CN109187019B - Swing cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing comprehensive testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a comprehensive testing machine for a main rotor ball hinge bearing loaded by a swing oil cylinder, which relates to the technical field of bearing testing of a helicopter main rotor system. Drive motor, hydraulic rotary joint housing, vane swing cylinder, hydraulic valve station, rotor platform, automatic tilter rotating ring, non-rotating ring, large spherical hinge bearing, double row thin-wall bearing, variable pitch rod, torsion arm, anti-twist Arm, booster cylinder, cylinder swing rod, neutral column, connecting seat, hinge and other components. The loading process of the invention is in the same phase and frequency as the load of the main rotor system of the helicopter, which can truly simulate the load state of the main rotor system of the helicopter, realize the loading of alternating loads, pulsating loads and constant loads, and ensure the service of various types of bearings of the main rotor system. The determination of lifespan is more precise and objective.

Description

Swing cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing comprehensive testing machine

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of bearing testing of a helicopter main rotor system, in particular to a comprehensive testing machine for a swing oil cylinder-loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing.

Background technique

During the flight of the helicopter, the failure of any component can have catastrophic consequences. Therefore, it is a very serious and important work to determine the service life of helicopter components. In order to accurately determine the service life of the components of the helicopter, the usual practice is to carry out the fatigue test of the components of the helicopter under simulated real working conditions, and then divide the fatigue life obtained by the test by a safety factor, which is the component of the aircraft. service life.

The main rotor system of the helicopter is one of the core components of the helicopter. The connection between the moving components of the main rotor system is realized through various types of bearings (ball hinge bearings, carbide sleeve bearings and rolling bearings, etc.). In the past, the service life experiments of each bearing of the main rotor system were carried out on a fatigue testing machine with a single bearing. The disadvantages are: ① It is difficult to accurately simulate the real working conditions of various bearings of the helicopter main rotor system; ② It is difficult to accurately determine which type or which bearing in the main rotor system is the weakest link, resulting in the existence of fixed life of the helicopter main rotor system bearings. large error. For safety reasons, the service life of the bearing of the main rotor system is generally set low, which results in waste in the use of the bearing and increases the maintenance cost.

Therefore, it is very necessary to develop a comprehensive experimental machine with combined bearing for the main rotor system of the helicopter.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive testing machine for the main rotor ball hinge bearing loaded by a swing oil cylinder, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, to accurately simulate the real working conditions of various types of bearings of the main rotor system of a helicopter, and to ensure the main The determination of the service life of various bearings of the rotor system is more accurate and objective.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions: the present invention provides a comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearings, including a supporting frame, a transmission main shaft, a driving motor, a hydraulic rotary joint casing, a blade-type swinging oil cylinder, Hydraulic valve station, rotor platform and automatic tilter; the supporting frame is fixed on the ground, the transmission main shaft is supported in the central hole in the middle of the upper platform of the supporting frame, and the driving motor is used to drive the transmission main shaft to rotate The lower end of the transmission main shaft is fixedly connected to the rotor platform, the blade-type swinging oil cylinder is connected to one side of the rotor-wing platform, and the rotation axis of the blade-type swing oil cylinder is in a vertical state with the rotation axis of the rotor platform;

The output shaft of the vane-type swinging oil cylinder is connected to one end of a swing rod of an oil cylinder, the other end of the swing rod of the oil cylinder is connected to one end of a pitch-changing rod through a seventh hinge, and the other end of the pitch-changing rod passes through a sixth hinge. The hinge is connected with the automatic tilter; the lower part of the rotor platform is connected with a torsion arm swing rod I through the eighth hinge, and the torsion arm swing rod I is also connected with a torsion arm swing rod II through the ninth hinge. The arm swing rod II is connected with the automatic tilter through a tenth hinge; a neutral column is fixed on the support frame, and the neutral column is in clearance fit with the automatic tilter;

The lower part of the automatic tilter is also connected with an anti-twist arm swing rod I through a first hinge, the anti-twist arm swing rod I is connected with an anti-torsion arm swing rod II through a second hinge, and the anti-torsion arm swing rod II is connected by a second hinge. The third hinge is connected with the support frame; a connecting seat is also fixedly connected below the automatic tilter, and the connecting seat is connected with the piston rod of a booster cylinder through the fifth hinge, and the cylinder body of the booster cylinder is connected by the fourth hinge. a hinge is connected to the support frame;

The upper part of the transmission main shaft is sealed and connected with a hydraulic rotary joint casing, the transmission main shaft is rotatably matched with the hydraulic rotary joint casing, and the hydraulic rotary joint casing is fixedly connected with the support frame through the hydraulic rotary joint fixing frame; the hydraulic valve The station communicates with the internal hydraulic oil channel of the transmission main shaft through the third high-pressure hose and the fourth high-pressure hose, and the vane-type swing oil cylinder is connected to the inner part of the transmission main shaft through the first high-pressure hose and the second high-pressure hose. The hydraulic oil channel is connected.

