CN109267973B - A kind of worm gear and worm drive pumping unit and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a worm gear and worm drive oil pumping unit and a method, comprising a frame, a transmission mechanism and an annular reversing mechanism. The frame includes a base, a platform support frame, an escalator, a low platform and a high platform, wherein the low platform is provided with three transmission support frames for fixedly installing the worm gear reducer, the variable frequency speed regulating motor and the super capacitor. The middle part is provided with a rectangular hole for installing the annular reversing mechanism, and the annular reversing mechanism is connected with the transmission mechanism through a coupling. The worm gear reducer can realize the first-level transmission and deceleration, and achieve a large transmission ratio. The meshing surfaces of the worm gear and worm are in line contact, and its bearing capacity is much greater than that of the gear reduction. The ring reversing mechanism converts the rotary motion of the variable frequency speed regulating motor into the up and down linear motion of the polished rod connecting frame through the meshing of the gear and the ring gear, so as to realize the up and down reciprocating motion of the sucker rod.

Description

A kind of worm gear and worm drive pumping unit and method

technical field

The invention relates to ground equipment for oil exploitation, in particular to a worm gear and worm drive pumping unit and a method.

Background technique

In the current oilfield exploitation, the beam pumping unit occupies a major position in the oilfield production. It converts the rotary motion of the power machine into the reciprocating motion of the sucker rod and the sucker pump through the reduction box, the crank connecting rod mechanism, etc., so as to realize the oil suction and discharge process of the sucker pump. Most of the beam pumping units use two-stage gear reducers. These reducers have many transmission links and large structure, and the transmission efficiency of the reducer will also decrease. The crank connecting rod mechanism realizes the reversing of the pumping unit. The suspension point will generate a relatively large acceleration at all times, which will lead to the non-uniformity of the donkey head movement; the beam pumping unit adopts the mechanical balance method, that is, the balance weight is connected to the tail of the beam, which will increase the oil pumping. reduce the energy consumption of the pumping unit and reduce the service life of the pumping unit. Due to its structural characteristics, the traditional beam pumping unit has the disadvantages of poor balance effect, large suspension point acceleration, large starting torque, low efficiency and high energy consumption.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a worm gear and worm drive pumping unit and method to solve the problems of the prior art. The present invention can simplify the mechanical transmission process, reduce the transmission links, improve the energy utilization rate, and improve the efficiency of the pumping unit.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

A worm gear and worm drive oil pumping unit comprises a frame, a transmission mechanism is arranged on the frame, and an output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with an annular reversing mechanism for controlling the movement of the sucker rod for oil pumping;

The frame includes a base, a high platform and a low platform are arranged on the base through a platform support frame, and a through hole for installing the annular reversing mechanism is arranged on the high platform;

The transmission mechanism includes a frequency conversion speed regulation motor and a worm gear reducer arranged on the low platform, the output end of the frequency conversion speed regulation motor is connected with a first pulley, the worm shaft of the worm gear reducer is connected with a second pulley, and the first pulley is connected. The belt pulley and the second pulley are connected by a synchronous belt, and the output end of the worm gear reducer is connected to the annular reversing mechanism through a coupling;

The annular reversing mechanism includes two guide rails connected between the high platform and the base, between the two guide rails, a polished rod connecting frame is arranged through the slider, and two polished rod holders are symmetrically installed at the lower end of the polished rod connecting frame, so the The polished rod holder is used to fix the polished rod connected to the sucker rod, the polished rod connecting frame is embedded with a ring gear fixing frame that can move horizontally in the polished rod connecting frame, a ring gear is fixed in the ring gear fixing frame, and a ring gear is arranged in the ring gear. A gear that meshes with it, the gear being driven by a gear shaft connected to the coupling.

Further, a super capacitor for storing and releasing electric energy is connected to the variable frequency speed regulating motor.

Further, the variable frequency speed regulating motor, the worm gear reducer and the super capacitor are all connected to the low platform through the transmission support frame.

Further, two bearing seats for fixing the gear shaft are symmetrically mounted on the high platform.

