A method of mesopore silicon oxide is prepared using flyash acid leaching residue
Technical field
The invention belongs to the resource utilization of industrial solid castoff flyash and mesopore silicon oxide synthesis technical field, tools
Body is related to a kind of method for preparing mesopore silicon oxide using flyash acid leaching residue.
Background technique
Flyash is one of the main solid waste that coal-burning power plant generates, year yield it is huge.Currently, flyash quilt
It is widely used in building materials, builds work field, utilization rate reaches 70%, and the flyash that residue is not utilized effectively is largely stored up not only
Occupy valuable land resource, and due to fugitive dust, be discharged into the modes such as water system serious influence produced on environment.
The main component of flyash is silica and aluminium oxide (60~85%), therefore the utilization of sial is powder in flyash
The important directions of coal ash.In a mild condition to flyash acidleach, then through isolating and purifying a series of available high added values
Aluminium product aluminium polychloride, metallurgical-grade aluminum oxide etc..While preparing aluminium product, silica is isolated in the form of acid leaching residue
Come.The main component of acid leaching residue is silica (> 85%), is good silicon source;But the silica in acid leaching residue cannot be answered directly
With, it is necessary to it need to be translated into sodium silicate solution, or prepare silicon materials through sodium silicate solution again.Therefore acid leaching residue efficiently prepares silicon
Acid sodium solution is the matter of utmost importance that silicon utilizes in acid leaching residue.In addition, the sodium silicate solution huge market demand, industrially passes through quartz
Sand is prepared by raw material alkali soluble under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and quartz sand is not only largely exploited in the technique, causes environmental disruption, and
Process energy consumption is high.Since silicon is mainly unformed silica in acid leaching residue, activity is higher, therefore alkali soluble can obtain at low temperature
Sodium silicate solution.Using the fly ash base sodium silicate solution of low cost as raw material, can further be prepared by process optimization attached
Value added higher ordered meso-porous silicon oxide material.
Mesopore silicon oxide has in fields such as catalysis, adsorbing separations and answers extensively due to having suitable specific surface area, aperture
With.It is at present largely using fly ash base sodium metasilicate for meso pore silicon oxide material as presoma using coal ash for manufacturing, in template
Auxiliary under, prepared using hydro-thermal method or sol-gel method.However, since template is expensive, silicon concentration is lower and causes to make
Higher cost, the production efficiency of standby mesopore silicon oxide are low.In addition, the sodium silicate solution of low modulus makes in material preparation process
A large amount of sodium salt is generated, post-processing is difficult, it is difficult to industrially promote and apply.It would therefore be highly desirable to develop a kind of efficient, extensive
The method for producing fly ash base mesopore silicon oxide, to meet the needs of mesopore silicon oxide is constantly grown, while also to flyash
It is sufficiently dissolved, really solves the handling problems of flyash.
In conclusion the present invention prepares the sodium silicate solution of high mode using flyash acid leaching residue as raw material, and then as
Raw material controls hydrolysis, the polymerization speed of sodium metasilicate by control chemical reaction process using simple sol-gel technology
Degree, realizes the extensive controlledly synthesis of mesopore silicon oxide, has good economy, environmental and social benefits.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing mesopore silicon oxide using flyash acid leaching residue, this method works
Skill process is simple, low in raw material price, synthesis cost is low, synthesis process is industrially simple and easy, and energy consumption is lower.By this hair
The meso pore silicon oxide material of bright method synthesis has biggish specific surface area and Kong Rong, has broad prospects in adsorbing domain.
To achieve the above object, a kind of side that mesopore silicon oxide is prepared using flyash acid leaching residue designed by the present invention
Method, comprising the following steps:
1) flyash and sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid solution after 100~140min of acidleach, are separated by filtration, obtain at 120~140 DEG C
Flyash acid leaching residue;
2) flyash acid leaching residue obtained in step 1) is mixed with sodium hydroxide solution according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2~1:4,
0.5~2h of dissolution reaction, reaction terminate, filter while hot at 60~90 DEG C, obtain soluble glass of high modulus;
3) concentration for adjusting silicon in waterglass is 20~60g/L, is 4 with the pH value that sulfuric acid adjusts high-modulus sodium silicate solution
~5,5~10min of sol gel reaction is carried out, colloidal sol is obtained;
4) with ammonium hydroxide adjust colloidal sol pH value be 7~9, add calgon, at 30~60 DEG C aging 0.5~
2h, wherein the mass ratio of calgon and waterglass is 0.05~0.2%;
5) solidliquid mixture after step 4) aging is separated by solid-liquid separation, by filtering, being washed to pH value in
Property, obtain filter cake;
6) filter cake obtained in step 5) is dried to 1~2h at 100~110 DEG C, then is roasted at 300~400 DEG C
1.5~3h obtains mesopore silicon oxide after cooling.
Preferably, the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 20~37% in the step 1), and the concentration of sulfuric acid solution is 20
~40%.