Preferably, the transmission main shaft is supported by the first double row bearing and the second double row bearing in the central hole in the middle of the upper platform of the support frame.

Preferably, a large bevel gear is fixedly connected to the transmission main shaft, the drive motor is fixedly connected to a main reducer, and a drive shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the main reducer, and the drive shaft passes through the third double gear. The row bearing is connected with the support frame, and the end of the drive shaft is fixed with a small bevel gear that meshes with the large bevel gear.

Preferably, the variable pitch rod is composed of two sections, and the two sections of the variable pitch rod are connected together by a tension pressure sensor.

Preferably, the automatic tilter includes a rotating ring, a non-rotating ring, a large ball hinge bearing outer ring, and a large ball hinge bearing inner ring, which are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside, and the large ball hinge bearing inner ring has a gap between the center column. Matching, the outer ring of the large ball hinge bearing is located on the outside of the inner ring of the large ball hinge bearing, the non-rotating ring is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the large ball hinge bearing, and the rotating ring is connected with the double-row thin-walled bearing. The non-rotating ring connection.

Preferably, the variable pitch rod is connected with the rotating ring through the sixth hinge, the torsion arm swing rod II is connected with the rotating ring through the tenth hinge; the anti-torsion arm swing rod I is connected with the rotating ring through the tenth hinge The first hinge is connected with the non-rotating ring, and the connecting seat is fixedly connected with the non-rotating ring.

Preferably, the first hinge, the second hinge, the third hinge, the eighth hinge, the ninth hinge and the tenth hinge are all column hinges.

Preferably, the fourth hinge, the fifth hinge, the sixth hinge and the seventh hinge are all spherical hinges.

Preferably, the hydraulic valve station includes an oil tank, the oil tank communicates with the third high pressure hose through a first oil pipe, and the oil tank communicates with the fourth high pressure hose through a second oil pipe.

Preferably, a first servo valve and a first check valve are arranged in parallel at the connection between the first oil pipe and the third high-pressure hose, and the second oil pipe is connected in parallel with the fourth high-pressure hose. A second servo valve and a second one-way valve are provided.

The present invention has achieved the following technical effects with respect to the prior art:

1) The loading process of the invention is in the same phase and frequency as the load of the helicopter main rotor system, which can truly simulate the load state of the helicopter main rotor system;

2) It can realize the loading of alternating load, pulsating load and constant load.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings required in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some of the present invention. In the embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the comprehensive testing machine of the swing cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the principle schematic diagram of the hydraulic valve station of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the working principle of the vane type swing oil cylinder of the present invention;

Among them, 1. the first hinge, 2. the second hinge, 3. the anti-torsion arm swing rod II, 4. the third hinge, 5. the anti-torsion arm swing rod I, 6. the center column, 7. the supporting frame, 8. Large ball hinge bearing inner ring, 9. Large ball hinge bearing outer ring, 10. Fourth hinge, 11. Power cylinder, 12. Fifth hinge, 13. Connecting seat, 14. Sixth hinge, 15. Variable pitch rod, 16. Cylinder swing rod, 17. Seventh hinge, 18. Vane swing cylinder, 19. Stator, 20. Vane, 21. First high pressure hose, 22. Small bevel gear, 23. Drive shaft, 24. Drive motor , 25. Main reducer, 26. First double row bearing, 27. Hydraulic valve station, 28. Third high pressure hose, 29. Fourth high pressure hose, 30. Hydraulic rotary joint housing, 31. Hydraulic rotary joint fixed Frame, 32. Second double row bearing, 33. Large bevel gear, 34. Third double row bearing, 35. Second high pressure hose, 36. Transmission main shaft, 37. Rotor platform, 38. Eighth hinge, 39. Torsion arm swing rod I, 40. Ninth hinge, 41. Torsion arm swing rod II, 42. Tenth hinge, 43. Rotating ring, 44. Double row thin-wall bearing, 45. Non-rotating ring, 46. Stopper, 47. Pull pressure sensor, 48. Oil port, 49. First check valve, 50. First servo valve, 51. First oil pipe, 52. Oil tank, 53. Second oil pipe, 54. Second servo valve, 55 . Second check valve, 52. Fuel tank.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comprehensive testing machine for the main rotor ball hinge bearing loaded by a swing oil cylinder, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, to accurately simulate the real working conditions of various types of bearings of the main rotor system of a helicopter, and to ensure the main The determination of the service life of various bearings of the rotor system is more accurate and objective.

