CN109261696B - Comprehensive utilization production process for incineration treatment of household garbage - Google Patents
Comprehensive utilization production process for incineration treatment of household garbage Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive utilization production process for incineration treatment of household garbage, which specifically comprises the following steps: (1) primary crushing of mixed garbage: primarily crushing the household garbage material in a sealed crushing device; (2) screening: removing soil and leachate from the materials through a sealed screening device, and recovering and treating the soil and the leachate; (3) material storage: the materials enter a sealed storage bin through a sealed channel, and leachate water and waste gas are recovered; (4) iron removal: uniformly conveying the materials in the sealed storage bin to a deironing device, and enabling iron blocks to fall into a specified storage bin when the materials reach a magnetic failure position; other mixed garbage materials are sent to the next working section by a sealed conveyer; (5) then the treatment steps of mixed garbage water washing classification, squeezing dehydration, drying, air separation screening, block material treatment and the like are sequentially performed, and finally the garbage classification treatment is finished. The process can improve the stability and the service life of the boiler, eliminate dioxin toxic gas and improve the utilization and the yield of clean energy of the methane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage incineration treatment methods, and particularly relates to a comprehensive utilization production process for household garbage incineration treatment.
Background
The living standard of urban and rural areas in China is improved, the yield of domestic garbage is increased day by day, and the burden is caused to the beautiful living environment. The government pays attention to the treatment of the domestic garbage, the treatment mode is generally mainly landfill and incineration power generation, but the landfill process is not ideal, the air pollution is serious, and the bodies of workers in the site cannot be guaranteed. The sanitary landfill technology of domestic garbage in China starts at the end of the 80 th 20 th century, and the issuance of the standard in the first sanitary landfill technical standard of China (CJJ 17-88) by the Ministry of construction indicates that China formally enters the sanitary landfill stage characterized by the harmless treatment of the domestic garbage. However, as the amount of domestic garbage increases year by year, the amount of stored garbage in a designed landfill is limited, and the landfill is full. The pollution to the surrounding environment and underground water is serious, and the method is an sustainable development mode.
The household garbage combustible material incineration power generation and the classification recycling of the renewable resources are the best direction for sustainable development; the difficult problem of waste classification can not be solved, and the mixed waste incineration mode is an obstacle which puzzles an incineration power generation enterprise. The process of mixing and incinerating the garbage has high energy consumption, insufficient combustible combustion, high dioxin index, and extremely bad and undesirable effects of building garbage (non-combustible) in the mixed garbage in a hearth, so that the service life of a boiler is greatly reduced. High maintenance cost, high energy consumption and the like are the sources of profits for garbage power enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive utilization production process for incineration treatment of household garbage, which can prolong the service life of a boiler, reduce indexes of dioxin gas and improve the yield of methane.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a comprehensive utilization production process for incinerating domestic garbage comprises the following specific steps:
(1) primary crushing of mixed garbage: the household garbage materials are primarily crushed in the sealed crushing device, so that the uniform shapes of the materials are realized;
(2) screening: removing soil and leachate from the primarily crushed material through a sealed screening device, and recovering the soil and the leachate;
(3) material storage: the materials enter a sealed storage bin through a sealed channel, and leachate water and waste gas are recovered;
(4) iron removal: uniformly conveying the materials in the sealed storage bin to an iron removal device, sucking the iron blocks when the iron blocks travel to a strong magnetic point position, and enabling the iron blocks to fall into a specified storage bin when the iron blocks reach a magnetic failure position; other mixed garbage materials are sent to the next working section by a sealed conveyer;
(5) washing and classifying mixed garbage: when mixed garbage materials enter a mixed garbage classification device, feeding materials are conveyed from the previous working section in a sealed mode, the materials enter an operation area after being weighed by a belt, the materials enter the operation area and automatically generate a layered state after entering water, classification and cleaning are carried out by utilizing a physical principle, the materials are automatically recycled in a layered mode by a classification device, and combustible materials and organic matters are conveyed to a squeezing dehydration device by the conveying device; the conveying device conveys the non-combustible materials and the metal to the metal extraction device; the circulating pump set sends the soil, the leachate and the cleaning dirty water into a clarification tank, the circulating water can be recycled, the bottom precipitated liquid is recycled into a container before distillation for standby, the supplementary water is added at the same time, and the robot recovers the surface floating materials and sends the surface floating materials into a dewatering device;
(6) squeezing and dewatering: removing water in combustible materials and organic matters through a squeezing dehydration device, extracting organic matter components, sending liquid components into a container for uniform sterilization before distillation sterilization through a pipe network recovery system, and sending dehydrated materials to a drying device for drying treatment;
(7) drying: the dehydrated materials enter a drying device, the moisture in the materials is evaporated in a sealed suspension state by adopting a rotary drying method, and the dried materials are hermetically sent to a winnowing screening device;
(8) air separation and screening: the method comprises the following steps of (1) reserving blocky materials in the air separation and screening process, and conveying the blocky materials to a plastic extraction furnace in a sealed manner;
(9) treating the block-shaped materials: and (3) sealing the blocky materials and feeding the blocky materials to a plastic extraction furnace to produce mixed plastic particles, carrying out oil-gas separation and oil capture processes on gas generated in the production process of the plastic extraction furnace to extract mixed oil, feeding the separated mixed gas into a garbage incineration boiler for incineration, feeding slag after the plastic extraction of the plastic extraction furnace into the boiler for incineration and power generation.
