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CN109665534A - A method of mesopore silicon oxide is prepared using flyash acid leaching residue - Google Patents

A method of mesopore silicon oxide is prepared using flyash acid leaching residue Download PDF

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CN109665534A
CN109665534A CN201811395289.6A CN201811395289A CN109665534A CN 109665534 A CN109665534 A CN 109665534A CN 201811395289 A CN201811395289 A CN 201811395289A CN 109665534 A CN109665534 A CN 109665534A
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acid leaching
fly ash
mesoporous silica
concentration
leaching slag
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CN109665534B (en
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崔静磊
吴海滨
郭彦霞
崔莉
程芳琴
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Shanxi University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B33/00Silicon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B33/113Silicon oxides; Hydrates thereof
    • C01B33/12Silica; Hydrates thereof, e.g. lepidoic silicic acid
    • C01B33/18Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof
    • C01B33/187Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates
    • C01B33/193Preparation of finely divided silica neither in sol nor in gel form; After-treatment thereof by acidic treatment of silicates of aqueous solutions of silicates
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/12Surface area
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2006/00Physical properties of inorganic compounds
    • C01P2006/16Pore diameter
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Abstract

本发明公开了一种利用粉煤灰酸浸渣制备介孔氧化硅的方法,包括以下步骤:1)粉煤灰与硫酸或盐酸在120~140℃下酸浸后,过滤分离,得到粉煤灰酸浸渣;2)将粉煤灰酸浸渣与氢氧化钠溶液按照固液比1:2~1:4混合,在60~90℃下溶解反应0.5~2h,趁热过滤,得到高模数水玻璃;3)调整水玻璃中硅的浓度,用硫酸调节溶液的pH值为4~5,反应5~10min;4)用氨水调节溶胶的pH值为7~9,再加入六偏磷酸钠,在30~60℃下老化0.5~2h;5)将老化后的混合物进行固液分离,得到滤饼;6)将滤饼在100~110℃下干燥1~2h,再在300~400℃下焙烧1.5~3h,冷却后得到介孔氧化硅。

The invention discloses a method for preparing mesoporous silica by using fly ash acid leaching slag. Lime acid leaching residue; 2) Mix the fly ash acid leaching slag and sodium hydroxide solution according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 to 1:4, dissolve and react at 60 to 90 ° C for 0.5 to 2 hours, and filter while hot to obtain high Modulus water glass; 3) Adjust the concentration of silicon in the water glass, use sulfuric acid to adjust the pH of the solution to 4 to 5, and react for 5 to 10 minutes; 4) Use ammonia to adjust the pH of the sol to 7 to 9, and then add hexagonal Sodium phosphate, aged at 30~60°C for 0.5~2h; 5) Separate the aged mixture from solid and liquid to obtain a filter cake; 6) Dry the filter cake at 100~110°C for 1~2h, and then dry the filter cake at 300~110°C for 1~2h Baking at 400 ℃ for 1.5 to 3 hours, and cooling to obtain mesoporous silica.