In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example

As shown in FIG. 1, this embodiment provides a comprehensive testing machine for swinging cylinder-loaded main rotor ball hinge bearings, including a support frame, a drive spindle, a drive motor, a hydraulic rotary joint shell, a blade-type swinging cylinder, a hydraulic valve station, and a rotor. Platform and automatic tilting device; the supporting frame 7 is fixed on the ground, and a central hollow hole is arranged in the middle of the platform on the supporting frame 7, and a pair of first double row bearings 32 and a pair of second double row bearings arranged up and down pass through the central hole. Bearings 34 support drive shaft 36 . The drive motor is used to drive the transmission main shaft to rotate. Specifically, a large bevel gear 33 is fixedly connected to the transmission main shaft 36, and a small bevel gear 22 vertically meshed with the large bevel gear 33 is fixed on the drive shaft 23. The drive shaft 23 is connected to the main reducer. The output shaft of 25 is fixedly connected, and the driving motor 24 is fixedly connected with the main reducer 25. The driving motor 24 drives the transmission main shaft 36 to rotate through the main reducer 25, the driving shaft 23, the small bevel gear 22 and the large bevel gear 33, and the lower end of the transmission main shaft 36 rotates. Fixed-wing rotor platform 37.

The vane type swing cylinder 18 is connected to one side of the rotor platform 37 , the rotation axis of the blade type swing cylinder 18 and the rotation axis of the rotor platform 37 are in a vertical state in space, and one end of the cylinder swing rod 16 is fixedly connected to the blade type swing cylinder 18 . On the output shaft, the other end of the oil cylinder swing rod 16 is connected to one end of the pitch-changing pull rod 15 through the seventh hinge 17, and the other end of the pitch-changing pull rod 15 is connected to the rotating ring 43 of the automatic tilter through the sixth hinge 14; The pull rod 15 is composed of two sections, and the two sections of the pull rod with variable pitch are connected together by a tension pressure sensor 47 . The lower part of the rotor platform 37 is connected with the torsion arm swing rod I39 through the eighth hinge 38 , the torsion arm swing rod I39 and the torsion arm swing rod II41 are connected through the ninth hinge 40 , and the torsion arm swing rod II41 is connected with the tenth hinge 42 through the ninth hinge 40 . The rotating ring 43 of the automatic tilter is connected.

The rotating ring 43 and the non-rotating ring 45 of the automatic tilter are connected together by a double-row thin-walled bearing 44, the non-rotating ring 45 is fixedly connected with the outer ring 9 of the large ball hinge bearing, and the inner ring 8 of the large ball hinge bearing is connected with the center column 6 is a clearance fit, and the center column 6 is fixed on the supporting frame 7 .

The anti-twist arm swing rod I5 is connected with the non-rotating ring 45 of the automatic tilter through the first hinge 1, the anti-torsion arm swing rod I5 is connected with the anti-torsion arm swing rod II3 through the second hinge 2, and the anti-torsion arm swing rod II3 passes through the first hinge. The three hinges 4 are connected to the support frame 7 . The connecting seat 13 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the non-rotating ring 45 of the automatic tilter, the connecting seat 13 is connected with the piston rod of the booster cylinder 11 through the fifth hinge 12, and the cylinder block of the booster cylinder 11 is connected with the support frame 7 through the fourth hinge 10, The upper part of the transmission main shaft 36 forms a sealed rotation fit with a hydraulic rotary joint housing 30 , and the hydraulic rotary joint housing 30 is fixedly connected with the support frame 7 through the hydraulic rotary joint fixing frame 31 .

The hydraulic valve station 27 communicates with the internal hydraulic oil channel of the transmission main shaft 36 through the third high pressure hose 28, the fourth high pressure hose 29 and the hydraulic rotary joint housing 30, and the vane type swing cylinder 18 passes through the first high pressure hose 21, the second The high pressure hose 35 communicates with the internal hydraulic oil passage of the transmission spindle 36 .