The present invention is also characterized in that,
and (2) in the step (2), the soil and leachate removed by the sealing and screening device are sent into a specified container at the front end of the distillation treatment through a pipe network recovery system, and are recovered and sent to a bacterium cultivation area for fermentation and bacterium cultivation after the high-temperature and high-pressure distillation treatment.
In the step (3), gas generated after the material enters the sealed storage bin is preheated by a gas recovery system at the top of the bin and then is used as combustion-supporting gas to be sent to a boiler; leachate and muddy water generated after the materials enter the sealed storage bin are conveyed to a specified container at the front end of the distillation treatment through a recovery device system at the bottom of the bin, and are conveyed to a culture area after the distillation treatment at high temperature and high pressure.
In the step (7), water vapor evaporated in the drying process is separated by a spin dryer, enters a container below the spin dryer, is recycled and conveyed to a container before distillation sterilization, is uniformly treated by a distillation sterilization process and is conveyed to a bacterium cultivation area for use; gas generated in the drying process is sent into a front preheater of the waste incineration boiler through a pipe network recovery system, and all recovered gas is preheated by the preheater and then supplied to the boiler for combustion-supporting incineration; and (3) feeding the fine materials generated in the rotary drying process into a fine material area below the air separation screening device, conveying the fine materials to a bin of a waste incineration boiler, and combining incineration and power generation.
And (8) separating gas and materials generated in the winnowing and screening process through a two-stage cyclone discharger, recycling the gas, and supplying the recovered part of redundant gas to a preheater in front of the garbage incinerator and supplying the gas to the boiler for combustion supporting after preheating.
In the step (9), the treatment process of the blocky materials is as follows: and in a sealed anaerobic stewing state, melting the plastic into liquid at the temperature of the furnace fire heat conductor, enabling the liquid to flow out of the furnace body through the diversion net pipeline, enabling the plastic liquid in the pipeline to flow into the heat-preservation filtering container, and enabling the filtered plastic liquid to flow out through the valve for cooling to produce plastic particles.
Liquid water and leachate mud water squeezed from organic matters and urban sewer pipe network sludge are conveyed to a container before distillation through a recovery system, and after a high-temperature distillation sterilization process at 700 ℃, the recovered liquid is conveyed to a culture area for biological culture, plant corn straws are added in proportion, toilet pipe network materials in a living area, cow dung and sheep dung enter a hotbed type culture room, and culture is carried out at a constant temperature of 38 ℃; when the materials have the condition of generating the biogas, the materials are sent into an automatic biogas generator area to generate the biogas in groups, and the generated biogas is sent into a biogas cabinet container for standby after being desulfurized and denitrated through a biogas generator pipeline system.
And the non-combustible materials and the metal separated in the step (5) enter a metal classification device, the metal classification device walks, a metal detector sends out an instruction when finding metals, a robot finishes a sorting action, and the metals in the non-combustible materials are sorted out and put into a warehouse for quantitative sale.
Feeding the non-combustible materials into a glass extraction furnace, processing the non-combustible materials by the glass extraction furnace, and putting the glass into a warehouse for quantitative sale; and other residual materials are used for making bricks.
The comprehensive utilization production process for the incineration treatment of the household garbage has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the domestic garbage is eliminated at one time, odor in a production link is recovered, metal and regenerated plastic extraction particles are recovered, methane, charcoal and carbide carbon deposition waste gas are returned to a furnace to replace fire coal, the environment of a garbage pit is improved, the environments of a factory and a production workshop are improved, the environment in the boiler is improved, the service life of the boiler is prolonged, the index of dioxin gas is reduced, leachate, enterprise sewage, turbine circulating wastewater and municipal sludge are treated by an automatic anaerobic methane generator to reach the zero emission standard, the methane generator automatically feeds and discharges the slag, the methane yield is continuously produced, the methane generator burns and generates electricity, the income of enterprises is increased, and slag and ash building garbage are secondarily utilized to support the pavement bricks through high-temperature dry distillation treatment;
(2) the process has high automation degree, the whole production line is produced in a fully sealed state, the DCS control center is used for full coverage control, the DCS control system and the monitoring system are displayed on a large screen to cover each operating point, the broadcasting system commands the garbage transport vehicles to unload in sequence, and the network system can be connected with a government network to transmit data constantly.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following embodiments.
