement, but must protect
The bentonitic quality selected is demonstrate,proved, bentonite has to pass through extruding, and guarantees that viscosity can just play good improvement not less than 35S
Effect carries out sediment improvement using bentonite, on the one hand can play lubricating action, on the other hand can play the effect of adhesive aggregation sand grains
Fruit.
Preferably, the sand moisture content of the basis tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, determines that bentonite slurry matches, tool
Body includes:
When sand moisture content is less than 16%, water and bentonite mass ratio are 9:1 in bentonite slurry；
When sand moisture content is more than or equal to 16%, water and bentonite mass ratio are 6:1 in bentonite slurry.
In the present embodiment, slag specimen should be in stream modeling shape after layer of sand is improved, therefore works as the slag specimen slump in 120 ± 20mm
When, improved effect is preferable；When using empirical method, with hold slag specimen can be flowed out between webs, weigh sand in the hand with hand, can weigh in the hand but not
Effect is preferable when leaving palm completely, while reaching the two conditions.
For the convenience for improving execute-in-place, 1:9 is used when water content is less than 16%, is adopted when moisture content is greater than 16%
Use 1:6." cellulose is received " is added in right amount by on-site actual situations to increase viscosity.
The method further include: the work driving ginseng of the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS is arranged in shield driving state modulator
Number are as follows: thrust be set as 1200T between 1700T, torque be set as 4500kNm between 5500kNm, cutterhead revolving speed sets
Be set to 1rpm between 2rpm, Advance rate be set as 20mm/min between 35mm/min, soil pressure be set as 0.4Bar with
And the amount of being unearthed is set as 51m3To 55m3Between.
Method provided by the invention also needs to be detected in work progress, including surface subsidence monitoring, shield abrasion prison
It surveys and the loss monitoring of country rock soil layer, is all made of auto monitoring and measurement instrument, monitoring data Real-time Feedback to integrated decision-making platform, certainly
Plan platform carries out risk identification according to data analysis result, and divides risk class, in real time to Safety Management personnel
Risk resolution scheme is provided.
The present invention is transformed by shield and grouting process improvement reduces shield in Canal in Loess Area tunneling boring layer of sand work progress
In to the disturbance quantities of surrounding enviroment.Shield-tunneling construction controls in minimum zone the disturbance of ambient enviroment, (structure) is built to ground
It builds object and plays preferable protective effect.Meanwhile reducing the abrasion of shield machine, drivage efficiency of the shield in layer of sand is improved, is prolonged
The service life for having grown shield machine, reduces maintenance times.Shield excavation attitude also can be preferably kept simultaneously, guarantees that shield is applied
Work is gone on smoothly.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS, including earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology and cutter, the cutter includes that soil pressure is flat
It weighs shield tearing cutter (1), the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tearing cutter (1) includes cutter body (1-1), in the cutter body
The top of (1-1) is provided with a pair of of blade (1-2), which is characterized in that is equipped with center protection block between a pair of of blade (1-2)
(1-3)；
It is symmetrically installed with top protection block (1-4) in the two sides of a pair of of blade (1-2), the bottom of the top protection block (1-4)
Face is also connect with the cutter body (1-1)；
Lower part protection block (1-7) is separately installed in symmetrically arranged a pair of groove on the cutter body (1-1).
2. Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that along the top protection block
The short transverse of (1-4) offers casting slot (1-5), and the depth of the casting slot (1-5) is less than the top protection block (1-4)
Height.
3. Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that in the top protection block (1-
4) side far from the blade (1-2) is provided with dentation outer wall (1-6)；It is set on the outside of the lower part protection block (1-7)
It is equipped with dentation outer wall (1-6).
4. a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS, including earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology (2) and cutter (3), flat in the soil pressure
Weighing apparatus shield ontology (2) is internally provided with anterior shield plastron (4), which is characterized in that in earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS ontology (2) distance
Multiple injected holes (5), the injected hole are offered in outer circle circumferential direction on the position of described anterior shield plastron (4) 80cm
(5) it is located at the side of anterior shield plastron (4) far from the cutter (3).