In this embodiment, the first hinge 1 , the second hinge 2 , the third hinge 4 , the eighth hinge 38 , the ninth hinge 40 and the tenth hinge 42 are all column hinges, that is, the two connected members can only face each other around the hinge axis Rotation, but no other form of relative motion; these column hinges are tested bearings. The fourth hinge 10, the fifth hinge 12, the sixth hinge 14 and the seventh hinge 17 are all spherical hinges, that is, the two connected components can rotate relative to each other around the three coordinate axes, but cannot move relative to each other. for the tested bearing.

As shown in FIG. 2 , in this embodiment, the hydraulic valve station 27 includes an oil tank 52 , which is communicated with the third high pressure hose 28 through a first oil pipe 51 , and communicated with the fourth high pressure hose 29 through a second oil pipe 53 . A first servo valve 50 and a first check valve 49 are arranged in parallel at the connection between the first oil pipe 51 and the third high pressure hose 28 , and a second servo valve is arranged in parallel at the connection between the second oil pipe 53 and the fourth high pressure hose 29 . valve 54 and second one-way valve 55 .

The working process of the present invention is as follows: the drive motor 24 drives the rotor platform 37 and the blade-type swing cylinder 18 connected to it through the main reducer 25, the drive shaft 23, the small bevel gear 22, the large bevel gear 33, and the transmission main shaft 36. The high-pressure hose 21 and the second high-pressure hose 35 rotate synchronously, and the rotor platform 37 drives the rotation of the automatic tilter through the eighth hinge 38, the torsion arm swing rod I39, the ninth hinge 40, the torsion arm swing rod II41, and the tenth hinge 42 The ring 43 rotates, and the rotation of the rotor platform 37 and the rotation ring 43 of the automatic tilter drives the pitch change rod 15 , the pull pressure sensor 47 and the seventh hinge 17 to rotate synchronously through the sixth hinge 14 .

While the testing machine rotates, the piston rod of the booster cylinder 11 reciprocates up and down, and drives the automatic tilter through the fifth hinge 12 and the connecting seat 13 to drive the non-rotating ring 45, the double-row thin-wall bearing 44, the rotating ring 43, and the large ball hinge. The bearing outer ring 9 swings back and forth. The reciprocating swing of the automatic tilter rotating ring 43 drives the vane 20 of the vane swing cylinder 18 to swing back and forth through the sixth hinge 14 , the pitch rod 15 , the tension pressure sensor 47 , the seventh hinge 17 , and the cylinder swing rod 16 .

When the vane 20 of the vane-type swing cylinder 18 swings counterclockwise (in the orientation shown in FIG. 3 ), the oil in the oil tank 52 passes through the second oil pipe 53 , the second check valve 55 , the fourth high-pressure hose 29 , the hydraulic rotation The joint housing 30 , the internal hydraulic oil passage of the transmission main shaft 36 , the second high pressure hose 35 , and the oil port 48 on the left side are sucked into the left cavity of the vane type swing cylinder 18 A one-way valve 49 is in a closed state, and the oil in the right chamber of the vane swing cylinder 18 can only pass through the first high pressure hose 21, the internal hydraulic oil passage of the transmission spindle 36, the hydraulic rotary joint housing 30, and the third high pressure hose. 28. The first servo valve 50 enters the oil tank 52, and the load of the vane-type swing oil cylinder 18 can be controlled by controlling the size of the valve port of the first servo valve 50.

When the vane of the vane-type swinging oil cylinder 18 swings clockwise (in the orientation shown in FIG. 3 ), the oil in the oil tank 52 passes through the first oil pipe 51 , the first check valve 49 , the third high-pressure hose 28 , and the hydraulic rotary joint The casing 30 , the internal hydraulic oil passage of the transmission main shaft 36 , and the first high-pressure hose 21 are sucked into the right chamber of the vane swing cylinder 18 , while the second check valve 55 communicating with the left chamber of the vane swing cylinder 18 is in a closed state. , the oil in the left cavity of the vane type swing cylinder 18 can only enter through the second high pressure hose 35 , the internal hydraulic oil passage of the transmission spindle 36 , the hydraulic rotary joint housing 30 , the fourth high pressure hose 29 and the second servo valve 54 For the oil tank, the load of the loading oil cylinder can be controlled by controlling the size of the valve port of the second servo valve 54 .

