CN109618588A - A kind of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure - Google Patents
A kind of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedures, belong to refuse dump repair process technical field.The rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure forms overburden layer, makes real overburden layer, then scatter seeds material in overburden layer the following steps are included: cover overburden soil in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope；The thickness of earth covering of overburden soil is 20-30cm.On the one hand the side slope earthing restorative procedure can effectively ensure that plant normal growth, promote northern areas seed fast germination growth, soil layer can on the other hand merged with rubble side slope boundary, stablize slope surface, and chance water is avoided to collapse.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to refuse dump repair process technical fields, and in particular to a kind of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing reparation
Method.
Background technique
Refuse dump is also known as waste-rock yard, refers to that mining dumps the place that object concentrates discharge.Refuse dump is a kind of huge people
The loose heap pad of work, there are serious safety problem, refuse dump unstability will lead to mine soil field disaster and Important Project accident, no
The normal production for only influencing mine, also will make mine suffer huge economic loss.
Currently, the earthing of refuse dump is relatively arbitrarily, some overburden soil stability is poor, is easy to wash away in runoff or rainwater effect
Under be flushed away, some is easy to appear erosion groove, is unfavorable for the growth of seed or vegetation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure, the side slope earthing restorative procedures
On the one hand it can effectively ensure that plant normal growth, promote northern areas seed fast germination growth, on the other hand can make soil
Layer is merged with rubble side slope boundary, stablizes slope surface, avoids meeting water collapsing.
The present invention solves its technical problem and adopts the following technical solutions to realize:
The present invention proposes a kind of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure, comprising the following steps: in rubble refuse dump side
The surface on slope covers overburden soil, forms overburden layer, makes real overburden layer, then scatters seeds material in overburden layer.Overburden soil covers
Soil thickness is 20-30cm.
It in some embodiments, include planting soil and decomposed manure in overburden soil.
In some embodiments, seed material includes grass-seed, planting soil, organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.
The beneficial effect of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure that present pre-ferred embodiments provide includes:
By the way that thickness of earth covering control within the scope of 20-30cm, makes real overburden layer and the material that scatters seeds, a side
Face can effectively ensure that plant normal growth, promote northern areas seed fast germination growth, on the other hand can make soil layer with
The fusion of rubble side slope boundary, stablizes slope surface, avoids meeting water collapsing.
Specific embodiment
It in order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical solution be clearly and completely described.The person that is not specified actual conditions in embodiment, according to normal conditions or manufacturer builds
The condition of view carries out.Reagents or instruments used without specified manufacturer is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure of the embodiment of the present invention is specifically described below.
Rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure in the application for example may comprise steps of: in rubble refuse dump
The surface of side slope covers overburden soil, forms overburden layer, makes real overburden layer, then scatters seeds material in overburden layer.
In this application, the thickness of earth covering of overburden soil be 20-30cm, such as can for 20cm, 22cm, 24cm, 26cm,
28cm or 30cm, or 21cm, 23cm, 25cm, 27cm or 29cm can also be other any within the scope of 20-30cm
Thickness value.
In some embodiments, the thickness of earth covering of overburden soil is 22-28cm, in other embodiments, overburden soil
Thickness of earth covering be 24-26cm.
By the way that thickness of earth covering control within the above range, on the one hand can be ensured plant normal growth, another aspect energy
It enough avoids meeting water collapsing.It is worth noting that, if thickness of earth covering is excessively thin, being easy to be washed away or even existed by runoff in northern area
It is usually washed away in watering proce；If thickness of earth covering is blocked up, it will appear the more loose feelings of soil layer in the side slope of rubble refuse dump
Condition, not only operation difficulty is big, but also stability is poor, is also easy to form erosion groove.
It include planting soil and decomposed manure in overburden soil in the application.Planting soil and decomposed manure can be from markets
Enough it can buy.
Wherein, planting soil refers to the defeated pine of good physical and chemical properties, structure, ventilation, and retain water and nutrients ability is strong, is suitable for ornamental plant
The soil of growth.
It in some embodiments, can the minerals containing 40-60vt% and 8-10vt% in above-mentioned planting soil
Organic matter.Wherein, the content of minerals can for 40vt%, 42vt%, 45vt%, 48vt%, 50vt%, 52vt%,
55vt%, 58vt% or 60vt% can also be other any content values within the scope of 40-60vt%.The content of organic matter can be with
For 8vt%, 8.5vt%, 9vt%, 9.5vt% or 10vt%, or other any content values within the scope of 8-10vt%.
