CN109283693B - Light field stereoscopic display device based on light-emitting diode packaging unit - Google Patents
Light field stereoscopic display device based on light-emitting diode packaging unit Download PDFInfo
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- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
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- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
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Abstract
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明涉及显示技术，更具体地说，本发明涉及光场立体显示技术。The present invention relates to display technology, and more specifically, the present invention relates to light field stereoscopic display technology.
背景技术Background technique
3D显示技术是可以实现立体场景真实再现的一种显示技术，其可以为人眼分别提供不同的视差图像，从而使人产生立体视觉。其通常使用狭缝光栅、柱透镜为分光元件，将像素投射到指定方向。当人眼分处于不同位置时，可以看见与之对应的视差图像，从而实现立体视觉。传统立体显示装置在实现立体显示时，常采用2D显示面板提供视差合成图像。由于传统的如液晶显示面板、OLED显示面板等的2D显示面板难以实现大尺寸显示，因此本发明提出了一种基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置。3D display technology is a display technology that can achieve true reproduction of three-dimensional scenes. It can provide different parallax images to human eyes, thereby enabling people to produce stereoscopic vision. It usually uses slit gratings and cylindrical lenses as light splitting elements to project pixels in specified directions. When the human eyes are in different positions, they can see corresponding parallax images, thereby achieving stereoscopic vision. When realizing stereoscopic display, traditional stereoscopic display devices often use 2D display panels to provide parallax synthesis images. Since traditional 2D display panels such as liquid crystal display panels and OLED display panels are difficult to achieve large-size display, the present invention proposes a light field three-dimensional display device based on a light-emitting diode packaging unit.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明提出了一种基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置。附图1为该基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置的结构示意图。该基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置由大量发光二极管封装单元构成阵列组合而成。所述发光二极管封装单元由基座、多个发光二极管、第一柱透镜、散射层、第二柱透镜及封装壳体组成，能够将发光二极管封装单元中不同的发光二极管投射到不同的空间方向，从而模拟立体空间中对应位置的光线在不同方向上的出射情况，因此由其构成的阵列能够形成用于立体显示的光场。当人眼处于光场中的不同位置时，可以看到与其位置对应的光线，从而可以形成视差并产生立体感观。The invention proposes a light field three-dimensional display device based on a light-emitting diode packaging unit. Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light field three-dimensional display device based on a light-emitting diode packaging unit. The light field three-dimensional display device based on light-emitting diode packaging units is composed of a large number of light-emitting diode packaging units forming an array. The light-emitting diode packaging unit is composed of a base, a plurality of light-emitting diodes, a first cylindrical lens, a scattering layer, a second cylindrical lens and a packaging shell, and can project different light-emitting diodes in the light-emitting diode packaging unit to different spatial directions. , thereby simulating the emission of light in different directions at corresponding positions in three-dimensional space, so the array composed of it can form a light field for three-dimensional display. When the human eye is at different positions in the light field, it can see the light corresponding to its position, thus forming parallax and creating a three-dimensional perception.
其原理可以理解为，在任意立体空间场景中设置一透明平板，该透明平板置于立体场景和观看者之间。观看者通过该平板可以看到该空间场景的立体影像。该透明平板上的任意点上，均有来自于其后立体空间场景的光线通过，人眼通过该点可以看见该点后方的立体场景。当人眼位置不同时，通过该点看到的立体空间场景中的像素点并不相同，即立体空间场景通过该点在不同的方向上出射的光线不同。本发明的基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置中的发光二极管封装单元可以在不同的方向上提供不同的出射光线，其性质和上述透明平板上的任意点相同。故当所述发光二极管封装单元组合成阵列时，可以形成对应的立体空间场景的光场，从而实现立体显示。The principle can be understood as setting up a transparent flat plate in any three-dimensional space scene, and placing the transparent flat plate between the three-dimensional scene and the viewer. Viewers can see the three-dimensional image of the spatial scene through the flat panel. At any point on the transparent plate, light from the three-dimensional scene behind it passes through, and the human eye can see the three-dimensional scene behind the point through this point. When the position of the human eye is different, the pixels in the three-dimensional space scene seen through this point are not the same, that is, the three-dimensional space scene emits different light rays in different directions through this point. The light-emitting diode packaging unit in the light field stereoscopic display device based on the light-emitting diode packaging unit of the present invention can provide different outgoing light rays in different directions, and its properties are the same as any point on the above-mentioned transparent flat plate. Therefore, when the light-emitting diode packaging units are combined into an array, a light field corresponding to a three-dimensional spatial scene can be formed, thereby achieving three-dimensional display.
