CN109586548B - Hybrid permanent magnet type shaft coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a hybrid permanent magnetic shaft coupling, which is used to connect a driving shaft and a driven shaft, and includes a driving disc and a driven disc. The driving disc is connected with the driving shaft and includes two coaxially arranged driving rings. Each driving ring includes a plurality of magnets arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction around the driving shaft. The driven disc is connected with the driven shaft, and includes a synchronous disc, two torque discs arranged on both sides of the synchronous disc and coaxial with the synchronous disc. The synchronous disc includes a plurality of magnets 2 arranged at equal intervals around the axial direction of the driven shaft. Among the two adjacent magnets 2, the magnetic field direction of one is opposite to that of the other, and forms a torque. Two torque discs are arranged on both sides of the driving disc, and the distance between them is equal to the driving disc, and the torque discs generate higher instantaneous torque under the condition of high speed difference. The invention realizes no rigid connection between the driving shaft and the driven shaft, has the function of torque self-adaptive adjustment, can generate extremely high instantaneous torque, and can improve stability.

Description

Hybrid Permanent Magnetic Coupling

technical field

The invention relates to a permanent magnet coupling in the field of shaft couplings, in particular to a hybrid permanent magnet coupling.

Background technique

Coupling refers to a device that connects two shafts or shafts and rotating parts, and rotates together during the transmission of motion and power, and does not disengage under normal conditions. Couplings are sometimes used as a safety device to prevent excessive loads on the connected parts and play a role in overload protection. When the existing coupling realizes the linkage between the driving shaft and the driven shaft, due to the fixed torque, when the speed of the driving shaft and the driven shaft changes, the coupling is easily damaged, resulting in low service life and poor stability of the coupling .

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a hybrid permanent magnet coupling to solve the problems of low service life and poor stability of the existing coupling.

The present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: a hybrid permanent magnet coupling, which is used to connect the driving shaft and the driven shaft, is characterized in that it includes:

The drive disk is connected to the drive shaft and includes two drive rings arranged coaxially; each drive ring includes a plurality of magnets 1 arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction around the drive shaft; the number of magnets 1 is an even number, and The magnet one is provided with its two magnetic poles along the thickness direction; in the adjacent two magnets one, the direction of the magnetic field of one is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the other; and

The driven disc is connected with the driven shaft and includes a synchronous disc, two torque discs arranged on both sides of the synchronous disc and coaxial with the synchronous disc; a plurality of magnets 2; the number of magnets 2 is an even number, and corresponds to the magnets one by one, and the magnet 2 is provided with its two magnetic poles along the thickness direction; in two adjacent magnets 2, the magnetic field direction of one is the same as that of the other. The direction of the magnetic field of one is opposite, and form a torque with the magnet;

Among them, the driving disk and the driven disk are coaxially arranged; the synchronous disk is arranged between the two driving rings, and the distance between the two driving rings and the synchronizing disk is equal; the number of magnet one is the same as that of magnet two, and the number of magnet two is the same One-to-one correspondence; two torque discs are set on both sides of the driving disc, and the distance between them is equal to the driving disc, and each torque disc is used to provide torque to the adjacent driving ring; the outer diameters of the driving ring and the synchronizing disc are smaller than the torque The outer diameter of the disc, and the two torque discs are relatively fixed;

When the driving shaft rotates relative to the driven shaft, the driving shaft drives the driving disc to rotate, and drives the two driving rings to rotate relative to the synchronous disc and the torque disc, so that the first magnet drives the corresponding second magnet to move, so as to drive the driven shaft to rotate; When the driving shaft decelerates relative to the driving shaft, the torque disc provides positive torque to the corresponding driving ring, so that the total torque of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling increases; when the driving shaft decelerates relative to the driven shaft, the torque disc provides positive torque to the corresponding The driving ring provides negative torque, which reduces the total torque of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, each torque disc includes a magnetic adjustment ring and an eddy current disc, and the magnetic adjustment ring includes a plurality of magnets arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction around the driven shaft; each magnetic adjustment ring is coaxially installed on the corresponding on the eddy current disk; the number of the third magnet is an odd multiple of the number of the second magnet.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the torque disc, the driving ring, and the synchronizing disc are arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between the torque disc and the driving ring is 3mm±1mm.

