CN109280846A - 0Cr25Al5B电热合金及其制造工艺 - Google Patents
0Cr25Al5B电热合金及其制造工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
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- 229910020785 La—Ce Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001122 Mischmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229920000914 Metallic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003026 anti-oxygenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001603 reducing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C22C—ALLOYS
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
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- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
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Abstract
本发明提供的一种0Cr25Al5B电热合金,其各成分的重量百分比含量为:C为<0.04%,Si为0.05%‑0.15%,Mn为0.15%‑0.25%,S为<0.015%,P为<0.03%,Cr为24.0%‑25.0%,Al为5.0%‑5.5%,B为0.08%‑0.15%,Ti为<0.01%,Ni为≤0.15%,La‑Ce混合稀土为0.10%‑0.40%,余量为Fe。该0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺包括:原料准备、真空炉冶炼、电渣重熔、锻造、热轧、剥皮抛光和检验。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及电热合金材料制备技术领域,特别是涉及0Cr25Al5B电热合金及其制造工艺。
背景技术
25Cr-5Al电热合金中铝、铬含量较高,含铁量高,由于在表面形成的Al2O3,在1000℃以下具有较高的抗氧化性、热强性和正温度系数。常温下,塑性、冷冲压、焊接性能一般。合金经退火处理后为铁素体组织,使用过程中组织不稳定,475℃为脆性温度区,长期加热,晶粒不断粗大,使材料逐渐变脆。所以,有必要对现有的25Cr-5Al电热合金通过优化成分搭配和合金元素作用,并通过合理的生产工艺使其性能得到提升。
另外,目前,利用金属纤维制得的高温滤片常被用于汽车传动系统和工业中减少有害排放和烟尘,从而减少对环境的危害。用于制造高温滤片的金属纤维须具有良好的延伸率和抗拉强度,同时具有较高的耐热性,而现有的25Cr-5Al电热合金的加工性能交差,不能进行金属纤维的加工及金属纤维配件的制作,影响了其应用范围。
发明内容
针对上述技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种0Cr25Al5B电热合金及其制造工艺。
本发明的0Cr25Al5B电热合金,各成分的重量百分比含量为:C:<0.04%,Si:0.05%-0.15%,Mn:0.15%-0.25%,S:<0.015%,P:<0.03%,Cr:24.0%-25.0%,Al:5.0%-5.5%,B:0.08%-0.15%,Ti:<0.01%,Ni:≤0.15%,La-Ce混合稀土0.10%-0.40%,余量为Fe。
较佳地,各成分的重量百分比含量为:C:<0.04%,Si:0.08%,Mn:0.20%,S:<0.015%,P:<0.03%,Cr:24.2%,Al:5.2%,B:0.10%,Ti:0.007%,Ni:0.12%,La-Ce混合稀土:0.30%,余量为Fe。
本发明还提出制备上述的0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺,该制造工艺包括以下各步骤:
A.原料准备:所有材料、浇注用耐材、脱氧剂等严格烘烤,确保无油无杂质,采用1/3返回料钢锭,其余配入新料生产;
B.真空炉冶炼:将原料投入真空炉冶炼;
C.电渣重熔:采用渣系CaF:Al2O3=70:30,电渣电流控制2000A~3000A;
D.锻造:低于850℃进炉,缓慢加热升温,850℃保温2h然后再升温,锻造加热温度1080~1120℃。
E.热轧:热轧加热温度1120~1160℃,热轧φ16㎜的直条;
F.剥皮抛光:剥皮15㎜棒材抛光成品;
G.检验:包括其尺寸、探伤、化学分析、表面质量、标识、包装。
其中,B步骤中的真空度小于3Pa方可送电。
