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CN109712492A - A kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device - Google Patents

A kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109712492A
CN109712492A CN201910043641.8A CN201910043641A CN109712492A CN 109712492 A CN109712492 A CN 109712492A CN 201910043641 A CN201910043641 A CN 201910043641A CN 109712492 A CN109712492 A CN 109712492A
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water
reynolds
tracer
water flow
flow
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CN109712492B (en
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宋怀涛
马瑞
姚浩伟
魏晓鸽
吴则琪
刘建程
左东东
曹鹏
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Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
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Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
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Abstract

本发明提出一种全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,包括实验台,实验台上放置有供水箱,供水箱分别与抽水泵和示踪剂添加管道相连接,抽水泵与循环水箱相连接,示踪剂添加管道通过示踪剂添加调节阀与观测管相连接,观测管上设有图像采集装置,观测管通过水流调节阀与净化装置相连接,净化装置与循环水箱相连接。本发明整体实验过程简单,可操作性强,实验周期短,能够避免人为因素所引起的实验误差,通过上位机控制水流调节阀动态调整观测管内的水流速度,可实现精确地监控不同水流速度状态下水流雷诺数的变化规律,拓展了现有实验的深度与广度,提高教学效果。

The invention proposes a fully automatic real-time monitoring Renault experiment teaching device, which includes an experimental table, a water supply tank is placed on the experimental table, the water supply tank is respectively connected with a water pump and a tracer adding pipeline, and the water pump is connected with the circulating water tank. The tracer addition pipeline is connected with the observation pipe through the tracer addition regulating valve, the observation pipe is provided with an image acquisition device, the observation pipe is connected with the purification device through the water flow regulating valve, and the purification device is connected with the circulating water tank. The overall experimental process of the invention is simple, the operability is strong, and the experimental period is short, and the experimental error caused by human factors can be avoided. The variation law of the Reynolds number of the water flow expands the depth and breadth of the existing experiments and improves the teaching effect.

Description

A kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of reynolds experiment more particularly to a kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment teaching dresses It sets.
Background technique
Reynolds experiment has very important status in hydromechanical development history, is that hydrodynamics beginner understands water Flow the important experiment of flow mechanism and streamflow regime changing rule.Therefore, during Hydrodynamics in Teaching, reynolds experiment is One essential teaching experiment.However, existing experimental teaching unit is in terms of data acquisition and water velocity control It has the following defects, is divided first is that water flow laminar flow and the transition of turbulent two kinds of fluidised forms fully rely on human eye observation It distinguishes, this observe causes the subjective factor influence of people very big, and caused error is also very big;Second is that solving Reynolds number process In, water velocity is obtained by artificial measurement water flow, obtains by conversion, application condition is big, lacks accuracy; Third is that the solution of Reynolds number can only obtain the numerical value of individual flow velocity points in the overall process of experiment, the number of whole Reynolds number cannot be obtained It is worth dynamic rule.
Summary of the invention
Error big, complicated for operation technical problem when artificially testing for existing Reynolds experiment device, the present invention propose one The full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device of kind, the experimental teaching unit can be avoided the introduced artificial mistake of drawbacks described above Difference can more be accurately performed teaching experiment in limited time of experiment teaching content, improve experiment teaching effect, obtain more Accurate experimental result.
To solve the above-mentioned problems, the technical scheme of the present invention is realized as follows:
A kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, including water feeding tank, water feeding tank respectively with suction pump and tracer Addition pipeline is connected, and suction pump is connected with cyclic water tank, and tracer adds pipeline and adds regulating valve by tracer and see Test tube is connected, and the sighting tube is equipped with image collecting device, and sighting tube is connected by flow control valve with purification device, Purification device is connected with cyclic water tank;The suction pump, image collecting device and flow control valve are connected with host computer, Host computer is connected with display screen.
