Background
The rice leaf roller is an important migratory pest on rice in China and southeast Asia, the larva longitudinal leaf roller is damaged by eating, only the epidermis is left, white stripe is formed, the photosynthesis of crops is influenced, the yield is generally reduced by 20% -30%, and the rice field is withered and white even has no grain harvest in large occurrence. Since 2000, the insect is increasingly serious in China, the annual average occurrence area exceeds 2000 million hectares, the annual average grain loss is 76 million tons, particularly in 2007, the insect is influenced by factors such as insect source cardinality, climate, planting conditions and the like, the insect is mostly generated in most rice areas in southern China, the occurrence area is 2530 million hectares, and the occurrence area is the largest once in recent 20 years.
At present, the prevention and control of the rice leaf rollers mainly adopt chemical pesticide prevention and control, but a large amount of unreasonable chemical pesticide can kill a large amount of natural enemies, cause ecological deterioration, and cause the problems of pesticide resistance of pests, pesticide residue, food safety and the like. The promotion and popularization of green prevention and control technologies such as application of sex pheromone to trap and kill lepidoptera imagoes along with the reduction of the use of chemical pesticides in national farmlands has become an important measure for comprehensive control of pests at present.
Although some sex attractants of the rice leaf rollers are used for biological control, the sex attractants of the rice leaf rollers have poor effect in field attractant, the purpose of controlling the rice leaf rollers cannot be achieved, and the sex pheromone mainly acts on males and can rarely lure females. The invention utilizes the principle that insects sense host plant volatile matters to search hosts, and simulates plant volatile matters by artificially synthesizing substances with behavioral activity to the rice leaf roller and proportioning, thereby attracting the rice leaf roller and having better attractant effect on both male and female insects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the rice leaf roller attractant, and the formula has the advantages of simple and convenient use in fields, male and female attraction, safety to crops, and harmlessness to human, livestock and beneficial organisms.
The invention also aims to provide application of the attractant for the rice leaf roller.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical measures:
a rice leaf roller attractant, comprising:
the application of the cnaphalocrocis medinalis attractant comprises the use of the slow release agent as an active ingredient or one of the active ingredients for preparing the cnaphalocrocis medinalis attractant, or the slow release agent is used for attracting the cnaphalocrocis medinalis, and the slow release agent is used as a core attracting core material to be matched with a sticky trap and a moth trap for use.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the control method of the attractant is a more efficient and environment-friendly method compared with chemical control. The substances used in the invention all naturally exist in nature; or an artificially synthesized form of a natural substance; or artificially synthesized, well-known safe and nontoxic inert substances. The attractant can be slowly and continuously released.
The invention has convenient use and simple fixation, and comprises but is not limited to: a pest sticking plate, a trap lamp, a moth trap, a deinsectization lamp and the like. After being applied, the attractant can continuously release the attractant to attract the rice leaf roller.
The product of the invention has little influence on an ecological system, and the statistical data of field experiments of all times shows that the product has high selectivity and strong attractive force on target insects, weak attractive force on non-target insect species and less than 1 percent of the total trapping and killing rate on beneficial insects.
The attractant comprises an inert hydrophobic slow-release carrier, can continuously release plant volatile aroma from the carrier to deceive and attract the rice leaf rollers to approach, and then is matched with devices such as poison baits and insect sticking plates to kill insects, so that the quantity of harmful target rice leaf rollers is effectively controlled, the degree and range of damage of the rice leaf rollers are controlled, and the purposes of increasing the yield and income of agriculture are achieved. The preparation can be used alone in an insect attracting system, and can also be matched with other killing devices to kill cnaphalocrocis medinalis.
Detailed Description
The technical schemes of the invention are conventional schemes in the field if not particularly stated; the reagents or materials, if not specifically mentioned, are commercially available.
Example 1:
a rice leaf roller attractant, comprising:
the components are fully and uniformly mixed, the slow release rubber is soaked into the mixture, and after the mixture is fully soaked, the lure core can be obtained for use, and is used in the following examples.
