CN109602401B - Microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer and analysis method - Google Patents
Microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer and analysis method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer and an analysis method, wherein the analyzer comprises: the blood pressure measuring device comprises a capillary pressure detecting device, a segmental blood pressure measuring device, a microcirculation microscopic image collecting device and a data processing and analyzing module; the capillary pressure detection device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for measuring capillary pressure to obtain a capillary pressure signal; the segmental blood pressure measuring device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for obtaining segmental blood pressure signals; the microcirculation microscopic image acquisition device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for acquiring a circulation static image and a circulation dynamic image; and the data processing and analyzing module obtains the hemodynamic parameters according to the capillary pressure signal, the segment blood pressure signal, the circulating static image and the circulating dynamic image, and draws a Safari blood pressure curve, so that the acquisition and analysis of the hemodynamic parameters are realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medicine, in particular to a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer and an analysis method.
Background
Hypertension is a chronic disease that is the leading cause of stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease and early death. Chinese hypertension patients are 2.9 hundred million, the prevalence rate is 25 percent, and the control rate is less than 10 percent. Hypertension is a cardiovascular syndrome caused by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Essential hypertension refers to the condition that no recognizable etiology is found, and accounts for about 90% of people with hypertension, but the pathogenesis of blood pressure increase is clear. Arterial hypertension refers to a persistent elevated Blood Pressure (BP), which is the product of Cardiac Output (CO) and peripheral resistance (PVR) (BP ═ cox ppg).
Hypertension is ultimately characterized by hemodynamic abnormalities that increase blood pressure, increase arterial stiffness and increase peripheral vascular resistance to blood flow. Description of the mechanical pressure in the cardiovascular system attention should be paid to both pulsatile concussion (pulse pressure PP) and steady continuous (MAP).
PP is the dominant aortic elastic properties. The aortic component consists of an endothelial cell layer, vascular smooth cells and a large amount of extracellular elastic tissue. This structure provides a transient buffering function (widtkkessel) for the cardiac ejection phase. Hypertension patients increase arterial stiffness and wave reflexes, increase central SBP, PP and broad PP, excessive arterial stress (homeotropic, shear) outward, and coarterial conduction velocity (gradient reversal) damage the endothelial cells and myogenic tone of the target organ resistance vessels (increase glomerular filtration rate and proteinuria).
MAP is determined by the resistance to blood flow in the smaller arteries and arterioles. These distal arterioles and arterioles are composed of a continuous layer of endothelial cells, a layer of large smooth muscle cells, and less extracellular elastic tissue. A large pressure drop occurs in this segment of the resistance vessel and arterial effects are gradually lost. The high transmural pressure of the hypertensive is regulated through myogenic reaction to generate pressure wave reflection and ensure that microcirculation obtains a steady pressure flow state. But the chronic myogenic tension is endotrophic, perfusion is reduced and microvessels are rare. The rarity of blood capillaries, the structural increase of peripheral resistance, and the mechanism of primary hypertension initiation (at least in some patients). The relation among hemodynamics related to pressure, flow and obstruction is as follows: 1. the blood flow (F) is proportional to the pressure (P), the tube diameter (R) and inversely proportional to the resistance (R); 2. resistance (R) is proportional to blood pressure viscosity (eta) and blood vessel length (l) and inversely proportional to the 4 th power of the blood vessel diameter (R), and single blood vessel resistance R is MAP/F; 3. the microcirculation is mostly network structure, and the network resistance vascular structure system is a determinant factor. The number of vessels and their linkage, such as parallel coupled vessels, or arch tandem formation, etc.; 4. the peripheral segmental vascular pressure drop represents the resistance to blood flow for that segment of the vessel. It can be seen that the microvascular hemodynamic parameters can reflect the mechanism of hypertension, but how to obtain the microvascular hemodynamic parameters becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer and an analysis method, so as to obtain microvascular hemodynamic parameters.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer, the analyzer comprising: the blood pressure measuring device comprises a capillary pressure detecting device, a segmental blood pressure measuring device, a microcirculation microscopic image collecting device and a data processing and analyzing module;
the capillary pressure detection device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for measuring capillary pressure, obtaining a capillary pressure signal and outputting the capillary pressure signal to the data processing and analyzing module;
the segmental blood pressure measuring device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for acquiring finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial arterial blood pressure, acquiring segmental blood pressure signals and outputting the segmental blood pressure signals to the data processing and analyzing module;
the microcirculation microscopic image acquisition device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for acquiring a circulation static image and a circulation dynamic image and outputting the circulation static image and the circulation dynamic image to the data processing and analyzing module;
the data processing and analyzing module is used for acquiring hemodynamic parameters according to the capillary pressure signal, the segment blood pressure signal, the circulating static image and the circulating dynamic image and drawing a Safari blood pressure curve; the hemodynamic parameter comprises capillary pressure PmCapillary blood flow velocity v, capillary blood flow, capillary regional blood flow, capillary resistance R, segmental vascular pressure, and segmental vascular pressure difference.
