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CN109264740A - A kind of preparation method and application of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method and application of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve Download PDF

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CN109264740A
CN109264740A CN201811154321.1A CN201811154321A CN109264740A CN 109264740 A CN109264740 A CN 109264740A CN 201811154321 A CN201811154321 A CN 201811154321A CN 109264740 A CN109264740 A CN 109264740A
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solution
sapo
nanometer
molecular sieve
stirring
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康金灿
王子薇
刘志铭
张庆红
王野
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Xiamen University
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    • C01B37/06Aluminophosphates containing other elements, e.g. metals, boron
    • C01B37/08Silicoaluminophosphates [SAPO compounds], e.g. CoSAPO
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    • B01J29/85Silicoaluminophosphates [SAPO compounds]
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Abstract

The preparation method and application of a kind of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, is related to catalyst.Nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve is with a thickness of 10~100nm, and average grain diameter is the nanometer sheet of 300nm~1 μm.Silicon source is added to the water, stirs, is configured to solution 1;Silicon source is added in solution 1, stirring is configured to solution 2;Template is added in solution 2, stirring is configured to solution 3;Inhibitor is added in solution 3, stirring is configured to solution 4;Phosphorus source is added in solution 4, stirring is configured to solution 5;Solution 5 is placed in water-bath, heating stirring obtains gel;Gained gel is added to the water, is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, heats, reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, is washed, dry, roasting obtains a nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve.The nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve is applied in the reaction for preparing light olefins from methanol, i.e. MTO reaction.

Description

A kind of preparation method and application of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve
Technical field
The present invention relates to catalyst, more particularly, to a kind of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve and the preparation method and application thereof.
Background technique
SAPO-34 molecular sieve is a kind of micro-pore zeolite molecular sieve with CHA topological structure, since it has suitable acid The advantages that intensity, good hydrothermal stability, shows good catalytic performance in methanol-to-olefins (MTO) reaction.So And the SAPO-34 molecule sieve size of conventional method preparation is larger, is all cube or cuboid, granularity is usually in 1~5 μ M causes the utilization rate of its active sites lower, and its micropore canals is long and narrow, and it is short etc. to will lead to MTO reaction easy in inactivation, single pass life Problem.Studies have shown that reducing SAPO-34 zeolite crystal size, the resistance to mass tranfer in reaction, intensified response process can reduce In diffusion, so as to achieve the effect that reduce carbon distribution, extend catalyst life.
Currently, researchers mainly use mixed templates method, Microwave-assisted firing method, SAPO-34 crystal seed method, ultrasound point The methods of arching pushing synthesizes a nanometer SAPO-34.Such as, Shima Masoumi etc. (Applied Catalysis A General, 2015,493:103-111) synthesized using mixed templates (diethylamine, triethylamine, tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide, morpholine) SAPO-34 size is 0.64~3.25 μm.Hendrik van Heyden etc. (Chemistry of Materials, 2008,20 (9): 2956-2963) according to micro-wave oven hydro-thermal process molecular sieve, the SAPO-34 size synthesized is 100nm Cube, they have found compared with traditional hydrothermal synthesis, and micro-wave oven hydro-thermal process energy utilization rate is high, the nanometer synthesized SAPO-34 has the characteristics that rapidly and uniformly nucleation rate, regular appearance.(the Chemical Communications such as Chen 2017,53 (100): 13328) using the method for addition crystal seed SAPO-34 come synthesis of molecular sieve, the SAPO-34 size that synthesizes Size is 100-600nm.(2012,19 (3): Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 554) utilizes ultrasound to S.Askari etc. Method synthesizes nanometer SAPO-34, and obtained SAPO-34 is the spherical shape of 100~600nm size, they have found to synthesize using ultrasonic method Molecular sieve has the characteristics that simple and effective, molecular sieve size is adjustable.
The above method has been achieved with significant achievement, but still has certain difficulty, for example Microwave-assisted firing method synthesizes Technical requirements are high, and cost is big;The molecule sieve size that mixed templates method, SAPO-34 crystal seed method and ultrasonic dispersion synthesize compared with Greatly, unevenly the features such as, can not achieve industrialization.This application provides the synthetic method of a kind of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, Inhibitor is added, and passes through the ratio of modulation template and inhibitor, is synthesized with a thickness of nanoscale lamella pattern molecular sieve, Reactivity worth is improved, the service life of catalyst is substantially extended.And preparation process is simple, at low cost, yield is higher, is suitble to big rule Mould industrial production.