Further, the inner diameter of the active ring is the same as the inner diameter of the synchronous disc, and the outer diameter of the active ring is the same as the outer diameter of the synchronous disc; the inner diameter of the magnetic adjusting ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the active ring, and the outer diameter of the magnetic adjusting ring is larger than the outer diameter of the active ring .

Furthermore, the first magnet, the second magnet and the third magnet are fan-shaped;

In one active ring, the total cross-sectional area of all magnets 1 is 60%-90% of the cross-sectional area of the corresponding active ring;

The total cross-sectional area of all the second magnets is 60%-90% of the cross-sectional area of the synchronous disc;

In one magnetic modulation ring, the total cross-sectional area of all magnets three is 60%-90% of the cross-section of the corresponding magnetic modulation ring.

Still further, each torque disc also includes an annular back iron, and the eddy current disc is coaxially installed on the corresponding back iron; the driven shaft is fixed with one of the back irons, and the end of the driving disc passes through the other back iron and is connected to the other back iron. Two active rings are fixed.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, each active ring also includes an annular antimagnetic frame body 1; a plurality of mounting holes 1 that are hollowed out and correspond to a plurality of magnets respectively are provided on the frame body 1, and each magnet one is installed on a corresponding mounting hole. Inside the hole;

The synchronization disk also includes a ring-shaped antimagnetic frame body 2; the frame body 2 is provided with a plurality of mounting holes 2 hollowed out and respectively corresponding to a plurality of magnets 2, and each magnet 2 is installed in the corresponding mounting hole 2.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the back iron, the vortex plate and the frame body 2 are relatively fixed by a plurality of positioning columns 1;

The driving shaft and the two frame bodies are relatively fixed through a plurality of positioning columns;

The driven shaft and one of the back irons are relatively fixed through a plurality of positioning columns.

Further, the eddy current disc is a copper disc or an aluminum disc;

Wherein, the eddy current disk is bonded or clamped on the corresponding back iron.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the thickness of the synchronous disk is smaller than that of the driving ring, and the thickness of the second magnet is smaller than that of the first magnet.

Compared with the existing couplings, the hybrid permanent magnetic coupling of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. When the hybrid permanent magnet coupling of the present invention connects the driving shaft and the driven shaft, the two driving rings in the driving disc drive the synchronous disc and the torque disc of the driven disc to make corresponding follow-up rotations to realize the active There is no rigid connection between the shaft and the driven shaft, and when the load of the driven shaft is higher than the load limit of the coupling, the physical structure of the coupling will not be damaged.

2. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of the present invention has no vibration transmission and low noise. Since there is no direct contact between the driving shaft and the driven shaft, the driven shaft is basically not affected by the vibration of the driving shaft, so that the vibration between the driving shaft and the driven shaft is separated from each other to reduce the corresponding noise generation .

3. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of the present invention has no friction, no lubrication and no leakage. Since there is no contact between the driving shaft and the driven shaft, there is no need for lubrication, and the trouble caused by the leakage of lubricating oil is avoided.

4. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of the present invention has a torque self-adaptive adjustment function. When the load is lower than the torque limit of the synchronous disc, only the synchronous disc works to provide the corresponding torque, and the driving shaft and the driven shaft run at the same speed; when the load increases significantly or the driven disc suddenly decelerates due to other reasons, the torque disc automatically compensates for a certain amount of time The torque increases the total torque of the coupling; when the driving disc decelerates suddenly, the torque disc automatically provides the corresponding negative torque to accelerate the deceleration of the driven disc.

5. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of the present invention can generate extremely high instantaneous torque. During the adaptive adjustment process, the hybrid permanent magnet coupling can provide high instantaneous torque compensation, so that the total torque can be significantly increased or decreased. The present invention can adjust and distribute the torque limit value provided by the synchronous disc and the torque disc by adjusting the gap between each disc. Therefore, the coupling can replace part of the functions of the automobile clutch, and has the functions of acceleration and braking, smooth function of the brakes.

6. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of the present invention can improve the stability of the existing coupling. Since the coupling has an adaptive torque compensation function, the coupling tends to be stable when working.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the explosion diagram when the hybrid permanent magnet coupling of embodiment 1 of the present invention is connected with driving shaft and driven shaft;

Fig. 2 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram when the hybrid permanent magnet coupling in Fig. 1 is connected with the driving shaft and the driven shaft;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling in embodiment 2 of the present invention when it is in a static state;

Fig. 4 is a three-dimensional schematic view of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling in Fig. 3 after part of the structure is removed;

Figure 5 is an exploded view of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling in Figure 3 when it is in a static state;

Figure 6 is an exploded view of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling in Figure 5 when it is in a rotating state;

Fig. 7 is a front view of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling in Fig. 5 when it is in a static state.

