CN109738796A - Fault diagnosis device and diagnosis method for excitation winding of nuclear power half-speed steam turbine generator - Google Patents
Fault diagnosis device and diagnosis method for excitation winding of nuclear power half-speed steam turbine generator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于定子双探测线圈的核电半速汽轮发电机励磁绕组故障诊断装置及诊断方法。针对目前核电厂普遍采用的半速汽轮发电机组，装置在相距1个极距的2个定子铁心齿顶部各安装一个线圈，诊断方法根据2个线圈感应电压的频域和时域特征来判断励磁绕组匝间短路故障和故障程度。本发明不受发电机运行状态的影响，并且能够实现故障的准确定位。它解决现有技术的不足，更适用于核电半速汽轮发电机组的诊断需求，提高诊断水平。
The invention discloses a fault diagnosis device and a diagnosis method for the excitation winding of a nuclear power half-speed steam turbine generator based on double detection coils of the stator. For the half-speed steam turbine generator set commonly used in nuclear power plants, a coil is installed on the top of two stator core teeth that are separated by one pole distance. The diagnosis method is based on the frequency domain and time domain characteristics of the induced voltages of the two coils. Field winding turn-to-turn short-circuit fault and fault degree. The invention is not affected by the running state of the generator, and can realize accurate location of the fault. It solves the deficiencies of the existing technology, is more suitable for the diagnosis requirements of the nuclear power half-speed steam turbine generator set, and improves the diagnosis level.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of generator excitation winding failure diagnostic device and diagnostic methods more particularly to a kind of nuclear power half
Fast steam turbine generator excitation winding trouble-shooter and diagnostic method, belong to technical field of generators.
Background technique
Excitation winding shorted-turn fault is the persistent ailment of large synchronous generator.Excitation winding shorted-turn fault would generally
The vibration for causing generator more violent, the monopole effect of failure are also possible to magneto axle journal, and the shaft current of formation has burning
Hurt the risk of axle journal and bearing shell, short trouble may develop for rotor windings a little or two points ground fault failure.These are negative
Factor has seriously affected the normal operation of synchronous generator, thus realize inter-turn short circuits of field windings in synchronous machines failure
Line monitors important in inhibiting.
The inter-turn short circuits of field windings in synchronous machines on-line fault diagnosis method proposed at present mainly has: excitation electricity
Stream method, shaft voltage method and brow leakage lead to method, fictitious power method, expectation emf method, divided stator branch ring current method and search coil method.
Exciting current method utilizes the exciting current increase of generator after failure, and reactive power reduces this feature and carries out failure
Identification.This method can detecte out some apparent shorted-turn faults, and need to carry out accurate exciting current measurement, and
It is not suitable for rotating excitation generator.Shaft voltage method and brow leakage lead to the even number that method is incuded using electric machine main shaft and end or
Fractional harmoni detects failure, but these two kinds of methods can not achieve fault location.Fictitious power method and desired emf method utilize
It is expected that electromagnetic power diagnoses circle with actual electromagnetic power or the relative deviation of expectation excitation electric gesture and practical excitation electric gesture
Between short trouble, these two kinds of methods are not suitable for rotating excitation generator equally, can not realize fault location.Stator branch
Ring current method carries out fault identification by the harmonics that stator parallel branch circulation when failure generates, and this method is needed fixed
Current transformer is installed in sub- parallel branch.
Conventional detection coil method is by being mounted on the miniature radial direction of power generator air gap/tangential Coil Detector rotor slot leakage
Logical, the correlation based on rotor slot leakage flux and effective ampere turn in slot judges the shorted-turn fault of excitation winding, this method
It with fault location function, is widely applied, shortcoming is anti-interference ability deficiency, is detected under load behavior sensitive
Spend degradation.On the basis of the method, a kind of novel search coil method is developed, by installing around stator core segment
U-shaped search coil, directly detection rotor airgap main field judge failure, the anti-interference ratio of diagnosis by main field harmonic wave
Conventional detection coil method is obviously improved.However this method needs to be deep into search coil among power generator air gap magnetic field,
Bring very big security risk.
Nuclear power turbine-generator unit generallys use two pairs of pole Half Speed synchronous generators since output power is very big, and encourages
Magnetic system generallys use brushless excitation mode, and exciting current is unable to measure.Various methods in summary not particularly suitable for
The method for diagnosing faults of nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding turn-to-turn short circuit, it is therefore necessary to improve the diagnosis of such failure
Level, and it is more suitable for the application of nuclear power field.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of nuclear power Half Speed turbine generators based on the double search coils of stator
Machine excitation winding trouble-shooter and diagnostic method.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
Technical solution one:
A kind of nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding trouble-shooter based on the double search coils of stator, the hair
It is set inside motor there are two the search coil for surrounding stator tooth socket, two search coils pass through stator core radial direction cooling air channel
It draws, and exports parallel connection 800-1200 Ω resistance in cooling air channel, the voltage output end of two search coils is respectively connected to data and adopts
Acquisition means, be overlapped in data acquisition device or make it is poor.