Summary of the invention
The first object of the present invention, which is to provide, can reach reduction carbon distribution, enhance a kind of nanometer of SAPO-34 of service life effect Molecular sieve.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the preparation method of a kind of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
The third object of the present invention is to provide the application of a kind of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
The nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve is with a thickness of 10~100nm, and average grain diameter is the nanometer sheet of 300nm~1 μm.
The preparation method of the nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve the following steps are included:
1) silicon source is added to the water, stirs, is configured to solution 1;
In step 1), source of aluminium can be selected from boehmite, aluminium isopropoxide, sodium aluminate, activated alumina, alkoxy At least one of aluminium etc.;The concentration of volume percent of the solution 1 can be 3%~10%, time of the stirring can for 1~ 10h。
2) silicon source is added in solution 1, stirring is configured to solution 2;
In step 2), the silicon source can be selected from silica solution, ethyl orthosilicate, sodium metasilicate, fumed silica, activity two At least one of silica etc.;The molar ratio of the silicon source and silicon source can be 0.06~0.6, and the time of the stirring can be 1 ~10h.
3) template is added in solution 2, stirring is configured to solution 3;
In step 3), the template can be selected from tetraethylammonium bromide, dimethyl stearyl [3- (trimethoxy silicon Base) propyl] ammonium chloride (TPOAC), dimethyl hexadecyl base [3- (trimethoxy silicon substrate) propyl] ammonium chloride (TPHAC), 16 Alkyl trimethoxy ammonium bromide (CTAB), diethylamine (DEA), triethylamine (TEA), morpholine (MOR), tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide At least one of (TEAOH) etc.;The molar ratio of the template and silicon source can be 0.05~4.0, and the time of the stirring is 1 ~5h.
4) inhibitor is added in solution 3, stirring is configured to solution 4;
In step 4), the inhibitor can be selected from polyethylene glycol (PEG), dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether (Brij-35), At least one of methylenum careuleum (MB) etc.;The molar ratio of the inhibitor and silicon source can be 0.02~0.6, the time of the stirring It can be 1~3h.
5) phosphorus source is added in solution 4, stirring is configured to solution 5;
In step 5), phosphorus source can be selected from least one in phosphoric acid, phosphate, phosphite, tributyl phosphate etc. Kind;The molar ratio of phosphorus source and silicon source can be 0.05~2.0, and the time of the stirring can be 10~36h.
6) solution 5 is placed in water-bath, heating stirring obtains gel;
In step 6), the temperature of the heating can be 60~100 DEG C, and the time of the stirring can be 0.5~5h.
7) gel obtained by step 6) is added to the water, is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, adds Reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature by heat, is washed, dry, and roasting obtains a nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
In step 7), the mass ratio of the water and gel can be (10~20) ︰ 1;The condition of the heating can be in baking oven In in 170~220 DEG C of 6~96h of heating;The condition of the drying can in a vacuum drying oven dry 6 at 80~120 DEG C~ 12h;The roasting can be roasted in Muffle furnace, wherein maturing temperature can be 400~600 DEG C, and the rate of roasting can be 2~3 DEG C/min, the time of roasting can be 2~8h.
The nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve can answer in the reaction for preparing light olefins from methanol (ethylene, propylene, butylene) With i.e. MTO reaction.The step of application, is as follows:
Nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve is fitted into fixed bed high pressure microreactor, MTO reaction, reaction condition are carried out are as follows: Methanol is carried by nitrogen, and methanol quality air speed is 2.0~4.0h-1, nitrogen volume space velocity is 5000~8000h-1, reaction temperature It is 400~450 DEG C, the reaction time is 10h or more.
The nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve can characterize it by the method for X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) Crystal structure, pattern size.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve provided by the invention is mainly reflected in following Aspect:
(1) catalyst provided by the invention has excellent catalytic performance in MTO reaction, so that C2-4Olefine selective Up to 85% or more.