Further, described image acquisition device includes CCD camera and reflecting background baffle, CCD camera and reflection Background baffle difference is corresponding to be arranged in sighting tube two sides, and CCD camera is connected by data line with image pick-up card, Image pick-up card is connected with host computer.
Further, the setting quantity of the CCD camera is at least three groups, and three groups of CCD cameras are separately positioned on sight Water inlet, middle part and the water outlet of test tube, three groups of CCD cameras are matched with three groups of reflecting background baffles respectively.
Further, the sighting tube is transparent glass tube.
Further, several current deflecting plates, one end and the water feeding tank phase of current deflecting plate are equipped in the water feeding tank Connection, is equipped with gap between the other end and water feeding tank of current deflecting plate, several current deflecting plates are interlocked cloth using S type mode It sets in water feeding tank.
Further, the purification device includes cleaned water tank, and cleaned water tank is connected with sighting tube and cyclic water tank respectively Logical, cleaned water tank is equipped with depigmenting agent and adds pipeline, and depigmenting agent, which adds, is added with depigmenting agent in pipeline, depigmenting agent adds with tracer The tracer added in pipeline is added to match, depigmenting agent adds pipeline and is equipped with depigmenting agent addition regulating valve.
Further, the cyclic water tank is closed stainless steel water tank.
Further, the depigmenting agent is acid solution, and tracer is alkaline phenolphthalein solution.
Further, the top of the tracer addition pipeline is funnel-form, and tracer adds top and the tracer of pipeline Agent addition regulating valve is connected, and the lower part that tracer adds pipeline is rectangular-shaped, the lower part of tracer addition pipeline and sighting tube It is connected.
A kind of experimental method of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, its step are as follows:
S1 powers on, and suction pump, CCD camera and flow control valve are successively opened by host computer, when entire circulating water flow After stabilization, while tracer addition regulating valve and depigmenting agent addition regulating valve are opened manually, respectively into tracer addition pipeline Tracer and depigmenting agent are put into in depigmenting agent addition pipeline;
S2 starts Reynolds number by laminar flow to turbulent lecture experiment, tests initial stage, set flow rate of water flow V1, sighting tube can be observed One thin AC line of interior presentation waits in sighting tube after waterflow stabilization, inputs the speed of flow control valve respectively by host computer Regulate and control the screenshot control parameter of parameter and CCD camera, wherein flow control valve speed regulation parameter is used for so that in sighting tube Water velocity is incremented by steadily, and the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera is realized whole for setting several specific Reynolds number values The flow regime of acquisition in real time or fixed point acquisition water flow;Host computer calculates public according to Reynolds number calculation formula and pipeline flow simultaneously Formula is comprehensive to show that synchronization is being shown Reynolds number in a manner of curve graph with the dynamic relationship of change in flow, and by this dynamic relationship Screen display;
S3 starts Reynolds number by turbulent flow to laminar flow lecture experiment, tests initial stage, set flow rate of water flow V2, sighting tube can be observed Interior presentation turbulent condition waits in sighting tube after waterflow stabilization, inputs the speed regulation of flow control valve respectively by host computer The screenshot control parameter of parameter and CCD camera, wherein speed regulation parameter is used for so that water velocity is passed steadily in sighting tube Subtract, the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera is for setting several specific Reynolds number values, and synchronization gain is along journey different Reynolds number Under streamflow regime picture, while host computer calculates formula synthesis according to Reynolds number calculation formula and pipeline flow and obtains Reynolds number It, will be in trends relation curve graphical display to display screen with the dynamic relationship of change in flow.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1, the present invention relates to full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional devices, can avoid reality caused by human factor completely Error is tested, more accurate experimental result is obtained, to preferably complete teaching experiment, improves experiment teaching effect.