The invention relates to a comprehensive utilization production process for incineration treatment of household garbage, which is divided into four areas A/B/C/D, wherein the area A is as follows: is responsible for primarily crushing the mixed domestic garbage, putting the crushed domestic garbage into a bin for storage, removing iron, classifying the mixed garbage, and dehydrating and drying the materials; and a B region: the system is responsible for high-temperature distillation and sterilization treatment of liquid, equal proportion mixing of the liquid and biomass corn straws, bacteria cultivation and fermentation at constant temperature, automatic anaerobic production of biogas, production of a large amount of organic fertilizers in the biogas production process, conditioning and storage of organic fertilizers, purification and storage of biogas, and supply of the biogas as clean fuel to a boiler for steam power generation; and a C region: the device is responsible for extracting plastic in dried materials, a plastic extraction furnace generates smoke gas for closed purification, mixed oil is extracted, the smoke gas enters a boiler for incineration after oil is captured, and charcoal and carbide carbon deposition waste gas is returned to the boiler for incineration; and (3) region D: is responsible for processing non-combustible materials, crushing the materials, performing high-temperature dry distillation, and matching with natural stone powder and cement to manufacture the road brick;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) primary crushing of mixed garbage: the household garbage materials are primarily crushed in the sealed crushing device, so that the uniform shapes of the materials are realized;
(2) screening: removing soil and leachate from the primarily crushed material through a sealed screening device, and recovering the soil and the leachate;
and (2) in the step (2), the soil and leachate removed by the sealing and screening device are sent into a specified container at the front end of the distillation treatment through a pipe network recovery system, and are recovered and sent to a bacterium cultivation area for fermentation and bacterium cultivation after the high-temperature and high-pressure distillation treatment.
(3) Material storage: the materials enter a sealed storage bin through a sealed channel, and leachate water and waste gas are recovered;
in the step (3), gas generated after the material enters the sealed storage bin is preheated by a gas recovery system at the top of the bin and then is used as combustion-supporting gas to be sent to a boiler; leachate and muddy water generated after the materials enter the sealed storage bin are conveyed to a designated container at the front end of the distillation treatment through a recovery device system at the bottom of the bin, and are conveyed to a culture area after the high-temperature high-pressure distillation treatment;
(4) iron removal: uniformly conveying the materials in the sealed storage bin to an iron removal device, sucking the iron blocks when the iron blocks travel to a strong magnetic point position, and enabling the iron blocks to fall into a specified storage bin when the iron blocks reach a magnetic failure position; other mixed garbage materials are sent to the next working section by a sealed conveyer;
(5) washing and classifying mixed garbage: when mixed garbage materials enter a mixed garbage classification device, feeding materials are conveyed from the previous working section in a sealed mode, the materials enter an operation area after being weighed by a belt, the materials enter the operation area and automatically generate a layered state after entering water, classification and cleaning are carried out by utilizing a physical principle, the materials are automatically recycled in a layered mode by a classification device, and combustible materials and organic matters are conveyed to a squeezing dehydration device by the conveying device; the conveying device conveys the non-combustible materials and the metal to the metal extraction device; the circulating pump set sends the soil, the leachate and the cleaning dirty water into a clarification tank, the circulating water can be recycled, the bottom precipitated liquid is recycled into a container before distillation for standby, the supplementary water is added at the same time, and the robot recovers the surface floating materials and sends the surface floating materials into a dewatering device;
the non-combustible materials and the metal separated in the step (5) enter a metal classification device, a command is sent out when the metal is found by a metal detector in the process of walking in the metal classification device, a robot finishes the sorting action, and the metal is sorted out and put into a bin for quantitative sale;
feeding the non-combustible materials into a glass extraction furnace, processing the non-combustible materials by the glass extraction furnace, and putting the glass into a warehouse for quantitative sale; and other residual materials are used for making bricks.
(6) Squeezing and dewatering: removing water in combustible materials and organic matters through a squeezing dehydration device, extracting organic matter components, sending liquid components into a container for uniform sterilization before distillation sterilization through a pipe network recovery system, and sending dehydrated materials to a drying device for drying treatment;
(7) drying: the dehydrated materials enter a drying device, the moisture in the materials is evaporated in a sealed suspension state by adopting a rotary drying method, and the dried materials are hermetically sent to a winnowing screening device;
in the step (7), water vapor evaporated in the drying process is separated by a spin dryer, enters a container below the spin dryer, is recycled and conveyed to a container before distillation sterilization, is uniformly treated by a distillation sterilization process and is conveyed to a bacterium cultivation area for use; gas generated in the drying process is sent into a front preheater of the waste incineration boiler through a pipe network recovery system, and all recovered gas is preheated by the preheater and then supplied to the boiler for combustion-supporting incineration; and (3) feeding the fine materials generated in the rotary drying process into a fine material area below the air separation screening device, conveying the fine materials to a bin of a waste incineration boiler, and combining incineration and power generation.
(8) Air separation and screening: the method comprises the following steps of (1) reserving blocky materials in the air separation and screening process, and conveying the blocky materials to a plastic extraction furnace in a sealed manner;
in the step (8), gas generated in the winnowing and screening process is subjected to gas-material separation by a two-stage cyclone discharger, the gas is recycled, and part of recovered redundant gas is supplied to a preheater in front of the garbage incineration boiler and is supplied to the boiler for combustion supporting after preheating;
(9) treating the block-shaped materials: sealing the block-shaped materials to a plastic extraction furnace to produce mixed plastic particles, simultaneously carrying out oil-gas separation and oil capture processes on gas generated in the production process of the plastic extraction furnace to extract mixed oil, feeding the separated mixed gas into a garbage incineration boiler for incineration, feeding slag after the plastic extraction of the plastic extraction furnace into the boiler for incineration and power generation;
in the step (9), the treatment process of the blocky materials is as follows: and in a sealed anaerobic stewing state, melting the plastic into liquid at the temperature of the furnace fire heat conductor, enabling the liquid to flow out of the furnace body through the diversion net pipeline, enabling the plastic liquid in the pipeline to flow into the heat-preservation filtering container, and enabling the filtered plastic liquid to flow out through the valve for cooling to produce plastic particles.