In the present invention, specific examples are used to illustrate the principles and implementations of the present invention, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present invention; There will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application scope of the idea of the invention. In conclusion, the contents of this specification should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A swinging oil cylinder loading type main rotor ball hinge bearing comprehensive testing machine is characterized in that: comprising a supporting frame, a transmission main shaft, a drive motor, a hydraulic rotary joint shell, a blade-type swinging oil cylinder, a hydraulic valve station, a rotor platform and an automatic tilting The supporting frame is fixed on the ground, the transmission main shaft is supported in the central hole in the middle of the upper platform of the supporting frame, and the driving motor is used to drive the transmission main shaft to rotate; the lower end of the transmission main shaft is fixedly connected In the rotor platform, the blade-type swinging oil cylinder is connected to one side of the rotor-wing platform, and the rotation axis of the blade-type swing oil cylinder is in a vertical state with the rotation axis of the rotor platform; The output shaft of the vane-type swinging oil cylinder is connected to one end of a swing rod of an oil cylinder, the other end of the swing rod of the oil cylinder is connected to one end of a pitch-changing rod through a seventh hinge, and the other end of the pitch-changing rod passes through a sixth hinge. The hinge is connected with the automatic tilter; the lower part of the rotor platform is connected with a torsion arm swing rod I through the eighth hinge, and the torsion arm swing rod I is also connected with a torsion arm swing rod II through the ninth hinge. The arm swing rod II is connected with the automatic tilter through a tenth hinge; a neutral column is fixed on the support frame, and the neutral column is in clearance fit with the automatic tilter; The lower part of the automatic tilter is also connected with an anti-twist arm swing rod I through a first hinge, the anti-twist arm swing rod I is connected with an anti-torsion arm swing rod II through a second hinge, and the anti-torsion arm swing rod II is connected by a second hinge. The third hinge is connected with the support frame; a connecting seat is also fixedly connected below the automatic tilter, and the connecting seat is connected with the piston rod of a booster cylinder through the fifth hinge, and the cylinder body of the booster cylinder is connected by the fourth hinge. a hinge is connected to the support frame; The upper part of the transmission main shaft is sealed and connected with a hydraulic rotary joint casing, the transmission main shaft is rotatably matched with the hydraulic rotary joint casing, and the hydraulic rotary joint casing is fixedly connected with the support frame through the hydraulic rotary joint fixing frame; the hydraulic valve The station communicates with the internal hydraulic oil channel of the transmission main shaft through the third high-pressure hose and the fourth high-pressure hose, and the vane-type swing oil cylinder is connected to the inner part of the transmission main shaft through the first high-pressure hose and the second high-pressure hose. The hydraulic oil channel is connected. 2 . The comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearings according to claim 1 , wherein the center hole in the middle of the upper platform of the support frame is supported by the first double row bearing and the second double row bearing. 3 . the transmission spindle. 3. The comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: a large bevel gear is fixedly connected to the drive main shaft, and the drive motor is fixedly connected to a main reducer, A drive shaft is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the main reducer, the drive shaft is connected with the support frame through a third double-row bearing, and the end of the drive shaft is fixed with a small bevel gear engaged with the large bevel gear. bevel gear. 4. The comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the variable pitch rod is composed of two sections, and the two sections of the variable pitch rod are fixedly connected by a tension pressure sensor together. 5. The comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the automatic tilting device comprises a rotating ring, a non-rotating ring, a large spherical hinge bearing outer ring arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside ring and the inner ring of the large ball hinge bearing, the inner ring of the large ball hinge bearing is in clearance fit with the neutral column, the outer ring of the large ball hinge bearing is located outside the inner ring of the large ball hinge bearing, the non-rotating ring It is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the large ball hinge bearing, and the rotating ring is connected with the non-rotating ring through a double-row thin-wall bearing. 6 . The comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing according to claim 5 , wherein the variable pitch rod is connected to the rotating ring through the sixth hinge, and the torsion arm swing rod is connected to the rotating ring. 7 . II is connected with the rotating ring through the tenth hinge; the anti-twist arm swing rod I is connected with the non-rotating ring through the first hinge, and the connecting seat is fixedly connected with the non-rotating ring. 7. The comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first hinge, the second hinge, the third hinge, the eighth hinge, the ninth hinge and the tenth hinge The hinges are all column hinges. 8 . The comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearings according to claim 7 , wherein the fourth hinge, the fifth hinge, the sixth hinge and the seventh hinge are all spherical hinges. 9 . 9 . The comprehensive testing machine for swinging cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearings according to claim 1 , wherein the hydraulic valve station comprises an oil tank, and the oil tank is communicated with the third high-pressure hose through the first oil pipe. 10 . , the oil tank is communicated with the fourth high-pressure hose through a second oil pipe. 10. The comprehensive testing machine for swinging oil cylinder loaded main rotor ball hinge bearing according to claim 9, characterized in that: a first servo valve and a A first check valve, a second servo valve and a second check valve are arranged in parallel at the connection between the second oil pipe and the fourth high-pressure hose.