2, experimental period of the invention is short, process is simple, strong operability, controls flow control valve, regulation by computer Observe the speed of in-pipe flow;On the one hand the flowing of water flow under specific Reynolds number can be accurately positioned;On the other hand it can be achieved to adjust The variation of water velocity from laminar flow to turbulent flow or from turbulent flow to laminar flow, obtains Reynolds number changing rule under friction speed, simultaneously Water flow flow regime image is acquired using CCD camera, by result Real time dynamic display, and then intensification student couple on computers The understanding of transition between streamflow regime laminar flow and turbulent flow.
3, the present invention implements data acquisition to streamflow regime in water flow state observation pipeline using CCD camera, can supervise in real time It surveys recording different Reynolds number and is lauched fluid layer stream or turbulent condition, realize overall process record.
4, water circulating purification system is combined with water circulation supply system in the present invention, reduces the supply time of recirculated water Number, improves the utilization rate of water resource, achievees the purpose that water conservation.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of sighting tube in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of water feeding tank in Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is Reynolds number dynamic changing curve schematic diagram at any time.
Fig. 5 is work flow diagram of the invention.
In figure, 11 be water feeding tank, and 12 be sighting tube, and 13 be cyclic water tank, and 14 be suction pump, and 15 be current deflecting plate, 21 For CCD camera, 22 be reflecting background baffle, and 23 be data line, and 24 be image pick-up card, and 25 be flow control valve, 26 Pipeline is added for tracer for host computer, 31,32 add regulating valve for tracer, and 33 be cleaned water tank, and 34 add for depigmenting agent Pipeline, 35 add regulating valve for depigmenting agent.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on Embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained every other under that premise of not paying creative labor Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, including experimental bench, experiment Be placed with water feeding tank 11 on platform, water feeding tank 11 is connected with suction pump 14 and tracer addition pipeline 31 respectively, suction pump 14 with Cyclic water tank 13 is connected, and the lower section of experimental bench is arranged in cyclic water tank 13, and suction pump provides power, suction pump 14 for water circulation Water in cyclic water tank 13 is pumped into water feeding tank, according to this water circulation is worked.
Tracer adds pipeline 31 and is connected by tracer addition regulating valve 32 with sighting tube 12, and tracer addition is adjusted Valve 32 is used to control the inflow velocity of tracer, and the water inlet of sighting tube is arranged in tracer addition pipeline 31, and tracer adds The top for adding pipeline 31 is funnel-form, and the top of tracer addition pipeline 31 is connected with tracer addition regulating valve 32, tracer Agent add pipeline 31 lower end be it is rectangular-shaped, tracer addition pipeline 31 lower end be connected with sighting tube 12, show The lower end of track agent addition pipeline 31 is slightly goed deep into sighting tube 12 by turning end, and in order to tracer and to carry out flowing water more steady Fixed bout, tracer is using alkaline phenolphthalein solution.
As shown in Fig. 2, the sighting tube 12 is equipped with image collecting device, image collecting device includes CCD camera 21 With reflecting background baffle 22, CCD camera 21 and reflecting background baffle 22 distinguish corresponding setting in 12 two sides of sighting tube, reflection Background baffle is taken the photograph with CCD camera spatially corresponding distribution for reinforcing the color of reflection observation in-pipe flow convenient for CCD Camera acquires graph data, facilitates observation of students, and CCD camera 21 is connected by data line 23 with image pick-up card 24 It connects, image pick-up card 24 is connected with host computer 26, and host computer 26 is arranged on station, and ccd image is equipped in host computer 26 Acquisition unit control module, flow control valve control module and Reynolds number dynamic change image display module, ccd image acquisition are single First control module is connected the image information for receiving CCD acquisition with image pick-up card, flow control valve control module and water The unlatching that stream regulating valve is connected for controlling flow control valve, Reynolds number dynamic change image display module are simulation software, Play the function of control and graphical display.