Optionally, the capillary pressure detection device includes a precision screwing device, a precision lever, a capillary pressure measurement device, a precision pressure sensor and a signal acquisition and amplification circuit;
the precision precession device is connected with one end of the precision lever, the precision pressure sensor is arranged at one end of the precision lever, the capillary vessel measuring device is arranged at the other end of the precision lever, and the precision precession device is used for pulling up one end of the precision lever so that the other end of the precision lever extrudes a capillary vessel on the capillary vessel measuring device;
the output end of the precision pressure sensor is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition amplifying circuit, the precision pressure sensor measures capillary pressure of the capillary vessel according to the mechanical lever principle to obtain a capillary pressure analog signal, and the capillary pressure analog signal is output to the signal acquisition amplifying circuit;
the output end of the signal acquisition and amplification circuit is connected with the data processing and analysis module, and the signal acquisition and amplification circuit is used for amplifying and digitizing the capillary pressure analog signal to obtain a capillary pressure signal and outputting the capillary pressure signal to the data processing and analysis module.
Optionally, the precision screwing device comprises a precision screw and a precision nut.
Optionally, the microcirculation microscopic image acquisition device comprises a microscope and a camera, one end of the microscope is opposite to the capillary pressure measurement device of the capillary pressure detection device, the camera is connected with the data processing and analysis module, and the other end of the microscope is opposite to the camera; the microscope is used for amplifying the capillary vessel to obtain an amplified capillary vessel, and the camera is used for acquiring a circulating static image and a circulating dynamic image of the amplified capillary vessel and outputting the circulating static image and the circulating dynamic image to the data processing and analyzing module.
Optionally, the segmental blood pressure measuring device comprises a controller, an electronic valve and a plurality of cuffs;
the controller is connected with the control end of the electronic valve, the output end of the electronic valve is respectively connected with the plurality of cuff belts, and the controller is used for controlling the on-off of the electromagnetic valve so as to control the cuff belts to carry out sequential measurement on finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial arterial blood pressure;
the cuff is used for measuring finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial artery blood pressure and outputting the finger arterial blood pressure, the wrist arterial blood pressure and the brachial artery blood pressure to the controller;
the controller is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for outputting the finger artery blood pressure, the wrist artery blood pressure and the brachial artery blood pressure to the data processing and analyzing module.
A method for analyzing hemodynamic parameters of a blood vessel, the method comprising the steps of:
acquiring a capillary pressure signal, and acquiring a capillary pressure P according to the capillary pressure signalm；
Acquiring segment blood pressure signals, acquiring segment blood vessel pressure difference according to the segment blood pressure signals, and acquiring blood vessel resistance R information of each segment according to the segment blood vessel pressure difference;
acquiring a circulating dynamic image, and calculating the blood flow velocity v of the capillary vessel by using an automatic stepping method according to the circulating dynamic image;
according to the capillary pressure PmAnd (4) drawing a Safari blood pressure curve according to the vascular resistance R and the capillary blood flow velocity v of each segment.
Optionally, the calculating, according to the cyclic dynamic image, a capillary blood flow velocity v by using an automatic stepping method specifically includes:
acquiring markers appearing in the cyclic dynamic image;
determining the original coordinates of the marker;
drawing the motion track of the marker;
replaying the circulating dynamic image frame by frame, and tracking the coordinates of the marker when replaying to the Nth frame according to the motion track to obtain the coordinates of the Nth frame;
calculating the distance L between the original coordinate and the Nth frame coordinate;
according to the distance, the distance between the first and second electrodes is adjusted,using the formula v ═ L/(N.t)0) Calculating the capillary blood flow velocity v, where t0The time is acquired for each frame of image.
