A kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of reynolds experiment more particularly to a kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment teaching dresses
It sets.
Background technique
Reynolds experiment has very important status in hydromechanical development history, is that hydrodynamics beginner understands water
Flow the important experiment of flow mechanism and streamflow regime changing rule.Therefore, during Hydrodynamics in Teaching, reynolds experiment is
One essential teaching experiment.However, existing experimental teaching unit is in terms of data acquisition and water velocity control
It has the following defects, is divided first is that water flow laminar flow and the transition of turbulent two kinds of fluidised forms fully rely on human eye observation
It distinguishes, this observe causes the subjective factor influence of people very big, and caused error is also very big;Second is that solving Reynolds number process
In, water velocity is obtained by artificial measurement water flow, obtains by conversion, application condition is big, lacks accuracy;
Third is that the solution of Reynolds number can only obtain the numerical value of individual flow velocity points in the overall process of experiment, the number of whole Reynolds number cannot be obtained
It is worth dynamic rule.
Summary of the invention
Error big, complicated for operation technical problem when artificially testing for existing Reynolds experiment device, the present invention propose one
The full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device of kind, the experimental teaching unit can be avoided the introduced artificial mistake of drawbacks described above
Difference can more be accurately performed teaching experiment in limited time of experiment teaching content, improve experiment teaching effect, obtain more
Accurate experimental result.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, including water feeding tank, water feeding tank respectively with suction pump and tracer
Addition pipeline is connected, and suction pump is connected with cyclic water tank, and tracer adds pipeline and adds regulating valve by tracer and see
Test tube is connected, and the sighting tube is equipped with image collecting device, and sighting tube is connected by flow control valve with purification device,
Purification device is connected with cyclic water tank;The suction pump, image collecting device and flow control valve are connected with host computer,
Host computer is connected with display screen.
Further, described image acquisition device includes CCD camera and reflecting background baffle, CCD camera and reflection
Background baffle difference is corresponding to be arranged in sighting tube two sides, and CCD camera is connected by data line with image pick-up card,
Image pick-up card is connected with host computer.
Further, the setting quantity of the CCD camera is at least three groups, and three groups of CCD cameras are separately positioned on sight
Water inlet, middle part and the water outlet of test tube, three groups of CCD cameras are matched with three groups of reflecting background baffles respectively.
Further, the sighting tube is transparent glass tube.
Further, several current deflecting plates, one end and the water feeding tank phase of current deflecting plate are equipped in the water feeding tank
Connection, is equipped with gap between the other end and water feeding tank of current deflecting plate, several current deflecting plates are interlocked cloth using S type mode
It sets in water feeding tank.
Further, the purification device includes cleaned water tank, and cleaned water tank is connected with sighting tube and cyclic water tank respectively
Logical, cleaned water tank is equipped with depigmenting agent and adds pipeline, and depigmenting agent, which adds, is added with depigmenting agent in pipeline, depigmenting agent adds with tracer
The tracer added in pipeline is added to match, depigmenting agent adds pipeline and is equipped with depigmenting agent addition regulating valve.
Further, the cyclic water tank is closed stainless steel water tank.
Further, the depigmenting agent is acid solution, and tracer is alkaline phenolphthalein solution.
Further, the top of the tracer addition pipeline is funnel-form, and tracer adds top and the tracer of pipeline
Agent addition regulating valve is connected, and the lower part that tracer adds pipeline is rectangular-shaped, the lower part of tracer addition pipeline and sighting tube
It is connected.
A kind of experimental method of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, its step are as follows:
S1 powers on, and suction pump, CCD camera and flow control valve are successively opened by host computer, when entire circulating water flow
After stabilization, while tracer addition regulating valve and depigmenting agent addition regulating valve are opened manually, respectively into tracer addition pipeline
Tracer and depigmenting agent are put into in depigmenting agent addition pipeline;
S2 starts Reynolds number by laminar flow to turbulent lecture experiment, tests initial stage, set flow rate of water flow V1, sighting tube can be observed
One thin AC line of interior presentation waits in sighting tube after waterflow stabilization, inputs the speed of flow control valve respectively by host computer
Regulate and control the screenshot control parameter of parameter and CCD camera, wherein flow control valve speed regulation parameter is used for so that in sighting tube
Water velocity is incremented by steadily, and the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera is realized whole for setting several specific Reynolds number values
The flow regime of acquisition in real time or fixed point acquisition water flow;Host computer calculates public according to Reynolds number calculation formula and pipeline flow simultaneously
Formula is comprehensive to show that synchronization is being shown Reynolds number in a manner of curve graph with the dynamic relationship of change in flow, and by this dynamic relationship
Screen display;
S3 starts Reynolds number by turbulent flow to laminar flow lecture experiment, tests initial stage, set flow rate of water flow V2, sighting tube can be observed
Interior presentation turbulent condition waits in sighting tube after waterflow stabilization, inputs the speed regulation of flow control valve respectively by host computer
The screenshot control parameter of parameter and CCD camera, wherein speed regulation parameter is used for so that water velocity is passed steadily in sighting tube
Subtract, the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera is for setting several specific Reynolds number values, and synchronization gain is along journey different Reynolds number
Under streamflow regime picture, while host computer calculates formula synthesis according to Reynolds number calculation formula and pipeline flow and obtains Reynolds number
It, will be in trends relation curve graphical display to display screen with the dynamic relationship of change in flow.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the present invention relates to full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional devices, can avoid reality caused by human factor completely
Error is tested, more accurate experimental result is obtained, to preferably complete teaching experiment, improves experiment teaching effect.