Symbol Description:

1 Drive plate 10 Magnet 3

2 Driven disc 11 Drive shaft

3 Drive ring 12 Driven shaft

4 magnet one 13 back iron

5 Synchronization plate 14 Frame body 1

6 Torque plate 15 Frame body two

7 Magnet 2 16 Positioning post 1

8 Magnet adjustment ring 17 Positioning column 2

9 Swirl disk 18 Positioning column three

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention.

Example 1

Please refer to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , this embodiment provides a hybrid permanent magnet coupling for coupling the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 . Among them, the hybrid permanent magnet coupling includes a driving disc 1 and a driven disc 2 .

The driving disc 1 is connected with the driving shaft 11 and includes two coaxially arranged driving rings 3 . Each driving ring 3 includes a plurality of magnets 4 , and the plurality of magnets 4 are arranged around the axial direction of the driving shaft 11 at equal intervals. The quantity of the magnet one 4 is an even number, and the magnet one 4 is provided with its two magnetic poles along the thickness direction, that is, the magnet one 4 is provided with two magnetic poles in the direction parallel to the axial direction of the driving shaft 11, and is arranged on the magnet one 4 on both sides.

The driven disc 2 is connected to the driven shaft 12, and includes a synchronous disc 5 and two torque discs 6, the two torque discs 6 are respectively arranged on both sides of the synchronous disc 5 and coaxially arranged with the synchronous disc 5, each torque disc 6 It is used to provide torque to the adjacent driving ring 3. The synchronous disc 5 includes a plurality of magnets 7 arranged at equal intervals around the axial direction of the driven shaft 12. The magnets 7 are similar to the magnets 4, and the number is the same as that of the magnets 4, and corresponds to each other to ensure that the magnetic road stability. The number of the second magnet 7 is an even number, and the two magnetic poles of the second magnet 7 are arranged along the thickness direction.

Each torque disc 6 may include a magnetic adjustment ring 8 , an eddy current disc 9 and an annular back iron 13 , and the magnetic adjustment ring 8 includes a plurality of magnets 10 arranged at equal intervals in the axial direction around the driven shaft 12 . The eddy current disk 9 is a copper disk or an aluminum disk, and each magnetic modulation ring 8 is coaxially installed on the corresponding eddy current disk 9. The magnetic modulation ring 8 can be attached to the surface of the eddy current disk 9, and the magnetic modulation ring 8 can also be embedded in the eddy current disk. 9 in. The quantity of the third magnet 10 is an odd multiple of the quantity of the second magnet 7 , so as to guide and gather the magnetic field of the eddy current disk 9 . In this embodiment, the number of the third magnet 10 can be set to three times or five times that of the second magnet 7, if the number is too small, the magnetic concentration effect will not be obvious, and if the number is too large, it will be unfavorable for processing and installation. The eddy disk 9 is coaxially installed on the corresponding back iron 13, the driven shaft 12 is fixed to one of the back irons 13, and the end of the driving disc 1 passes through the other back iron 13 and is fixed to the two driving rings 3.

Among the two adjacent magnets 4 , the direction of the magnetic field of one is opposite to that of the other, so as to form an effective magnetic circuit on the eddy current disk 9 . Similarly, in two adjacent magnets 2 7, the magnetic field direction of one is opposite to that of the other, corresponding to the magnet 1 4 in the drive disk 1, to form a torque.

Next, the positional connection relationship, size and specific structural shape of the driving disc 1 and the driven disc 2 will be described.

The driving disk 1 and the driven disk 2 are arranged coaxially. The synchronous disc 5 is arranged between the two active rings 3 , and the distance between the two active rings 3 and the synchronous disc 5 is equal. The thickness of the synchronous disc 5 is smaller than that of the driving ring 3 , and the thickness of the second magnet 7 is smaller than that of the first magnet 4 . The two torque disks 6 are arranged on both sides of the driving disk 1 , and the distance from the driving disk 1 is equal.

