CN109269928B - Tire abrasion testing machine and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Tire abrasion testing machine and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003708 edge detection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011179 visual inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/56—Investigating resistance to wear or abrasion
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tire abrasion testing machine which comprises a frame, a driving device, a road condition simulation loading device and a tire sample, wherein the frame is arranged on the ground and is used for bearing the driving device and the road condition simulation loading device; the driving device is positioned on the upper surface of the frame and is used for driving and controlling the rotation of the tire sample; the road condition simulation loading device is arranged on the upper surface of the frame and is loaded on the tire sample and used for simulating abrasion of the tire sample under the condition of high-strength tearing road, particularly, the loading cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the frame between the hinged support and the driving device, the top end of the loading cylinder is connected with the loading lever and is used for loading the tearing block on the tire sample by the loading lever and simulating abrasion of the tire under the condition of different-strength tearing. The invention makes the tire sample be simulated by vibration rebound under the condition of high tearing by means of high tearing road condition simulation and vibration rebound simulation, and has the advantages of high efficiency and real measurement result.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tire detection, and particularly relates to a tire abrasion testing machine capable of simultaneously and automatically measuring the wear resistance and the tearing resistance of a tire.
Background
With the increase of global vehicles and the increase of types, the types of rubber tires are continuously increased, and the use requirements are also more and more severe. It is well known that the wear resistance of a tire is an important factor in determining the durability of the tire,
At present, domestic tire abrasion testing machines are divided into three types: (1) a conventional drum tire testing machine: the method is suitable for researching steady-state and unsteady-state mechanical characteristics of the tire at high and low speeds, and because the surface of the drum has curvature, the method is different from a real road surface, and the influence of the curvature of the drum surface can be ignored only when the diameter of the drum is large enough, so that the equipment of the drum type tire testing machine is huge in volume; (2) Flat tire testing machine: the flat plate type tire testing machine is suitable for researching the mechanical characteristics of the tire at low speed, but only can test at a small speed, so that the flat plate type tire testing machine cannot adapt to the high-speed test of the tire; (3) flat belt tire testing machine: the method overcomes the defect of flat plate type, can perform high-speed tire test, has high manufacturing cost, is easy to fatigue and damage by testing steel belts, and the experimental simulation of the tire abrasion tester needs to basically meet the requirements in the automobile tire road abrasion test method GB/T29041-2012, wherein the road for tire test is a road paved by cement or asphalt, that is to say, the simulation test performed by the conventional tire abrasion tester is a test for simulating the tire under the road condition of flat cement or asphalt, and is obviously different from the tire abrasion under the actual road condition.
The patent with publication number CN107860673 discloses a tire abrasion tester capable of simulating tire abrasion by means of tire and road inscription and road surface replacement, which is mainly used for simulating tire cornering conditions by arranging a deflection measuring table on the front side of a rotary drum, and can perform tire abrasion tests under different loads, different speeds and normal running and cornering conditions by replacing road surfaces to simulate tires.
Meanwhile, the tearing resistance of the tire is one of key factors for determining the quality of the rubber tire, the strength of the tearing resistance of the tire directly influences the service life and the safety coefficient of the rubber tire, and further influences the quality of the rubber tire.
Meanwhile, the tire is inevitably subjected to the rebound action of the road surface in the running process of the automobile, particularly the tire is worn under the vibration rebound environment when the tire runs on a bumpy road section, such as an actual working road section of an off-road vehicle or an engineering vehicle.
Parameters to be recorded in the existing automobile tire road abrasion test method include, but are not limited to, the outer diameter, the section width, the pattern depth, the total mass, the abrasion and the dynamic balance which correspond to the transposition mileage respectively, the test measurement consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, the test period is long, and the test process is complex.
Parameters to be recorded in the existing automobile tire road abrasion test method include, but are not limited to, the outer diameter, the section width, the pattern depth, the total mass, the abrasion and the dynamic balance which correspond to the transposition mileage respectively, the test measurement consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, the test period is long, and the test process is complex.