Description

A method of mesopore silicon oxide is prepared using flyash acid leaching residue
Technical field
The invention belongs to the resource utilization of industrial solid castoff flyash and mesopore silicon oxide synthesis technical field, tools Body is related to a kind of method for preparing mesopore silicon oxide using flyash acid leaching residue.
Background technique
Flyash is one of the main solid waste that coal-burning power plant generates, year yield it is huge.Currently, flyash quilt It is widely used in building materials, builds work field, utilization rate reaches 70%, and the flyash that residue is not utilized effectively is largely stored up not only Occupy valuable land resource, and due to fugitive dust, be discharged into the modes such as water system serious influence produced on environment.
The main component of flyash is silica and aluminium oxide (60~85%), therefore the utilization of sial is powder in flyash The important directions of coal ash.In a mild condition to flyash acidleach, then through isolating and purifying a series of available high added values Aluminium product aluminium polychloride, metallurgical-grade aluminum oxide etc..While preparing aluminium product, silica is isolated in the form of acid leaching residue Come.The main component of acid leaching residue is silica (> 85%), is good silicon source;But the silica in acid leaching residue cannot be answered directly With, it is necessary to it need to be translated into sodium silicate solution, or prepare silicon materials through sodium silicate solution again.Therefore acid leaching residue efficiently prepares silicon Acid sodium solution is the matter of utmost importance that silicon utilizes in acid leaching residue.In addition, the sodium silicate solution huge market demand, industrially passes through quartz Sand is prepared by raw material alkali soluble under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, and quartz sand is not only largely exploited in the technique, causes environmental disruption, and Process energy consumption is high.Since silicon is mainly unformed silica in acid leaching residue, activity is higher, therefore alkali soluble can obtain at low temperature Sodium silicate solution.Using the fly ash base sodium silicate solution of low cost as raw material, can further be prepared by process optimization attached Value added higher ordered meso-porous silicon oxide material.
Mesopore silicon oxide has in fields such as catalysis, adsorbing separations and answers extensively due to having suitable specific surface area, aperture With.It is at present largely using fly ash base sodium metasilicate for meso pore silicon oxide material as presoma using coal ash for manufacturing, in template Auxiliary under, prepared using hydro-thermal method or sol-gel method.However, since template is expensive, silicon concentration is lower and causes to make Higher cost, the production efficiency of standby mesopore silicon oxide are low.In addition, the sodium silicate solution of low modulus makes in material preparation process A large amount of sodium salt is generated, post-processing is difficult, it is difficult to industrially promote and apply.It would therefore be highly desirable to develop a kind of efficient, extensive The method for producing fly ash base mesopore silicon oxide, to meet the needs of mesopore silicon oxide is constantly grown, while also to flyash It is sufficiently dissolved, really solves the handling problems of flyash.
In conclusion the present invention prepares the sodium silicate solution of high mode using flyash acid leaching residue as raw material, and then as Raw material controls hydrolysis, the polymerization speed of sodium metasilicate by control chemical reaction process using simple sol-gel technology Degree, realizes the extensive controlledly synthesis of mesopore silicon oxide, has good economy, environmental and social benefits.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for preparing mesopore silicon oxide using flyash acid leaching residue, this method works Skill process is simple, low in raw material price, synthesis cost is low, synthesis process is industrially simple and easy, and energy consumption is lower.By this hair The meso pore silicon oxide material of bright method synthesis has biggish specific surface area and Kong Rong, has broad prospects in adsorbing domain.
To achieve the above object, a kind of side that mesopore silicon oxide is prepared using flyash acid leaching residue designed by the present invention Method, comprising the following steps:
1) flyash and sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid solution after 100~140min of acidleach, are separated by filtration, obtain at 120~140 DEG C Flyash acid leaching residue;
2) flyash acid leaching residue obtained in step 1) is mixed with sodium hydroxide solution according to solid-to-liquid ratio 1:2~1:4, 0.5~2h of dissolution reaction, reaction terminate, filter while hot at 60~90 DEG C, obtain soluble glass of high modulus;
3) concentration for adjusting silicon in waterglass is 20~60g/L, is 4 with the pH value that sulfuric acid adjusts high-modulus sodium silicate solution ~5,5~10min of sol gel reaction is carried out, colloidal sol is obtained;
4) with ammonium hydroxide adjust colloidal sol pH value be 7~9, add calgon, at 30~60 DEG C aging 0.5~ 2h, wherein the mass ratio of calgon and waterglass is 0.05~0.2%;
5) solidliquid mixture after step 4) aging is separated by solid-liquid separation, by filtering, being washed to pH value in Property, obtain filter cake;