Described two search coils are separated by a distance to be mounted on the small tooth of generator stator core.
Cooling air channel exports 1000 Ω resistance in parallel.
Technical solution two:
A kind of nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding method for diagnosing faults based on the double search coils of stator, including with
Lower step:
Step a: in generator operation, data acquisition device acquires the output voltage of two search coils in real time；
Step b: it is poor that data acquisition device makees the output voltage of two search coils；
Step c: the output voltage for calculating two search coils makees the degree of preset harmonic wave in poor result,
If harmonic content exceeds predetermined threshold, determines that excitation winding shorted-turn fault occurs for the generator, turn to step d；It is no
Then turn to step b；
Step d: data acquisition device is superimposed the output voltage signal of two search coils, if stack result curve goes out
Existing wave crest determines excitation winding shorted-turn fault occur at wave crest.
For half speed generator of nuclear power, the distance of two search coils is fixed as a pole span.
For half speed generator of nuclear power, preset harmonic wave is 1/2,3/2,5/2,7/2 subharmonic, and percent harmonic contains
Amount is 5%.
Having the technical effect that acquired by by adopting the above technical scheme
1, the present invention improves the diagnostic level of nuclear power Half Speed Turbo-generator Set；
2, the present invention is applicable not only to brushless excitation system, and is suitable for having brush excitation system, is particularly suitable for modern times core
Electric development trend；
3, not only high sensitivity of the invention is also able to achieve the accurate positionin of failure；
4, search coil installation site of the invention is hidden, will not influence the normal operation of generator.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is search coil installation diagram in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is search coil partial enlarged view in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is two pairs of pole generator excitation magnetic potential waveform diagrams under normal condition in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is that short-circuit circle applies reverse current magnetic potential distribution map in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 5 is magnetic winding connection figure in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 6 is the 2 coil-induced voltage oscillogram of hollow set detection of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is nominal load search coil induced voltage figure in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 8 is the coil-induced voltage spectrum figure of the hollow set detection of the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 9 is nominal load search coil induced voltage spectrogram in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Figure 10 is the search coil induction voltage waveform figure of unloaded different slots winding failure in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Figure 11 is the search coil induction voltage waveform figure of nominal load different slots winding failure in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Figure 12 is the rear class detection circuit of search coil in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Wherein 1- search coil.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
A kind of nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding trouble-shooter based on the double search coils of stator, the hair
It is set inside motor there are two the search coil 1 for surrounding stator tooth socket, two search coils 1 pass through stator core radial direction cooling wind
Road is drawn, and exports 1000 Ω resistance in parallel in cooling air channel, and the voltage output end of two search coils 1 is respectively connected to data and adopts
Acquisition means, be overlapped in data acquisition device or make it is poor.
Described two search coils 1 are separated by a distance to be mounted on the small tooth of generator stator core.
Embodiment 2: the difference from embodiment 1 is that cooling air channel exports 800 Ω resistance in parallel.
Embodiment 3: the difference from embodiment 1 is that cooling air channel exports 1200 Ω resistance in parallel.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding method for diagnosing faults based on the double search coils of stator, including with
Lower step:
Step a: in generator operation, data acquisition device acquires the output voltage of two search coils 1 in real time；
Step b: it is poor that data acquisition device makees the output voltage of two search coils 1；
Step c: the percentage for calculating preset harmonic wave in the poor result of output voltage work of two search coils 1 contains
Amount determines that excitation winding shorted-turn fault occurs for the generator, turns to step d if harmonic content exceeds predetermined threshold；
Otherwise step b is turned to；
Step d: data acquisition device is superimposed the output voltage signal of two search coils 1, if stack result curve
There is wave crest, determines excitation winding shorted-turn fault occur at wave crest.
For half speed generator of nuclear power, the distance of two search coils 1 is fixed as a pole span.
For half speed generator of nuclear power, preset harmonic wave is 1/2,3/2,5/2,7/2 subharmonic, and percent harmonic contains
Measuring threshold value is 5%.
Percent harmonic content a% are as follows:
Wherein, F1For fundamental voltage amplitude, F1/2For 1/2 subharmonic amplitude, F3/2For 3/2 subharmonic amplitude, F5/2It is humorous for 5/2 time
Wave amplitude, F7/2For 7/2 subharmonic amplitude.