与现有技术相比,本发明的0Cr25Al5B电热合金通过优化材料配方并精确控制,添加微量元素,细化晶粒,提高了电热合金的耐温性能、延伸率和抗拉强度;合金采用真空炉冶炼+电渣双联的冶炼工艺以提高电热合金纯净度和脱气效果;控制热加工的温度来得到合适的金相组织结构。本发明的0Cr25Al5B电热合金可以加工成金属纤维丝,制成纤维压块,作为节能环保配件,用于汽车尾气或工业锅炉高温废气排放过滤元件,减尘降噪,降低环境污染。
附图说明
图1为本发明的0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺流程示意图。
具体实施方式
为使对本发明的目的、构造、特征、及其功能有进一步的了解,兹配合实施例详细说明如下。
本发明的0Cr25Al5B电热合金,各成分的重量百分比含量为:C为<0.04%,Si为0.05%-0.15%,Mn为0.15%-0.25%,S为<0.015%,P为<0.03%,Cr为24.0%-25.0%,Al为5.0%-5.5%,B为0.08%-0.15%,Ti为<0.01%,Ni为≤0.15%,La-Ce混合稀土为0.10%-0.40%,余量为Fe。
本发明的0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺,所要制造的0Cr25Al5B电热合金的各成分的重量百分比含量为:C为<0.04%,Si为0.05%-0.15%,Mn为0.15%-0.25%,S为<0.015%,P为<0.03%,Cr为24.0%-25.0%,Al为5.0%-5.5%,B为0.08%-0.15%,Ti为<0.01%,Ni为≤0.15%,La-Ce混合稀土为0.10%-0.40%,余量为Fe,该制造工艺包括以下各步骤:。
A.原料准备:所有材料、浇注用耐材、脱氧剂等严格烘烤,确保无油无杂质,采用1/3返回料钢锭,其余配入新料生产;
B.真空炉冶炼:将原料投入真空炉冶炼;
C.电渣重熔:采用渣系CaF:Al2O3=70:30,电渣电流控制2000A~3000A;
D.锻造:低于850℃进炉,缓慢加热升温,850℃保温2h然后再升温,锻造加热温度1080~1120℃。
E.热轧:热轧加热温度1120~1160℃,热轧φ16㎜的直条;
F.剥皮抛光:剥皮15㎜棒材抛光成品;
G.检验:包括其尺寸、探伤、化学分析、表面质量、标识、包装。
其中,B步骤中的真空度小于3Pa方可送电。
0Cr25Al5B电热合金中各化学元素的性能如下:
(1)C元素:C与Ti元素形成碳化物弥散分布在晶体内起强化作用。
(2)Cr元素:Cr是铁素体形成元素,足够量Cr可使钢形成单一铁素体组织。
(3)Si元素:Si在高温氧化后生成SiO2,分布在氧化膜与基体金属的界面处,可以阻止氧渗入,降低合金的氧化速度;Si与稀土元素同时存在时,Si提高抗氧化性能的作用更加显著;适当的Si在炼钢中能够去除氧,减少夹杂物的形成。
(4)Al元素:Al氧化后生成Al2O3,可以阻止氧渗入,降低合金的氧化速度。
(5)B元素:少量介入B元素能够细化晶粒,提高淬透性。
(6)Ni元素:Ni为奥氏体化元素,可以提供良好的综合性能,稳定性好,高温下可以与Cr形成固溶体,具有比较高的高温强度,在常温时具有高的塑性,良好的加工工艺性能。
(7)Fe元素:材料基体,随材料组成元素变化产生相变。
(8)稀土元素:稀土是强还原性元素,在合金中加入稀土元素可能显著提高合金的抗氧化性能;在电弧过渡过程中具有保护和净化熔滴的作用,稀土与S有很大的亲和力,在熔池中不仅具有脱氧作用,还具有明显脱硫改善硫化物夹杂的尺寸、形态和分布作用,稀土元素可降低合金中氧、氢含量;当合金中加入0.10%~0.40%稀土合金,显著改善提高了合金在1100℃以下的抗氧化性能;本发明所用稀土为La-Ce混合稀土。
(9)Mn元素:奥氏体形成元素,少量Mn与S形成MnS能够降低热脆。
实施例1:
选取原材料,按重量百分比材料中含0.03%的C,0.08%的Si,0.20%的Mn,24.2%的Cr,5.2%的Al,0.10%的B,0.007%的Ti,0.12%的Ni,0.30%的La-Ce混合稀土,余量为Fe,并控制P含量<0.03%,S含量<0.015%。
将上述原材料按照0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺逐步进行制得0Cr25Al5B电热合金。
实施例2:
选取原材料,按重量百分比材料中含0.02%的C,0.05%的Si,0.15%的Mn,24.0%的Cr,5.0%的Al,0.08%的B,0.008%的Ti,0.15%的Ni,0.30%的La-Ce混合稀土,余量为Fe,并控制P含量<0.03%,S含量<0.015%。
将上述原材料按照0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺逐步进行制得0Cr25Al5B电热合金。
实施例3:
选取原材料,按重量百分比材料中含0.04%的C,0.15%的Si,0.25%的Mn,25.0%的Cr,5.5%的Al,0.15%的B,0.01%的Ti,0.15%的Ni,0.40%的La-Ce混合稀土,余量为Fe,并控制P含量<0.03%,S含量<0.015%。