In addition to this, it may also include a certain amount of moisture and a certain amount of air in planting soil.Minerals containing above-mentioned content and
The planting soil of organic matter may advantageously facilitate the growth of northern plant.
In some embodiments, the soil granular of planting soil can be 1-3mm, such as 1mm, 1.5mm, 2mm, 2.5mm or
3mm can also be other any particle size values within the scope of 1-3mm.Into one, the total porosity of soil granular is 58-60%, such as
58%, 58.5%, 59%, 59.5% or 60% etc., aeration porosity 18-20%, such as 18%, 18.5%, 19%, 19.5%
Or 20% etc..
Above-mentioned soil aggregate structure is that a kind of soil texture for being formed as aggregate is bonded together by several pedological units,
Fine pore is formed between its simple grain, forms macrovoid between aggregate, and fine pore is able to maintain moisture, and macrovoid is able to maintain ventilation.
Soil granular is controlled in 1-3mm, and by the control of the total porosity of soil granular in 58-60%, aeration porosity is controlled in 18-
20%, it can relatively be conducive to guarantee that northern plant has preferable upgrowth situation.
Decomposed manure be it is decomposed after organic fertilizer, plant and (or) animal are mainly derived from, through biological substance, animals and plants
Waste, plant residue processing.It is such as a variety of without poisonous and harmful substance but rich in a large amount of benefit materials in decomposed manure
Organic acid, peptides and the nutrient abundant including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium.Using decomposed manure as in overburden soil at
/ mono-, full nutrition can not only be provided for the grass-seed in seed material, and fertilizer efficiency is long, can increase and to update soil organic
Matter promotes microbial reproduction, improves the physicochemical property and bioactivity of soil.
In some embodiments, in overburden soil, the mass ratio of planting soil and decomposed manure can be 8-12:1, such as 8:
1,8.5:1,9:1,9.5:1,10:1,10.5:1,11:1,11.5:1 or 12:1.In a specific embodiment, overburden soil
In, the mass ratio of planting soil and decomposed manure is 10:1.
After the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope covers overburden soil, mechanically or manually overburden layer can be made real, to play
Stablize slope surface overburden layer, the effect for merging soil layer with rubble side slope boundary.
In the application, seed material includes grass-seed, planting soil, organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.Grass-seed, planting soil, organic fertilizer and
Water-retaining agent can enough can buy from market.Organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent are added in grass-seed, is conducive to stablize slope surface, and make northern area
Domain grass-seed fast germination growth, improves grass-seed germination percentage and survival rate.
Wherein, grass-seed refers to the seed of grass, and grass-seed involved in the application refers mainly to the kind for being suitable for the careless class of north growth
Son, such as clover, prairie milk vetch, lyme grass, shrub lespedeza, wheatgrass or sheep's hay etc., above-mentioned each grass-seed can be used alone, and can also mix makes
With.Planting soil and organic fertilizer in the seed material can be identical as planting soil contained in overburden soil and decomposed manure.
Water-retaining agent is super absorbent resin, nontoxic, can release water and water suction repeatedly.Optionally, water-retaining agent can
Think acrylamide and acrylic acid salt crosslinking copolymerization object (such as polyacrylamide, Sodium Polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid potassium or polyacrylic acid
Ammonium etc.), or starch grafted acrylate crosslinking copolymerization object (such as starch grafted acrylate).
By the way that water-retaining agent is added in seed material, can play the role of including below:
First, water conservation: water-retaining agent is not soluble in water, but can absorb suitable own wt into hundred times of water, and water-retaining agent can be effective
Moisture evaporation is inhibited largely moisture to be inhibited to evaporate after penetrating into water-retaining agent in soil, it is aqueous to improve soil saturation
Amount, reduces the saturated hydraulic conductivity of soil, to slow down the speed of soil release water, reduces infiltration and the stream of soil moisture
It loses, achievees the purpose that water conservation, crop root growth and development can also be stimulated, make that the length of root increases, item number increases.
Second, fertilizer conservation: water-retaining agent has the function of that absorbing and protect water storage divides, can be by crops such as organic fertilizers soluble in water
Nutriment required for growing is fixed wherein, reduces the leaching loss of soluble nutrient to a certain extent, reaches water-saving
Section fertilizer, improves the effect of water and fertilizer utilization rate.
Third, heat preservation: water-retaining agent has good thermal insulation property, after applying water-retaining agent, protects using the moisture of absorption
The Thermoregulation nocturnal temperature of part daylight generation is held, so that soil day and night temperature reduces.