(2) by changing different templates agent, the conditions such as inhibitor, can effectively the partial size to SAPO-34 molecular sieve into Row regulation, changes its thickness between 300nm~1 μm in 10~100nm, average grain diameter.
(3) the nanometer SAPO-34 molecule sieve size produced is smaller, improves conversion ratio and selectivity in reaction, greatly Width extends the service life of catalyst.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the embodiment of the present invention 1~6 and comparative example 1 are related to the XRD spectra of catalyst.
Fig. 2 is 1 scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the system for provided a kind of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve that present invention be described in more detail Preparation Method and catalytic applications.
Embodiment 1
It weighs 3.4g boehmite to be added in 39.6g deionized water, stirs 2h at room temperature, form solution 1;It weighs The silica solution of 0.6g is added in solution 1, stirs 2h at room temperature, forms solution 2;The tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide for weighing 21.2g adds Enter into solution 2, stir 2h, forms solution 3;It weighs 0.39g polyethylene glycol to be added in solution 3, stirs 2h, form solution 4; It weighs 4.62g phosphoric acid to be added in solution 4, stirs 36h at room temperature, form solution 5;Solution 5 is put into water-bath, 90 DEG C Lower stirring 4h forms gel;The deionized water of 40g is added in gel, then its whole is transferred to polytetrafluoroethyl-ne In the stainless steel cauldron of alkene liner, heated for 24 hours at 180 DEG C;Reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, mother liquor centrifugation is taken out, by it Then centrifuge washing puts it into dry 8h under 100 DEG C of baking oven to neutrality;By gained sample as in dry air, with 3 DEG C/heating rate of min rises to 600 DEG C of roasting 8h, the solid sample after roasting is formed, sieving obtains 30~60 purposes Grain, as molecular sieve are labeled as SAPO-34-1.Scanning electron microscope (SEM) photo is as shown in Fig. 2, SEM photograph shows that product is to receive Rice sheet.
The catalysis reaction carries out in fixed bed high pressure microreactor, which is characterized in that it is low to be mainly used for methanol system Carbene hydrocarbon reaction, steps are as follows: weighing 1.0g molecular sieve and is fitted into fixed bed high pressure microreactor, carries out MTO reaction.Reaction Condition are as follows: methanol is carried by nitrogen, and methanol quality air speed is 2.0~4.0h-1, nitrogen volume space velocity is 5000~8000h-1, instead Answering temperature is 400~450 DEG C, and the reaction time is 10h or more.Specific reactivity worth is listed in Table 1 below.
Embodiment 2
It weighs 3.4g boehmite to be added in 39.6g deionized water, stirs 2h at room temperature, form solution 1;It weighs The silica solution of 0.6g is added in solution 1, stirs 2h at room temperature, forms solution 2;The tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide for weighing 21.2g adds Enter into solution 2, stir 2h, forms solution 3;It weighs 1.32g polyethylene glycol to be added in solution 3, stirs 2h, form solution 4; It weighs 4.62g phosphoric acid to be added in solution 4, stirs 36h at room temperature, form solution 5;Solution 5 is put into water-bath, 90 DEG C Lower stirring 4h forms gel;The deionized water of 40g is added in gel, then its whole is transferred to polytetrafluoroethyl-ne In the stainless steel cauldron of alkene liner, heated for 24 hours at 180 DEG C;Reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, mother liquor centrifugation is taken out, by it Then centrifuge washing puts it into dry 8h under 100 DEG C of baking oven to neutrality;By gained sample as in dry air, with 3 DEG C/heating rate of min rises to 600 DEG C of roasting 8h, the solid sample after roasting is formed, sieving obtains 30~60 purposes Grain, as molecular sieve are labeled as SAPO-34-2.Catalysis reaction is carried out in fixed bed high pressure microreactor, reaction condition and For product analysis with embodiment 1, reactivity worth is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