Optionally, the acquiring a circulation dynamic image, and calculating a capillary blood flow velocity v by using an automatic stepping method according to the circulation dynamic image, further includes:
and acquiring a circulating static image, measuring the diameter D and the length of the blood vessel according to the circulating static image, and delineating a blood vessel network.
Optionally, the acquiring a circulation static image, measuring a blood vessel diameter D and a blood vessel length according to the circulation static image, and delineating a blood vessel network, and then further includes,
obtaining a vessel density D from the vessel networknDynamic-static ratio K and substitution index P.
Optionally, obtaining a vessel density D from the vessel networknThe dynamic-static ratio K and the alternative index P are also included later:
using the formula Q ═ v (π D) according to said blood flow velocity v and said blood vessel diameter D2/4), calculating the flow Q of a single blood vessel;
according to the single blood vessel flow Q and the blood vessel density DnUsing the formula Qu＝Q·DnCalculating regional blood flow Qu。
According to the specific embodiment provided by the invention, the invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention discloses a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer and an analysis method, wherein the analyzer comprises: the blood pressure measuring device comprises a capillary pressure detecting device, a segmental blood pressure measuring device, a microcirculation microscopic image collecting device and a data processing and analyzing module; the capillary pressure detection device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for measuring capillary pressure to obtain a capillary pressure signal; the segmental blood pressure measuring device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module to obtain segmental blood pressure signals; the microcirculation microscopic image acquisition device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module to acquire a circulation static image and a circulation dynamic image; and the data processing and analyzing module is used for obtaining the hemodynamic parameters according to the capillary pressure signal, the segment blood pressure signal, the circulation static image and the circulation dynamic image so as to obtain the hemodynamic parameters.
The invention researches the microcirculation function state from three aspects of capillary pressure, capillary blood flow speed and capillary resistance, and overcomes the defect of analyzing the microcirculation function by using a single index in the past. Because of the lack of capillary blood pressure index in the past, the microcirculation function is evaluated only by indexes such as blood vessel network, blood flow speed and the like in the microcirculation analysis process, the hemodynamic comprehensive index analysis is lacked, and the observation index of the microcirculation evaluation method has limitations. High blood flow and low blood pressure (low resistance) are favorable for blood perfusion and beneficial to microcirculation, but high blood flow and high blood pressure (high resistance) formally increase blood perfusion, but increase damage to blood vessels and are harmful to microcirculation.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a capillary pressure detection device and a microcirculation microscopic image acquisition device provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a Safari graph plotted by a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer provided by the present invention;
fig. 4 is a flowchart of a microvascular hemodynamic parameter scoring method provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer and an analysis method, so as to obtain microvascular hemodynamic parameters.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the invention provides a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer.
As shown in fig. 1, the analyzer includes: the blood pressure monitoring device comprises a capillary blood pressure detection device 1, a segmental blood pressure measurement device 2, a microcirculation microscopic image acquisition device 3 and a data processing and analyzing module 4; the capillary pressure detection device 1 is connected with the data processing and analyzing module 4 and is used for measuring capillary pressure, obtaining a capillary pressure signal and outputting the capillary pressure signal to the data processing and analyzing module 4; the segmental blood pressure measuring device 2 is connected with the data processing and analyzing module 4 and is used for acquiring finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial arterial blood pressure, acquiring segmental blood pressure signals and outputting the segmental blood pressure signals to the data processing and analyzing module 4; the microcirculation microscopic image acquisition device 3 is connected with the data processing and analyzing module 4 and is used for acquiring a circulation static image and a circulation dynamic image and outputting the circulation static image and the circulation dynamic image to the data processing and analyzing module 4; the data processing and analyzing module 4 is used for obtaining hemodynamic parameters according to the capillary pressure signal, the segment blood pressure signal, the circulation static image and the circulation dynamic image, and drawing a Safari blood pressure curve; the hemodynamic parameter comprises capillary pressure PmCapillary blood flow velocity v, capillary blood flow, capillary regional blood flow, capillary resistance R, segmental vascular pressure, and segmental vascular pressure difference.