In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the active ring 3 can be the same as the inner diameter of the synchronous disc 5, and the outer diameter of the active ring 3 can be the same as the outer diameter of the synchronous disc 5, so as to maximize the utilization of the magnetic field of the active ring 3 and the synchronous disc 5. interaction. The outer diameters of the driving ring 3 and the synchronous disc 5 are smaller than that of the torque disc 6, and the two torque discs 6 are relatively fixed. The inner diameter of the magnetic modulation ring 8 is smaller than the inner diameter of the active ring 3 , and the outer diameter of the magnetic modulation ring 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the active ring 3 , so as to ensure that the magnetic flux adjustment ring 8 obtains sufficient magnetic flux.

The first magnet 4, the second magnet 7 and the third magnet 10 are all fan-shaped. In one active ring 3 , the total cross-sectional area of all the first magnets 4 may be 60%-90% of the corresponding cross-sectional area of the active ring 3 . The total cross-sectional area of all the second magnets 7 can be 60%-90% of the cross-sectional area of the synchronous disc 5 . In one magnetic modulation ring 8 , the total cross-sectional area of all magnets 3 10 may be 60%-90% of the cross-section of the corresponding magnetic modulation ring 8 . When the area occupied by magnet one 4, magnet two 7 and magnet three 10 is too small (the proportion is less than 60%), the overall magnetic field strength will not be enough, and when the area occupied by magnet one 4, magnet two 7 and magnet three 10 Too large (the proportion is higher than 90%), too small gap is not conducive to heat dissipation when the coupling is working, and high temperature may cause the magnetism of the permanent magnet to fade. It should be noted here that the specific occupation percentages of the first magnet 4 , the second magnet 7 and the third magnet 10 may be different, and specific settings may be set as required.

In this embodiment, both the first magnet 4 and the second magnet 7 can be installed through the frame. Wherein, each active ring 3 also includes a ring-shaped antimagnetic frame body-14, which is hollowed out and has a plurality of mounting holes corresponding to a plurality of magnets-4 respectively, and each magnet-4 is installed on a corresponding mounting hole. Inside the hole. The synchronous disk 5 also includes an annular antimagnetic frame body 15, and the frame body 15 offers a plurality of mounting holes 2 hollowed out and respectively corresponding to a plurality of magnets 7, and each magnet 2 7 is installed in a corresponding mounting hole 2. Of course, in other embodiments, the first magnet 4 and the second magnet 7 can also be installed by other mechanisms.

On the basis of the above, further, the back iron 13, the eddy current disc 9 and the frame body 2 15 are relatively fixed by a plurality of positioning columns 16, and the driving shaft 11 and the two frame bodies 14 are relatively fixed by a plurality of positioning columns 1 17, The driven shaft 12 and one of the back irons 13 are relatively fixed through a plurality of positioning columns 3 18 . Specifically, a plurality of sockets can be provided on the back iron 13, the eddy current disc 9, the first frame body 14, and the second frame body 15, so as to respectively provide the first positioning column 16, the second positioning column 17, and the third positioning column 18, thereby completing the whole The installation of the coupling is fixed, and it is also easy to disassemble. Of course, in other embodiments, the above-mentioned installation and fixation can also be accomplished through connecting pieces such as bolts.

In some embodiments, the torque disc 6 , the driving ring 3 , and the synchronous disc 5 are arranged at equal intervals, and the distance between the torque disc 6 and the driving ring 3 is 3 mm±1 mm. When the distance is less than 2 mm, it is not conducive to the installation of the coupling, and there will be relative disturbance between the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 when the coupling is working, and the gap is too small to cause mutual interference between the structures. When the distance is greater than 4 mm, the magnetic field strength on the surface of the eddy current disk 9 is too low, and the torque that the coupling can transmit is too small. In this embodiment, the distance between the torque disc 6 , the driving ring 3 and the synchronizing disc 5 is preferably 3 mm, so as to ensure that the coupling transfers sufficient torque without generating relative disturbances.

When the driving shaft 11 rotates relative to the driven shaft 12, the driving shaft 11 drives the driving disc 1 to rotate, and drives the two driving rings 3 to rotate relative to the synchronous disc 5 and the torque disc 6, because the magnet one 4 and the magnet two 7 and the magnet three 10 The torque action between them makes the magnet one 4 drive the corresponding magnet two 7 and magnet three 10 to move, so as to drive the driven shaft 12 to rotate. Moreover, when the load of the driven shaft 12 is lower than the torque limit of the synchronous disc 5, only the synchronous disc 5 works to provide the corresponding torque, and the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 run at the same speed; , that is, when the load increases significantly or other reasons cause the driven disk 2 to suddenly decelerate, the torque disk 6 provides positive torque to the corresponding driving ring 3, so that the total torque of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling increases; at the driving shaft 11 When decelerating relative to the driven shaft 12, that is, when the driving disc 1 suddenly decelerates, the torque disc 6 provides negative torque to the corresponding driving ring 3, so that the total torque of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling is reduced, and the speed of the driven disc 2 is accelerated. slow down.