Further, a sleeve is installed on the gear shaft.

Further, an escalator is arranged between the low platform and the base.

An oil pumping method using the above-mentioned worm gear and worm drive oil pumping unit, starts the variable frequency speed regulating motor, the output shaft of the variable frequency speed regulating motor rotates, and transmits the power to the worm gear reducer through the belt drive, thereby driving the gear shaft and the gear shaft. The gear rotates, when the gear rotates, it drives the ring gear to move, and the ring gear drives the ring gear fixing frame to move during the movement process, then the ring gear fixing frame moves horizontally in the polished rod connecting frame, and the ring gear fixing frame drives the polished rod connecting frame to move up and down in the guide rail , and then drive the polished rod to reciprocate through the polished rod holder, and the polished rod drives the sucker rod to reciprocate for oil pumping.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

The invention adopts a variable frequency speed-regulating motor, and by changing the output frequency of the frequency converter, the speed and torque of the motor are changed, thereby changing the stroke times of the worm gear driven pumping unit. Transmission and deceleration can obtain a large transmission ratio; the meshing surfaces of the worm gear and worm are in line contact, and its bearing capacity is much greater than that of gear deceleration; the meshing of the worm gear and worm is multi-tooth meshing, the transmission is stable and the noise is low, and the output shaft of the worm gear reducer of the present invention is directly connected to The gear shaft is connected, and the gear meshes with the ring gear to replace the crank connecting rod mechanism of the beam pumping unit. The transmission link is reduced, the structure is more compact, and the transmission efficiency is improved.

Further, by setting up a supercapacitor, the gravitational potential energy of the annular commutation mechanism in the downstroke is stored in the supercapacitor by taking advantage of the characteristics of the supercapacitor, such as large charging and discharging current, high charging and discharging efficiency, long cycle life, green and pollution-free, etc. The worm gear and worm drive pumping unit works on the stroke. The energy utilization rate of the worm gear and worm drive pumping unit is improved.

Further, by installing the sleeve on the gear shaft, the gear can be axially fixed, so as to ensure that the gear only performs rotational motion.

Further, by arranging escalators, it is convenient to maintain various components on the high platform and the low platform.

The method of the invention drives the ring gear to move through the rotation of the gear, the ring gear drives the ring gear fixing frame to move during the movement process, the ring gear fixing frame moves horizontally in the polished rod connecting frame, and the ring gear fixing frame drives the polished rod connecting frame to move up and down in the guide rail Then the polished rod holder drives the polished rod to reciprocate, and the polished rod drives the sucker rod to reciprocate for oil pumping. The linear motion realizes the up and down reciprocating motion of the sucker rod, which greatly simplifies the mechanical transmission process, reduces the transmission links, and improves the energy utilization rate and pumping efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a worm gear driven pumping unit;

Figure 2 is a front view of a worm gear pumping unit;

Figure 3 is the right side view of the worm gear pumping unit;

Figure 4 is a top view of a worm gear driven pumping unit;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the meshing of the worm gear and the ring gear of the pumping unit.

Among them: 1. Platform support frame, 2. Guide rail, 3. Bearing seat, 4. Coupling, 5. Second pulley, 6. Timing belt, 7. Transmission support frame, 8. Escalator, 9. Frequency conversion speed regulation Electric motor, 10, worm gear box, 11, ring gear, 12, ring gear holder, 13, polished rod connection frame, 14, slider, 15, high platform, 16 low platform, 17, gear shaft, 18, reducer Output shaft, 19, super capacitor, 20, gear, 21, base, 22, first pulley, 23, guide groove, 24, polished rod, 25, sleeve, 26, polished rod holder.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail:

Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5 , a worm gear pumping unit includes a frame, a transmission mechanism, an annular reversing mechanism and a balance mechanism. The frame includes a base 21 , an escalator 8 , a platform support frame 1 , and a low platform 16 And the high platform 15, there are three transmission support frames 7 on the low platform 16, which are respectively used to install the variable frequency speed regulation motor 9, the super capacitor 19 and the worm gear reducer 10, and a rectangular hole is provided in the middle of the high platform 15 for installation. Ring reversing mechanism; the annular reversing mechanism includes a ring gear 11, a ring gear fixing frame 12, a polished rod connecting frame 13, a slider 14 and a guide rail 2, and the ring gear 11 consists of an upper half ring gear, a lower half ring gear, The right linear rack and the left linear rack are composed of four parts, the ring gear 11 is welded on the ring gear fixing frame 12, the ring gear fixing frame 12 is embedded in the polished rod connecting frame 13, and the lower end of the polished rod connecting frame 13 is symmetrically installed with two A polished rod holder 26, the ring gear fixing frame 12 can move horizontally in the polished rod connecting frame 13, the upper and lower inner sides of the polished rod connecting frame 13 are provided with sliding grooves, and the top and bottom of the ring gear fixing frame 12 can be in the sliding grooves Two semicircular sliders 14 are respectively installed on both sides of the polished rod connecting frame 13, the guide rail groove 23 of the guide rail 2 is a semicircular groove, and the guide rail 2 is welded on the base 21 and the high platform 15. The transmission mechanism is that the output shaft of the variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 is connected with the first pulley 22, and is driven by the synchronous belt 6, and the second pulley 5 is connected with the worm gear box 10 and the worm shaft, and the worm gear box output shaft 18 It is directly connected with the gear shaft 17 through the coupling 4, the gear shaft is mounted with a gear 20, and the gear 20 meshes with the ring gear 11; the balance mechanism includes a super capacitor 19, and the escalator 8 is installed on the worm gear and worm drive for oil pumping On the left side of the machine support frame 1, two bearing seats 3 are installed symmetrically on the high platform 15, which are used for fixing the gear shaft 17. The gear shaft 17 is installed with a sleeve 25 for axially fixing the gear 20, so To ensure that the gear 20 only rotates, the polished rod 24 is fixedly installed on the lower end of the polished rod connecting frame 13 of the annular reversing mechanism through the polished rod holder 26, and the polished rod holder 26 can be disassembled for the convenience of workover work. For the balance mechanism, the gravitational potential energy of the annular reversing mechanism is charged to the supercapacitor 19 through the charge and discharge controller arranged in the supercapacitor 19 during the downstroke of the pumping unit, and is stored in the supercapacitor in the form of electrical energy. In the process of upstroke, the electric energy stored in the super capacitor and the power supply are jointly supplied to the variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 to work.

The operation process of the present invention is described in detail below:

The frequency conversion speed regulation motor 9 is started, the output shaft of the frequency conversion speed regulation motor 9 rotates, and the power is transmitted to the worm gear reducer 10 through the belt drive, thereby driving the gear shaft 17 and the gear 20 to rotate. Taking the position shown in FIG. 5 as an example, the initial position of the gear 20 is to mesh with the right end linear rack portion of the ring gear 11 , and the ring gear 11 is located at the leftmost position of the polished rod connecting frame 13 . The gear 20 rotates clockwise, the linear rack moves downward, and the ring gear fixing frame 12 fixed with the ring gear 11 also moves downward. , so the polished rod connecting frame 13 can only move up and down along the rail 2 in the vertical plane, and the ring gear fixing frame 12 is embedded in the polished rod connecting frame 13, so the polished rod connecting frame 13 also moves downward; the gear 20 continues to rotate Meshing with the right end of the upper half ring gear, the ring gear fixing frame 12 moves to the right in the polished rod connecting frame 13, and at the same time the ring gear fixing frame 12 and the polished rod connecting frame 13 move downward together; when it reaches the apex of the upper half ring gear, the ring reverses direction The mechanism is in the lowest position, that is, the polished rod 24 is in the lowest position, and the pumping unit completes the downstroke; the gear 20 meshes with the left half of the upper half ring gear, the ring gear fixing frame 12 moves to the right in the polished rod connecting frame 13, and the ring gear The fixed frame 12 and the polished rod connecting frame 13 move upward at the same time, and the pumping unit starts to work on the upward stroke; when the gear 20 starts to mesh with the linear rack at the left end, the ring gear fixing frame 12 moves to the far right end of the polished rod connecting frame 13, and simultaneously upwards Movement; the gear 20 continues to rotate and meshes with the lower half ring gear, the ring gear fixing frame 12 moves leftward in the polished rod connecting frame 13, and moves upward at the same time; when the gear 20 moves to the lowest end of the lower half ring gear, the ring reverses direction The mechanism is in the highest position, that is, the polished rod 24 is in the highest position, and the pumping unit completes the up-stroke work.