Example 2
Example 2 of the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer, but the practice of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment defined in example 2 of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 2, the capillary pressure test device 1 comprises a precision capillary pressure test deviceThe precision blood pressure measuring device comprises a precession device 11, a precision lever 12, a capillary pressure measuring device 13, a precision pressure sensor 14 and a signal acquisition amplifying circuit 15, wherein the capillary measuring device 13 is arranged at one end of the precision lever 12, the precision pressure sensor 14 is arranged at the other end of the precision lever 12, the other end of the precision lever 12 is also connected with the precision precession device 11, the output end of the precision pressure sensor 14 is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition amplifying circuit 15, the output end of the signal acquisition amplifying circuit 15 is connected with the data processing and analyzing module 4, when in use, the precision sensor at the other end of the precision lever 12 is gradually pulled up through the precision precession device 11, one end of the precision lever 12 extrudes a capillary, the precision precession device 11 is adjusted, and capillary pressure is transmitted to the precision pressure sensor 14 through the precision lever 12 (mechanical lever principle, the capillary pressure analog signal Pm is k.F, k lever arm ratio, F pressure sensor pressure), realizes capillary pressure (Pm) And the measurement is carried out, and the measurement is converted into a voltage form through the acquisition amplifying circuit 15 and output. The output voltage signal is transmitted to the data processing and analyzing module 4 through the collecting and amplifying circuit 15, and the numerical value and waveform display is realized. The precision screwing device 11 comprises a precision screw and a precision nut.
As shown in fig. 2, the microcirculation microscopic image collecting device 3 comprises a microscope 31 and a camera 32, one end of the microscope 31 is opposite to the capillary pressure measuring device 13 of the capillary pressure detecting device 1, the other end of the microscope 31 is opposite to the camera, and the camera 32 is connected with the data processing and analyzing module 4; the microscope 31 is configured to magnify a capillary vessel to obtain a magnified capillary vessel, and the camera 32 is configured to obtain a circulation static image and a circulation dynamic image of the magnified capillary vessel, and output the circulation static image and the circulation dynamic image to the data processing and analyzing module 4. The data processing and analyzing module 4 obtains the blood flow velocity v and the blood vessel diameter D of the capillary vessel according to the circulation static image and the circulation dynamic image, delineates a blood vessel network, and further calculates the flow Q of a single blood vessel and the flow Q of an areauSpecifically, the capillary blood flow velocity v is measured by a dynamic image playback technology, fast sampling and slow release (high-speed camera), frame-by-frame identification and man-machine conversation, that is, an automatic stepping method is applied to measure the blood flow velocity. The specific measurement method is as follows: assuming that a marker (such as red blood cell aggregation-granule flow or single white blood cell-line flow) appears in a certain frame of image blood vessel, the position coordinate (X) of the marker is established by a computer mouse0，Y0) Then, the images are played back frame by frame, and the position coordinates (X) of the marker moving track to the Nth frame image are observed1，Y1) Then, by calculating the distance L between two points and the number of image playback frames N, the blood flow velocity v is obtained as L/(N · t)0)(t0The image acquisition time for each frame). The method can measure not only the particle flow velocity, but also the linear flow velocity, and the measured value is the absolute blood flow velocity (m/s).
The blood vessel diameter D is measured by detecting the microcirculation capillary distribution condition of the nail fold and the blood vessel edge detection through computer image processing and measuring technology, the computer automatically measures the blood vessel diameter D, and the blood vessel network index is obtained by drawing an interested area. Such as vascular density Dn(blood vessel density-the number of blood vessels in unit length), a dynamic-static ratio K (the ratio of the number of flow lines in the region of interest to the total number), a substitution index P (the ratio of the number of flow lines reopened after the blood vessel occlusion to the number of flow lines before the blood vessel occlusion), and the like.