Nuclear power unit generallys use 2 pairs of pole Turbo-generator Sets.Under normal operating condition, 2 encourage pole steam turbine generator
Magnetic magnetic potential is steplike-distribution wave, as shown in Figure 3.
PA、PB、PCAnd PDRespectively indicate 4 magnetic poles of rotor, magnetomotive force expression formula under normal condition are as follows:
In formula: FfFor excitation magnetic potential, IfFor exciting current, akFor the umber of turn of rotor kth slot, the angle between rotor slot β,
γ is rotor canine tooth area angle of circumference, θrFor rotor space electrical angle.
When winding is normal, the excitation magnetic potential of 2 pairs of pole steam turbine generators only contains odd harmonics.Disregard magnetic field saturation and
In the case that rotor surface is smooth, it is believed that air gap main field contains only odd harmonics, predominantly fundamental wave composition.
After excitation winding turn-to-turn short circuit, failure pole excitation magnetic potential weakens, and the magnetic potential of generator shows asymmetrical state.Therefore
Excitation magnetic potential after barrier is equivalent to normal condition magnetic potential and applies being superimposed for magnetic potential caused by reverse current with short-circuit circle.Short-circuit circle
It is as shown in Figure 4 to apply the magnetomotive force distribution that reverse current generates.
Carrying out Fourier analysis to the magnetic potential that Fig. 4 short circuit circle applies reverse current can obtain:
In formula: α is rotor space mechanical angle, and w is excitation winding short circuit the number of turns, ωrFor rotor rotation mechanical angular speed,
ΔFfApply the excitation magnetic potential of reverse current for short-circuit circle, m is magnet exciting coil number.
After shorted-turn fault occurs for excitation winding, excitation magnetomotive force includes fractional harmoni.
The closure that the characteristic magnetic field that excitation winding shorted-turn fault generates is formed along rotor core-air gap-stator core
Major loop circulation, and with rotor synchronous rotary, flowing through the magnetic flux of search coil 1, alternation, the magnetic flux of alternation are being visited at any time
Voltage is induced in test coil 1.
By taking idle running as an example, search coil 1 is analyzed, under normal condition, flow through the magnetic flux of search coil 1 with
Time-interleaved transformation, expression formula are as follows:
Ф in formula1For the magnetic flux for flowing through search coil, B is main magnetic field flux density, and l is that the axial direction of search coil is long
Degree, R are the distance that search coil 1 arrives rotor axis.
To magnetic flux derivation, the induced electromotive force of search coil 1 can be obtained:
In formula: e1For the induced electromotive force of search coil 1.
Similarly, the induced electromotive force e of another search coil 12Are as follows:
The induced voltage of two search coils 1 makees difference e (t) are as follows:
Therefore, the induced electricity pressure difference of search coil 1 contains only the odd harmonics such as 1,3,5 under normal operating condition.
After excitation winding shorted-turn fault occurs for 2 pairs of pole generators, it is inferior that air-gap flux generates 1/2,3/2,5/2,7/2
Fractional harmoni.Harmonic flux passes through the magnetic flux Ф ' of a search coil 11It can indicate are as follows:
The electromotive force e ' of this search coil 1 induction1(t) are as follows:
In formula: θ is the angle of two axial coil sides of search coil 1, and ω is the angular rate of rotor rotation.
The induced electricity pressure difference of two search coils 1 is e ' (t):
Therefore, the electromotive force of the induction of search coil 1 equally has 1/2,3/2,5/2,7/2 inferior fractional harmoni, can
Using the essential characteristic as detection excitation winding shorted-turn fault.
Below using certain nuclear power plant TA-1100-78 type steam turbine as example, parameter is shown in Table 1.
Excitation winding type of attachment and slot number are as shown in Figure 5.
Under unloaded and specified operating status, No. 7 slots of TA-1100-78 generator is respectively set, 1,3,5,7 circles occur not
With degree excitation winding short circuit.When unloaded and specified operation, the voltage waveform that the search coil 1 on stator incudes is respectively such as Fig. 6
With shown in Fig. 7.
It can be seen that the induction of search coil 1 when shorted-turn fault occurs for No. 7 slot excitation windings from Fig. 6 and Fig. 7
There is asymmetric phenomenon in voltage, and the phenomenon that decline locally occurs in induction voltage waveform, sees rectangular area in figure, and short circuit
Degree is more serious, and induction voltage waveform asymmetry is more obvious.
Fourier decomposition is carried out to the induced voltage in search coil 1, each harmonic content is obtained, such as Fig. 8 and Fig. 9 institute
Show.
After can be seen that shorted-turn fault occurs for excitation winding from Fig. 8 and Fig. 9, induced electricity in search coil 1 is extruded
Fractional harmoni is showed, and fault degree is more serious, fractional harmoni content is higher.