Liquid water and leachate mud water squeezed from organic matters and urban sewer pipe network sludge are conveyed to a container before distillation through a recovery system, and after a high-temperature distillation sterilization process at 700 ℃, the recovered liquid is conveyed to a culture area for biological culture, plant corn straws are added in proportion, toilet pipe network materials in a living area, cow dung and sheep dung enter a hotbed type culture room, and culture is carried out at a constant temperature of 38 ℃; when the materials have the condition of generating the biogas, the materials are sent into an automatic biogas generator area to generate the biogas in groups, and the generated biogas is sent into a biogas cabinet container for standby after being desulfurized and denitrated through a biogas generator pipeline system.
The specific properties of the equipment and the relevant processing areas used in the method of the invention are as follows:
1. mix the elementary breaker of rubbish: the method is characterized in that the problem that the mixed household garbage material is irregular in shape is solved, the big-bag and small-bag handbag is shredded, and the material is wood: packing cases, boxes, branches and miscellaneous trees, etc. Rubber type: bicycle tire, electric tire, other rubber products and the like. Glass type: food packaging bottles, wine bottles and cosmetic bottles and glass with various volumes. Plastics: handicraft toy plastics, food packaging plastics, decoration waste plastics and the like. Metals: metallic copper, aluminum, zinc, iron, etc. Cement slag ceramics: cement slag bricks, bowl and dish ceramics, and the like. Accomplish elementary breakage through the sealed breaker of novel automatic switch door, realize that the material physique is unified.
2. Sealing the screening device: the method is characterized in that shaftless screening avoids material winding, soil and seepage liquid water are removed through a sealing screening device, a foundation is made for mixed garbage classification, and the material enters a sealed storage bin through a closed channel. And (3) conveying the leachate soil into a specified container at the front end of distillation treatment through a pipe network recovery system, and recovering and conveying the leachate soil into a bacteria culture area for fermentation and bacteria culture after the leachate soil is subjected to high-temperature and high-pressure distillation treatment.
3. The storage bin is sealed: automatic change sealed storage feed bin, be possess the very integrative novel automation equipment of multiple functions, characteristics are, its is bulky is seen to the outward appearance, hold thousands of cubes's mixed waste material, pack into the feed bin with the rubbish that produces every day in, do not give off poisonous and harmful gas at exposing, the feed bin design has gas recovery system, feed bin top gas recovery piping erection electric regulating valve, differential pressure instrument, temperature instrument, relief valve etc, give DCS control system through instrument detected signal, the system sends out instruction and adjusts gas pressure in the feed bin, give the boiler as combustion-supporting gas after preheating the mixed gas of retrieving, solve and burn the peripheral foul smell of electricity generation production line and factory and smoke day problem, be the source of creating good environment. The easy discharging of feed bin is difficult to be the heaviest, and the key of the industry is how to discharge the material once entering the feed bin. The production line needs continuous flow production of mixed garbage, the garbage materials delivered on the same day are continuously produced and eliminated, and the space of the bin is vacated to meet the requirement that the garbage materials are delivered to the next day and put into the bin. In order to solve the actual problem, through reconnaissance a great deal of domestic waste landfill material, the pertinence research and development is attacked the rubbish and is gone into the storehouse and twined, fluffy stifled novel automatic feed bin, and the innovation point lies in that the layering is stored, the layering is unloaded, and the material gives the feed bin according to the automatic layering of production demand, and each link is accomplished by hydraulic assembly, satisfies production and solves the material simultaneously and deposits the problem. And (3) conveying the leachate muddy water to a specified container at the front end of the distillation treatment through a recovery device system at the bottom of the storage bin, and conveying the leachate muddy water to a culture area to be determined after the high-temperature high-pressure distillation treatment. The feed bin bottom discharge gate position is sealed feed conveyor, evenly carries the material to the deironing device, is in sealed ejection of compact state, and the harmful gas that produces and the gaseous recovery system connection in feed bin top in the production process, gaseous recycle.
4. Novel deironing device: the mixed garbage deironing device operation flow, feed bin export material are sent into the operation district, and the iron plate is held when walking to strong magnetism point position, and the iron plate falls into appointed storage storehouse when reacing disconnected magnetism position. Is characterized in that: the integrated mechanism of sealing operation separates the material that bonds on the iron plate, and the iron plate falls into on the separator, and the separator separates iron plate and bonding material, and each walks and reaches best deironing effect. The other mixed materials are sent to the next working section (mixed garbage classification device) by a sealed conveyor. The odor gas generated in the production process is recycled and conveyed to a pre-heater of the waste incineration and re-boiler by a pipe network recycling system, and is supplied to a boiler for combustion supporting after being preheated. And recovering leachate sewage by a sewage pipe network recovery system, conveying the leachate sewage into a container before the distillation sterilization process, and uniformly sterilizing at high temperature for recycling.