Preferably, the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 5~15% in the step 2), sodium hydroxide solution and acid
The liquid-solid ratio of phase analysis is 1:3.
Preferably, the concentration of silicon is 40~60g/L in adjustment waterglass in the step 3), the sulfuric acid
Concentration is 5~20%.
Preferably, the concentration of ammonium hydroxide is 5~25% in the step 4), and aging temperature is 40~50 DEG C, aging
Time is 1~2h;The mass ratio of the calgon and waterglass is 0.05~0.15%.
Preferably, drying temperature is 105 DEG C in the step 5), and maturing temperature is 350 DEG C.
Preferably, mesopore silicon oxide specific surface area obtained in the step 6) reaches 452m2/ g, average pore size
For 13.22nm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
First, for the present invention program using industrial waste flyash acid leaching residue as raw material, reaction condition is mild, obtained waterglass
Purity is high, had not only realized the resource utilization of flyash, but also had synthesized widely used mesopore silicon oxide, realized the conjunction of resource
Reason utilizes.
Second, using high mode, the sodium silicate solution synthesizing mesoporous monox of high concentration, improve the life of mesopore silicon oxide
Efficiency is produced, the cost of post-processing is reduced.
Third, the present invention program do not add template, and the water of sodium silicate solution is controlled by the way that a small amount of calgon is added
Solution and condensation rate, have synthesized the controllable mesopore silicon oxide of pore structure, between 10~20nm, specific surface area is up to average pore size
452m2/g。
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the nitrogen adsorption curve graph of product mesopore silicon oxide in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the content of present invention is not limited only to these implementations
Example.
The flyash acid leaching residue raw material that following specific embodiments use is by by industrial waste flyash and sulfuric acid or salt
Acid solution after 100~140min of acidleach, filters, isolated flyash acid leaching residue at 120~140 DEG C.Flyash acid leaching residue
Middle composition and content are shown in Table 1;
Embodiment 1
It is that 1:2.5 is mixed according to solid-to-liquid ratio that a certain amount of acid leaching residue, which is weighed, with 10wt.% sodium hydroxide solution, at 80 DEG C
Under the conditions of dissolve 1h, reaction terminates, and filters while hot, obtains soluble glass of high modulus.Silicon concentration in waterglass is adjusted to 40g/L,
Its pH value is adjusted to 2.0 with 10wt.% sulfuric acid solution, and in normal-temperature reaction 30min;Mixed system is adjusted with 20wt.% ammonium hydroxide
PH value be 7.0,0.15% calgon is added, the aging 2h at 40 DEG C;After reaction, to solidliquid mixture into
It is capable to be separated by solid-liquid separation, isolated solid powder is dried into 1.5h, then roast 1.5h at 400 DEG C at 105 DEG C, obtained mesoporous
Silica product.
Embodiment 2
It is that 1:3 is mixed according to solid-to-liquid ratio that a certain amount of acid leaching residue, which is weighed, with 15wt.% sodium hydroxide solution, in 90 DEG C of conditions
Lower dissolution 0.5h, reaction terminate, filter while hot, obtain soluble glass of high modulus.Silicon concentration in waterglass is adjusted to 50g/L, is used
20wt.% sulfuric acid adjusts its pH value to 2.5, and in normal-temperature reaction 30min;The pH value of mixed system is adjusted with 15wt% ammonium hydroxide
It is 8.0,0.10% calgon is added, the aging 2h at 50 DEG C;After reaction, solid-liquid point is carried out to solidliquid mixture
From, by isolated solid powder at 105 DEG C dry 1h;3h is roasted at 350 DEG C again, obtains mesoporous oxidation after cooling
Silicon.
Embodiment 3
It weighs a certain amount of acid leaching residue and is mixed with 10wt.% sodium hydroxide solution according to 1:4 solid-to-liquid ratio, under the conditions of 90 DEG C
1.5h is dissolved, reaction terminates, filters while hot, obtains soluble glass of high modulus.Silicon concentration in waterglass is adjusted to 60g/L, is used
30wt.% sulfuric acid adjusts its pH value to 3.0, and in normal-temperature reaction 30min;The pH value of mixed system is adjusted with 25wt.% ammonium hydroxide
It is 9.0,0.05% calgon is added, the aging 2h at 60 DEG C;After reaction, solidliquid mixture is subjected to solid-liquid
Isolated solid powder is dried at 100 DEG C 2h, then roasts 2h at 300 DEG C by separation, obtains mesoporous oxidation after cooling
Silicon.
It is found that adsorption curve is IV type curve from the nitrogen adsorption curve graph of mesopore silicon oxide shown in Fig. 2, show oxygen
SiClx has typical meso-hole structure, and the specific surface area of gained mesopore silicon oxide reaches 452m2/ g, average pore size 13.22nm.
Table 1
Composition and content table in flyash acid leaching residue
The above described specific embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Any basis
Any other various changes and modifications that technical concept of the invention is made should be included in the guarantor of the claims in the present invention
It protects in range.