During the downstroke of the pumping unit, the variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 is in a power generation state, and the gravitational potential energy of the annular commutation mechanism is charged to the supercapacitor 19 through the charge and discharge controller, and stored in the supercapacitor 19 in the form of electrical energy; During the process, the variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 is in a state of power consumption, and the electric energy stored in the supercapacitor 19 and the power supply are jointly supplied to the variable frequency speed regulating motor 9 to work.

Claims (5)

1. a worm gear and worm drive oil pumping unit is characterized in that, comprising a frame, the frame is provided with a transmission mechanism, and the output end of the transmission mechanism is connected with an annular reversing mechanism for controlling the movement of a sucker rod to carry out oil pumping; The frame includes a base (21), a high platform (15) and a low platform (16) are provided on the base (21) through a platform support frame (1), and a circular reversing mechanism is provided on the high platform (15) for installing the through hole; The transmission mechanism comprises a variable frequency speed regulation motor (9) and a worm gear reducer (10) arranged on the low platform (16), the output end of the variable frequency speed regulation motor (9) is connected with a first pulley (22), and the worm gear The worm shaft of the worm reducer (10) is connected with a second pulley (5), and the first pulley (22) and the second pulley (5) are connected through a timing belt (6), and the worm gear reducer (10) The output end of the motor is connected to the annular reversing mechanism through the coupling (4); the speed regulating motor (9) is connected with a super capacitor (19) for storing and releasing electric energy; The annular reversing mechanism includes two guide rails (2) connected between the high platform (15) and the base (21), and a polished rod connecting frame (13) is provided between the two guide rails (2) through the slider (14). ), two polished rod holders (26) are symmetrically mounted on the lower end of the polished rod connecting frame (13), and the polished rod holders (26) are used to fix the polished rod (24) connecting the sucker rod, and the polished rod connecting frame (13) ) is embedded with a ring gear fixing frame (12) capable of horizontal movement in the polished rod connecting frame (13), a ring gear (11) is fixed in the ring gear fixing frame (12), and a ring gear (11) is provided with the same The meshing gear (20) is driven by a gear shaft (17) connected with the coupling (4), and two gear shafts (17) are symmetrically mounted on the high platform (15) for fixing the gear shaft (17). Bearing seat (3). 2. a kind of worm gear and worm drive pumping unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, variable frequency speed regulation motor (9), worm gear reducer (10) and super capacitor (19) all pass through the transmission support frame (7) ) is attached to the lower platform (16). 3. A worm gear pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that a sleeve (25) is installed on the gear shaft (17). 4. A worm gear pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that an escalator (8) is arranged between the low platform (16) and the base (21). 5. An oil pumping method using a worm gear driven oil pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, starting the variable frequency speed regulating motor (9), the output shaft of the variable frequency speed regulating motor (9) rotates, and passes The belt drive transmits power to the worm gear reducer (10), thereby driving the gear shaft (17) and the gear (20) to rotate. When the gear (20) rotates, it drives the ring gear (11) to move, and the ring gear (11) moves during the movement process. Drive the ring gear fixing frame (12) to move, then the ring gear fixing frame (12) moves horizontally in the polished rod connecting frame (13), and the ring gear fixing frame (12) drives the polished rod connecting frame (13) in the guide rail (2). The polished rod (24) is moved up and down, and then the polished rod (24) is driven to reciprocate by the polished rod holder (26), and the polished rod (24) is driven to reciprocate the sucker rod to perform oil pumping.

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