It weighs 3.4g boehmite to be added in 39.6g deionized water, stirs 2h at room temperature, form solution 1;It weighs The silica solution of 0.6g is added in solution 1, stirs 2h at room temperature, forms solution 2;The tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide for weighing 21.2g adds Enter into solution 2, stir 2h, forms solution 3;It weighs 1.98g polyethylene glycol to be added in solution 3, stirs 2h, form solution 4; It weighs 4.62g phosphoric acid to be added in solution 4, stirs 36h at room temperature, form solution 5;Solution 5 is put into water-bath, 90 DEG C Lower stirring 4h forms gel;The deionized water of 40g is added in gel, then its whole is transferred to polytetrafluoroethyl-ne In the stainless steel cauldron of alkene liner, heated for 24 hours at 180 DEG C;Reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, mother liquor centrifugation is taken out, by it Then centrifuge washing puts it into dry 8h under 100 DEG C of baking oven to neutrality;By gained sample as in dry air, with 3 DEG C/heating rate of min rises to 600 DEG C of roasting 8h, the solid sample after roasting is formed, sieving obtains 30~60 purposes Grain, as molecular sieve are labeled as SAPO-34-3.Catalysis reaction is carried out in fixed bed high pressure microreactor, reaction condition and For product analysis with embodiment 1, reactivity worth is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4
It weighs 3.4g boehmite to be added in 39.6g deionized water, stirs 2h at room temperature, form solution 1;It weighs The silica solution of 0.6g is added in solution 1, stirs 2h at room temperature, forms solution 2;The tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide for weighing 21.2g adds Enter into solution 2, stir 2h, forms solution 3;It weighs 3.96g polyethylene glycol to be added in solution 3, stirs 2h, form solution 4; It weighs 4.62g phosphoric acid to be added in solution 4, stirs 36h at room temperature, form solution 5;Solution 5 is put into water-bath, 90 DEG C Lower stirring 4h forms gel;The deionized water of 40g is added in gel, then its whole is transferred to polytetrafluoroethyl-ne In the stainless steel cauldron of alkene liner, heated for 24 hours at 180 DEG C;Reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, mother liquor centrifugation is taken out, by it Then centrifuge washing puts it into dry 8h under 100 DEG C of baking oven to neutrality;By gained sample as in dry air, with 3 DEG C/heating rate of min rises to 600 DEG C of roasting 8h, the solid sample after roasting is formed, sieving obtains 30~60 purposes Grain, as molecular sieve are labeled as SAPO-34-4.Catalysis reaction is carried out in fixed bed high pressure microreactor, reaction condition and For product analysis with embodiment 1, reactivity worth is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 5
Step in the present embodiment with it is identical in embodiment 2, unlike: template by 21.2g tetraethyl Ammonium hydroxide changes into the triethylamine of 9.51g, is labeled as SAPO-34-5.Catalysis reaction is in fixed bed high pressure microreactor It carries out, with embodiment 1, reactivity worth is shown in Table 1 for reaction condition and product analysis.
Embodiment 6
Step in the present embodiment with it is identical in embodiment 2, unlike: silicon source by 3.4g boehmite It is changed to the aluminium isopropoxide of 5.2g, is labeled as SAPO-34-6.Catalysis reaction carries out in fixed bed high pressure microreactor, reacts With embodiment 1, reactivity worth is shown in Table 1 for condition and product analysis.
Comparative example 1
It weighs 3.4g boehmite to be added in 39.6g deionized water, stirs 2h at room temperature, form solution 1;It weighs The silica solution of 0.6g is added in solution 1, stirs 2h at room temperature, forms solution 2;The tetraethyl ammonium hydroxide for weighing 21.2g adds Enter into solution 2, stir 2h, forms solution 3;It weighs 4.62g phosphoric acid to be added in solution 3, stirs 36h at room temperature, formed molten Liquid 4;Solution 4 is put into water-bath, 4h is stirred at 90 DEG C, forms gel;The deionized water of 40g is added in gel, Then its whole is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, is heated for 24 hours at 180 DEG C;It will reaction Kettle is cooled to room temperature, and takes out mother liquor centrifugation, then its centrifuge washing to neutrality is put it into dry under 100 DEG C of baking oven 8h;By gained sample as in dry air, 600 DEG C of roasting 8h are risen to the heating rate of 3 DEG C/min, by the solid after roasting Sample formation, sieving obtain the particle of 30~60 mesh, as molecular sieve, are labeled as SAPO-34-7.Catalysis reaction is in the fixed height of bed It is carried out in pressure microreactor, with embodiment 1, reactivity worth is shown in Table 1 for reaction condition and product analysis.