To sum up, compared with the existing couplings, the hybrid permanent magnet coupling of this embodiment has the following advantages:

1. Since the hybrid permanent magnet coupling of this embodiment connects the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12, the two driving rings 3 in the driving disc 1 drive the synchronous disc 5 and the torque disc 6 of the driven disc 2 Corresponding follow-up rotation is performed to realize no rigid connection between the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12. When the load of the driven shaft 12 is higher than the load limit of the coupling, the physical structure of the coupling will not be damaged.

2. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of this embodiment has no vibration transmission and low noise. Since there is no direct contact between the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12, the driven shaft 12 is basically not affected by the vibration of the driving shaft 11, so that the vibrations between the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 are separated from each other, so that Reduce the corresponding noise generation.

3. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of this embodiment has no friction, no lubrication and no leakage. Because there is no contact between the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12, there is no need to lubricate, and the trouble caused by the leakage of lubricating oil is also avoided.

4. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of this embodiment has a torque self-adaptive adjustment function. When the load is lower than the torque limit of the synchronous disc 5, only the synchronous disc 5 works to provide the corresponding torque, and the driving shaft 11 and the driven shaft 12 run at the same speed; when the load increases significantly or other reasons cause the driven disc 2 to suddenly decelerate, the torque The work of the disc 6 automatically compensates a certain torque, so that the total torque of the coupling increases; when the driving disc 1 suddenly decelerates, the torque disc 6 automatically provides the corresponding negative torque to accelerate the deceleration of the driven disc 2.

5. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of this embodiment can generate extremely high instantaneous torque. During the adaptive adjustment process, the hybrid permanent magnet coupling can provide high instantaneous torque compensation, so that the total torque can be significantly increased or decreased. In this embodiment, the gap between each disk can be adjusted, and then the torque limit value provided by the synchronous disk 5 and the torque disk 6 can be adjusted and distributed. Therefore, the coupling can replace part of the function of the automobile clutch, and has Acceleration braking, smooth braking function.

6. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling of this embodiment can improve the stability of the existing coupling. Since the coupling has an adaptive torque compensation function, the coupling tends to be stable when working.

Example 2

Please refer to FIGS. 3-7 , this implementation provides a hybrid permanent magnet coupling, which is similar to that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that the eddy current disk 9 is bonded or clipped to the corresponding back iron 13 .

In this embodiment, the two torque discs 6 can be fixed by other structures not shown in the figure, such as the hole structure of the rotary part of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling applied in this embodiment, etc., and a plurality of magnets-4 Between the two magnets 7 and the three magnets 10 can be connected by gluing to form a whole. And the driving disc 1 and the driving shaft 11, the driven disc 2 and the driven shaft 12 can all be installed by means of welding, clamping or the like. In this way, the manufacturing materials of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling can be reduced, and at the same time the overall weight of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling can be reduced, and the working efficiency of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling can be improved.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection of the present invention. within range.

Claims (9)