所述发光二极管封装单元由基座、多个发光二极管、第一柱透镜、散射层、第二柱透镜及封装壳体组成。所述基座上安装有多个发光二极管。所述多个发光二极管具有不同的水平位置，因此所述多个发光二极管发射的光线可通过第一柱透镜投射到所述散射层上的不同水平位置。所述散射层可以向前散射光线。来自于不同发光二极管的光线由于在散射层上所成像的水平位置不同，经散射层散射后，其光线可通过第二柱透镜投射到不同的水平空间方向。所述封装壳体环绕所述发光二极管、所述第一柱透镜、所述散射层及所述第二柱透镜四周，但留出从第二柱透镜出射光线的路径，其用于保护固定发光二极管、所述第一柱透镜、所述散射层及所述第二柱透镜，其上涂覆光吸收材料，用以减少各不同发光二极管间的光线干扰。The light-emitting diode packaging unit is composed of a base, a plurality of light-emitting diodes, a first cylindrical lens, a scattering layer, a second cylindrical lens and a packaging shell. A plurality of light emitting diodes are installed on the base. The plurality of light-emitting diodes have different horizontal positions, so the light emitted by the plurality of light-emitting diodes can be projected to different horizontal positions on the scattering layer through the first cylindrical lens. The scattering layer can scatter light forward. Since the light from different light-emitting diodes is imaged at different horizontal positions on the scattering layer, after being scattered by the scattering layer, the light can be projected into different horizontal spatial directions through the second cylindrical lens. The packaging shell surrounds the light-emitting diode, the first cylindrical lens, the scattering layer and the second cylindrical lens, but leaves a path for the light emitted from the second cylindrical lens, which is used to protect the fixed light emitting The diode, the first cylindrical lens, the scattering layer and the second cylindrical lens are coated with light absorbing materials to reduce light interference between different light emitting diodes.
设所述发光二极管封装单元第一柱透镜的焦距为f，各发光二极管到第一柱透镜的距离为l 1，第一柱透镜到散射层的距离为l 2。优选地，上述参数应满足：，/>。由于/>，所述各个发光二极管可缩小成像于散射层位置处，其所成像在水平方向上的宽度和发光二极管在水平方向上的原始宽度之比，按相似三角形原理，应为/>。在散射层上，由于各发光二极管的像的水平间距较各发光二极管的实际水平间距更小，便于缩小发光二极管封装单元的体积。Assume that the focal length of the first cylindrical lens of the light-emitting diode packaging unit is f , the distance from each light-emitting diode to the first cylindrical lens is l 1 , and the distance from the first cylindrical lens to the scattering layer is l 2 . Preferably, the above parameters should satisfy: ,/> . Due to/> , each of the light-emitting diodes can be shrunk and imaged at the position of the scattering layer. The ratio of the width of the image in the horizontal direction to the original width of the light-emitting diode in the horizontal direction, according to the principle of similar triangles, should be/> . On the scattering layer, since the horizontal spacing of the images of each light-emitting diode is smaller than the actual horizontal spacing of each light-emitting diode, it is convenient to reduce the volume of the light-emitting diode packaging unit.
可选地，可设置额外第二柱透镜用以将光线投射到更多方向。Optionally, an additional second cylindrical lens can be provided to project light to more directions.