The single blood vessel blood flow Q (Q ═ v (pi D) can be obtained from the capillary blood flow velocity v measured as described above2/4)) and regional blood flow Qu＝Q·DnAnd obtaining capillary resistance index R (R is Q/P) by calculation formulam)。
The segmental blood pressure measuring device 2 comprises a controller (the controller is a single chip microcomputer), an electronic valve and a plurality of cuffs; the controller is connected with the control end of the electronic valve, the output end of the electronic valve is respectively connected with the plurality of cuff belts, and the controller is used for controlling the on-off of the electromagnetic valve so as to control the cuff belts to carry out sequential measurement on finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial arterial blood pressure; the cuff is used for measuring finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial artery blood pressure and outputting the finger arterial blood pressure, the wrist arterial blood pressure and the brachial artery blood pressure to the controller; the controller is connected with the data processing and analyzing module 4, and the controller is used for outputting the finger artery blood pressure, the wrist artery blood pressure and the brachial artery blood pressure to the data processing and analyzing module 4. And the data processing and analyzing module 4 evaluates the elasticity and resistance of each connecting pipe according to the finger artery blood pressure, the wrist artery blood pressure and the brachial artery blood pressure. Specifically, in order to reduce system errors, the segmental blood pressure measuring device provided by the invention adopts a single blood pressure measuring module to measure blood pressure, the pressure measuring module is connected with a plurality of cuff belts through electronic valves, the on-off of the electronic valves is controlled by a controller, and the controller is a single chip microcomputer. The single chip microcomputer automatic control technology is utilized to control the blood pressure measuring sequence (finger artery blood pressure, wrist artery and brachial artery) and the measuring interval time (15 minutes) of each segment to automatically measure the brachial artery blood pressure, the wrist artery blood pressure and the finger artery blood pressure in a time sharing mode, and the data processing and analyzing module 4 is uploaded. The data processing and analyzing module 4 calculates the pressure difference of each segment to obtain the pressure difference between the artery and the blood vessel of each segment of the capillary, including the pressure difference between the brachial artery and the wrist artery, the pressure difference between the wrist artery and the finger artery and the pressure difference between the finger artery and the capillary, so as to evaluate the elasticity and the resistance of each segment of the blood vessel.
The blood vessel hemodynamics parameter analysis of the invention realizes the collection and analysis of capillary pressure signals, segmental blood pressure signal circulation static images and the circulation dynamic images, obtains indexes such as capillary pressure Pm, capillary blood flow velocity v, capillary resistance R, finger artery blood pressure, wrist artery blood pressure, brachial artery blood pressure, blood pressure difference between segments and the like through data processing, and displays the processing result in the form of a chart. And finally, printing a report of the obtained and analyzed result in a report form through a printer, and giving a diagnosis result and a suggestion.
The main technical indexes of the vascular hemodynamic parameter analysis comprise:
(I) System index
(1) The pressure measurement precision is 0.5mmHg, the blood vessel caliber measurement precision is 0.01um, the image acquisition speed is 200 frames/second, and the image resolution is 1280x 1024.
(II) hemodynamic indices
(1) Capillary pressure, brachial artery blood pressure, wrist artery blood pressure and finger artery blood pressure are measured, and improved Safari blood pressure curves are indirectly drawn as shown in figure 3, wherein the ordinate is a blood vessel pressure value, wherein I is a normal blood pressure microvascular regulation curve, II is a high blood pressure microvascular regulation dysfunction curve, III is a high blood pressure microvascular adaptive regulation curve, and IV is a normal blood pressure microvascular dysfunction curve. And judging the hypertension typing through the curve, and selecting a targeted treatment scheme.
(2) The single chip microcomputer automatic control technology is utilized to automatically measure the brachial artery blood pressure, the wrist artery blood pressure and the finger artery blood pressure, the upper computer is uploaded, and then the pressure difference of each segment is calculated respectively to obtain the pressure difference between each segment of blood vessel from the artery to the capillary vessel, wherein the pressure difference comprises the pressure difference between the brachial artery and the wrist artery, the pressure difference between the wrist artery and the finger artery and the pressure difference between the finger artery and the capillary vessel. Peripheral arterial segmental pressure drop (pressure difference between artery, arteriole and capillary anterior arteriole, the system is the pressure difference between brachial artery, wrist artery and finger artery-segmental pressure difference) is observed, and the absolute value of total peripheral arterial pressure drop (resistance) (total pressure difference is brachial arterial pressure minus capillary pressure) and the maximum pressure drop distribution percentage (the ratio of each segmental pressure difference to the total pressure difference, and the maximum value of the ratio) are calculated. The position of angiosclerosis or resistance is explored, and intervention is performed in advance.