Parameters to be recorded in the existing automobile tire road abrasion test method include, but are not limited to, the outer diameter, the section width, the pattern depth, the total mass, the abrasion and the dynamic balance which correspond to the transposition mileage respectively, the test measurement consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, the test period is long, and the test process is complex.
The existing tire wear measurement generally adopts a visual inspection method, the judgment result is from visual judgment of a person, the human factor is large, the accuracy cannot be ensured, in addition, the contact measurement is carried out by a detector by using a tire pattern depth rule, but the measurement data is also error due to the operation method of the detector and the error of the tire pattern depth rule, the prior patent publication number CN106802134 discloses a measuring device and a measuring method for testing the tire surface pattern wear by combining a line laser and a sampling camera, but only the wear change of a tire pattern part can be detected, the identification function of the tire tearing feature is not provided, and the detection of the tire wear under the tearing working condition cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, and provides the tire abrasion tester capable of simulating the tire under the condition of high-strength tearing road conditions and simultaneously receiving vibration rebound simulation.
The invention solves the defects of the prior art, adopts the following technical proposal:
a tyre abrasion testing machine comprises a frame, a driving device, a road condition simulation loading device and a tyre sample,
The frame is arranged on the ground and is used for bearing the driving device and the road condition simulation loading device;
the driving device is positioned on the upper surface of the frame and is used for driving and controlling the rotation of the tire sample;
The road condition simulation loading device is arranged on the upper surface of the frame, is loaded on the tire sample and is used for simulating the abrasion working condition of the tire sample under the high-strength tearing road condition.
Preferably, the frame is built by the section bar, the frame bottom is provided with the damping device that is used for reducing device vibration and experimental noise.
Preferably, the driving device comprises a motor, a reduction gearbox, a shaft coupling and a fixed hub, wherein the motor drives the reduction gearbox to rotate, the reduction gearbox is connected with the fixed hub through the shaft coupling, and the tire sample is fixed on the fixed hub;
the motor motion parameters are controlled by the upper computer.
Preferably, the road condition simulation loading device comprises a hinged support, a loading cylinder, a loading lever and a tearing block;
The hinged support is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the frame far away from the driving device;
the hinge bracket is an aluminum alloy section, a fixed adapter seat is arranged on the contact surface of the hinge bracket and the frame, and a fixing hole matched with the fixed adapter seat is arranged on the hinge bracket and is used for realizing rigid connection of the hinge bracket and the frame;
the hinged support is also provided with a hinged disc for fixing one end of the loading lever, the hinged disc is fixedly connected with the hinged support, and the loading lever rotates around the center of the hinged disc; the loading lever is provided with a tearing block at one end far away from the hinged support, and the tearing block is contacted with the tire sample and is used for simulating abrasion of the tire sample under a tearing working condition;
The loading cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the frame between the hinged support and the driving device, the top end of the loading cylinder is connected with the loading lever, and the loading cylinder is used for loading the tearing block onto the tire sample by the loading lever to simulate the abrasion of the tire under the tearing environments with different intensities.
Preferably, the tire sample surface abrasion detection device further comprises a non-contact detection device, wherein the non-contact detection device comprises a first visual detection system for tire sample surface abrasion detection based on linear structured light machine vision and a second visual detection system for tire sample surface tearing degree detection based on machine vision.
Preferably, a fixing groove penetrating through the length direction of the loading lever for connecting the top end of the loading cylinder is formed in the lower surface of the loading lever;
the tearing block is fixed on the fixing groove of the loading lever through an adapter plate.
Preferably, the tearing block is a wedge block made of high-temperature ceramic material.
Preferably, the loading cylinder comprises an air inlet and a piston rod, compressed air enters the air inlet to push the piston rod to move downwards, the loading cylinder is used for driving the tearing block to load by the loading lever, a one-way valve is arranged at the air inlet, a gas spring is formed at a space between the piston cylinder of the loading cylinder and the air inlet, and the gas spring realizes rebound simulation between the tearing block and the tire sample.
Preferably, the CCD industrial camera is arranged in a plane on one side of the tire sample, and the lens axis of the CCD industrial camera is parallel to the axis of the tire sample.