4th, improve soil texture: during water-retaining agent is manured into soil, the regularity with water swelling and dehydration shrinkage becomes
Change, surrounding soil can be made to become loose from consolidation, hole increases, to improve the penetrating situation of soil to a certain extent.
In some embodiments, in seed material, grass-seed, planting soil, organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent mass ratio can be
(1:5:1:0.5)-(1.5:5:1:1), such as 1:5:1:0.5,1.2:5:1:0.5,1.5:5:1:0.5,1:5:1:0.5,1:5:1:
0.8 or 1:5:1:1 etc..In a specific embodiment, in seed material, grass-seed, planting soil, organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent matter
Amount is than being 1:5:1:1.
Feature and performance of the invention are described in further detail with reference to embodiments.
Embodiment 1
It is carried out the following processing using a certain rubble refuse dump in the north as pending area:
Planting soil and decomposed manure are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 8:1, overburden soil is formed.Wherein, planting soil contains
The soil granular of the minerals of 40vt% and the organic matter of 8vt%, planting soil is 1mm, and the total porosity of soil granular is
58%, aeration porosity 18%.
By above-mentioned overburden soil uniform fold in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope, the earthing that thickness of earth covering is 20cm is formed
Layer, then makes real overburden layer.
Clover, planting soil, organic fertilizer and polyacrylamide are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 1:5:1:0.5, then spread
It is sowed at overburden layer.
Embodiment 2
It is carried out the following processing using a certain rubble refuse dump in the north as pending area:
Planting soil and decomposed manure are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 10:1, overburden soil is formed.Wherein, planting soil contains
The soil granular of the minerals of 50vt% and the organic matter of 9vt%, planting soil is 2mm, and the total porosity of soil granular is
59%, aeration porosity 19%.
By above-mentioned overburden soil uniform fold in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope, the earthing that thickness of earth covering is 25cm is formed
Layer, then makes real overburden layer.
It is in mass ratio by grass-seed (clover and prairie milk vetch 1:1 are obtained by mixing), planting soil, organic fertilizer and polyacrylamide
1:5:1:1 is uniformly mixed, and is then broadcasted sowing in overburden layer.
Embodiment 3
It is carried out the following processing using a certain rubble refuse dump in the north as pending area:
Planting soil and decomposed manure are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 12:1, overburden soil is formed.Wherein, planting soil contains
The soil granular of the minerals of 60vt% and the organic matter of 10vt%, planting soil is 3mm, and the total porosity of soil granular is
60%, aeration porosity 20%.
By above-mentioned overburden soil uniform fold in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope, the earthing that thickness of earth covering is 30cm is formed
Layer, then makes real overburden layer.
In mass ratio by grass-seed (lyme grass and shrub lespedeza 1:1 are obtained by mixing), planting soil, organic fertilizer and polyacrylamide
It is uniformly mixed, is then broadcasted sowing in overburden layer for 1.5:5:1:0.5.
Embodiment 4
It is carried out the following processing using a certain rubble refuse dump in the north as pending area:
Planting soil and decomposed manure are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 9:1, overburden soil is formed.Wherein, planting soil contains
The minerals of 45vt% and the organic matter of 8.5vt%, the soil granular of planting soil are 1.5mm, the total porosity of soil granular
It is 58.5%, aeration porosity 19.5%.
By above-mentioned overburden soil uniform fold in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope, the earthing that thickness of earth covering is 22cm is formed
Layer, then makes real overburden layer.
Wheatgrass, planting soil, organic fertilizer and starch grafted acrylate are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 1:5:1:0.5,
Then broadcast sowing in overburden layer.
Embodiment 5
It is carried out the following processing using a certain rubble refuse dump in the north as pending area:
Planting soil and decomposed manure are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 11:1, overburden soil is formed.Wherein, planting soil contains
The minerals of 55vt% and the organic matter of 9.5vt%, the soil granular of planting soil are 2.5mm, the total porosity of soil granular
It is 59.5%, aeration porosity 18.5%.
By above-mentioned overburden soil uniform fold in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope, the earthing that thickness of earth covering is 28cm is formed
Layer, then makes real overburden layer.
Sheep's hay, planting soil, organic fertilizer and starch grafted acrylate are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 1:5:1:0.8,
Then broadcast sowing in overburden layer.