(3) And acquiring microcirculation microscopic images and acquiring pressure, flow and blood flow resistance dynamic indexes. Microcirculatory hemodynamic indices include capillary pressure, blood flow velocity, vascular network (density), and blood flow resistance. The system adopts a high-precision and quick camera shooting technology, and clear microcirculation static and dynamic images are obtained through a microcirculation microscopic camera shooting system. The blood flow index measurement adopts a dynamic image playback technology, and adopts a mode of fast acquisition and slow release (high-speed camera), frame-by-frame identification and man-machine conversation, namely, an automatic stepping method is applied to measure the blood flow speed. The specific measurement method is as follows: setting a certain frame of imageThe presence of a marker (such as an erythrocyte aggregate-granule flow or a single leukocyte-linear flow) in the vessel, the position coordinates (X) of which are established by means of a computer mouse0，Y0) Then the computer plays back the images frame by frame, and the position coordinates (X) of the moving track of the marker to the next frame image are automatically detected1，Y1) Then, by calculating the distance L between two points and the number of image playback frames N, the blood flow velocity v is obtained as L/(N · t)0)(t0The image acquisition time for each frame). The method can measure not only the particle flow velocity, but also the linear flow velocity, and the measured value is the absolute blood flow velocity (m/s). The microcirculation static index measurement is to detect the microcirculation capillary vessel distribution of the nail fold and the vessel edge detection by computer image processing and measuring technology, the computer automatically measures the vessel diameter D, and obtains the vessel network index by drawing the interested area. Such as the blood vessel density Dn (blood vessel density- -number of blood vessels per unit length), the dynamic-static ratio K (ratio of the number of flow in the region of interest to the total number), the substitution index P (ratio of the number of flow reopened after the blood vessel occlusion to the number of flow before the blood vessel occlusion), etc. The blood flow velocity measured as described above can be used to obtain the blood flow Q (Q ═ v (pi D) of a single blood vessel2/4) and regional blood flow Qu(Qu＝Q·Dn) And obtaining capillary resistance index R (R is Q/P) by calculation formulam)。
(4) Microcirculation blood flow reserve and endothelial function measurements.
The method comprises the steps of adopting a blocked finger artery (bound by a rubber band), observing the microcirculation blood flow stop of the nail fold, removing the finger artery blocking after 5 minutes, observing the change condition of the microcirculation blood flow of the nail fold, evaluating reactive congestion after arterial occlusion by adopting the capillary vessel density (the number of flowing blood vessels per unit length), calculating the capillary replacement percentage (the ratio of the number of the flowing blood vessels which are reopened after the vascular occlusion to the number of the flowing blood vessels before the vascular occlusion), and reflecting the blood flow reserve function and the endothelial function. The mean volume blood flow of the capillary vessels of the nail folds is used as an index of the microcirculation perfusion blood flow, reactive congestion is observed after arterial occlusion, and the blood flow reserve function is evaluated.
Example 3
The embodiment 3 of the invention provides a method for analyzing vascular hemodynamic parameters.
As shown in fig. 4, the analysis method includes the steps of:
As shown in figure 3, the invention draws an improved Safari blood pressure curve, the ordinate is the blood vessel pressure value, wherein I is a normal blood pressure microvascular regulation curve, II is a hypertension microvascular regulation dysfunction curve, III is a hypertension microvascular adaptive regulation curve, and IV is a normal blood pressure microvascular dysfunction curve. And judging the hypertension typing through the curve, and selecting a targeted treatment scheme.
Example 4
Example 4 of the present invention provides a preferred embodiment of a microvascular hemodynamic parameter analysis method, but the practice of the present invention is not limited to the embodiment defined in example 4 of the present invention.
and acquiring a circulating static image, measuring the diameter D and the length of the blood vessel according to the circulating static image, and delineating a blood vessel network. Obtaining a vessel density D from the vessel networknDynamic-static ratio K and substitution index P; using the formula Q ═ v (π D) according to said blood flow velocity v and said blood vessel diameter D2/4), calculating the flow Q of a single blood vessel; according to the single blood vessel flow Q and the blood vessel density DnUsing the formula Qu＝Q·DnCalculating regional blood flow Qu。
Step 404 is followed by obtaining indexes such as capillary pressure Pm, capillary blood flow velocity v, capillary resistance R, finger artery blood pressure, wrist artery blood pressure, brachial artery blood pressure, and blood pressure difference between segments through data processing, and displaying the processing result in the form of a graph. And finally, printing a report of the obtained and analyzed result in a report form through a printer, and giving a diagnosis result and a suggestion.