Preferably, the first vision detection system comprises a line laser and a first sampling camera which is arranged on the same plane as the line laser, wherein the plane where the line laser and the first sampling camera are positioned is positioned below the tire sample, the plane is tangential to the tire sample, and the line laser and the first sampling camera are respectively arranged on two sides of the tire sample;
The first vision system detects the wear step of the tire sample as follows:
step 110: the line laser projects the tire sample contour to an image imaging module of the first sampling camera;
Step 120: the loading cylinder pushes the tearing block on the loading lever to be far away from the tire sample, the tire sample is rotated for one circle, tire sample outline images at all times in the rotation process of the tire are calibrated, the tire sample outline images are processed by an image processing module through a light intensity contrast method to obtain a light bar center line, and coordinates of pixels on the light bar center line at all times are obtained;
Step 130: the loading cylinder pulls the tearing block on the loading lever to load and abrade the tire sample, the tire sample is controlled to rotate at the rotating speed in the step 120, the tire sample contour image is processed by an image processing module through a light intensity contrast method to obtain a light bar center line, and the coordinates of each pixel on the light bar center line at each moment are obtained;
Step 140: comparing the coordinates of each pixel on the light bar center line of the tire sample outline of each time point obtained by one rotation of the tire sample in the step 120 and the step 130;
step 150: and comparing and judging the abrasion degree of the tire sample outline by each pixel coordinate.
Preferably, the second visual detection system comprises a light supplementing laser and a second sampling camera, the light supplementing laser and the second sampling camera are positioned on the same side of the tire sample, and the included angle between the light supplementing laser and the second camera is 30-90 degrees, and is optimally 60 degrees;
The second visual detection system is used for detecting the tearing degree of the surface of the tire sample, and comprises the following steps:
step 210: the light supplementing laser works, and the second camera acquires the surface image of the tire sample in real time;
step 220: the loading cylinder pushes the tearing block on the loading lever to be far away from the tire sample, the tire sample is rotated for one circle, the tire sample surface images at various moments in the tire rotation process are calibrated, and an unfolding image of the tire sample surface is formed;
step 230: performing edge detection, edge filtering and edge marking on the unfolded image obtained in the step 220, marking the image in the step 200 as a standard image, forming a reference image, and recording the edge width value of the tire sample;
Step 240: the loading cylinder pulls the tearing block on the loading lever to load and abrade the tire sample, controls the tire sample to rotate at the rotating speed in the step 220, and collects and forms a test image of the surface of the tire sample;
Step 250: calculating a tearing distance value between any two sections of edges after edge marking in the test image, comparing the tearing distance value with an edge width value and a set threshold value, and judging that the surface of the tire sample is not torn if the absolute value of the difference value between the tearing distance value and the edge width value is not greater than the set threshold value, otherwise judging that the surface of the tire is torn;
step 260: and adjusting the tearing working condition degree of the tire sample by designing different thresholds.
Preferably, the tire test is an off-the-road or engineering tire reduced scale tire product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention makes the tire sample be simulated by vibration rebound under the condition of high tearing by means of high tearing road condition simulation and vibration rebound simulation, and has the advantages of high efficiency and real measurement result;
2. the frame supporting structure of the invention adopts aluminum alloy sections, and is light, low in cost and high in strength;
3. The invention completes the detection of the abrasion loss of the tire through non-contact measurement, thereby greatly saving the experimental period.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a tire wear testing machine according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevational view of a tire wear testing machine in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a right-side view of a tire wear testing machine equipped with machine vision inspection in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations and positional relationships based on the drawings, and are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or component to be referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indexes or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first", "a second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature. In the description of the invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of "a number" is two or more.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, integrally connected, mechanically connected, and electrically connected; can be connected by itself or indirectly through an intermediate medium, and can be that two elements are communicated internally. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art in a specific case.