Sighting tube 12 is connected by flow control valve 25 with purification device, and sighting tube 12 is transparent glass tube, in rectangular Figure, facade width are greater than plane width, and guarantee has enough data acquisitions visual field, the water outlet and flow control valve of sighting tube 25 are connected, and flow control valve 25 is solenoid valve, and for controlling the flow velocity of water flow, reaching makes fluid in sighting tube 12 be in difference The purpose of streamflow regime.
Purification device is connected with cyclic water tank 13, and purification device includes cleaned water tank 33, and cleaned water tank setting is being tested Platform side, cleaned water tank play circulation over effect, cyclic water tank 13 is closed stainless steel for storing and purifying return water stream Water tank, for storing cycling use of water, while achieve the purpose that prevent external dust fall into and case in water body corrosion, cleaned water tank 33 are connected with sighting tube 12 and cyclic water tank 33 respectively, and cleaned water tank 33 is equipped with depigmenting agent and adds pipeline 34, and depigmenting agent adds Add in pipeline and matched added with depigmenting agent, depigmenting agent and the interior tracer added of tracer addition pipeline, tracer is alkalinity Phenolphthalein solution, depigmenting agent are acid solution, and the side of cleaned water tank is arranged in depigmenting agent addition pipeline, for eliminating by tracer The color of the return water stream of dyeing, depigmenting agent add pipeline 34 and are equipped with depigmenting agent addition regulating valve 35, disappeared in cleaned water tank It is final to flow back into cyclic water tank 13 again after the depigmenting agent effect that toner adds the inflow of pipeline 34 removes color.
The suction pump 14, image collecting device and flow control valve 25 are connected with host computer 26, host computer 26 with Display screen is connected, and host computer controls the flow velocity of water flow using flow control valve 25 by control 14 water supply water of suction pump circulation, Host computer 26 shows the graph data that CCD camera 21 acquires on a display screen.
As shown in figure 5, a kind of experimental method of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, its step are as follows:
S1 powers on, and suction pump 14, CCD camera 21 and flow control valve 25 is successively opened by host computer 26, when entire Circulating water flow stablize after, experimenter open simultaneously tracer addition regulating valve 32 and depigmenting agent addition regulating valve 35, respectively to In tracer addition pipeline 31 and tracer and depigmenting agent are put into depigmenting agent addition pipeline 34, and return water is eliminated by acid-base neutralization In color;
S2 starts Reynolds number by laminar flow to turbulent lecture experiment, tests initial stage, flow rate of water flow V1 set, when V1 is water supply start Water velocity, numerical value is smaller, is in low speed service position, can be observed that a thin AC line is presented in sighting tube 12, waits and seeing After streamflow regime is stablized in test tube 12, the speed regulation parameter of flow control valve 25 is inputted respectively by host computer 26 and CCD takes the photograph The screenshot control parameter of camera, flow control valve 25 go out water speed i.e. for control observation pipe;For flow rate, it is the time, is Constant coefficient, speed regulation parameter are incremented by water velocity in sighting tube 12 steadily, and the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera is available In setting several specific Reynolds number values, for example, setting Reynolds number is respectively 2300,2800,3200,3800,4000, 4200, while host computer 26 calculates formula synthesis according to Reynolds number calculation formula and pipeline flow and obtains Reynolds number with change in flow Dynamic relationship, wherein, be respectively fluid flow velocity, density and viscosity coefficient, be pipeline feature length, as shown in figure 4, aobvious Show screen display Reynolds number with the trends relation curve figure of change in flow;
S3 starts Reynolds number by turbulent flow to laminar flow lecture experiment, tests initial stage, set flow rate of water flow V2, V2 numerical value is larger, considerable It observes and turbulent condition is presented in sighting tube 12, after streamflow regime is stablized in waiting sighting tube 12, inputted respectively by host computer 26 The speed regulation parameter of flow control valve and the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera, speed regulation parameter make in sighting tube 12 Water velocity is successively decreased steadily, several settable specific Reynolds number values of the screenshot control parameter of CCD camera, for example, setting Reynolds number is respectively 4800,4500,4200,4000,3800,3500,2800,2300, can synchronization gain along journey different Reynolds number Under streamflow regime picture, while host computer 26 calculates formula synthesis according to Reynolds number calculation formula and pipeline flow and obtains Reynolds Number, will be in trends relation curve graphical display to display screen with the dynamic relationship of change in flow.
