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CN109652671A - A kind of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy - Google Patents

A kind of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109652671A
CN109652671A CN201710948774.0A CN201710948774A CN109652671A CN 109652671 A CN109652671 A CN 109652671A CN 201710948774 A CN201710948774 A CN 201710948774A CN 109652671 A CN109652671 A CN 109652671A
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hard alloy
graphene
carbon source
alloy
hard
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CN201710948774.0A
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刘启乐
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/05Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder
    • C22C1/058Mixtures of metal powder with non-metallic powder by reaction sintering (i.e. gasless reaction starting from a mixture of solid metal compounds)
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/14Treatment of metallic powder
    • B22F1/145Chemical treatment, e.g. passivation or decarburisation
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C29/00Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides
    • C22C29/02Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides
    • C22C29/06Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds
    • C22C29/08Alloys based on carbides, oxides, nitrides, borides, or silicides, e.g. cermets, or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides based on carbides or carbonitrides based on carbides, but not containing other metal compounds based on tungsten carbide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/105Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B22F2003/1051Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2998/00Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
    • B22F2998/10Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Abstract

In order to improve hardness, the wearability of WC-Co hard alloy, it is prepared for a kind of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy.Using ten layers of graphene, WO2.9And Co3O4For raw material, graphene can successfully improve the mechanical property of hard alloy as carbon source.Its mechanism of action is that graphene is film-form substance, and alloy grain during sintering can preferably be inhibited to grow up, and so that hard alloy obtained is had the crystallite dimension and internal structure more evenly more refined, to obtain the higher hard alloy of densification degree.Obtained graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy, hardness, densification degree, fracture toughness are all increased dramatically.The present invention can provide a kind of new production technology to prepare high performance WC-Co hard alloy.