The capillary blood flow velocity, blood pressure and resistance indexes all reflect single capillary blood flow dynamics indexes, the single indexes are not enough for explaining the microcirculation structure and function state, and the comprehensive analysis needs to be combined with multiple indexes such as a blood vessel network, the blood flow velocity, the blood flow volume, the blood vessel pressure and the resistance. If the blood flow velocity is increased, the blood pressure is increased, and the resistance is increased, the blood vessel is damaged by high blood flow. But high blood flow and low blood pressure favor microcirculation perfusion. For vascular networks, high vessel density, parallel vessels are favorable for blood perfusion.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The principle and the implementation manner of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples, the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understanding the method of the present invention and the core idea thereof, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A microvascular hemodynamic parameter analyzer, the analyzer comprising: the blood pressure measuring device comprises a capillary pressure detecting device, a segmental blood pressure measuring device, a microcirculation microscopic image collecting device and a data processing and analyzing module;
the capillary pressure detection device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for measuring capillary pressure, obtaining a capillary pressure signal and outputting the capillary pressure signal to the data processing and analyzing module;
the segmental blood pressure measuring device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for acquiring finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial arterial blood pressure, acquiring segmental blood pressure signals and outputting the segmental blood pressure signals to the data processing and analyzing module;
the segmental blood pressure measuring device comprises a controller, an electronic valve and a plurality of cuffs; the controller is connected with the control end of the electronic valve, the output end of the electronic valve is respectively connected with the plurality of cuff belts, and the controller is used for controlling the on-off of the electronic valve so as to control the cuff belts to carry out sequential measurement on finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial arterial blood pressure; the cuff is used for measuring finger arterial blood pressure, wrist arterial blood pressure and brachial artery blood pressure and outputting the finger arterial blood pressure, the wrist arterial blood pressure and the brachial artery blood pressure to the controller; the controller is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for outputting the finger artery blood pressure, the wrist artery blood pressure and the brachial artery blood pressure to the data processing and analyzing module;
the microcirculation microscopic image acquisition device is connected with the data processing and analyzing module and is used for acquiring a circulation static image and a circulation dynamic image and outputting the circulation static image and the circulation dynamic image to the data processing and analyzing module;
the data processing and analyzing module is used for acquiring hemodynamic parameters according to the capillary pressure signal, the segment blood pressure signal, the circulating static image and the circulating dynamic image and drawing a Safari blood pressure curve; the hemodynamic parameter comprises capillary pressure PmCapillary blood flow velocity v, capillary blood flow, capillary regional blood flow, capillary resistance R, segmental vascular pressure, and segmental vascular pressure difference;
the data processing and analyzing module acquires hemodynamic parameters according to the capillary pressure signal, the segment blood pressure signal, the circulation static image and the circulation dynamic image, and draws a Safari blood pressure curve, and the data processing and analyzing module specifically comprises: obtaining capillary pressure P according to the capillary pressure signalm(ii) a Obtaining a segmental blood vessel pressure difference from the segmental blood pressure signal, the segmental blood vessel pressure difference being dependent on the segmental blood vesselAcquiring resistance R information of each segment of blood vessel by using the pressure difference; calculating the blood flow velocity v of the capillary vessel by using an automatic stepping method according to the circulating dynamic image; according to the capillary pressure PmAnd (4) drawing a Safari blood pressure curve according to the vascular resistance R and the capillary blood flow velocity v of each segment.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the capillary pressure detecting device comprises a precision screwing device, a precision lever, a capillary pressure measuring device, a precision pressure sensor and a signal collecting and amplifying circuit;
the precision precession device is connected with one end of the precision lever, the precision pressure sensor is arranged at one end of the precision lever, the capillary pressure measuring device is arranged at the other end of the precision lever, and the precision precession device is used for pulling up one end of the precision lever so that the other end of the precision lever extrudes a capillary on the capillary pressure measuring device;
the output end of the precision pressure sensor is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition amplifying circuit, the precision pressure sensor measures capillary pressure of the capillary vessel according to the mechanical lever principle to obtain a capillary pressure analog signal, and the capillary pressure analog signal is output to the signal acquisition amplifying circuit;
the output end of the signal acquisition and amplification circuit is connected with the data processing and analysis module, and the signal acquisition and amplification circuit is used for amplifying and digitizing the capillary pressure analog signal to obtain a capillary pressure signal and outputting the capillary pressure signal to the data processing and analysis module.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the precision screwing means comprises a precision screw and a precision nut.