6) filter cake obtained in step 5) is dried to 1~2h at 100~110 DEG C, then is roasted at 300~400 DEG C 1.5~3h obtains mesopore silicon oxide after cooling.
Preferably, the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution is 20~37% in the step 1), and the concentration of sulfuric acid solution is 20 ~40%.
Preferably, the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 5~15% in the step 2), sodium hydroxide solution and acid The liquid-solid ratio of phase analysis is 1:3.
Preferably, the concentration of silicon is 40~60g/L in adjustment waterglass in the step 3), the sulfuric acid Concentration is 5~20%.
Preferably, the concentration of ammonium hydroxide is 5~25% in the step 4), and aging temperature is 40~50 DEG C, aging Time is 1~2h;The mass ratio of the calgon and waterglass is 0.05~0.15%.
Preferably, drying temperature is 105 DEG C in the step 5), and maturing temperature is 350 DEG C.
Preferably, mesopore silicon oxide specific surface area obtained in the step 6) reaches 452m2/ g, average pore size For 13.22nm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
First, for the present invention program using industrial waste flyash acid leaching residue as raw material, reaction condition is mild, obtained waterglass Purity is high, had not only realized the resource utilization of flyash, but also had synthesized widely used mesopore silicon oxide, realized the conjunction of resource Reason utilizes.
Second, using high mode, the sodium silicate solution synthesizing mesoporous monox of high concentration, improve the life of mesopore silicon oxide Efficiency is produced, the cost of post-processing is reduced.
Third, the present invention program do not add template, and the water of sodium silicate solution is controlled by the way that a small amount of calgon is added Solution and condensation rate, have synthesized the controllable mesopore silicon oxide of pore structure, between 10~20nm, specific surface area is up to average pore size 452m2/g。
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of the method for the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the nitrogen adsorption curve graph of product mesopore silicon oxide in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but the content of present invention is not limited only to these implementations Example.
The flyash acid leaching residue raw material that following specific embodiments use is by by industrial waste flyash and sulfuric acid or salt Acid solution after 100~140min of acidleach, filters, isolated flyash acid leaching residue at 120~140 DEG C.Flyash acid leaching residue Middle composition and content are shown in Table 1;
Embodiment 1
It is that 1:2.5 is mixed according to solid-to-liquid ratio that a certain amount of acid leaching residue, which is weighed, with 10wt.% sodium hydroxide solution, at 80 DEG C Under the conditions of dissolve 1h, reaction terminates, and filters while hot, obtains soluble glass of high modulus.Silicon concentration in waterglass is adjusted to 40g/L, Its pH value is adjusted to 2.0 with 10wt.% sulfuric acid solution, and in normal-temperature reaction 30min;Mixed system is adjusted with 20wt.% ammonium hydroxide PH value be 7.0,0.15% calgon is added, the aging 2h at 40 DEG C;After reaction, to solidliquid mixture into It is capable to be separated by solid-liquid separation, isolated solid powder is dried into 1.5h, then roast 1.5h at 400 DEG C at 105 DEG C, obtained mesoporous Silica product.
Embodiment 2
It is that 1:3 is mixed according to solid-to-liquid ratio that a certain amount of acid leaching residue, which is weighed, with 15wt.% sodium hydroxide solution, in 90 DEG C of conditions Lower dissolution 0.5h, reaction terminate, filter while hot, obtain soluble glass of high modulus.Silicon concentration in waterglass is adjusted to 50g/L, is used 20wt.% sulfuric acid adjusts its pH value to 2.5, and in normal-temperature reaction 30min;The pH value of mixed system is adjusted with 15wt% ammonium hydroxide It is 8.0,0.10% calgon is added, the aging 2h at 50 DEG C;After reaction, solid-liquid point is carried out to solidliquid mixture From, by isolated solid powder at 105 DEG C dry 1h;3h is roasted at 350 DEG C again, obtains mesoporous oxidation after cooling Silicon.
Embodiment 3
It weighs a certain amount of acid leaching residue and is mixed with 10wt.% sodium hydroxide solution according to 1:4 solid-to-liquid ratio, under the conditions of 90 DEG C 1.5h is dissolved, reaction terminates, filters while hot, obtains soluble glass of high modulus.Silicon concentration in waterglass is adjusted to 60g/L, is used 30wt.% sulfuric acid adjusts its pH value to 3.0, and in normal-temperature reaction 30min;The pH value of mixed system is adjusted with 25wt.% ammonium hydroxide It is 9.0,0.05% calgon is added, the aging 2h at 60 DEG C;After reaction, solidliquid mixture is subjected to solid-liquid Isolated solid powder is dried at 100 DEG C 2h, then roasts 2h at 300 DEG C by separation, obtains mesoporous oxidation after cooling Silicon.
It is found that adsorption curve is IV type curve from the nitrogen adsorption curve graph of mesopore silicon oxide shown in Fig. 2, show oxygen SiClx has typical meso-hole structure, and the specific surface area of gained mesopore silicon oxide reaches 452m2/ g, average pore size 13.22nm.
Table 1
Composition and content table in flyash acid leaching residue
The above described specific embodiments of the present invention are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention..Any basis Any other various changes and modifications that technical concept of the invention is made should be included in the guarantor of the claims in the present invention It protects in range.