Table 1
Fig. 1 provides the embodiment of the present invention 1~6 and comparative example 1 is related to the XRD spectra of catalyst.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that with a thickness of 10~100nm, average grain diameter is 300nm~1 μm Nanometer sheet.
2. the preparation method of as described in claim 1 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that the following steps are included:
1) silicon source is added to the water, stirs, is configured to solution 1;
2) silicon source is added in solution 1, stirring is configured to solution 2;
3) template is added in solution 2, stirring is configured to solution 3;
4) inhibitor is added in solution 3, stirring is configured to solution 4;
5) phosphorus source is added in solution 4, stirring is configured to solution 5;
6) solution 5 is placed in water-bath, heating stirring obtains gel;
7) gel obtained by step 6) is added to the water, is transferred in the stainless steel cauldron with polytetrafluoroethyllining lining, heated, it will Reaction kettle is cooled to room temperature, and is washed, dry, and roasting obtains a nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve.
3. the preparation method of as claimed in claim 2 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that in step 1), the aluminium Source is selected from least one of boehmite, aluminium isopropoxide, sodium aluminate, activated alumina, aluminum alkoxide;The solution 1 Concentration of volume percent is 3%~10%, and the time of the stirring is 1~10h.
4. the preparation method of as claimed in claim 2 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that in step 2), the silicon Source is selected from least one of silica solution, ethyl orthosilicate, sodium metasilicate, fumed silica, active silica;The silicon source Molar ratio with silicon source is 0.06~0.6, and the time of the stirring is 1~10h.
5. the preparation method of as claimed in claim 2 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that in step 3), the mould Plate agent is selected from tetraethylammonium bromide, dimethyl stearyl [3- (trimethoxy silicon substrate) propyl] ammonium chloride, dimethyl hexadecyl Base [3- (trimethoxy silicon substrate) propyl] ammonium chloride, hexadecyl trimethoxy ammonium bromide, diethylamine, triethylamine, morpholine, tetrem At least one of base ammonium hydroxide;The molar ratio of the template and silicon source is 0.05~4.0, and the time of the stirring is 1 ~5h.
6. the preparation method of as claimed in claim 2 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that in step 4), the suppression Preparation is selected from least one of polyethylene glycol, dodecyl polyoxyethylene ether, methylenum careuleum;Mole of the inhibitor and silicon source Than being 0.02~0.6, the time of the stirring is 1~3h.
7. the preparation method of as claimed in claim 2 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that in step 5), the phosphorus Source is selected from least one of phosphoric acid, phosphate, phosphite, tributyl phosphate;The molar ratio of phosphorus source and silicon source is 0.05~2.0, the time of the stirring is 10~36h.
8. the preparation method of as claimed in claim 2 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that described to add in step 6) The temperature of heat is 60~100 DEG C, and the time of the stirring is 0.5~5h.
9. the preparation method of as claimed in claim 2 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve, it is characterised in that in step 7), the water Mass ratio with gel is (10~20) ︰ 1;The condition of the heating is in an oven in 170~220 DEG C of 6~96h of heating;Institute Stating dry condition is to dry 6~12h at 80~120 DEG C in a vacuum drying oven;The roasting is roasted in Muffle furnace It burns, wherein maturing temperature is 400~600 DEG C, and the rate of roasting is 2~3 DEG C/min, and the time of roasting is 2~8h.
10. as described in claim 1 nanometer of SAPO-34 molecular sieve is applied in the reaction for preparing light olefins from methanol, i.e. MTO Reaction;The step of application, is as follows:
Nanometer SAPO-34 molecular sieve is fitted into fixed bed high pressure microreactor, MTO reaction, reaction condition are as follows: methanol are carried out It is carried by nitrogen, methanol quality air speed is 2.0~4.0h-1, nitrogen volume space velocity is 5000~8000h-1, reaction temperature 400 ~450 DEG C, the reaction time is 10h or more;The low-carbon alkene includes ethylene, propylene or butylene.
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