Embodiment 2: a kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, the setting quantity of the CCD camera 21 It is at least three groups, three groups of CCD cameras are respectively arranged water inlet, middle part and water outlet with sighting tube, three groups of CCD camera shootings Machine is matched with three groups of reflecting background baffles respectively, guarantees the effect of every group of video camera acquisition picture, for acquiring and recording in real time Water flow flow regime processed facilitates in student synchronization paired observation sighting tube 12 water flow state in the variation of streamflow regime and display screen Understanding and understanding of the student to water flow flow mechanism and streamflow regime changing rule are deepened in the variation of Reynolds number value.
Remaining structure and experimental method are same as Example 1.
Embodiment 3: it as shown in figure 3, a kind of full-automatic real-time monitoring reynolds experiment instructional device, is set in the water feeding tank 11 There are several current deflecting plates 15, nearly water inlet, 15 length of current deflecting plate is arranged in water feeding tank 11 in current deflecting plate 15 It is slightly less than the width of water feeding tank 11,15 one end of current deflecting plate is connected with water feeding tank, the current deflecting plate other end and water feeding tank Between there are gap, several current deflecting plates 15 using S type mode interlaced arrangement in water feeding tank so that waterflow stabilization flow Enter in sighting tube 12, facilitates the accuracy of subsequent experimental.
Remaining structure and experimental method are same as Example 1.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,包括实验台,实验台上放置有供水箱(11),供水箱(11)分别与抽水泵(14)和示踪剂添加管道(31)相连接,抽水泵(14)与循环水箱(13)相连接,示踪剂添加管道(31)通过示踪剂添加调节阀(32)与观测管(12)相连接,其特征在于,所述观测管(12)上设有图像采集装置,观测管(12)通过水流调节阀(25)与净化装置相连接,净化装置与循环水箱(13)相连接;所述抽水泵(14)、图像采集装置和水流调节阀(25)均与上位机(26)相连接,上位机(26)与显示屏相连接。1. A fully automatic real-time monitoring Renault experiment teaching device, comprising an experimental bench, a water supply tank (11) is placed on the experimental bench, and the water supply tank (11) is respectively connected with a pumping pump (14) and a tracer adding pipeline (31). connection, the pumping pump (14) is connected with the circulating water tank (13), the tracer adding pipeline (31) is connected with the observation pipe (12) through the tracer adding regulating valve (32), and it is characterized in that the observation The pipe (12) is provided with an image acquisition device, the observation pipe (12) is connected with the purification device through the water flow regulating valve (25), and the purification device is connected with the circulating water tank (13); the suction pump (14), the image acquisition Both the device and the water flow regulating valve (25) are connected with the upper computer (26), and the upper computer (26) is connected with the display screen. 2.根据权利要求1所述的全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,其特征在于,所述图像采集装置包括CCD摄像机(21)和反射背景挡板(22),CCD摄像机(21)和反射背景挡板(22)分别相对应设置在观测管(12)两侧,CCD摄像机(21)通过数据传输线(23)与图像采集卡(24)相连接,图像采集卡(24)与上位机(26)相连接。2. The fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experiment teaching device according to claim 1, wherein the image acquisition device comprises a CCD camera (21) and a reflective background baffle (22), a CCD camera (21) and a reflective background The baffles (22) are respectively arranged on both sides of the observation tube (12) correspondingly, the CCD camera (21) is connected with the image acquisition card (24) through the data transmission line (23), and the image acquisition card (24) is connected with the upper computer (26) ) are connected. 