Under unloaded and specified operating status, 3 circle short trouble of No. 1 slot, No. 33 circle short troubles of slot and No. 5 is respectively set
3 circle short trouble of slot is emulated.By the induced voltage superposition of two search coils 1, the voltage that can be obtained such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 is folded
Add waveform.
The induced voltage summation of two search coils 1 is almost nil when can be seen that normal operation from Figure 10 and Figure 11.And
Under malfunction, partial deviations will occur in the induced voltage of two each search coils 1, and stack result is not zero, and crest location with
Short slot position there are corresponding relationship, can efficient diagnosis go out the abort situation of turn-to-turn short circuit.
The rear class detection circuit of two each search coils 1 is as shown in figure 12.
To sum up, the present invention can effectively reflect short circuit with efficient diagnosis excitation winding shorted-turn fault, harmonic content
Fault degree, this method can be realized accurate fault location.
Table 1
Claims (6)
1. a kind of nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding trouble-shooter based on the double search coils of stator, feature exist
In: the generator is set there are two the search coil for surrounding stator tooth socket, and two search coils (1) pass through stator core
Radial cooling air channel is drawn, and exports parallel connection 800-1200 Ω resistance, the voltage output end of two search coils (1) in cooling air channel
It is poor to be respectively connected to data acquisition device, be overlapped in data acquisition device or make.
2. the nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding failure according to claim 1 based on the double search coils of stator is examined
Disconnected device, it is characterised in that: described two search coils (1) are separated by a distance to be mounted on the small tooth of generator stator core.
3. the nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding failure according to claim 1 based on the double search coils of stator is examined
Disconnected device, it is characterised in that: cooling air channel exports 1000 Ω resistance in parallel.
4. a kind of diagnostic method for trouble-shooter described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step a: in generator operation, data acquisition device acquires the output voltage of two search coils (1) in real time；
Step b: it is poor that data acquisition device makees the output voltage of two search coils (1)；
Step c: the output voltage for calculating two search coils (1) makees the degree of preset harmonic wave in poor result,
If harmonic content exceeds predetermined threshold, determines that excitation winding shorted-turn fault occurs for the generator, turn to step d；It is no
Then turn to step b；
Step d: data acquisition device is superimposed the output voltage signal of two search coils (1), if stack result curve goes out
Existing wave crest determines excitation winding shorted-turn fault occur at wave crest.
5. the nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding failure according to claim 4 based on the double search coils of stator is examined
Disconnected method, it is characterised in that: for half speed generator of nuclear power, the distance of two search coils (1) is fixed as a pole span.
6. the nuclear power Half Speed steam turbine generator excitation winding failure according to claim 4 based on the double search coils of stator is examined
Disconnected method, it is characterised in that: for half speed generator of nuclear power, preset harmonic wave is 1/2,3/2,5/2,7/2 subharmonic, humorous
Wave degree is 5%.
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| CN112198449A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2021-01-08 | 中广核核电运营有限公司 | Method and device for detecting short circuit fault of excitation winding of brushless excitation system |
| CN113359027A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-09-07 | 重庆文理学院 | Permanent magnet synchronous motor turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis method with low spatial magnetic field resolution requirement |
| CN113777530A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Fault Diagnosis Method for Rotating Diode Open Circuit of Inner Rotor Type Three-Phase Brushless Exciter |
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| CN115047336A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-13 | 东南大学 | Rotor turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis scheme for mounting detection coil on rotor |
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| CN110197043A (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2019-09-03 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Damping Modeling and method of calibration during a kind of steam turbine generator finite element simulation |
| CN110197043B (en) * | 2019-06-11 | 2023-07-04 | 华北电力大学（保定） | A damping modeling and verification method in the finite element simulation process of turbogenerator |
| CN111650509A (en) * | 2020-05-12 | 2020-09-11 | 浙江浙能电力股份有限公司台州发电厂 | Fault judging method, device, computer equipment and medium for brushless excitation motor |
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| CN113777530A (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2021-12-10 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Fault Diagnosis Method for Rotating Diode Open Circuit of Inner Rotor Type Three-Phase Brushless Exciter |
| CN113777530B (en) * | 2021-09-10 | 2023-07-11 | 华北电力大学（保定） | Fault Diagnosis Method for Rotating Diode Open Circuit of Inner Rotor Type Three-phase Brushless Exciter |
| CN114441962A (en) * | 2022-02-14 | 2022-05-06 | 清华大学 | Method and system for internal fault diagnosis of stator and rotor windings of electrically excited synchronous motor |
| CN115047336A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-13 | 东南大学 | Rotor turn-to-turn short circuit fault diagnosis scheme for mounting detection coil on rotor |
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