CN109622888A - A kind of cast shaping process of the multi-joint guide vane casting of complexity high temperature alloy - Google Patents
A kind of cast shaping process of the multi-joint guide vane casting of complexity high temperature alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109622888A CN109622888A CN201811562817.2A CN201811562817A CN109622888A CN 109622888 A CN109622888 A CN 109622888A CN 201811562817 A CN201811562817 A CN 201811562817A CN 109622888 A CN109622888 A CN 109622888A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/082—Sprues, pouring cups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/08—Features with respect to supply of molten metal, e.g. ingates, circular gates, skim gates
- B22C9/088—Feeder heads
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/22—Moulds for peculiarly-shaped castings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/04—Influencing the temperature of the metal, e.g. by heating or cooling the mould
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cast shaping process of the multi-joint guide vane casting of complicated high temperature alloy, belong to precision casting technology field.The technique is to prepare casting ontology wax-pattern, it is welded into mould group with pouring and riser systems group；Successively being coated with for fireproof coating is carried out to mould group, dewaxing kettle is sent into and dewaxes, be sent into roaster and carry out high temperature preroast；It is wrapped up by the way of stepped outside shell and tightens fire resistant heat preserving cotton；Refusion and smelting is carried out to high temperature alloy bar and obtains high temperature alloy molten metal；Before casting, shell is sent into roaster again, is sent into vacuum induction pouring furnace later, by high temperature alloy pouring metal melt into shell；It is kept the temperature after casting complete, carries out clear shell, cutting, sandblasting and polishing after coming out of the stove.The present invention effectively reduces or eliminates the casting flaws such as the loose and crackle that thermal center blade and small listrium link position are easy to generate, and yield rate is promoted to 75%-80%, which is suitable for the casting of the multi-joint guide vane of complicated high temperature alloy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cast shaping process of the multi-joint guide vane casting of complicated high temperature alloy, belong to hot investment casting
Technical field.
Background technique
High temperature alloy is also known as heat-resisting alloy, superalloy, refers under 600 DEG C or more and stress, has for a long time
Creep resisting ability, high intensity, corrosion resistant metal material, the outstanding properties based on it under high-temperature work environment, high temperature alloy
It is widely used in the hot end of aero-engine and gas turbine --- power-turbine section.Guide vane (stator blade) is as warm
Typical casting is held, complex thin-wall multiple-blade conjuncted structure is mostly used, overall structure thickness change is larger, and long-term work is extreme high
In the environment of temperature, complex load, oxidizing atmosphere and corrosion combustion gas, no matter therefore in dimension precision requirement or cast-internal
High requirement is proposed in quality.Due to liquid metal filling turbulent flow during casting pouring, each blade shell to fill type complete
Different at the time, cooling heat energy-saving position heat dissipation is bad, and the state of cooling is complicated, causes yield rate lower than 30%.
Aero-engine and Gas Turbine Power turbine portion guide vane (stator blade) belong to the power whirlpool in engine
Take turns part.Guide vane is mainly made of big listrium, blade and small listrium, and multi-joint guide vane has the following characteristics that 1, blade portion
Belong to no surplus hot investment casting, the blade profile accuracy of manufacture is high；More blade conjuncted structures (common duplex, three, tetrads, 5-linked
Structure etc.) lead to casting hindered contraction, each position solidification shrinkage is different, brings extreme difficulty to size Control；Casting is whole
Overall size is larger, and blade, size listrium difference in thickness are very big, thickness 26mm, and thinnest part only 0.9mm completely fills type difficulty
It is larger, and casting thermal center is more, can generate the casting flaw of the cast-internals such as loose, shrinkage cavity or surface therefore how control technique
Reducing casting defect and improving yield rate is problem urgently to be resolved.