2, experimental period of the invention is short, process is simple, strong operability, controls flow control valve, regulation by computer
Observe the speed of in-pipe flow;On the one hand the flowing of water flow under specific Reynolds number can be accurately positioned;On the other hand it can be achieved to adjust
The variation of water velocity from laminar flow to turbulent flow or from turbulent flow to laminar flow, obtains Reynolds number changing rule under friction speed, simultaneously
Water flow flow regime image is acquired using CCD camera, by result Real time dynamic display, and then intensification student couple on computers
The understanding of transition between streamflow regime laminar flow and turbulent flow.
3, the present invention implements data acquisition to streamflow regime in water flow state observation pipeline using CCD camera, can supervise in real time
It surveys recording different Reynolds number and is lauched fluid layer stream or turbulent condition, realize overall process record.
4, water circulating purification system is combined with water circulation supply system in the present invention, reduces the supply time of recirculated water
Number, improves the utilization rate of water resource, achievees the purpose that water conservation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of sighting tube in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of water feeding tank in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is Reynolds number dynamic changing curve schematic diagram at any time.
Fig. 5 is work flow diagram of the invention.
In figure, 11 be water feeding tank, and 12 be sighting tube, and 13 be cyclic water tank, and 14 be suction pump, and 15 be current deflecting plate, 21
For CCD camera, 22 be reflecting background baffle, and 23 be data line, and 24 be image pick-up card, and 25 be flow control valve, 26
Pipeline is added for tracer for host computer, 31,32 add regulating valve for tracer, and 33 be cleaned water tank, and 34 add for depigmenting agent
Pipeline, 35 add regulating valve for depigmenting agent.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under that premise of not paying creative labor
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, including experimental bench, experiment
Be placed with water feeding tank 11 on platform, water feeding tank 11 is connected with suction pump 14 and tracer addition pipeline 31 respectively, suction pump 14 with
Cyclic water tank 13 is connected, and the lower section of experimental bench is arranged in cyclic water tank 13, and suction pump provides power, suction pump 14 for water circulation
Water in cyclic water tank 13 is pumped into water feeding tank, according to this water circulation is worked.
Tracer adds pipeline 31 and is connected by tracer addition regulating valve 32 with sighting tube 12, and tracer addition is adjusted
Valve 32 is used to control the inflow velocity of tracer, and the water inlet of sighting tube is arranged in tracer addition pipeline 31, and tracer adds
The top for adding pipeline 31 is funnel-form, and the top of tracer addition pipeline 31 is connected with tracer addition regulating valve 32, tracer
Agent add pipeline 31 lower end be it is rectangular-shaped, tracer addition pipeline 31 lower end be connected with sighting tube 12, show
The lower end of track agent addition pipeline 31 is slightly goed deep into sighting tube 12 by turning end, and in order to tracer and to carry out flowing water more steady
Fixed bout, tracer is using alkaline phenolphthalein solution.
As shown in Fig. 2, the sighting tube 12 is equipped with image collecting device, image collecting device includes CCD camera 21
With reflecting background baffle 22, CCD camera 21 and reflecting background baffle 22 distinguish corresponding setting in 12 two sides of sighting tube, reflection
Background baffle is taken the photograph with CCD camera spatially corresponding distribution for reinforcing the color of reflection observation in-pipe flow convenient for CCD
Camera acquires graph data, facilitates observation of students, and CCD camera 21 is connected by data line 23 with image pick-up card 24
It connects, image pick-up card 24 is connected with host computer 26, and host computer 26 is arranged on station, and ccd image is equipped in host computer 26
Acquisition unit control module, flow control valve control module and Reynolds number dynamic change image display module, ccd image acquisition are single
First control module is connected the image information for receiving CCD acquisition with image pick-up card, flow control valve control module and water
The unlatching that stream regulating valve is connected for controlling flow control valve, Reynolds number dynamic change image display module are simulation software,
Play the function of control and graphical display.
Sighting tube 12 is connected by flow control valve 25 with purification device, and sighting tube 12 is transparent glass tube, in rectangular
Figure, facade width are greater than plane width, and guarantee has enough data acquisitions visual field, the water outlet and flow control valve of sighting tube
25 are connected, and flow control valve 25 is solenoid valve, and for controlling the flow velocity of water flow, reaching makes fluid in sighting tube 12 be in difference
The purpose of streamflow regime.