5. Mix waste classification device: the classification of mixed garbage is a key link, and is characterized in that an automatic robot complete device is used, classification principles are recovered in a layering mode, the following operation can be completed, the mixed garbage is various in types, the core effect of the classification device is that one inlet and four outlets are realized, when mixed garbage materials enter the device, the mixed garbage materials are fed from the previous working section in a sealed mode, the mixed garbage materials are weighed through a belt and enter an operation area, the production yield is accumulated constantly, a central control room detects the production condition through computer data and monitoring pictures, the materials enter the operation area, the layered state is automatically generated after water enters, the materials are classified and cleaned by utilizing physical principles, the classification device automatically recovers the materials in a layering mode, and the conveying device conveys combustible materials and organic matters into a squeezing and dewatering device. The conveying device conveys the non-combustible materials and the metal to the metal extraction device. The circulating pump set sends the soil leachate and the cleaning dirty water into a clarification tank, the recyclable water is recycled, the bottom precipitated liquid is recycled to a container before distillation for standby, and simultaneously, the supplementary water is added. The robot retrieves and sends the surface floating material into the dewatering device. Can be divided into four categories of combustible materials, organic materials, non-combustible materials and metals.
6. A squeezing dehydration device: combustible materials and organic matters such as various plastic products, rubber products, wooden packages, leather products, fiber cotton cloth products and the like are separated, and the separated organic matters such as vegetables, melons, fruits, peels and the like enter a squeezing dewatering device. Is characterized in that: the moisture in the material is got rid of, the infiltration waterlogged solution water that the material invaded, the moisture in rotten melon and fruit and various peel, vegetable leaf and the various rotten vegetables that the vegetable market produced every day, various leftover bits that the seafood market produced every day, the incomplete thick soup leftover bits that family and takeaway produced, hold flowers and plants etc. that party and public place produced, these materials are extracted organic matter composition through squeezing dewatering device, liquid composition sends into the distillation by pipe network recovery system and disinfects before disinfecting container unified, the material after the dehydration is carried for drying device, carry out drying process, provide the condition for boiler burning.
7. The dehydrated materials enter a drying device: the drying device is characterized in that the drying device is a rotary drying method, 18% of moisture in the dehydrated material is removed to 3%, the moisture in the material is evaporated in a sealed suspension state, the evaporated water vapor is separated by a spin dryer, the moisture enters a container below the spin dryer, the moisture is quantitatively recovered and conveyed to a container before distillation sterilization, and the moisture is uniformly treated by a distillation sterilization process and conveyed to a bacteria culture area for use. The gas is sent into the front preheater of the waste incineration boiler by a pipe network recovery system, all recovered gas is preheated by the preheater and then supplied to the boiler for combustion-supporting incineration, fine materials generated in the rotary drying process are sent into a fine material area below the air separation screening device and are conveyed to a bin of the waste incineration boiler together, and the materials are merged, incinerated and generated. And (4) sealing the dried material and sending the material into a winnowing and screening device.
8. The material gets into selection by winnowing screening plant after the stoving, characteristics are, select out the slight material in the material after the stoving, carry to waste incineration boiler in the feed bin for use before, selection by winnowing screening process remains cubic material, the purpose is that plastics extract the in-process and improve plastic granules quality (impurity is few), plastic granules purity is high, the gas that the production process produced is through two-stage cyclone tripper gas-material separation, gaseous cyclic utilization, the unnecessary gas of recovery part supplies waste incineration boiler pre-heater, supply the boiler after preheating and support combustion. And (4) sealing the block-shaped materials and feeding the block-shaped materials to a plastic extraction furnace to produce mixed plastic particles.
9. The block material is fed into plastic extraction furnace, and is characterized by that it is in sealed anaerobic stewing state, the plastic is melted into liquid by furnace fire heat conductor temperature, the liquid is flowed out of furnace body by means of flow guide net pipeline, the plastic liquid in the pipeline is flowed into heat-insulating filtering container, the filtering container is periodically cleaned of impurity, the filtered plastic liquid is flowed out and cooled by means of valve to produce plastic granules, at the same time the gas produced in the production process of plastic extraction furnace is undergone the processes of oil-gas separation and oil-trapping process to extract mixed oil, the separated mixed gas is fed into refuse incineration boiler to incinerate, the slag material obtained after plastics extraction by plastics extraction furnace, such as charcoal and carbide, etc. is fed into boiler to incinerate and generate power.