Embodiment 6
It is carried out the following processing using a certain rubble refuse dump in the north as pending area:
Planting soil and decomposed manure are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 8.5:1, overburden soil is formed.Wherein, planting soil contains
There are the minerals of 52vt% and the organic matter of 9.2vt%, the soil granular of planting soil is 2.2mm, the total pore space of soil granular
Degree is 58.5%, aeration porosity 18.5%.
By above-mentioned overburden soil uniform fold in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope, the earthing that thickness of earth covering is 24cm is formed
Layer, then makes real overburden layer.
By grass-seed (clover, lyme grass and shrub lespedeza 1:1:1 are obtained by mixing), planting soil, organic fertilizer and Sodium Polyacrylate
It is uniformly mixed, then broadcasts sowing in overburden layer for 1.2:5:1:0.5 in mass ratio.
Embodiment 7
It is carried out the following processing using a certain rubble refuse dump in the north as pending area:
Planting soil and decomposed manure are uniformly mixed in mass ratio for 11.5:1, overburden soil is formed.Wherein, planting soil contains
There are the minerals of 48vt% and the organic matter of 8.4vt%, the soil granular of planting soil is 1.6mm, the total pore space of soil granular
Degree is 59%, aeration porosity 20%.
By above-mentioned overburden soil uniform fold in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope, the earthing that thickness of earth covering is 26cm is formed
Layer, then makes real overburden layer.
Grass-seed (clover, lyme grass and sheep's hay 1:1:1 are obtained by mixing), planting soil, organic fertilizer and Sodium Polyacrylate are pressed
Mass ratio is uniformly mixed for 1:5:1:1, then broadcasts sowing in overburden layer.
Test example
By taking embodiment 2 as an example, control group 1-4 is set, four groups of control groups and the difference of embodiment 2 are only that: control group 1
Thickness of earth covering be 10cm, the thickness of earth covering of control group 2 is 50cm, and organic fertilizer, control are not contained in the seed material of control group 3
Water-retaining agent is not contained in the seed material of group 4, compare above-mentioned 4 groups of control groups and embodiment 2 to same rubble casting side slope into
The effect of row earthing reparation, the results are shown in Table 1.
1 result of table
Comparative example 2 and control group 1 and control group 2 as can be seen that by thickness of earth covering control 20-30cm can be lower
Keep overburden layer more stable in or higher than the thickness of earth covering.Comparative example 2 is with control group 3 and control group 4 as can be seen that planting
Organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent are added in sub- material, is conducive to the germination percentage and survival rate that improve grass-seed.
In conclusion on the one hand side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump provided by the present application can effectively ensure that plant
Normal growth promotes northern areas seed fast germination growth, soil layer can on the other hand merged with rubble side slope boundary, surely
Determine slope surface, avoids meeting water collapsing.
Embodiments described above is a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the range of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts
Every other embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure, which comprises the following steps:
Overburden soil is covered in the surface of rubble refuse dump side slope, overburden layer is formed, the overburden layer is made real, then in the earthing
Layer scatters seeds material；The thickness of earth covering of the overburden soil is 20-30cm.
2. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wrapped in the overburden soil
Include planting soil and decomposed manure.
3. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 2, which is characterized in that in the overburden soil,
The mass ratio of the planting soil and the decomposed manure is 8-12:1.
4. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 3, which is characterized in that in the overburden soil,
The mass ratio of the planting soil and the decomposed manure is 10:1.
5. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 2, which is characterized in that contain in the planting soil
There are the minerals of 40-60vt% and the organic matter of 8-10vt%.
6. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the soil of the planting soil
Earth granule is 1-3mm.
7. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the soil granular
Total porosity is 58-60%, aeration porosity 18-20%.
8. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the seed material packet
Include grass-seed, planting soil, organic fertilizer and water-retaining agent.
9. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the seed material
In, the grass-seed, the planting soil, the organic fertilizer and the water-retaining agent mass ratio be (1:5:1:0.5)-(1.5:5:1:
1)。
10. side slope earthing restorative procedure in rubble refuse dump according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the seed material
In, the grass-seed, the planting soil, the organic fertilizer and the water-retaining agent mass ratio be 1:5:1:1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811652774.7A CN109618588A (en) | 2018-12-29 | 2018-12-29 | A kind of rubble refuse dump side slope earthing restorative procedure |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN113617826A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-11-09 | 中冶成都勘察研究总院有限公司 | Step earthing method for repairing mine |
| CN116438974A (en) * | 2023-03-24 | 2023-07-18 | 陕西省环境调查评估中心 | Repairing device and repairing method for mine living environment treatment |
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