Summary of the invention
For the cast-internal of the cast shaping process casting of the existing multi-joint guide vane of solution or surface, there are many castings
Defect and the problem for causing yield rate lower, the present invention provides a kind of castings of the multi-joint guide vane casting of complicated high temperature alloy
Moulding process, the technical solution adopted is as follows:
It is described more the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of cast shaping process of the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy
Joining guide vane includes big listrium, small listrium and blade, which includes the following steps:
Step 1: injecting wax material into metal die with wax injector, is prepared into multi-joint guide vane casting ontology wax-pattern, will
Casting ontology wax-pattern is welded together with pouring and riser systems group, obtains mould group；
Step 2: being successively coated with for fireproof coating is carried out to mould group in thermostatic constant wet chamber, prepares forming shell；
Step 3: shell feeding dewaxing kettle is dewaxed；
Step 4: by after dewaxing shell be sent into roaster carry out high temperature preroast, high temperature pre-calcination temperature be 1050 ±
20℃；
Step 5: outside by step 4 high temperature preroast treated shell using step type by the way of wrap up and tie up
Tight fire resistant heat preserving cotton；The mode of the step type is to wrap up and tighten two layers of fire resistant heat preserving cotton in riser and running channel position, is being cast
The big listrium of part wraps up to casting middle position and tightens one layer of fire resistant heat preserving cotton, and fire resistant heat preserving is not wrapped up in casting lower half portion
Cotton；The thickness in monolayer of the fire resistant heat preserving cotton is 3mm-10mm；
Step 6: refusion and smelting is carried out to high temperature alloy bar using vacuum induction melting furnace, obtains high temperature alloy molten metal；
Step 7: before casting, it will be sent into roaster by step 5 treated shell again, and will carry out 1050 ± 20 DEG C
High temperature roast eventually, be sent into vacuum induction pouring furnace later, by high temperature alloy pouring metal melt made from step 6 into shell
In, 1500 ± 10 DEG C of pouring temperature；
Step 8: after casting complete, 5min-10min is kept the temperature under vacuum conditions, is then come out and cooled down；
Step 9: the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy is obtained by clear shell, cutting, sandblasting and polishing.
Preferably, pouring and riser systems described in step 1 use profile-followed dead head.
It is highly preferred that each blade with multi-joint guide vane casting is arranged in the gate portion of the profile-followed dead head
On the corresponding big listrium in position.
Preferably, described in step 3 dewaxing be in the case where pressure is 0.4MPa~0.6MPa, temperature is 140 DEG C~160 DEG C into
Capable.
Preferably, shell is come out of the stove from roaster up to the casting complete used time was no more than 8 minutes in step 7.
Preferably, refusion and smelting described in step 6 is little in vacuum degree of becoming civilized, smelting vacuum degree and casting vacuum degree
In 0.665Pa, tapping temperature is 1560 ± 20 DEG C, and pouring temperature carries out under conditions of being 1500 ± 10 DEG C.
Preferably, welding resistance has two lacing wires between the big listrium and small listrium of casting ontology wax-pattern in step 1；It is described
Two lacing wire welding resistances are in the thick big air intake duct side of blade profile.
Preferably, being successively coated with for progress fireproof coating described in step 2 carries out according to following condition:
First layer is coated with for the silica solution of 35S-45S and the mixture of cobalt aluminate as coating using viscosity, then again
One layer of 100-120 mesh white fused alumina is spread, at least 17h is spontaneously dried；
The second layer is coated with for the silica solution and white fused alumina mixture of 8S-13S as coating using viscosity, then spreads one again
Layer -120 mesh white fused alumina of 100 mesh, spontaneously dries at least 17h；
Third layer is coated with for the silica solution and bauxite mixture of 8S-13S as coating using viscosity, then spreads one again
Layer -60 mesh bauxite of 30 mesh air-dries 2h-3h after spontaneously drying 0.5h-1h；
4th layer is coated with for the silica solution and bauxite mixture of 8S-13S as coating using viscosity, then spreads one again
Layer -30 mesh bauxite of 16 mesh, air-dries 2.5h-3h；
Layer 5 is identical as the 4th layer of processing to eleventh floor；
Floor 12 is coated with for the silica solution and bauxite mixture of 8S-13S as coating using viscosity, not stucco,
Air-dry at least 12h；
First layer and the second layer temperature of control thermostatic constant wet chamber during being coated with are 18 DEG C -22 DEG C, humidity 60%-
80%, remaining each layer temperature of control thermostatic constant wet chamber during being coated with is 20 DEG C -25 DEG C, humidity 40%-60%.
The cast shaping process of the multi-joint guide vane of complicated high temperature alloy of the invention is that one kind can the conjunction of sequential control high temperature
The method of golden directional solidification is utilized: 1, being heated shell using roaster, to improve shell temperature, Lai Gaishan molten metal is poured into
Molten metal fills type characteristic after shell.2, using it is stepped (wrap up and tighten two layers of fire resistant heat preserving cotton in riser and running channel position,
One layer of fire resistant heat preserving cotton is wrapped up and tightened to casting middle position in the big listrium of casting, and casting lower half portion does not wrap up fire resisting guarantor
Warm cotton) mode of thermal insulation fire-resistant cotton is wrapped up outside shell to control the sequence of metal freezing, make casting consecutive solidification, to eliminate or
Reduce the generation of casting flaw；3, using reasonable smelting temperature, pouring temperature and vacuum stove evacuation index come utmostly
The complicated multi-joint guide vane of high temperature alloy of guarantee casting and forming；
The invention has the advantages that:
1. pouring and riser systems use profile-followed dead head, profile-followed dead head is set according to the architectural characteristic of guide vane
Meter, targetedly reinforces each blade profile the feeding and mold-filling capacity of high temperature alloy, and it is cooling to reduce big listrium position casting
The possibility for generating the casting flaws such as shrinkage cavity and porosity is reduced or avoided in suffered stress afterwards.