10. A biological bacteria culture and marsh gas generator is characterized in that liquid water and leachate mud water squeezed from organic matters and urban sewer pipe network sludge are conveyed to a container before distillation through a recovery system, and after a 700-DEG C high-temperature distillation sterilization process, the recovered liquid is conveyed to a bacteria culture area for biological bacteria culture, plant corn straws are added in proportion, living area toilet pipe network materials, cow dung and sheep dung enter a hotbed type bacteria culture room, bacteria culture is carried out at a constant temperature of 38 ℃, and the speed is high. When the materials have the condition of generating the methane, the materials are sent into an automatic methane generator area to generate methane (methane gas) in groups, the produced methane is sent into a methane cabinet container for standby after being subjected to desulfurization and denitrification through a pipeline system of the methane generator, and the methane burning boiler is used for replacing coal, so that the method is one of the standard sources for reducing pollution.
11. The organic fertilizer area is characterized in that the organic fertilizer is derived from organic matter in the production process, leachate, production wastewater and urban underground pipe network domestic wastewater, and the resources are rich. The properties of the biogas are improved after the biogas is treated by a high-temperature distillation process, a large amount of organic fertilizers can be generated in the grouped production process of the biogas, and the organic fertilizers are divided into liquid organic fertilizers and solid organic fertilizers, so that waste is turned into wealth and resources are utilized.
12. The non-combustible materials refer to bricks, cement residues, floor tiles, ceramics, glass, stones and the like in the household garbage, the metals refer to metal copper, metal aluminum, stainless steel, iron, zinc, light iron and the like, and the mixed materials are separated and enter the metal sorting device.
13. A glass extraction furnace: the glass in the classified materials refers to bricks, cement residues, floor tiles, ceramics, glass, stones and the like classified from domestic garbage, the glass in the mixed materials is separated, the types of the glass are many, the proportion is large, and the glass is different in size. The production process is in an anaerobic state, the characteristics of the glass are not damaged, and the glass liquid respectively extracted from the three areas is cooled and formed to form glass rod products which are put in storage and sold to a glass factory in a fixed quantity. The heat energy gas generated in the production process of the extraction furnace is continuously sent into the waste incineration boiler for secondary incineration and purification through the pipe network recovery system, and the heat energy utilization is energy-saving and environment-friendly.
14. A crushing brick making device: the glass extraction furnace is characterized in that bricks, cement slag, floor bricks, ceramics, stones and the like which are classified from household garbage are extracted through the glass extraction furnace, and the glass extraction furnace is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of achieving a high-temperature sterilization effect, cooling materials, crushing, screening by 80-mesh classification, adding natural stone powder, cement, sand and other environment-friendly materials in proportion, conveying to an automatic brick making process, uniformly stirring, selecting a required brick mold, and manufacturing the baking-free pavement bricks in various shapes by a hydraulic brick making machine. The method solves the problems of odor and peculiar smell in the materials, and the materials after high-temperature sterilization belong to waste utilization, are not subjected to landfill treatment, save land occupation, change waste into resources and benefit the nation and people.
The technical process field of the invention aims to complete production and extraction operation of mixed domestic garbage at one time, fully utilize misplaced resources, and no longer carry a port number, thereby becoming a reality. The resource utilization is beneficial to the nation and the people, the pollution source, namely the domestic garbage landfill garbage is solved from the source, the daily garbage amount generated in city-saving cities is more than ten thousand tons, and the problem of hardware equipment is solved by mixed garbage when the city-saving cities face the current situation of full fields. The traditional equipment does not have the functional condition of classified extraction, the fuel of the incineration power generation boiler is the proportional incineration of mixed garbage and coal, the coal plays a combustion-supporting role, because the mixed garbage is complex in type and large in liquid amount, the boiler temperature is not fully incinerated within 700-800 ℃, the retention time of gas in the boiler is short, the dioxin index is high, the blockage of a boiler slag pipe is serious, the yield is low, the resource is not extracted, the secondary landfill amount is large, the secondary landfill is continuously buried in a curing mode, and the garbage classification cannot restrict the root cause of the backward production. After advanced equipment in western countries is introduced into China, mixed garbage classification cannot be solved through the use result of test projects, so that the advanced equipment is suitable for garbage classified according to types in daily life of a family, and the test projects finally fail.
The technology of the invention is that mixed household garbage materials are primarily crushed to be extracted from end products, a set of single equipment in each area of an automatic intelligent production line is formed, and the production line formed by the intelligent hardware equipment and software development programming is composed of a civil engineering foundation, a workshop factory building, a matched crane, an equipment foundation, a water supply pipe network, a waste water recovery pipe network, a fire fighting pipe network, a high-pressure spraying and flushing pipe network, a high-pressure distillation pipe network, a waste gas recovery pipe network, a compressed air pipe network, a heating pipe network system, a power supply system, a broadcasting system, a monitoring system, an automatic DCS control system, a network system and the like, and an intelligent robot finishes the required production and resource recovery and reuse.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the resource utilization rate is high, and the products extracted by the unmanned workshop comprise mixed oil, plastic particles, metal, glass rods, methane, organic fertilizer and recycled bricks.
(2) The methane is used as a main fuel of the boiler, the methane is clean energy, the temperature of the hearth is increased by 900-1000 ℃ due to high heat value and can be adjusted, the height of the high-temperature area of the hearth is increased, and gases such as harmful gas dioxin and the like are completely combusted in the high-temperature hearth.