将上述原材料按照0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺逐步进行制得0Cr25Al5B电热合金。
各实施例制得的0Cr25Al5B电热合金抽样检测结果如下表1:
表1:0Cr25Al5B电热合金性能测试结果
熔点 | 电阻率(20℃) | 导热系数 | 抗拉强度σb(MPa) | 延伸率A5 % | |
实施例1 | 1527℃ | 1.51μΩ·m | 13.8 W/(m·K) | 678 | 13.8 |
实施例2 | 1530℃ | 1.53μΩ·m | 13.9 W/(m·K) | 683 | 14.3 |
实施例3 | 1532℃ | 1.50μΩ·m | 13.7W/(m·K) | 682 | 13.5 |
本发明的0Cr25Al5B电热合金通过优化材料配方并精确控制,添加B等其他微量元素,细化晶粒,提高了电热合金的耐温性能、延伸率和抗拉强度;采用真空炉冶炼+电渣双联的冶炼工艺以提高电热合金纯净度和脱气效果;控制热加工的温度来得到合适的金相组织结构。本发明的0Cr25Al5B电热合金机加工性能优异,可以加工成金属纤维丝,进而制成纤维压块或金属纤维滤饼,作为节能环保配件,用于汽车尾气或工业锅炉高温废气排放过滤元件,减尘降噪,显著减少尾气污染。
本发明已由上述相关实施例加以描述,然而上述实施例仅为实施本发明的范例。必需指出的是,已揭露的实施例并未限制本发明的范围。相反地,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内所作的更动与润饰,均属本发明的专利保护范围。
Claims (4)
1.一种0Cr25Al5B电热合金,其特征在于,各成分的重量百分比含量为:C为<0.04%,Si为0.05%-0.15%,Mn为0.15%-0.25%,S为<0.015%,P为<0.03%,Cr为24.0%-25.0%,Al为5.0%-5.5%,B为0.08%-0.15%,Ti为<0.01%,Ni为≤0.15%,La-Ce混合稀土为0.10%-0.40%,余量为Fe。
2.如权利要求1所述的0Cr25Al5B电热合金,其特征在于,各成分的重量百分比含量为:C为<0.04%,Si为0.08%,Mn为0.20%,S为<0.015%,P为<0.03%,Cr为24.2%,Al为5.2%,B为0.10%,Ti为0.007%,Ni为0.12%,La-Ce混合稀土为0.30%,余量为Fe。
3.一种0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺,其特征在于,所述0Cr25Al5B电热合金的各成分的重量百分比含量如权利要求1所述,该0Cr25Al5B电热合金的制造工艺包括以下各步骤:
A.原料准备:所有材料、浇注用耐材、脱氧剂等严格烘烤,确保无油无杂质,采用1/3返回料钢锭,其余配入新料生产;
B.真空炉冶炼:将原料投入真空炉冶炼;
C.电渣重熔:采用渣系CaF:Al2O3=70:30,电渣电流控制2000A~3000A;
D.锻造:低于850℃进炉,缓慢加热升温,850℃保温2h然后再升温,锻造加热温度1080~1120℃;
E.热轧:热轧加热温度1120~1160℃,热轧φ16㎜的直条;
F.剥皮抛光:剥皮15㎜棒材抛光成品;
G.检验:包括其尺寸、探伤、化学分析、表面质量、标识、包装。
4.如权利要求3所述的0Cr25Al5B电热合金制造工艺,其特征在于,
所述B步骤真空炉冶炼的真空度小于3Pa方可送电。
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CN111151920A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-05-15 | 江苏新华合金有限公司 | 一种3425lc焊带及其生产工艺 |
CN112575249A (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-30 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | 一种电热合金材料及其制备方法 |
CN113802052A (zh) * | 2020-06-16 | 2021-12-17 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | 一种含Er元素的Fe-Cr-Al电热合金材料 |
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CN1392812A (zh) * | 2000-09-04 | 2003-01-22 | 桑德维克公司 | 用作电热元件的铁铬铝合金 |
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CN112575249A (zh) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-30 | 江苏新核合金科技有限公司 | 一种电热合金材料及其制备方法 |
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