The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
At present, domestic tire abrasion testing machines are divided into three types: (1) a conventional drum tire testing machine: the method is suitable for researching steady-state and unsteady-state mechanical characteristics of the tire at high and low speeds, and because the surface of the drum has curvature, the method is different from a real road surface, and the influence of the curvature of the drum surface can be ignored only when the diameter of the drum is large enough, so that the equipment of the drum type tire testing machine is huge in volume; (2) Flat tire testing machine: the flat plate type tire testing machine is suitable for researching the mechanical characteristics of the tire at low speed, but only can test at a small speed, so that the flat plate type tire testing machine cannot adapt to the high-speed test of the tire; (3) flat belt tire testing machine: the method overcomes the defect of flat plate type, can perform high-speed tire test, has high manufacturing cost, is easy to fatigue and damage by testing steel belts, and the experimental simulation of the tire abrasion tester needs to basically meet the requirements in the automobile tire road abrasion test method GB/T29041-2012, wherein the road for tire test is a road paved by cement or asphalt, that is to say, the simulation test performed by the conventional tire abrasion tester is a test for simulating the tire under the road condition of flat cement or asphalt, and is obviously different from the tire abrasion under the actual road condition.
The patent with publication number CN107860673 discloses a tire abrasion tester capable of simulating tire abrasion by means of tire and road inscription and road surface replacement, which is mainly used for simulating tire cornering conditions by arranging a deflection measuring table on the front side of a rotary drum, and can perform tire abrasion tests under different loads, different speeds and normal running and cornering conditions by replacing road surfaces to simulate tires.
Meanwhile, the tearing resistance of the tire is one of key factors for determining the quality of the rubber tire, the strength of the tearing resistance of the tire directly influences the service life and the safety coefficient of the rubber tire, and further influences the quality of the rubber tire.
Meanwhile, the tire is inevitably subjected to the rebound action of the road surface in the running process of the automobile, particularly the tire is worn under the vibration rebound environment when the tire runs on a bumpy road section, such as an actual working road section of an off-road vehicle or an engineering vehicle.
Aiming at the technical problems, as shown in fig. 1-3, the invention provides a tire abrasion testing machine, which comprises a frame 10, a driving device 20, a road condition simulation loading device 30 and a tire sample 40,
The frame 10 is arranged on the ground and is used for bearing the driving device 20 and the road condition simulation loading device 30;
The driving device 20 is positioned on the upper surface of the frame 10 and is used for driving and controlling the rotation of the tire sample 40;
The road condition simulation loading device 30 is arranged on the upper surface of the frame 10, is loaded on the tire sample 40, and is used for simulating the abrasion working condition of the tire sample 40 under the high-strength tearing road condition.
In a specific embodiment of the invention, the frame 10 is built by a section bar, a damping device for reducing device vibration and experimental noise is arranged at the bottom of the frame 10, the common section bar is an aluminum alloy section bar, and the damping device is a rubber damping foot cup.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the driving device 20 includes a motor 21, a reduction gearbox 22, a coupling 23, and a fixed hub 24, the motor 21 drives the reduction gearbox 22 to rotate, the reduction gearbox 22 is connected with the fixed hub 24 through the coupling 23, and the tire sample 40 is fixed on the fixed hub 24;
The tire sample 40 is driven by an alternating current motor 21, so that the rotating speed is conveniently controlled, and the high tearing condition of the tire can be simulated under the condition of different vehicle speeds.