(3) The dried garbage crushed aggregates and slag, charcoal, carbide and waste gas components treated by the plastic extraction furnace enter a boiler for incineration, biogas is used as a main garbage slag as an auxiliary material and enters the boiler in a suspension combustion state, the calorific value is improved, and little slag ash is not left.
(4) The brick blocks, cement slag, floor tiles, ceramics, stones, gypsum boards and the like classified from the domestic garbage are subjected to a glass extraction furnace to achieve a high-temperature sterilization effect, the materials are cooled, crushed and sieved in 80-mesh grading mode, powdery materials are supplemented to the load of the furnace for use, the redundant materials after being recycled are added with natural stone powder, cement, sand and other environment-friendly materials according to the proportion of 30%, an automatic brick making process is conveyed, the materials are stirred uniformly, a required brick mold is selected, and the brick blocks with various shapes and without burning are manufactured through a hydraulic brick making machine.
(5) Leachate and organic liquid are distilled at high temperature, sewage generated in the production process is concentrated in a container before distillation, enters a parallel flue high-pressure evaporator through a pipe network, evaporated liquid steam enters a liquid steam recovery device, liquid is improved through high-pressure high-temperature treatment, bacteria cultivation and fermentation are carried out to produce biogas, the sewage is utilized, and waste is solved.
(6) The boiler is high in lightweight output, the boiler production stability is greatly improved through the technical process, the boiler fuel mainly adopts methane, the extracted garbage is used as an auxiliary material, the high-temperature area in the boiler is improved, the incineration environment is improved, the material suspension state is fully and thoroughly incinerated, the retention time of waste gas in the boiler is prolonged by 3 minutes, the emission standard of the boiler can reach the standard, harmful gases such as dioxin can be eliminated in a hearth within 3 minutes, and the problem of waste is solved, so that the boiler is the core part of the technology.
(7) The fly ash in the three wastes of the boiler is generated by unclean burning of coal and garbage, hundreds of tons of slag and ash can be reduced every day after the coal is cancelled, a large amount of toxic and harmful components such as sulfur, nitre, magnesium and other gases in the flue gas can be reduced, the cost of solidification and secondary landfill is saved, and the problem of primary waste is solved.
(8) The intelligent closed unmanned production line has the advantages that each device is designed to be sealed, materials among the devices are conveyed in a sealed state, the production line does not need manual work, labor cost is saved by 70%, an operator finishes production in a control center, and the overall appearance of a garden type production plant is thoroughly improved. The garbage treatment project is no longer in the state of smelly smoking and flying flies all day by day, and the surrounding residents of the smelly smoking of the garbage treatment project are dizzy. The complete equipment is intelligent equipment developed according to the national conditions and the living habits of people.
Claims (6)
1. A comprehensive utilization production process for incineration treatment of household garbage is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) primary crushing of mixed garbage: the household garbage materials are primarily crushed in the sealed crushing device, so that the uniform shapes of the materials are realized;
(2) screening: removing soil and leachate from the primarily crushed material through a sealed screening device, and recovering the soil and the leachate;
in the step (2), the soil and leachate removed by the sealing and screening device are sent to a specified container at the front end of the distillation treatment through a pipe network recovery system, and are recovered and sent to a bacterium cultivation area for fermentation and bacterium cultivation after the high-temperature high-pressure distillation treatment;
the sealed screening device adopts a shaftless screening mode for screening;
(3) material storage: the materials enter a sealed storage bin through a sealed channel, and leachate water and waste gas are recovered;
the sealed storage bin adopts layered storage and layered unloading, materials are automatically layered and fed out of the bin according to production demand, and all links are completed by a hydraulic assembly;
the leachate muddy water is sent to a specified container at the front end of the distillation treatment through a recovery device system at the bottom of the storage bin, and is sent to a culture area to be determined after the high-temperature high-pressure distillation treatment;
waste gas generated in the production process is connected with a gas recovery system at the top of the storage bin, and the gas is recycled;
(4) iron removal: uniformly conveying the materials in the sealed storage bin to an iron removal device, sucking the iron blocks when the iron blocks travel to a strong magnetic point position, and enabling the iron blocks to fall into a specified storage bin when the iron blocks reach a magnetic failure position; other mixed garbage materials are sent to the next working section by a sealed conveyer;
the iron removing device is a sealed operation integrated mechanism, after materials enter the iron removing device, iron blocks fall onto the separator, and the separator separates the iron blocks from the bonding materials and removes the iron blocks by walking each way;
the odor gas generated in the production process is recycled and conveyed to a pre-preheater of the waste incineration re-boiler by a pipe network recycling system and is supplied to a boiler for combustion supporting after being preheated;
the leachate sewage is recovered by a sewage pipe network recovery system and is conveyed into a container before the distillation sterilization process, and the leachate sewage is uniformly sterilized at high temperature and reused;