Claims (7)

1.一种利用粉煤灰酸浸渣制备介孔氧化硅的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:1. a method utilizing fly ash acid leaching slag to prepare mesoporous silica, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: 1)粉煤灰与硫酸或盐酸溶液在120~140℃下酸浸100~140min后,过滤分离,得到粉煤灰酸浸渣;1) After acid leaching of fly ash and sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid solution at 120~140℃ for 100~140min, filter and separate to obtain fly ash acid leaching slag; 2)将步骤1)中得到的粉煤灰酸浸渣与氢氧化钠溶液按照固液比1:2~1:4混合,在60~90℃下溶解反应0.5~2h,反应结束,趁热过滤,得到高模数水玻璃;2) Mix the fly ash acid leaching residue obtained in step 1) with the sodium hydroxide solution according to the solid-liquid ratio of 1:2 to 1:4, dissolve and react at 60 to 90° C. for 0.5 to 2 hours, and after the reaction is completed, keep it hot. Filtration to obtain high modulus water glass; 3)调整水玻璃中硅的浓度为20~60g/L,用硫酸调节高模数硅酸钠溶液的pH值为4~5,进行溶胶-凝胶反应5~10min,得到溶胶;3) adjusting the concentration of silicon in the water glass to be 20-60 g/L, adjusting the pH value of the high-modulus sodium silicate solution with sulfuric acid to be 4-5, and performing a sol-gel reaction for 5-10 min to obtain a sol; 4)用氨水调节溶胶的pH值为7~9,再加入六偏磷酸钠,在30~60℃下老化0.5~2h,其中六偏磷酸钠与水玻璃的质量比为0.05~0.2%;4) Adjust the pH of the sol with ammonia water to 7-9, then add sodium hexametaphosphate, and age at 30-60°C for 0.5-2 hours, wherein the mass ratio of sodium hexametaphosphate to water glass is 0.05-0.2%; 5)将步骤4)老化后的固液混合物进行固液分离,通过过滤、水洗至pH值接近于中性,得到滤饼;5) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the aged solid-liquid mixture in step 4), by filtering and washing with water until the pH value is close to neutral, to obtain a filter cake; 6)将步骤5)中得到的滤饼在100~110℃下干燥1~2h,再在300~400℃下焙烧1.5~3h,冷却后得到介孔氧化硅。6) The filter cake obtained in step 5) is dried at 100-110° C. for 1-2 hours, then calcined at 300-400° C. for 1.5-3 hours, and cooled to obtain mesoporous silica. 2.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用粉煤灰酸浸渣制备介孔氧化硅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1)中盐酸溶液的浓度为20~37%,硫酸溶液的浓度为20~40%。2. a kind of method utilizing fly ash acid leaching slag to prepare mesoporous silica according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution in described step 1) is 20~37%, the concentration of sulfuric acid solution 20 to 40%. 3.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用粉煤灰酸浸渣制备介孔氧化硅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤2)中氢氧化钠溶液的浓度为5~15%,氢氧化钠溶液与酸浸渣的液固比为1:3。3. a kind of method utilizing fly ash acid leaching slag to prepare mesoporous silica according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 2), the concentration of sodium hydroxide solution is 5~15%, and hydroxide The liquid-solid ratio of sodium solution to acid leaching residue is 1:3. 4.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用粉煤灰酸浸渣制备介孔氧化硅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3)中调整水玻璃中硅的浓度为40~60g/L,所述硫酸的浓度为5~20%。4. a method for preparing mesoporous silica by utilizing fly ash acid leaching slag according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in described step 3), adjust the concentration of silicon in water glass to be 40~60g/L, The concentration of the sulfuric acid is 5-20%. 5.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用粉煤灰酸浸渣制备介孔氧化硅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤4)中氨水的浓度为5~25%,老化温度为40~50℃,老化时间为1~2h;所述六偏磷酸钠与水玻璃的质量比为0.05~0.15%。5. A method for preparing mesoporous silica by utilizing fly ash acid leaching slag according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of ammonia water in the step 4) is 5~25%, and the aging temperature is 40~25%. 50° C., the aging time is 1-2 hours; the mass ratio of the sodium hexametaphosphate to water glass is 0.05-0.15%. 6.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用粉煤灰酸浸渣制备介孔氧化硅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤5)中干燥温度为105℃,所述焙烧温度为350℃。6 . The method for preparing mesoporous silica by using fly ash acid leaching slag according to claim 1 , wherein the drying temperature in the step 5) is 105° C., and the roasting temperature is 350° C. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的一种利用粉煤灰酸浸渣制备介孔氧化硅的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤6)中得到的介孔氧化硅比表面积达452m2/g,平均孔径为13.22nm。7. a kind of method utilizing fly ash acid leaching slag to prepare mesoporous silica according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the mesoporous silica specific surface area obtained in described step 6) reaches 452m 2 /g, The average pore size is 13.22 nm.
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