Example 2:
the application of the attractant for the rice leaf roller comprises the following steps:
in this example, the attraction effect of the attractant prepared in example 1 in the field was evaluated by the following method: when field control is carried out, the prepared lure is matched with a boat-type trap on the market for use, and the boat-type trap is hung in the rice field by utilizing a bracket (the height is preferably 20cm lower than the rice leaf surface).
Evaluation of field attraction effect:
the attractant is matched with a boat-type trap to serve as an experimental group, and the attracting core soaked by liquid paraffin is matched with the boat-type trap to serve as a control group; the two traps are respectively hung in the paddy field, the number of the leaf rollers lured by each trap is recorded every two days, and the luring effect between the two traps is compared. Meanwhile, the trapping quantity is investigated once every 7 days, the traps trapped for a certain time are compared with respective new traps in field experiments to obtain the insect trapping capacity, and the percentage of the insect trapping quantity reduction is calculated.
The experimental site: 4 trapping devices are placed in each mou of Xushan village experimental bases in filial piety southern areas of the Hebei province, and the slow-release rubber is common bell mouth rubber on the market and has the volume of about 0.5 cubic centimeter.
Experiment time: 9-10 months in 2018
And (3) testing insect species: leaf roller of rice leaf roller
Luring result (head) in rice leaf roller field
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Day one
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The third day
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The fifth day
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The seventh day
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Experimental group
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10
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14
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17
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23
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Control group
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1
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1
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2
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2 |
The average insect capturing amount of each trap matched with the boat-type traps by the attractant is as follows: the ratio of the female insects to the male insects is 11 heads for 23 heads, the ratio of the female insects to the male insects is close to 1:1, and the average number of the insects captured by each trap in the control group is 2.
The number of the insects trapped by the new trap is C1, the number of the field long-time attractant insects is C2, then the attraction force reduction rate is (C1-C2)/C1, and the following data are the attraction force reduction rate after the field long-time attraction:
data on the rate of decrease in luring ability after long-term luring in the field (%)
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Day 7
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Day 14
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Day 21
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Day 28
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Experimental group
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9.7
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24.6
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57.7
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73.4 |
And (4) analyzing results:
the experimental data show that the attracting effect of the experimental group is obviously higher than that of the control group, the attracting effect is obvious, the existing control on the cnaphalocrocis medinalis is mainly based on chemical pesticide control, and no good and safe control means exists, the invention uses the self odor substance of rice to attract and kill the cnaphalocrocis medinalis, and the attractant is environment-friendly, safe to living beings, low in price, simple to operate and obvious in effect, the proportion of male and female target insects attracted and killed by the attractant is reasonable, the killing on beneficial insects in the field is low, and statistical results show that the attracting and killing few insects are beneficial insects, such as aphid flies, parasitic wasps and the like, and the proportion is less than 5%.
The luring effect is gradually reduced along with the increase of time, the luring capability is more obvious in the first two weeks and longer in duration, the luring capability is greatly reduced after the third week, the luring core is replaced once every two weeks, the better luring effect can be ensured, and the purpose of long-time prevention and control is achieved.
Example 3:
indoor attraction effect evaluation:
the H-type olfactometer device used in this example is shown in fig. 1, and the device includes two containers with covers, which are connected with each other by circular tubes; the container has air holes but insects cannot penetrate through the container.
The attractant core soaked by attractant and the attractant core soaked by liquid paraffin are respectively placed in two containers of the device, and 30 rice leaf rollers are placed in a round tube. In the experiment process, the light is turned off firstly, the selection result of the rice leaf roller is recorded after 1h, and the experiment is repeated for 8 times.
The results of the selection of cnaphalocrocis medinalis are shown in the following table
Mean number of selected rice leaf roller
Experimental group
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Control group
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26
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4 |
The result shows that the attractant has extremely obvious attraction effect on the rice leaf rollers indoors.