The motor 21 is controlled by the upper computer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the road condition simulation loading device 30 includes a hinged bracket 31, a loading cylinder 32, a loading lever 33, and a tearing block 34;
The hinge bracket 31 is installed at one end of the upper surface of the frame 10, which is far away from the driving device 20;
The hinge bracket 31 is an aluminum alloy section, a fixed adapter seat is arranged on the contact surface of the hinge bracket 31 with the frame 10, and a fixed hole matched with the fixed adapter seat is arranged on the hinge bracket 31 for realizing rigid connection of the hinge bracket 31 and the frame 10;
The frame supporting structure of the invention adopts aluminum alloy sections, and is light, low in cost and high in strength;
the hinged bracket 31 is also provided with a hinged disc for fixing one end of the loading lever 33, the hinged disc is fixedly connected with the hinged bracket 31, and the loading lever 33 rotates at the center of the hinged disc; the loading lever 33 is provided with a tearing block 34 at one end far away from the hinged support 31, and the tearing block 34 is contacted with the tire sample 40 and is used for simulating abrasion of the tire sample 40 under a tearing working condition;
The loading cylinder 32 is arranged on the upper surface of the frame 10 between the hinged support 31 and the driving device 20, the top end of the loading cylinder 32 is connected with the loading lever 33, and the loading cylinder 32 is used for loading the tearing block 34 onto the tire sample 40 by the loading lever 33 to simulate the abrasion of the tire under the environment of different tearing intensities.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a fixing groove penetrating the length direction of the loading lever 33 for connecting the top end of the loading cylinder 32 is provided on the lower surface of the loading lever 33;
the tearing block 34 is fixed to the fixing groove of the loading lever 33 by an adapter plate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the tearing block 34 is a wedge of high temperature ceramic material.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the loading cylinder 32 includes an air inlet and a piston rod, the air inlet enters compressed air to push the piston rod to move downwards, the loading lever 33 is used for driving the tearing block 34 to load, a one-way valve is arranged at the air inlet, a gas spring is formed at the space between the piston cylinder of the loading cylinder 32 and the air inlet, the gas spring realizes the rebound simulation between the tearing block 34 and the tire sample 40, and compared with the constant load compression testing machine commonly used in China, the dynamic load loading is realized by the loading cylinder 32 for the machine, the dynamic load loading is closer to the actual road condition, and the data is more trustworthy.
Meanwhile, the simulation of different road conditions can be realized by adjusting the reciprocating frequency of the piston rod of the loading cylinder 32, and the tire sample 40 is simulated by vibration rebound under the condition of high tearing by means of high tearing road condition simulation and vibration rebound simulation, so that the invention has the advantages of high efficiency and real measurement result;
in one embodiment of the present invention, the tire coupon 40 is an off-the-road or engineering tire scaled-down tire product.
The use of the tire test specimen 40 greatly reduces the cost required for the test, and does not affect the completion of the test purpose, and when the conventional tire testing machine uses actual tires, particularly when the tire running on high tearing road conditions is either an engineering tire or an off-road tire, the test running cost is too high.
In addition, parameters to be recorded in the existing automobile tire road abrasion test method include, but are not limited to, the outer diameter, the section width, the pattern depth, the total mass, the abrasion and the dynamic balance which correspond to the transposition mileage respectively, the test measurement consumes a large amount of manpower and material resources, the test period is long, and the test process is complex.
In one embodiment of the present utility model, the tire sample surface abrasion detection system further comprises a non-contact detection device, wherein the non-contact detection device comprises a first visual detection system for tire sample surface abrasion detection based on line structured light machine vision and a second visual detection system for tire sample surface tearing degree detection based on machine vision;
The first vision detection system comprises a line laser 51 and a first sampling camera 52 which is arranged on the same plane as the line laser 51, wherein the plane where the line laser 51 and the first sampling camera 52 are positioned is positioned below the tire sample, the plane is tangential to the tire sample, and the line laser 51 and the first sampling camera 52 are respectively arranged on two sides of the tire sample;
The first vision system detects the wear of the tire specimen as follows:
step 110: the line laser projects the tire sample contour to the image imaging module of the first sampling camera 52;
Step 120: the loading cylinder pushes a tearing block on the loading lever to be far away from a tire sample, the tire sample is rotated for one circle, tire sample outline images at all times in the rotation process of the tire are calibrated, the tire sample outline images are processed by an image processing module through a light intensity contrast method to obtain a light bar center line, and coordinates of pixels on the light bar center line at all times are obtained;
Step 130: the loading cylinder pulls the tearing block on the loading lever to load and abrade the tire sample, the tire sample is controlled to rotate at the rotating speed in the step 120, the contour image of the tire sample is processed by the image processing module through the light intensity contrast method to obtain the center line of the light bar, and the coordinates of each pixel on the center line of the light bar at each moment are obtained;
Step 140: comparing the coordinates of each pixel on the light bar center line of the tire sample outline of each time point obtained by one rotation of the tire sample in the step 120 and the step 130;
step 150: and comparing the pixel coordinates to judge the abrasion degree of the tire sample outline.