Description

A kind of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cemented carbide material more particularly to a kind of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloys.
Background technique
Hard alloy is by one or more high rigidity, the interstitial compound of high-modulus and magnesium-yttrium-transition metal or its alloy group At composite material.Since it has the characteristics that high rigidity, wearability, red hardness and obdurability, it is widely used in various cuttings Tool, mining tool and wear-and corrosion-resistant components.Hard alloy belongs to fragile material, hardness and strength, that is, wearability and toughness it Between contradiction be always perplex its development principal element.
Graphene (Graphene) is a kind of honeycomb flat film formed by carbon atom with sp2 hybrid form, is one The quasi- two-dimensional material of only one atomic layer level thickness of kind, does monoatomic layer graphite so being called.Univ Manchester UK's physics Scholar An Deliegaimu and Constantine's Nuo Woxiao love isolate graphite with micromechanics stripping method success from graphite Alkene, therefore Nobel Prize in physics in 2010 is obtained jointly.The method of the common power production of graphene is mechanical stripping method, oxygen Change reduction method, SiC epitaxial growth method, film production method is chemical vapour deposition technique (CVD).Since it is very good strong Degree, flexible, conductive, thermally conductive, optical characteristics, all in fields such as physics, materialogy, electronic information, computer, aerospaces Significant progress is arrived.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the invention is to improve the hardness of WC-Co hard alloy, wearability, a kind of graphene carbon source is devised WC-Co hard alloy.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
The raw material for preparing of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy includes: that diameter is 5 ~ 10 μm and is dispersed in organic solvent N- methyl Ten layers of graphene in pyrrolidones, the blue tungsten (WO that purity 99.5%, average grain diameter are 50 μm2.9) and purity be 98.5%, Average grain diameter is 35 μm of cobalt oxide (Co3O4).
The preparation step of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy are as follows: by experimental design weigh graphene, blue tungsten and Cobalt oxide carries out ingredient, then adds to and carries out ball milling in hard alloy ball grinder, ball-milling medium is ethyl alcohol, and rotational speed of ball-mill is 180r/min, Ball-milling Time are respectively 30,40,50h.Then powder is dried in vacuo, and 850 DEG C at a temperature of carry out Reduction and carbonization reaction, reaction time 1h.A certain amount of grain growth inhibitor VC is added in the good powder of reduction and carbonization simultaneously Continue ball milling, Ball-milling Time 10h.Then discharge plasma sintering densification, sintering temperature 1130 are carried out to composite powder DEG C, keep the temperature 5min, sintering pressure 60MPa.
The detecting step of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy are as follows: material phase analysis uses D/max-3 type X-ray diffractometer, Fracture toughness uses indentation method, and microstructure uses NovaNanoSEM type field emission scanning electron microscope and Flied emission high score Resolution transmission electron microscope.
The graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy, graphene can successfully improve the power of hard alloy as carbon source Learn performance.Its mechanism of action is that graphene is film-form substance, and alloy grain during sintering can preferably be inhibited to grow up, Make hard alloy obtained that there is the crystallite dimension and internal structure more evenly more refined, to obtain densification degree more High hard alloy.
The graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy, graphene can be such that hard alloy obtained has as carbon source Object phase composition more evenly, compatible degree is preferable between each object phase.Prepared Nanograin Cemented Carbide, object is mutually pure, crystal grain Fine microstructures, microstructure are evenly distributed.
The graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy, because graphene can refine crystal grain, promotion hard conjunction as carbon source Golden consistency so can make reaction that can carry out at lower temperatures, and improves the efficiency of reaction.Prepared is hard Matter alloy has good hardness and fracture toughness, Vickers hardness 29.76GPa, fracture toughness 15.37MPam1/2。 Its mechanical property promotes about 20% or more compared with hard alloy prepared by common process.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
Using ten layers of graphene, WO2.9And Co3O4For raw material, by ingredient, ball milling, drying, granulation, discharge plasma sintering Technique is successfully prepared the graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy with excellent mechanical performance.Wherein, using graphene as carbon Source can successfully prepare nanocrystalline WC-Co hard alloy under lower reaction temperature.Obtained graphene carbon source WC-Co Hard alloy, hardness, densification degree, fracture toughness are all increased dramatically.The present invention can be to prepare high performance WC- Co hard alloy provides a kind of new production technology.
Specific embodiment
Case study on implementation 1:
The raw material for preparing of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy includes: that diameter is 5 ~ 10 μm and is dispersed in organic solvent N- methyl Ten layers of graphene in pyrrolidones, the blue tungsten (WO that purity 99.5%, average grain diameter are 50 μm2.9) and purity be 98.5%, Average grain diameter is 35 μm of cobalt oxide (Co3O4).The preparation step of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy are as follows: press experimental design It weighs graphene, blue tungsten and cobalt oxide and carries out ingredient, then add to and carry out ball milling in hard alloy ball grinder, ball-milling medium is Ethyl alcohol, rotational speed of ball-mill 180r/min, Ball-milling Time are respectively 30,40,50h.Then powder is dried in vacuo, and Reduction and carbonization reaction, reaction time 1h are carried out at a temperature of 850 DEG C.A certain amount of crystalline substance is added in the good powder of reduction and carbonization The big inhibitor VC of grain length simultaneously continues ball milling, Ball-milling Time 10h.Then it is fine and close discharge plasma sintering to be carried out to composite powder Change, sintering temperature is 1130 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5min, sintering pressure 60MPa.The detection of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy walks Suddenly are as follows: material phase analysis uses D/max-3 type X-ray diffractometer, and fracture toughness uses indentation method, and microstructure uses NovaNanoSEM type field emission scanning electron microscope and Flied emission high resolution TEM.
Case study on implementation 2:
Using WC as main phase, cobalt oxide and tungsten oxide are reduced completely and are carbonized as WC and scarce carbon phase composite powder.Lack carbon phase And the presence of free graphene can be such that reaction temperature reduces, and effectively inhibit the size of WC grain during the reaction because anti- It answers temperature high and grows up.It is further reacted in subsequent sintering process, scarce carbon phase and free graphite alkene can be eliminated.It is lower anti- The crystal grain for answering temperature not only to inhibit WC in composite powder is grown up, and energy consumption is effectively reduced, and shortens the system of powder and hard alloy In the standby period, improve production efficiency.