2. wrapping up heat-preservation cotton outside shell using step type, i.e., wraps up in riser and running channel position and tighten two layers of fire resisting and protect
Wen Mian is wrapped up to casting middle position in the big listrium of casting and is tightened one layer of fire resistant heat preserving cotton, and casting lower half portion is not wrapped up
Fire resistant heat preserving cotton can be such that casting lower end cools down at first in this way, and casting middle section is secondly cooling, and riser finally cools down, consecutive solidification,
Reinforce feeding effect, reduces casting flaw.
3. prior art pouring temperature is usually set to 1460 ± 10 DEG C, now optimizing pouring temperature is 1500 ± 10 DEG C, is matched
1050 ± 20 DEG C of end maturing temperature of mould assembly shell, it can effectively reinforce the molding and feeding effect at casting slender lobule type and thin-walled.
4. effectively reducing casting stress deformation in the thick big side (air inlet avris) of casting blade profile plus lacing wire.
5. the present invention efficiently solves the moulding by casting of the high-temperature alloy casting of multi-joint labyrinth, heat is reduce or eliminated
The casting flaws such as the loose and crackle that section blade and small listrium link position are easy to generate, are promoted to 75-by 30% for yield rate
80%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is using the stepped photo for wrapping up fire resistant heat preserving cotton outside shell.
Fig. 2 is the photo of coming out of the stove after shell roasts eventually.
Fig. 3 is come out of the stove photo of the shell in vacuum drying oven after casting complete.
Fig. 4 is the casting and running gate system schematic diagram of the multi-joint guide vane casting of complicated high temperature alloy of the invention.
Fig. 5 is X-ray check piece of the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy prepared by embodiment 1.
Fig. 6 is X-ray check piece of the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy prepared by control group.
Fig. 7 is office at the X-ray check piece casting flaw of the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy prepared by control group
Portion's enlarged drawing.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further described combined with specific embodiments below, but the present invention should not be limited by the examples.
Embodiment 1
Present embodiments provide a kind of cast shaping process of the multi-joint guide vane of complicated high temperature alloy, the multi-joint directing vane
Piece includes big listrium, small listrium and blade, which includes the following steps:
Step 1: injecting wax material into metal die with wax injector, is prepared into casting ontology wax-pattern, by casting ontology wax-pattern
It is welded together with pouring and riser systems group, obtains mould group；
Step 2: being successively coated with for fireproof coating is carried out to mould group in thermostatic constant wet chamber, prepares forming shell；Specific requirement is such as
Shown in table 1；
Step 3: by shell be sent into dewaxing kettle in the case where pressure is 0.4MPa~0.6MPa, temperature is 140 DEG C~160 DEG C into
Row dewaxing；
Step 4: by after dewaxing shell be sent into roaster carry out high temperature preroast, high temperature pre-calcination temperature be 1050 ±
20℃；
Step 5: outside by step 4 high temperature preroast treated shell using step type by the way of wrap up and tie up
Tight fire resistant heat preserving cotton；The mode of the step type is to wrap up and tighten two layers of fire resistant heat preserving cotton in riser and running channel position, is being cast
The big listrium of part wraps up to casting middle position and tightens one layer of fire resistant heat preserving cotton, and fire resistant heat preserving is not wrapped up in casting lower half portion
Cotton, the thickness in monolayer of fire resistant heat preserving cotton are 5mm；The photo for wrapping up fire resistant heat preserving cotton outside shell using step type is as shown in Figure 1；
Step 6: using vacuum induction melting furnace to high temperature alloy bar in vacuum degree of becoming civilized, smelting vacuum degree and casting
Vacuum degree is 0.665Pa, and tapping temperature is 1560 ± 20 DEG C, and pouring temperature carries out remelting smelting under conditions of being 1500 ± 10 DEG C
Refining, obtains high temperature alloy molten metal；
Step 7: before casting, it will be sent into roaster by step 5 treated shell again, and will carry out 1050 ± 20 DEG C
High temperature eventually roast, shell eventually roasting after come out of the stove photo as shown in Fig. 2, later be sent into vacuum induction pouring furnace in, by step
High temperature alloy pouring metal melt made from six is into shell, and 1500 ± 10 DEG C of pouring temperature；Shell is come out of the stove from roaster up to pouring
Note completed the used time no more than 8 minutes；Come out of the stove photo of the shell in vacuum drying oven after casting complete is as shown in Figure 3；
Step 8: after casting complete, 5min-10min is kept the temperature under vacuum conditions, is then come out and cooled down；
Step 9: the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy is obtained by clear shell, cutting, sandblasting and polishing.