可选地，第一柱透镜可替换为狭缝。Optionally, the first cylindrical lens may be replaced by a slit.
可选地，第二柱透镜可替换为狭缝。Optionally, the second cylindrical lens may be replaced by a slit.
可选地，第一柱透镜可替换为透镜。Optionally, the first cylindrical lens may be replaced by a lens.
可选地，第二柱透镜可替换为透镜。Optionally, the second cylindrical lens may be replaced by a lens.
本发明的一种基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置由于能够将发光二极管封装单元中不同的发光二极管投射到不同的空间方向，从而模拟立体空间中，对应位置的光线在不同方向上的出射情况，因此由其构成的阵列能够形成用于立体显示的光场。该立体光场当人眼处于光场中的不同位置时，可以看到与其位置对应的光线，从而可以形成视差并产生立体感观。由于本发明的一种基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置利用发光二极管封装单元在空间中周期性扩展制备而成，故便于实现大尺寸立体显示。此外，由于所述发光二极管封装单元中的两层柱透镜分光结构，该装置的整体厚度易于控制。The light field three-dimensional display device based on the light-emitting diode packaging unit of the present invention can project different light-emitting diodes in the light-emitting diode packaging unit to different spatial directions, thereby simulating the light at corresponding positions in different directions in the three-dimensional space. Therefore, the array composed of it can form a light field for stereoscopic display. In this three-dimensional light field, when the human eye is at different positions in the light field, it can see the light corresponding to its position, thereby forming parallax and creating a three-dimensional perception. Since the light field three-dimensional display device based on the light-emitting diode packaging unit of the present invention is manufactured by periodically expanding the light-emitting diode packaging unit in space, it is easy to realize large-size three-dimensional display. In addition, due to the two-layer cylindrical lens light splitting structure in the light-emitting diode packaging unit, the overall thickness of the device is easy to control.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to explain the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and therefore do not It should be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without exerting creative efforts.
图1为本发明的结构示意图。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
图2为本发明中发光二极管封装单元的原理示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a light emitting diode packaging unit in the present invention.
图标：010-基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置；100-发光二极管封装单元；110-基板；121-发光二极管一；122-发光二极管二；123-发光二极管三；124-发光二极管四；125-发光二极管五；126-发光二极管六；130-封装壳体；140-第一柱透镜；150-散射层；160-第二柱透镜；170-额外第二柱透镜。Icon: 010-Light field stereoscopic display device based on LED packaging unit; 100-LED packaging unit; 110-Substrate; 121-LED one; 122-LED two; 123-LED three; 124-LED four ; 125-Light-emitting diode five; 126-Light-emitting diode six; 130-package housing; 140-first cylindrical lens; 150-scattering layer; 160-second cylindrical lens; 170-additional second cylindrical lens.
应该理解上述附图只是示意性的，并没有按比例绘制。It should be understood that the above drawings are schematic only and are not drawn to scale.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments These are some embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the appended drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather to represent selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters represent similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.
在本发明实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms “first”, “second”, etc. are only used to differentiate the description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.
实施例Example
图1为本实施例提供的基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置010的结构示意图，图中x坐标表示空间中的水平方向，y坐标表示空间中的垂直方向，z方向表示垂直于x-y平面的轴向方向。请参照图1，该基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置010由大量发光二极管封装单元100构成阵列组合而成。所述发光二极管封装单元100能够在不同的空间方向上投射来自于不同发光二极管的光线，从而模拟立体空间中对应位置的光线在不同方向上的出射情况，因此由其构成的阵列能够形成用于立体显示的光场。当人眼处于光场中的不同位置时，可以看到与其位置对应的光线，从而可以形成视差并产生立体感观。Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a light field stereoscopic display device 010 based on a light-emitting diode packaging unit provided in this embodiment. The x coordinate in the figure represents the horizontal direction in space, the y coordinate represents the vertical direction in space, and the z direction represents perpendicular to x-y. The axial direction of the plane. Referring to FIG. 1 , the light field three-dimensional display device 010 based on the LED packaging unit is composed of a large number of LED packaging units 100 forming an array. The light-emitting diode packaging unit 100 can project light from different light-emitting diodes in different spatial directions, thereby simulating the emission of light at corresponding positions in three-dimensional space in different directions. Therefore, the array formed by it can form a Light field for stereoscopic display. When the human eye is at different positions in the light field, it can see the light corresponding to its position, thus forming parallax and producing a three-dimensional perception.