Case study on implementation 3:
In ball milling 42h, there is part graphene film not to be crushed well, maintains original laminar structured.Due to During reaction, the tungsten-cobalt oxide around graphene film can not completely be consumed this graphene film, there is the stone of part Black alkene lamella residual.When increasing Ball-milling Time and arriving 60h, the graphene presence of sheet substantially in composite powder.When ball milling Between when increasing to 90h, it is already possible to obtain the composite powder of particle fine uniform.With further increasing for Ball-milling Time, Grain refinement is unobvious.The average particle size particle size of composite powder particle when reacting more abundant is about 173nm, particle diameter distribution Very narrow, particle size distribution is uniform in powder.
Case study on implementation 4:
Sintered block only has WC, Co two-phase, and object is mutually pure.The a small amount of graphene occurred and scarce carbon phase are during sintering Secondary complete reduction and carbonization reaction has been carried out, free graphite alkene and scarce carbon phase had not only been eliminated under the pressure of 110MPa, but also very Growing up for crystallite dimension is controlled well, and available object is mutually pure, the tiny WC-12Co hard alloy block of crystal grain.Sintering Block compactness is preferable, and grain size distribution is uniform, and crystal grain is tiny, and do not note abnormalities long big crystal grain.WC average crystal grain ruler Very little about 218nm, particle diameter distribution is relatively narrow, and crystallite dimension is mainly distributed on 260nm hereinafter, it is with good hardness, toughness group It closes.
Case study on implementation 5:
For material during stress deformation, good interface orientation relationship can effectively hinder dislocation motion, have and common crystal boundary Similar invigoration effect can be effectively reduced intercrystalline interface energy, enhance to the maximum extent hard in WC-Co hard alloy Bond strength between matter phase and Binder Phase makes the framework of entire material have optimal mechanical property.
Case study on implementation 6:
Complete coherent grain boundary orientation is presented between WC grain, crystal boundary has the characteristics that minimum energy, existence are most stable of, The fracture that just deforms after outside energy can be absorbed when by stress to the maximum extent, the crystal boundary of such bonding state also has Preferable mechanical property can increase the hardness, toughness and intensity of material.
Case study on implementation 7:
The graphene contacted with WC grain have extraordinary flexibility, in interface the distortion of atom form in WC grain The higher matching of atom, WC grain atom does not strain substantially, and atomic arrangement is significantly bent in graphene And deformation, but still maintain the ordered arrangement of atom.It can be seen that graphene can play the role of absorbing stress in alloy.Graphene By self-deformation and not broken, extraneous work done can be offset, the extension of dislocation crack can also be prevented well, protected The integrality of WC grain, collaboration Binder Phase jointly improve the intensity of alloy.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy, preparing raw material includes: that diameter is 5 ~ 10 μm and is dispersed in organic solvent N- Ten layers of graphene in methyl pyrrolidone, the blue tungsten (WO that purity 99.5%, average grain diameter are 50 μm2.9) and purity be 98.5%, average grain diameter is 35 μm of cobalt oxide (Co3O4).
2. graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that graphene carbon source WC-Co hard The preparation step of alloy are as follows: weigh graphene, blue tungsten and cobalt oxide by experimental design and carry out ingredient, then add to hard Carry out ball milling in alloy ball grinder, ball-milling medium is ethyl alcohol, rotational speed of ball-mill 180r/min, Ball-milling Time is respectively 30,40, Then powder is dried in vacuo by 50h, and 850 DEG C at a temperature of carry out reduction and carbonization reaction, reaction time 1h, A certain amount of grain growth inhibitor VC is added in the good powder of reduction and carbonization and continues ball milling, Ball-milling Time 10h is then right Composite powder carries out discharge plasma sintering densification, and sintering temperature is 1130 DEG C, keeps the temperature 5min, sintering pressure 60Mpa.
3. graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that graphene carbon source WC-Co hard The detecting step of alloy are as follows: material phase analysis uses D/max-3 type X-ray diffractometer, and fracture toughness uses indentation method, microstructure Using NovaNanoSEM type field emission scanning electron microscope and Flied emission high resolution TEM.
4. graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the graphene carbon source WC- Co hard alloy, graphene can successfully improve the mechanical property of hard alloy as carbon source, and the mechanism of action is that graphene is Film-form substance can preferably inhibit alloy grain during sintering to grow up, and have hard alloy obtained more thin The crystallite dimension of change and internal structure more evenly, to obtain the higher hard alloy of densification degree, the graphene Carbon source WC-Co hard alloy, graphene can make hard alloy obtained with object phase composition more evenly, each object as carbon source Compatible degree is preferable between phase, and prepared Nanograin Cemented Carbide, object is mutually pure, and grain structure is tiny, microstructure distribution Uniformly, the graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy, because graphene can refine crystal grain, promotion hard alloy as carbon source Consistency so can make reaction that can carry out at lower temperatures, and improves the efficiency of reaction, prepared hard Alloy has good hardness and fracture toughness, Vickers hardness 29.76GPa, fracture toughness 15.37MPam1/2, Mechanical property promotes about 20% or more compared with hard alloy prepared by common process.
CN201710948774.0A 2017-10-12 2017-10-12 A kind of graphene carbon source WC-Co hard alloy Pending CN109652671A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110453107A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-11-15 天津大学 Preparation method of graphene-tungsten carbide synergistically reinforced copper matrix composites
CN110527891A (en) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-03 东华大学 Hard alloy in low cobalt surface diamond coating and preparation method thereof
CN114277298A (en) * 2020-09-27 2022-04-05 四川大学 A kind of WC-Co cemented carbide added with graphene/nano Al2O3 particles and preparation method thereof

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110453107A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-11-15 天津大学 Preparation method of graphene-tungsten carbide synergistically reinforced copper matrix composites
CN110453107B (en) * 2019-08-01 2021-01-05 天津大学 Preparation method of graphene-tungsten carbide synergistically reinforced copper matrix composites
CN110527891A (en) * 2019-09-16 2019-12-03 东华大学 Hard alloy in low cobalt surface diamond coating and preparation method thereof
CN110527891B (en) * 2019-09-16 2021-11-02 东华大学 Diamond coating on the surface of low cobalt cemented carbide and preparation method thereof
CN114277298A (en) * 2020-09-27 2022-04-05 四川大学 A kind of WC-Co cemented carbide added with graphene/nano Al2O3 particles and preparation method thereof

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Application publication date: 20190419