3.根据权利要求2所述的全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,其特征在于,所述CCD摄像机(21)的设置数量为至少三组,三组CCD摄像机(21)分别设置在观测管(12)的进水口处、中部和出水口处,三组CCD摄像机(21)分别与三组反射背景挡板(22)相配合。3. The fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experiment teaching device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the set number of the CCD cameras (21) is at least three groups, and the three groups of CCD cameras (21) are respectively arranged on the observation tube (21). At the water inlet, the middle and the water outlet of 12), three groups of CCD cameras (21) are respectively matched with three groups of reflective background baffles (22). 4.根据权利要求1或2所述的全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,其特征在于,所述观测管(12)为透明玻璃管。4. The fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experiment teaching device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the observation tube (12) is a transparent glass tube. 5.根据权利要求1所述的全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,其特征在于,所述供水箱(11)内设有若干个水流导向板(15),水流导向板(15)的一端与供水箱相连接,水流导向板(15)的另一端与供水箱之间设有空隙,若干个水流导向板(15)采用S型方式交错布置在供水箱内。5. The fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experimental teaching device according to claim 1, characterized in that, a plurality of water flow guide plates (15) are provided in the water supply tank (11), and one end of the water flow guide plate (15) is connected with the water flow guide plate (15). The water supply tanks are connected, and a gap is provided between the other end of the water flow guide plate (15) and the water supply tank. 6.根据权利要求1所述的全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,其特征在于,所述净化装置包括净化水箱(33),净化水箱(33)分别与观测管(12)和循环水箱(13)相连通,净化水箱(33)上设有消色剂添加管道(34),消色剂添加管道(34)内添加有消色剂,消色剂与示踪剂添加管道(31)内添加的示踪剂相配合,消色剂添加管道(34)上设有消色剂添加调节阀(35)。6. The fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experimental teaching device according to claim 1, wherein the purification device comprises a purified water tank (33), and the purified water tank (33) is connected to the observation tube (12) and the circulating water tank (13) respectively. ) are connected, the purified water tank (33) is provided with a decolorizer adding pipeline (34), the decolorizer is added in the decolorizer adding pipeline (34), and the decolorizer and the tracer adding pipeline (31) are added The decolorizer addition pipeline (34) is provided with a decolorizer addition regulating valve (35). 7.根据权利要求1或6所述的全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,其特征在于,所述循环水箱(13)为封闭式不锈钢水箱。7. The fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experiment teaching device according to claim 1 or 6, wherein the circulating water tank (13) is a closed stainless steel water tank. 8.根据权利要求6所述的全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,其特征在于,所述消色剂为酸性溶液,示踪剂为碱性酚酞溶液。8 . The fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experiment teaching device according to claim 6 , wherein the decolorizing agent is an acidic solution, and the tracer is an alkaline phenolphthalein solution. 9 . 9.根据权利要求1所述的全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置,其特征在于,所述示踪剂添加管道设置在观测管的进水口处,示踪剂添加管道(31)的上部为漏斗状,示踪剂添加管道(31)的上部与示踪剂添加调节阀(32)相连接,示踪剂添加管道(31)的下部末端为直角状,示踪剂添加管道(31)的下部末端通过拐角端与观测管(12)相连接。9 . The fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experimental teaching device according to claim 1 , wherein the tracer adding pipeline is arranged at the water inlet of the observation pipe, and the upper part of the tracer adding pipeline (31) is a funnel. 10 . The upper part of the tracer adding pipeline (31) is connected with the tracer adding regulating valve (32), the lower end of the tracer adding pipeline (31) is in the shape of a right angle, and the lower part of the tracer adding pipeline (31) The end is connected to the sight tube (12) by the corner end. 10.