其原理可以理解为，在任意立体空间场景中设置一透明平板，该透明平板置于立体场景和观看者之间。观看者通过该平板可以看到该空间场景的立体影像。该透明平板上的任意点上，均有来自于其后立体空间场景的光线通过，人眼通过该点可以看见该点后方的立体场景。当人眼位置不同时，通过该点看到的立体空间场景中的像素点并不相同，即立体空间场景通过该点在不同的方向上出射的光线不同。本发明的基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置010中的发光二极管封装单元100可以在不同的方向上提供不同的出射光线，其性质和上述透明平板上的任意点相同。故当所述发光二极管封装单元100组合成阵列时，可以形成对应的立体空间场景的光场，从而实现立体显示。The principle can be understood as setting up a transparent flat plate in any three-dimensional space scene, and placing the transparent flat plate between the three-dimensional scene and the viewer. Viewers can see the three-dimensional image of the spatial scene through the flat panel. At any point on the transparent plate, light from the three-dimensional scene behind it passes through, and the human eye can see the three-dimensional scene behind the point through this point. When the position of the human eye is different, the pixels in the three-dimensional space scene seen through this point are not the same, that is, the three-dimensional space scene emits different light rays in different directions through this point. The LED packaging unit 100 in the light field stereoscopic display device 010 based on the LED packaging unit of the present invention can provide different outgoing light rays in different directions, the properties of which are the same as any point on the above-mentioned transparent flat panel. Therefore, when the light-emitting diode packaging units 100 are combined into an array, a light field corresponding to a three-dimensional spatial scene can be formed, thereby realizing a three-dimensional display.
下面对本实施例提供的基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置010进行进一步说明。The light field stereoscopic display device 010 based on the light-emitting diode packaging unit provided in this embodiment will be further described below.
图2为本发明中发光二极管封装单元的原理示意图。请参照图2，所述发光二极管封装单元100由基座110、多个发光二极管121~126、第一柱透镜140、散射层150、第二柱透镜160及封装壳体130组成。所述基座上安装有多个发光二极管121~126。所述多个发光二极管121~126具有不同的水平位置，因此所述多个发光二极管121~126发射的光线可通过第一柱透镜140投射到所述散射层150上的不同水平位置。所述散射层150由节距和焦距很小的柱透镜光栅构成，可以向前散射光线。来自于不同发光二极管121~126的光线由于在散射层150上所成像的水平位置不同，经散射层150散射后，其光线可通过第二柱透镜160投射到不同的水平空间方向。所述封装壳体130在空间中呈圆柱形，环绕所述发光二极管121~126、所述第一柱透镜140、所述散射层150及所述第二柱透镜160四周，但留出从第二柱透镜160出射光线的路径，其用于保护固定发光二极管121~126、所述第一柱透镜140、所述散射层150及所述第二柱透镜160，其上涂覆光吸收材料，用以减少各不同发光二极管121~126间的光线干扰。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of a light emitting diode packaging unit in the present invention. Referring to FIG. 2 , the LED packaging unit 100 is composed of a base 110 , a plurality of LEDs 121 - 126 , a first cylindrical lens 140 , a scattering layer 150 , a second cylindrical lens 160 and a packaging shell 130 . A plurality of light-emitting diodes 121~126 are installed on the base. The plurality of light-emitting diodes 121 to 126 have different horizontal positions, so the light emitted by the plurality of light-emitting diodes 121 to 126 can be projected to different horizontal positions on the scattering layer 150 through the first cylindrical lens 140 . The scattering layer 150 is composed of a cylindrical lens grating with a small pitch and focal length, which can scatter light forward. The light from different light-emitting diodes 121 to 126 is imaged at different horizontal positions on the scattering layer 150. After being scattered by the scattering layer 150, the light can be projected into different horizontal spatial directions through the second cylindrical lens 160. The packaging shell 130 is cylindrical in space, surrounding the light-emitting diodes 121 to 126, the first cylindrical lens 140, the scattering layer 150 and the second cylindrical lens 160, but leaving some space from the The path of the light emitted from the two-cylindrical lens 160 is used to protect the fixed light-emitting diodes 121 to 126, the first cylindrical lens 140, the scattering layer 150 and the second cylindrical lens 160, and is coated with light-absorbing material, It is used to reduce light interference between different light-emitting diodes 121~126.