Purification device is connected with cyclic water tank 13, and purification device includes cleaned water tank 33, and cleaned water tank setting is being tested
Platform side, cleaned water tank play circulation over effect, cyclic water tank 13 is closed stainless steel for storing and purifying return water stream
Water tank, for storing cycling use of water, while achieve the purpose that prevent external dust fall into and case in water body corrosion, cleaned water tank
33 are connected with sighting tube 12 and cyclic water tank 33 respectively, and cleaned water tank 33 is equipped with depigmenting agent and adds pipeline 34, and depigmenting agent adds
Add in pipeline and matched added with depigmenting agent, depigmenting agent and the interior tracer added of tracer addition pipeline, tracer is alkalinity
Phenolphthalein solution, depigmenting agent are acid solution, and the side of cleaned water tank is arranged in depigmenting agent addition pipeline, for eliminating by tracer
The color of the return water stream of dyeing, depigmenting agent add pipeline 34 and are equipped with depigmenting agent addition regulating valve 35, disappeared in cleaned water tank
It is final to flow back into cyclic water tank 13 again after the depigmenting agent effect that toner adds the inflow of pipeline 34 removes color.
The suction pump 14, image collecting device and flow control valve 25 are connected with host computer 26, host computer 26 with
Display screen is connected, and host computer controls the flow velocity of water flow using flow control valve 25 by control 14 water supply water of suction pump circulation,
Host computer 26 shows the graph data that CCD camera 21 acquires on a display screen.
As shown in figure 5, a kind of experimental method of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, its step are as follows:
S1 powers on, and suction pump 14, CCD camera 21 and flow control valve 25 is successively opened by host computer 26, when entire
Circulating water flow stablize after, experimenter open simultaneously tracer addition regulating valve 32 and depigmenting agent addition regulating valve 35, respectively to
In tracer addition pipeline 31 and tracer and depigmenting agent are put into depigmenting agent addition pipeline 34, and return water is eliminated by acid-base neutralization
In color;
S2 starts Reynolds number by laminar flow to turbulent lecture experiment, tests initial stage, flow rate of water flow V1 set, when V1 is water supply start
Water velocity, numerical value is smaller, is in low speed service position, can be observed that a thin AC line is presented in sighting tube 12, waits and seeing
After streamflow regime is stablized in test tube 12, the speed regulation parameter of flow control valve 25 is inputted respectively by host computer 26 and CCD takes the photograph
The screenshot control parameter of camera, flow control valve 25 go out water speed i.e. for control observation pipe;For flow rate, it is the time, is
Constant coefficient, speed regulation parameter are incremented by water velocity in sighting tube 12 steadily, and the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera is available
In setting several specific Reynolds number values, for example, setting Reynolds number is respectively 2300,2800,3200,3800,4000,
4200, while host computer 26 calculates formula synthesis according to Reynolds number calculation formula and pipeline flow and obtains Reynolds number with change in flow
Dynamic relationship, wherein, be respectively fluid flow velocity, density and viscosity coefficient, be pipeline feature length, as shown in figure 4, aobvious
Show screen display Reynolds number with the trends relation curve figure of change in flow;
S3 starts Reynolds number by turbulent flow to laminar flow lecture experiment, tests initial stage, set flow rate of water flow V2, V2 numerical value is larger, considerable
It observes and turbulent condition is presented in sighting tube 12, after streamflow regime is stablized in waiting sighting tube 12, inputted respectively by host computer 26
The speed regulation parameter of flow control valve and the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera, speed regulation parameter make in sighting tube 12
Water velocity is successively decreased steadily, several settable specific Reynolds number values of the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera, for example, setting
Reynolds number is respectively 4800,4500,4200,4000,3800,3500,2800,2300, can synchronization gain along journey different Reynolds number
Under streamflow regime picture, while host computer 26 calculates formula synthesis according to Reynolds number calculation formula and pipeline flow and obtains Reynolds
Number, will be in trends relation curve graphical display to display screen with the dynamic relationship of change in flow.
Embodiment 2: a kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, the setting quantity of the CCD camera 21
It is at least three groups, three groups of CCD cameras are respectively arranged water inlet, middle part and water outlet with sighting tube, three groups of CCD camera shootings
Machine is matched with three groups of reflecting background baffles respectively, guarantees the effect of every group of video camera acquisition picture, for acquiring and recording in real time
Water flow flow regime processed facilitates in student synchronization paired observation sighting tube 12 water flow state in the variation of streamflow regime and display screen
Understanding and understanding of the student to water flow flow mechanism and streamflow regime changing rule are deepened in the variation of Reynolds number value.
Remaining structure and experimental method are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3: it as shown in figure 3, a kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, is set in the water feeding tank 11
There are several current deflecting plates 15, nearly water inlet, 15 length of current deflecting plate is arranged in water feeding tank 11 in current deflecting plate 15
It is slightly less than the width of water feeding tank 11,15 one end of current deflecting plate is connected with water feeding tank, the current deflecting plate other end and water feeding tank
Between there are gap, several current deflecting plates 15 using S type mode interlaced arrangement in water feeding tank so that waterflow stabilization flow
Enter in sighting tube 12, facilitates the accuracy of subsequent experimental.
Remaining structure and experimental method are same as Example 1.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.