Refractory material is coated with condition and dry room temperature humidity requirement in 1 shell preparation process of table
First layer and the second layer temperature of control thermostatic constant wet chamber during being coated with are 18 DEG C -22 DEG C, humidity 60%-
80%, remaining each layer temperature of control thermostatic constant wet chamber during being coated with is 20 DEG C -25 DEG C, humidity 40%-60%.It was coated with
Every layer is all first to apply a coating to spread one layer of sand again in journey.
As a kind of preferred embodiment of the present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, in step 1 in the big listrium of casting ontology wax-pattern and
Welding resistance has two lacing wires between small listrium；Two lacing wire welding resistances are in the thick big air intake duct side of blade profile.By thick in casting blade profile
Big side (air inlet avris) plus lacing wire can effectively reduce casting stress deformation.
The multi-joint guide vane casting of the high temperature alloy that the present embodiment prepares is everywhere without obvious shrinkage cavity, loose and crackle etc.
Casting flaw, total quality is preferable, and up to 80%, the processing technology for overcoming multi-joint guide vane is difficult to control, goes out high yield rate
The problem that existing more casting flaw causes yield rate low.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: step 5: the thickness in monolayer of fire resistant heat preserving cotton be 3mm.
The multi-joint guide vane casting of the high temperature alloy that the present embodiment prepares is everywhere without obvious shrinkage cavity, loose and crackle etc.
Casting flaw, total quality is preferable, and up to 78%, the processing technology for overcoming multi-joint guide vane is difficult to control, goes out high yield rate
The problem that existing more casting flaw causes yield rate low.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: step 5: the thickness in monolayer of fire resistant heat preserving cotton be 10mm.
The multi-joint guide vane casting of the high temperature alloy that the present embodiment prepares is everywhere without obvious shrinkage cavity, loose and crackle etc.
Casting flaw, total quality is preferable, and up to 75%, the processing technology for overcoming multi-joint guide vane is difficult to control, goes out high yield rate
The problem that existing more casting flaw causes yield rate low.
Embodiment 4
The present embodiment the difference from embodiment 1 is that: pouring and riser systems use profile-followed dead head, the ingate of profile-followed dead head
Part is arranged on big listrium corresponding with each leaf position of multi-joint guide vane casting.Each blade profile can be made to reinforce
The feeding and mold-filling capacity of high temperature alloy, and suffered stress after the cooling of big listrium position casting is reduced, production is reduced or avoided
The possibility of the casting flaws such as raw shrinkage cavity and porosity.
The multi-joint guide vane casting of the high temperature alloy that the present embodiment prepares is everywhere without obvious shrinkage cavity, loose and crackle etc.
Casting flaw, total quality is preferable, and up to 80%, the processing technology for overcoming multi-joint guide vane is difficult to control, goes out high yield rate
The problem that existing more casting flaw causes yield rate low.
To illustrate effect that stepped package shell can obtain, the present invention also by no using step type in a manner of
Package heat-preservation cotton (without any heat-preservation cotton of package i.e. outside shell) and other steps skill same as Example 1 outside shell
Art scheme uses x-ray examination as a control group, by the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy prepared by embodiment 1 and control group
Internal Quality of Cast is detected, X-ray check piece of the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy prepared by embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 5；X-ray check piece of the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy prepared by control group is as shown in Figure 6.From Fig. 5
In be clear that casting without obvious casting flaw, quality is good.The medium and small listrium of x optical check piece of Fig. 6 is connect with blade
There is a wide range of shrinkage cavity in corner, casting flaw occurs, fault location partial enlarged view is as shown in Figure 7.It can thus be appreciated that: the present invention is logical
It crosses by the way of stepped and wraps up heat-preservation cotton outside shell and can reinforce feeding effect, reduce casting flaw, improve finished product
Rate.