The first vision system detects the abrasion of the tire sample, which belongs to a dynamic detection process, the rotation period of the tire sample and the coordinate value of the center line of the light bar collected by the first sampling camera 52 form a modularized data unit to be stored, and the image coordinate value is directly utilized to be compared, and the maximum value in the obtained difference value of each coordinate value is used as the abrasion amount of the tire sample;
The second visual detection system comprises a light supplementing laser 61 and a second sampling camera 62, wherein the light supplementing laser 61 and the second sampling camera 62 are positioned on the same side of the tire sample, and the included angle between the light supplementing laser 61 and the second camera is 30-90 degrees, and is optimally 60 degrees;
The second visual detection system is used for detecting the tearing degree of the surface of the tire sample:
Step 210: the light supplementing laser 61 works, and the second camera acquires the surface image of the tire sample in real time;
Step 220: the loading cylinder pushes a tearing block on the loading lever to be far away from the tire sample, the tire sample is rotated for one circle, the tire sample surface images at all times in the tire rotation process are calibrated, and an unfolding image of the tire sample surface is formed;
step 230: performing edge detection, edge filtering and edge marking on the unfolded image obtained in the step 220, marking the image in the step 200 as a standard image, forming a reference image, and recording the edge width value of the tire sample;
Step 240: the loading cylinder pulls the tearing block on the loading lever to load and abrade the tire sample, controls the tire sample to rotate at the rotating speed in the step 220, and collects and forms a test image of the surface of the tire sample;
Step 250: calculating a tearing distance value between any two sections of edges after edge marking in the test image, comparing the tearing distance value with an edge width value and a set threshold value, and judging that the surface of the tire sample is not torn if the absolute value of the difference value between the tearing distance value and the edge width value is not greater than the set threshold value, otherwise judging that the surface of the tire is torn;
step 260: and (3) adjusting the tearing condition degree of the tire sample by designing different thresholds.
The first vision system in the utility model detects abrasion of the tire sample and the second vision system detects tearing of the tire sample simultaneously, wherein the threshold value set in the second vision system controls loading of the loading cylinder, and when the tearing reaches the set threshold value, the tearing loading process is stopped, but the first vision system is still in a firm state, so that more accurate abrasion of the tire sample is obtained.
In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the CCD industrial camera is disposed in a plane on one side of the tire sample 40 for detecting the outer diameter of the tire sample, and the lens axis of the CCD industrial camera is parallel to the axis of the tire sample 40.
The non-contact detection device comprises the following steps:
Step 100: spraying speckles on the surface to be tested of the tire sample 40;
step 200: erecting a plurality of cameras on one side of the surface to be tested, completing calibration, and simultaneously shooting pictures of the tire sample 40 in the running process;
step 300: the pictures shot in the step 200 are transmitted back to an upper computer for splicing;
step 400: acquiring an edge line coordinate set of the tire sample 40 based on a digital image correlation technique, and monitoring the position of the edge line of the tire sample 40, namely detecting the outer contour information of the tire sample 40;
step 500: a storage database is constructed, and image information obtained by the digital image correlation technology is stored in the database in a format of a time dimension and a coordinate dimension, so that the real-time monitoring of the abrasion degree of the outer contour of the tire sample 40 is realized.
Preferably, the step of spraying the speckles in step 100 is as follows:
Step 110: uniformly attaching white paint on the surface to be tested of the tire sample 40 to form a monochromatic clean imaging surface;
Step 120: randomly spraying speckles with different shapes on the surface of the tire sample 40, wherein the maximum diameter range of the speckles is 2 mm-5 mm;
when taking the photographs in step 200 and step 300, a white light source is installed between the tire sample 40 and the camera.
In one particular embodiment of the present utility model, the first sampling camera 52 and the second sampling camera 62 are CCD industrial cameras.
In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention, the CCD industrial camera is disposed in a plane on one side of the tire sample 40 for detecting the outer diameter of the tire sample, and the lens axis of the CCD industrial camera is parallel to the axis of the tire sample 40.