设所述发光二极管封装单元100第一柱透镜140的焦距f为4.5455 mm，各发光二极管121~126到第一柱透镜140的距离l 1为50 mm，第一柱透镜140到散射层150的距离l 2为5mm。上述参数满足：，/>。由于/>，所述各个发光二极管121~126可以缩小成像于散射层150位置处，其所成像在水平方向上的宽度和发光二极管121~126在水平方向上的原始宽度之比，按相似三角形原理，应为1/10。在散射层150上，由于各发光二极管121~126的像的水平间距较各发光二极管121~126的实际水平间距更小，便于缩小发光二极管封装单元100的体积。Assume that the focal length f of the first cylindrical lens 140 of the light-emitting diode packaging unit 100 is 4.5455 mm, the distance l1 between each light-emitting diode 121~126 and the first cylindrical lens 140 is 50 mm, and the distance l1 between the first cylindrical lens 140 and the scattering layer 150 is 50 mm. The distance l 2 is 5mm. The above parameters satisfy: ,/> . Due to/> , each of the light-emitting diodes 121 to 126 can be reduced and imaged at the position of the scattering layer 150. The ratio of the width of the image in the horizontal direction to the original width of the light-emitting diodes 121 to 126 in the horizontal direction, according to the principle of similar triangles, should is 1/10. On the scattering layer 150, since the horizontal spacing of the images of the LEDs 121-126 is smaller than the actual horizontal spacing of the LEDs 121-126, it is convenient to reduce the volume of the LED packaging unit 100.
本发明的一种基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置010由于能够将发光二极管封装单元100中不同的6个发光二极管121~126投射到不同的空间方向，从而模拟立体空间中，对应位置的光线在不同方向上的出射情况，因此由其构成的阵列能够形成用于立体显示的光场。当人眼处于光场中的不同位置时，可以看到与其位置对应的光线，从而可以形成视差并产生立体感观。由于本发明的一种基于发光二极管封装单元的光场立体显示装置010利用发光二极管封装单元100在空间中周期性扩展制备而成，故便于实现大尺寸立体显示。此外，由于所述发光二极管封装单元100中的两层柱透镜分光结构，该装置的整体厚度易于控制。The light field stereoscopic display device 010 based on the light-emitting diode packaging unit of the present invention can project the six different light-emitting diodes 121 to 126 in the light-emitting diode packaging unit 100 into different spatial directions, thereby simulating the corresponding positions in the three-dimensional space. The light emitted in different directions, so the array composed of it can form a light field for three-dimensional display. When the human eye is at different positions in the light field, it can see the light corresponding to its position, thus forming parallax and producing a three-dimensional perception. Since the light field stereoscopic display device 010 based on the light-emitting diode packaging unit of the present invention is manufactured by periodically expanding the light-emitting diode packaging unit 100 in space, it is easy to realize large-size three-dimensional display. In addition, due to the two-layer cylindrical lens light splitting structure in the LED packaging unit 100, the overall thickness of the device is easy to control.
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