4. The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the microcirculation microscopic image collecting device comprises a microscope and a camera, one end of the microscope is opposite to the capillary pressure measuring device of the capillary pressure detecting device, the camera is connected with the data processing and analyzing module, and the other end of the microscope is opposite to the camera; the microscope is used for amplifying the capillary vessel to obtain the amplified capillary vessel, and the camera is used for obtaining a circulating static image and a circulating dynamic image of the amplified capillary vessel and outputting the circulating static image and the circulating dynamic image to the data processing and analyzing module.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the capillary blood flow velocity v according to the circulation dynamic image by using an automatic stepping method specifically comprises:
acquiring markers appearing in the cyclic dynamic image;
determining the original coordinates of the marker;
drawing the motion track of the marker;
replaying the circulating dynamic image frame by frame, and tracking the coordinates of the marker when replaying to the Nth frame according to the motion track to obtain the coordinates of the Nth frame;
calculating the distance L between the original coordinate and the Nth frame coordinate;
based on the distance, using the formula v ═ L/(N · t)0) Calculating the capillary blood flow velocity v, where t0The time is acquired for each frame of image.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the acquiring of the circulation dynamic image and the calculating of the capillary blood flow velocity v by the automatic stepping method according to the circulation dynamic image further comprise:
and acquiring a circulating static image, measuring the diameter D and the length of the blood vessel according to the circulating static image, and delineating a blood vessel network.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the apparatus further comprises a blood vessel diameter D and a blood vessel length D measuring unit for measuring a blood vessel diameter D and a blood vessel length D from the circulation static image and delineating a blood vessel network,
obtaining a vessel density D from the vessel networknDynamic-static ratio K and substitution index P.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the vessel density D is obtained according to the vessel networknThe dynamic-static ratio K and the alternative index P are also included later:
using the formula Q ═ v (pi D) according to the capillary blood flow velocity v and the blood vessel diameter D2/4), calculating the flow Q of a single blood vessel;
according to the single blood vessel flow Q and the blood vessel density DnUsing the formula Qu＝Q·DnCalculating regional blood flow Qu。
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| CN112384138B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2023-07-25 | 苏州润迈德医疗科技有限公司 | Method, device, system and storage medium for obtaining blood flow of superficial cardiac artery |
| US11531112B2 (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2022-12-20 | Cilag Gmbh International | Offset illumination of a scene using multiple emitters in a hyperspectral, fluorescence, and laser mapping imaging system |
| US11903563B2 (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2024-02-20 | Cilag Gmbh International | Offset illumination of a scene using multiple emitters in a fluorescence imaging system |
| US11931009B2 (en) | 2019-06-20 | 2024-03-19 | Cilag Gmbh International | Offset illumination of a scene using multiple emitters in a hyperspectral imaging system |
| CN110507357B (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2020-07-31 | 浙江大学 | Sublingual microcirculation detection device, system and processing method thereof |
| CN111248886A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-09 | 威海吉威重症医疗制品有限公司 | Disposable blood pressure monitoring device |
| CN111956200B (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2023-07-21 | 徐州利华电子科技发展有限公司 | Microcirculation high-speed blood flow measurement system and calculation method |
| CN112568879B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2023-07-28 | 中国人民解放军海军军医大学第一附属医院 | Hemodynamic monitoring and medication guidance system |
| CN113450329B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2023-01-10 | 广州医软智能科技有限公司 | Microcirculation image blood vessel branch erythrocyte flow rate calculation method and system |
| CN113951850A (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2022-01-21 | 刘明明 | Lung tissue overall microcirculation function evaluation and visual presentation method |
| CN114219780A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-03-22 | 东北大学 | Deep learning-based method for detecting and segmenting nail fold microcirculation blood vessel |
| CN118121163B (en) * | 2024-04-18 | 2024-10-29 | 山东探微医疗技术有限公司 | Capillary vessel flow velocity measurement method and system based on OCTA coding |
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