5. a kind of Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS passes through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance, which is characterized in that described
Method includes:
Step 1, according to the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled the case where, select earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS；
Step 2 is tunneled using the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS selected in step 1 to the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, until pick
Into completion；
The step 1 specifically includes:
When the SPT blow count of the tunneling boring layer of sand wait tunnel is greater than 60, selection any one of such as claim 1-3 right
It is required that the Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS；
When the thrust needed for the tunneling boring layer of sand wait tunnel is greater than 1700T, loess as claimed in claim 4 is selected
Regional earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS.
6. Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as claimed in claim 5 passes through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance, special
Sign is that the step 2 specifically includes:
Following steps are repeated in earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS tunneling process, until earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS driving is completed:
Step A, earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS is to tunneling 5 steps inside the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, while to tunneling boring layer of sand
Upper 5 circle pipe ring is built on the inside of four walls；
Wherein the every pick of the earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS is further, comprising:
Pipe ring is enclosed in assembly one on the inside of four wall of tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, and a circle pipe ring includes mutually splicing
Multiple sections of jurisdiction；
To once grouting is carried out between the multiple sections of jurisdiction mutually spliced, once infused between a circle pipe ring of Xiang Xianglin
Slurry；
Step B, secondary grouting is carried out to the pipe ring for building upper 5 circle in step A.
7. Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as claimed in claim 6 passes through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance, special
Sign is, when carrying out step A or step B using Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as claimed in claim 4, from described
It is with bentonite mass ratio to the tunneling boring layer of sand in the front of earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS direction of travel injection water in injected hole (3)
The bentonite slurry of 9:1.
8. Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as claimed in claim 7 passes through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance, special
Sign is, the method further include: before step 2 execution, uses bentonite to the tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled
Mud carries out sediment improvement, and according to the sand moisture content of tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled, determine in bentonite slurry water with
Bentonitic mass ratio.
9. Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS as claimed in claim 8 passes through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance, special
Sign is that the sand moisture content of the basis tunneling boring layer of sand to be tunneled determines that bentonite slurry matches, specifically includes:
When sand moisture content is less than 16%, water and bentonite mass ratio are 9:1 in bentonite slurry；
When sand moisture content is more than or equal to 16%, water and bentonite mass ratio are 6:1 in bentonite slurry.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910063059.8A CN109779643A (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS and pass through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910063059.8A CN109779643A (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS and pass through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance |
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|---|---|
| CN109779643A true CN109779643A (en) | 2019-05-21 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910063059.8A Pending CN109779643A (en) | 2019-01-23 | 2019-01-23 | Canal in Loess Area earth pressure balanced shield, EPBS and pass through tunneling boring layer of sand construction method with tiny disturbance |
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| CN102080548A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-06-01 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Construction method of tunnel to cross airport runway by shield method |
| CN102536253A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-04 | 广州轨道交通建设监理有限公司 | Construction method of earth cabin back filling and cabin entering operation during earth pressure shielding |
| CN102767377A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-07 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Loess strata subway tunnel earth pressure balance shield construction method |
| CN103306684A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-18 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Process for grouting on back of shield segment |
| CN206458473U (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-09-01 | 中铁七局集团第三工程有限公司 | A kind of improved shield tear cutter |
| CN107642364A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-30 | 粤水电轨道交通建设有限公司 | Tunneling boring mud jacking shield construction method in rich water rock stratum under sensitivity building |
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2019
- 2019-01-23 CN CN201910063059.8A patent/CN109779643A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102080548A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-06-01 | 上海隧道工程股份有限公司 | Construction method of tunnel to cross airport runway by shield method |
| CN102536253A (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2012-07-04 | 广州轨道交通建设监理有限公司 | Construction method of earth cabin back filling and cabin entering operation during earth pressure shielding |
| CN103306684A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2013-09-18 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Process for grouting on back of shield segment |
| CN102767377A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-07 | 中铁一局集团有限公司 | Loess strata subway tunnel earth pressure balance shield construction method |
| CN206458473U (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-09-01 | 中铁七局集团第三工程有限公司 | A kind of improved shield tear cutter |
| CN107642364A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2018-01-30 | 粤水电轨道交通建设有限公司 | Tunneling boring mud jacking shield construction method in rich water rock stratum under sensitivity building |
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