Although the present invention has been disclosed in the preferred embodiment as above, it is not intended to limit the invention, any to be familiar with this
The people of technology can do various changes and modification, therefore protection of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention
Range should subject to the definition of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of cast shaping process of the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy, the multi-joint guide vane include big listrium,
Small listrium and blade, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: injecting wax material into metal die with wax injector, multi-joint guide vane casting ontology wax-pattern is prepared into, by casting
Ontology wax-pattern is welded together with pouring and riser systems group, obtains mould group；
Step 2: being successively coated with for fireproof coating is carried out to mould group in thermostatic constant wet chamber, prepares forming shell；
Step 3: shell feeding dewaxing kettle is dewaxed；
Step 4: the shell after dewaxing is sent into roaster and carries out high temperature preroast, high temperature pre-calcination temperature is 1050 ± 20 DEG C；
Step 5: outside by step 4 high temperature preroast treated shell using step type by the way of wrap up and tighten resistance to
Fiery heat-preservation cotton；The mode of the step type is to wrap up in riser and running channel position and tighten two layers of fire resistant heat preserving cotton, in casting
Big listrium wraps up to casting middle position and tightens one layer of fire resistant heat preserving cotton, and casting lower half portion does not wrap up fire resistant heat preserving cotton；Institute
The thickness in monolayer for stating fire resistant heat preserving cotton is 3mm-10mm；
Step 6: refusion and smelting is carried out to high temperature alloy bar using vacuum induction melting furnace, obtains high temperature alloy molten metal；
Step 7: before casting, it will be sent into roaster by step 5 treated shell again, and will carry out 1050 ± 20 DEG C of height
Warm roasting eventually, is sent into vacuum induction pouring furnace later, by high temperature alloy pouring metal melt made from step 6 into shell, pours
1500 ± 10 DEG C of temperature of note；
Step 8: after casting complete, 5min-10min is kept the temperature under vacuum conditions, is then come out and cooled down；
Step 9: the multi-joint guide vane casting of high temperature alloy is obtained by clear shell, cutting, sandblasting and polishing.
2. cast shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pouring and riser systems described in step 1 are using profile-followed
Dead head.
3. cast shaping process according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the gate portion of the profile-followed dead head is set
It sets on big listrium corresponding with each leaf position of multi-joint guide vane casting.
4. cast shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that dewaxing is to be in pressure described in step 3
0.4MPa~0.6MPa, temperature are to carry out at 140 DEG C~160 DEG C.
5. cast shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 7 shell from roaster come out of the stove up to
The casting complete used time is not more than 8 minutes.
6. cast shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that refusion and smelting described in step 6 is to become civilized very
Reciprocal of duty cycle smelts vacuum degree and casting vacuum degree no more than 0.665Pa, and tapping temperature is 1560 ± 20 DEG C, and pouring temperature is
It is carried out under conditions of 1500 ± 10 DEG C.
7. cast shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the big edge of casting ontology wax-pattern in step 1
Welding resistance has two lacing wires between plate and small listrium；Two lacing wire welding resistances are in the thick big air intake duct side of blade profile.
8. cast shaping process according to claim 1, which is characterized in that progress fireproof coating is layer-by-layer described in step 2
It is coated with and is carried out according to following condition:
First layer is coated with for the silica solution of 35S-45S and the mixture of cobalt aluminate as coating using viscosity, then spreads one again
Layer 100-120 mesh white fused alumina, spontaneously dries at least 17h；
The second layer is coated with for the silica solution and white fused alumina mixture of 8S-13S as coating using viscosity, then spreads one layer again
- 120 mesh white fused alumina of 100 mesh spontaneously dries at least 17h；
Third layer is coated with for the silica solution and bauxite mixture of 8S-13S as coating using viscosity, then spreads one layer 30 again
- 60 mesh bauxite of mesh air-dries 2h-3h after spontaneously drying 0.5h-1h；
4th layer is coated with for the silica solution and bauxite mixture of 8S-13S as coating using viscosity, then spreads one layer 16 again
- 30 mesh bauxite of mesh air-dries 2.5h-3h；
Layer 5 is identical as the 4th layer of processing to eleventh floor；
Floor 12 is coated with for the silica solution and bauxite mixture of 8S-13S as coating using viscosity, not stucco, is air-dried
At least 12h；
First layer and the second layer temperature of control thermostatic constant wet chamber during being coated with are 18 DEG C -22 DEG C, humidity 60%-80%,
Remaining each layer temperature of control thermostatic constant wet chamber during being coated with is 20 DEG C -25 DEG C, humidity 40%-60%.
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| CN116174649A (en) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-05-30 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | A kind of preparation method of air inlet edge precision casting for repairing superalloy guide vane |
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| CN116906126B (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-12-08 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Multi-body guide vane of ceramic matrix composite and single crystal superalloy and preparation method thereof |
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