1. A hybrid permanent magnet shaft coupling, which is used to connect a drive shaft (11) and a driven shaft (12), is characterized in that it comprises: The driving disk (1) is connected with the driving shaft (11), and includes two driving rings (3) arranged coaxially; each driving ring (3) includes axial and equidistantly arranged a plurality of magnets (4); the quantity of magnets (4) is an even number, and magnets (4) are provided with two magnetic poles along the thickness direction; in two adjacent magnets (4), one The direction of the magnetic field of is opposite to the direction of the magnetic field of the other; and The driven disc (2) is connected with the driven shaft (12), and includes a synchronous disc (5), two torque discs respectively arranged on both sides of the synchronous disc (5) and coaxially arranged with the synchronous disc (5) (6); the synchronous disk (5) comprises a plurality of magnets two (7) that surround the axial direction of the driven shaft (12) and are equidistantly arranged; ) one-to-one correspondence, magnet two (7) are provided with its two magnetic poles along the thickness direction; in two adjacent magnet two (7), the magnetic field direction of one is opposite to the magnetic field direction of the other, and with magnet one (4) to form torque; Wherein, the driving disk (1) and the driven disk (2) are coaxially arranged; the synchronous disk (5) is arranged between the two driving rings (3), and the two driving rings (3) and the synchronizing disk (5) The spacing is equal; the number of magnet one (4) is the same as that of magnet two (7), and corresponds to magnet two (7); two torque discs (6) are arranged on both sides of the drive disc (1), and Equal to the spacing of the drive disc (1), each torque disc (6) is used to provide torque to the adjacent drive ring (3); the outer diameters of the drive ring (3) and the synchronous disc (5) are smaller than the torque disc ( 6), and the two torque discs (6) are relatively fixed; When the driving shaft (11) rotates relative to the driven shaft (12), the driving shaft (11) drives the driving disc (1) to rotate, and drives the two driving rings (3) relative to the synchronous disc (5) and the torque disc (6) Rotate to make magnet one (4) drive the corresponding magnet two (7) to move, to drive the driven shaft (12) to rotate; when the driven shaft (12) decelerates relative to the driving shaft (11), the torque disc (6) will The corresponding drive ring (3) provides a positive torque to increase the total torque of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling; when the drive shaft (11) is decelerated relative to the driven shaft (12), the torque disc (6) moves toward the corresponding The driving ring (3) provides negative torque, so that the total torque of the hybrid permanent magnet coupling is reduced; Each torque disc (6) includes a magnetic adjustment ring (8) and an eddy current disc (9), and the magnetic adjustment ring (8) includes a plurality of magnets (10) arranged axially and equidistantly around the driven shaft (12) ; Each magnetic adjustment ring (8) is coaxially installed on the corresponding eddy current disk (9); the number of magnet three (10) is an odd multiple of the number of magnet two (7). 2. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, the torque disc (6), the driving ring (3), and the synchronous disc (5) are equidistantly arranged, and the torque disc (6) and the driving The distance between the rings (3) is 3mm±1mm. 3. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter of the active ring (3) is the same as the inner diameter of the synchronous disc (5), and the outer diameter of the active ring (3) is the same as that of the synchronous disc ( 5) have the same outer diameter; the inner diameter of the magnetic adjusting ring (8) is smaller than the inner diameter of the driving ring (3), and the outer diameter of the magnetic adjusting ring (8) is greater than the outer diameter of the driving ring (3). 4. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, magnet one (4), magnet two (7) and magnet three (10) are fan-shaped; In one active ring (3), the total cross-sectional area of all magnets one (4) is 60%-90% of the cross-sectional area of the corresponding active ring (3); The total cross-sectional area of all magnets two (7) is 60%-90% of the cross-sectional area of the synchronous disc (5); In one magnetic adjusting ring (8), the total cross-sectional area of all magnets three (10) is 60%-90% of the cross section of the corresponding magnetic adjusting ring (8). 5. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that, each torque disc (6) also includes an annular back iron (13), and the eddy current disc (9) is coaxially mounted on the corresponding back iron (13); the driven shaft (12) is fixed with one of the back irons (13), and the end of the driving disc (1) passes through the other back iron (13) and is fixed with two driving rings (3). 6. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, each active ring (3) also includes an annular antimagnetic frame body one (14); the frame body one (14) is hollowed out and A plurality of installation holes one corresponding to the plurality of magnets one (4) respectively, each magnet one (4) is installed in the corresponding installation hole one; The synchronous disk (5) also comprises annular antimagnetic frame body two (15); Offers hollow out on the frame body two (15) and a plurality of mounting holes two corresponding with a plurality of magnet two (7) respectively, each magnet two (7) ) is installed in the corresponding mounting hole 2. 7. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling according to claim 6, characterized in that, the back iron (13), the eddy current disc (9) and the frame body two (15) are relatively fixed by a plurality of positioning columns one (16) ; The drive shaft (11) is relatively fixed to the two frame bodies one (14) through a plurality of positioning columns two (17); The driven shaft (12) is relatively fixed with one of the back irons (13) by a plurality of positioning posts three (18). 8. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling according to claim 5, wherein the eddy current disc (9) is a copper disc or an aluminum disc; Wherein, the eddy current disk (9) is bonded or clamped on the corresponding back iron (13). 9. The hybrid permanent magnet coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the synchronous disk (5) is less than the thickness of the driving ring (3), and the thickness of the second magnet (7) is less than that of the first magnet (4 )thickness of.