一种全自动实时监测雷诺实验教学装置的实验方法,其特征在于,其步骤如下:10. An experimental method for fully automatic real-time monitoring Reynolds experimental teaching device, characterized in that its steps are as follows: S1,接通电源,通过上位机(26)依次打开抽水泵(14)、CCD摄像机(21)和水流调节阀(25),当整个循环水流稳定后,同时手动打开示踪剂添加调节阀(32)和消色剂添加调节阀(35),分别向示踪剂添加管道(31)内和消色剂添加管道(34)内放入示踪剂和消色剂;S1, turn on the power, turn on the water pump (14), the CCD camera (21) and the water flow regulating valve (25) in turn through the host computer (26), when the whole circulating water flow is stable, manually open the tracer adding regulating valve ( 32) and the decolorizer adding regulating valve (35), respectively putting the tracer and the decolorizer into the tracer adding pipeline (31) and the decolorizing agent adding pipeline (34); S2,开始雷诺数由层流到紊流演示实验,实验初期,设定水流流速V1,可观察到观测管(12)内呈现一条细直流线,等待观测管(12)内水流状态稳定后,通过上位机(26)分别输入水流调节阀(25)的速度调控参数和CCD摄像机的截图控制参数,其中,水流调节阀(25)速度调控参数用于使得观测管(12)内水流速度稳步递增,CCD摄像机的截图控制参数用于设定若干个具体的雷诺数值,实现全程实时采集或定点采集水流的流动状态;同时上位机(26)根据雷诺数计算公式和管道流量计算公式综合得出雷诺数随流速变化的动态关系,并将这种动态关系以曲线图的方式同步在显示屏上显示;S2, start the demonstration experiment of Reynolds number from laminar flow to turbulent flow. In the early stage of the experiment, set the water flow velocity V1, it can be observed that a thin straight line appears in the observation tube (12), and after the water flow state in the observation tube (12) is stable, The speed control parameters of the water flow control valve (25) and the screenshot control parameters of the CCD camera are respectively input through the host computer (26), wherein the speed control parameters of the water flow control valve (25) are used to make the water flow speed in the observation tube (12) increase steadily , the screenshot control parameters of the CCD camera are used to set a number of specific Reynolds values to achieve real-time acquisition or fixed-point acquisition of the flow state of the water flow throughout the whole process; at the same time, the upper computer (26) obtains the Reynolds comprehensively according to the Reynolds number calculation formula and the pipeline flow calculation formula The dynamic relationship between the number and the flow rate changes, and the dynamic relationship is displayed on the display screen synchronously in the form of a graph; S3,开始雷诺数由紊流到层流演示实验,实验初期,设定水流流速V2,可观察到观测管(12)内呈现紊流状态,等待观测管(12)内水流状态稳定后,通过上位机(26)分别输入水流调节阀的速度调控参数和CCD摄像机的截图控制参数,其中,速度调控参数用于使得观测管(12)内水流速度稳步递减,CCD摄像机的截图控制参数用于设定若干个具体的雷诺数值,同步获得沿程不同雷诺数下的水流状态图片,同时上位机根据雷诺数计算公式和管道流量计算公式综合得出雷诺数随流速变化的动态关系,并将动态关系曲线图显示到显示屏上。S3, start the demonstration experiment of Reynolds number from turbulent flow to laminar flow. In the early stage of the experiment, set the water flow velocity V2, and it can be observed that the observation tube (12) presents a turbulent state. After waiting for the water flow in the observation tube (12) to stabilize, pass The upper computer (26) respectively inputs the speed control parameters of the water flow control valve and the screenshot control parameters of the CCD camera, wherein the speed control parameters are used to make the water flow speed in the observation tube (12) decrease steadily, and the screenshot control parameters of the CCD camera are used to set the speed control parameters. Set a number of specific Reynolds values, and simultaneously obtain pictures of the water flow state under different Reynolds numbers along the route. At the same time, the upper computer comprehensively obtains the dynamic relationship between the Reynolds number and the flow rate according to the Reynolds number calculation formula and the pipeline flow calculation formula, and the dynamic relationship is calculated. The graph is shown on the display.
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