The non-contact detection device comprises the following steps:
Step 100: spraying speckles on the surface to be tested of the tire sample 40;
step 200: erecting a plurality of cameras on one side of the surface to be tested, completing calibration, and simultaneously shooting pictures of the tire sample 40 in the running process;
step 300: the pictures shot in the step 200 are transmitted back to an upper computer for splicing;
step 400: acquiring an edge line coordinate set of the tire sample 40 based on a digital image correlation technique, and monitoring the position of the edge line of the tire sample 40, namely detecting the outer contour information of the tire sample 40;
step 500: a storage database is constructed, and image information obtained by the digital image correlation technology is stored in the database in a format of a time dimension and a coordinate dimension, so that the real-time monitoring of the abrasion degree of the outer contour of the tire sample 40 is realized.
Preferably, the step of spraying the speckles in step 100 is as follows:
Step 110: uniformly attaching white paint on the surface to be tested of the tire sample 40 to form a monochromatic clean imaging surface;
Step 120: randomly spraying speckles with different shapes on the surface of the tire sample 40, wherein the maximum diameter range of the speckles is 2 mm-5 mm;
when taking the photographs in step 200 and step 300, a white light source is installed between the tire sample 40 and the camera.
By now it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art that while a number of exemplary embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein in detail, many other variations or modifications of the invention consistent with the principles of the invention may be directly ascertained or inferred from the present disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be understood and deemed to cover all such other variations or modifications.
Claims (7)
1. A tire wear testing machine is characterized in that,
Comprises a frame, a driving device, a road condition simulation loading device and a tire sample,
The frame is arranged on the ground and is used for bearing the driving device and the road condition simulation loading device;
the driving device is positioned on the upper surface of the frame and is used for driving and controlling the rotation of the tire sample;
The road condition simulation loading device is arranged on the upper surface of the frame, is loaded on the tire sample and is used for simulating the abrasion working condition of the tire sample under the high-strength tearing road condition;
the tire sample is an equal proportion reduced tire product of an off-road tire or an engineering tire;
The road condition simulation loading device comprises a hinged support, a loading cylinder, a loading lever and a tearing block;
The hinged support is arranged at one end of the upper surface of the frame far away from the driving device;
the hinge bracket is an aluminum alloy section, a fixed adapter seat is arranged on the contact surface of the hinge bracket and the frame, and a fixing hole matched with the fixed adapter seat is arranged on the hinge bracket and is used for realizing rigid connection of the hinge bracket and the frame;
the hinged support is also provided with a hinged disc for fixing one end of the loading lever, the hinged disc is fixedly connected with the hinged support, and the loading lever rotates around the center of the hinged disc; the loading lever is provided with a tearing block at one end far away from the hinged support, and the tearing block is contacted with the tire sample and is used for simulating abrasion of the tire sample under a tearing working condition;
the loading cylinder is arranged on the upper surface of the frame between the hinged support and the driving device, the top end of the loading cylinder is connected with the loading lever, and the loading cylinder is used for loading the tearing block onto the tire sample by the loading lever to simulate the abrasion of the tire under the tearing environments with different intensities;
The loading cylinder comprises an air inlet and a piston rod, compressed air enters the air inlet to push the piston rod to move downwards, the loading cylinder is used for driving the tearing block to load by the loading lever, a one-way valve is arranged at the air inlet, a gas spring is formed at a space between a piston cylinder of the loading cylinder and the air inlet, and the gas spring realizes rebound simulation between the tearing block and the tire sample;
The non-contact detection device comprises a first visual detection system for detecting the surface abrasion of the tire sample based on linear structured light machine vision and a second visual detection system for detecting the tearing degree of the surface of the tire sample based on machine vision.
2. The tire wear testing machine of claim 1, wherein,
The frame is built by the section bar, the frame bottom is provided with the damping device who is used for reducing device vibration and experimental noise.
3. The tire wear testing machine of claim 1, wherein,
The driving device comprises a motor, a reduction gearbox, a shaft coupling and a fixed hub, wherein the motor drives the reduction gearbox to rotate, the reduction gearbox is connected with the fixed hub through the shaft coupling, and the tire sample is fixed on the fixed hub;
the motor motion parameters are controlled by the upper computer.