(5) washing and classifying mixed garbage: when mixed garbage materials enter a mixed garbage classification device, feeding materials are conveyed from the previous working section in a sealed mode, the materials enter an operation area after being weighed by a belt, the materials enter the operation area and automatically generate a layered state after entering water, classification and cleaning are carried out by utilizing a physical principle, the materials are automatically recycled in a layered mode by a classification device, and combustible materials and organic matters are conveyed to a squeezing dehydration device by the conveying device; the conveying device conveys the non-combustible materials and the metal to the metal extraction device; the circulating pump set sends the soil, the leachate and the cleaning dirty water into a clarification tank, the circulating water can be recycled, the bottom precipitated liquid is recycled into a container before distillation for standby, the supplementary water is added at the same time, and the robot recovers the surface floating materials and sends the surface floating materials into a dewatering device;
the non-combustible materials and the metal separated in the step (5) enter a metal classification device, a command is sent out when the metal is found by a metal detector in the process of walking in the metal classification device, a robot finishes the sorting action, and the metal is sorted out and put into a bin for quantitative sale;
feeding the non-combustible materials into a glass extraction furnace, processing the non-combustible materials by the glass extraction furnace, and putting the glass into a warehouse for quantitative sale; other residual materials are used for making bricks;
(6) squeezing and dewatering: removing water in combustible materials and organic matters through a squeezing dehydration device, extracting organic matter components, sending liquid components into a container for uniform sterilization before distillation sterilization through a pipe network recovery system, and sending dehydrated materials to a drying device for drying treatment;
(7) drying: the dehydrated materials enter a drying device, the moisture in the materials is evaporated in a sealed suspension state by adopting a rotary drying method, and the dried materials are hermetically sent to a winnowing screening device;
(8) air separation and screening: the method comprises the following steps of (1) reserving blocky materials in the air separation and screening process, and conveying the blocky materials to a plastic extraction furnace in a sealed manner;
(9) treating the block-shaped materials: and (3) sealing the blocky materials and feeding the blocky materials to a plastic extraction furnace to produce mixed plastic particles, carrying out oil-gas separation and oil capture processes on gas generated in the production process of the plastic extraction furnace to extract mixed oil, feeding the separated mixed gas into a garbage incineration boiler for incineration, feeding slag after the plastic extraction of the plastic extraction furnace into the boiler for incineration and power generation.
2. The comprehensive utilization production process for the incineration disposal of the household garbage according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the gas generated after the material enters the sealed storage bin is preheated by a gas recovery system at the top of the bin and then is sent to a boiler as combustion-supporting gas; leachate and muddy water generated after the materials enter the sealed storage bin are conveyed to a specified container at the front end of the distillation treatment through a recovery device system at the bottom of the bin, and are conveyed to a culture area after the distillation treatment at high temperature and high pressure.
3. The incineration disposal comprehensive utilization production process of household garbage according to claim 1, wherein in the step (7), water vapor evaporated in the drying process is separated by a drier, the water enters a container below the drier, is recycled and conveyed to a container before distillation sterilization, is treated by a distillation sterilization process in a unified manner, and is conveyed to a bacteria cultivation area for use; gas generated in the drying process is sent into a front preheater of the waste incineration boiler through a pipe network recovery system, and all recovered gas is preheated by the preheater and then supplied to the boiler for combustion-supporting incineration; and (3) feeding the fine materials generated in the rotary drying process into a fine material area below the air separation screening device, conveying the fine materials to a bin of a waste incineration boiler, and combining incineration and power generation.
4. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step (8), the gas generated by the winnowing and screening process is subjected to gas-material separation by a two-stage cyclone discharger, the gas is recycled, and the recovered part of the excess gas is supplied to a pre-heater of a garbage incineration boiler and is supplied to the boiler for combustion supporting after being preheated.
5. The comprehensive utilization production process for incineration disposal of household garbage according to claim 1, wherein in the step (9), the treatment process of the blocky materials is as follows: and in a sealed anaerobic stewing state, melting the plastic into liquid at the temperature of the furnace fire heat conductor, enabling the liquid to flow out of the furnace body through the diversion net pipeline, enabling the plastic liquid in the pipeline to flow into the heat-preservation filtering container, and enabling the filtered plastic liquid to flow out through the valve for cooling to produce plastic particles.
6. The incineration disposal and comprehensive utilization production process of domestic waste according to claim 1, wherein the liquid water and leachate sludge squeezed from organic matter and urban sewer pipe network sludge are transported to a container before distillation through a recovery system, and after a high temperature distillation sterilization process at 700 ℃, the recovered liquid is sent to a culture area for biological culture, plant corn stalks are proportionally added, toilet pipe network materials in the living area, cow dung and sheep dung enter a hotbed type culture chamber, and bacteria culture is carried out at a constant temperature of 38 ℃; when the materials have the condition of generating the biogas, the materials are sent into an automatic biogas generator area to generate the biogas in groups, and the generated biogas is sent into a biogas cabinet container for standby after being desulfurized and denitrated through a biogas generator pipeline system.
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| CA3167415A1 (en) * | 2020-02-10 | 2021-08-19 | Bruce Roger Debruin | Particulate plastic solids handling apparatus and methods |
| CN113441529B (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-12-31 | 武汉中科固废资源产业技术研究院有限公司 | Urban waste residue soil recycling system |
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