4. The tire wear testing machine of claim 1, wherein,
The lower surface of the loading lever is provided with a fixing groove which is used for connecting the top end of the loading cylinder and penetrates through the length direction of the loading lever;
the tearing block is fixed on the fixing groove of the loading lever through an adapter plate.
5. The tire wear testing machine of claim 1, wherein,
The tearing block is a wedge-shaped block made of high-temperature ceramic materials.
6. The detection method of the tire abrasion tester is characterized by comprising the following steps:
The first vision detection system comprises a line laser and a first sampling camera which is arranged on the same plane as the line laser, wherein the plane where the line laser and the first sampling camera are positioned is positioned below the tire sample, the plane is tangential to the tire sample, and the line laser and the first sampling camera are respectively arranged on two sides of the tire sample;
The first vision system detects the wear of the tire specimen as follows:
step 110: the line laser projects the outline of the tire sample to an image imaging module of the first sampling camera;
Step 120: the loading cylinder pushes a tearing block on the loading lever to be far away from a tire sample, the tire sample is rotated for one circle, tire sample outline images at all times in the rotation process of the tire are calibrated, the tire sample outline images are processed by an image processing module through a light intensity contrast method to obtain a light bar center line, and coordinates of pixels on the light bar center line at all times are obtained;
Step 130: the loading cylinder pulls the tearing block on the loading lever to load and abrade the tire sample, the tire sample is controlled to rotate at the rotating speed in the step 120, the contour image of the tire sample is processed by the image processing module through the light intensity contrast method to obtain the center line of the light bar, and the coordinates of each pixel on the center line of the light bar at each moment are obtained;
Step 140: comparing the coordinates of each pixel on the light bar center line of the tire sample outline of each time point obtained by one rotation of the tire sample in the step 120 and the step 130;
step 150: judging the abrasion degree of the outline of the tire sample by comparing the coordinates of each pixel;
the tire testing system further comprises a second visual detection system, wherein the second visual detection system comprises a light supplementing laser and a second sampling camera, the light supplementing laser and the second sampling camera are positioned on the same side of the tire sample, and the included angle between the light supplementing laser and the second camera is 30-90 degrees;
the second visual detection system is used for detecting the tearing degree of the surface of the tire sample, and comprises the following steps:
Step 210: the light supplementing laser works, and the second camera acquires the surface image of the tire sample in real time;
Step 220: the loading cylinder pushes a tearing block on the loading lever to be far away from the tire sample, the tire sample is rotated for one circle, the tire sample surface images at all times in the tire rotation process are calibrated, and an unfolding image of the tire sample surface is formed;
step 230: performing edge detection, edge filtering and edge marking on the unfolded image obtained in the step 220, marking the image in the step 200 as a standard image, forming a reference image, and recording the edge width value of the tire sample;
Step 240: the loading cylinder pulls the tearing block on the loading lever to load and abrade the tire sample, controls the tire sample to rotate at the rotating speed in the step 220, and collects and forms a test image of the surface of the tire sample;
Step 250: calculating a tearing distance value between any two sections of edges after edge marking in the test image, comparing the tearing distance value with an edge width value and a set threshold value, and judging that the surface of the tire sample is not torn if the absolute value of the difference value between the tearing distance value and the edge width value is not greater than the set threshold value, otherwise judging that the surface of the tire is torn;
step 260: and (3) adjusting the tearing condition degree of the tire sample by designing different thresholds.
7. A method for detecting a tire wear testing machine according to claim 6, wherein,
The included angle between the light supplementing laser and the second camera is 60 degrees.
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| CN110702552A (en) * | 2019-11-12 | 2020-01-17 | 正新橡胶（中国）有限公司 | Abrasion device for tire rubber |
| CN111047560A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-04-21 | 深圳市优必选科技股份有限公司 | Test method and test system for universal wheel |
| CN113776860B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-09-27 | 北京逸驰科技有限公司 | Tire detection equipment and system |
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