Animal brain surgical apparatus and its control device, control system
Technical field
The present invention relates to neurobiological study technical fields, more specifically to a kind of animal brain surgical apparatus
And its control device, control system.
Background technique
(Calcium is imaged using calcium caused by calcium fluorescence signal intensity characteristic relevant to big intracerebral neuron activity
Imaging) technology is the advanced technology in neurobiological study field.It can monitor the neuron in a wide range of for a long time
Signal granting, thus become bioluminescence imaging technology necessary to the Neurobiologys fields such as brain function connection map.Due to double light
The imaging devices such as sub- microscope imaging and common fluorescent microscope imaging volume and weight is all very big, therefore can only be to anesthetized animal
Or sobering animal head is fixed study in body, and free-moving sobering animal can not be imaged.It is neural in this way
The granting of cell can not reflect the brain activity of animal nature physiological status completely.Additionally due to these imaging techniques include double
Photon calcium imaging technique imaging depth is shallower, the cell of brain cortex surface 1-2 mm depth can only be imaged, for one
The cell granting of a little deep nucleis (hippocampus as being responsible for learning and memory function) can not carry out studying in body.
In recent years, scientist develops miniature fluorescence microscope, and Weight control is at 2 grams or so, even toy
It can be moved freely in the case where carrying microscopical situation.What is matched therewith is using self-focusing lens (GRadient
Index Lens, GRIN Lens) solve the problems, such as deep brain area neural recording.Self-focusing lens be light refractive index distribution from
To the cylindrical lens of peripheral part refractive index reduction, the fluorescence signal of lens side can be transmitted to the another of lens by it at center
Side.Therefore, miniature fluorescence microscope can be cooperated real by the way that self-focusing lens to be embedded in above the deep brain area for needing to be imaged
Now to deep brain area, it is awake move freely animal and carry out calcium imaging research, to widen the application range of the technology.
In the research of deep brain area calcium imaging, the implant surgery of self-focusing lens is the pass of success or failure in entire research process
Where key.The brain tissue that researcher needs to pass through self-focusing lens above target brain area is implanted into its top.Current mainstream side
Method is quickly will be above target brain area using the negative pressure in pipette tips with the hand-held pipettor gun head for being connected with Medical negative pressure pump
Tissue tears removal, and self-focusing lens is fixed on appropriate depth again after stopped bleeding.These methods are mostly hand-held,
Accurately self-focusing lens can not be implanted into above target brain area, and the relatively complicated larger workload of hand-held.
It is current those skilled in the art in conclusion how to effectively improve the accuracy of lens implantation target brain area
Urgent problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of animal brain surgical apparatus, the animal brain hand
The structure design of art equipment can effectively improve the accuracy of lens implantation target brain area, and second object of the present invention is to mention
For the control device and control system of a kind of above-mentioned animal brain surgical apparatus.
In order to reach above-mentioned first purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of animal brain surgical apparatus, comprising:
Stereotaxic apparatus, for fixing the head of animal;
Clamper, for clamping medical instrument;
Bracket, is used to support clamper, and the bracket includes the orthogonal first direction arm of any two, second direction
Arm and third direction arm, and the second direction arm is set on the first direction arm and can be along the first direction arm
Extending direction is mobile, and the third direction arm is set on the second direction arm and can be along the extension of the second direction arm
Direction is mobile, and the clamper is set on the third direction arm and the clamper can be along the third direction arm
Extending direction is mobile;
Driving device comprising for driving the second direction arm to move along the extending direction of the first direction arm
The first driving part, the second driving portion for driving third direction arm to move along the extending direction of the second direction arm
Part and third driving part for driving clamper to move along the extending direction of third direction arm.
Preferably, in above-mentioned animal brain surgical apparatus, the first direction arm, second direction arm and third direction arm are equal
Including support rod and the casing being threadedly coupled with support rod.
Preferably, in above-mentioned animal brain surgical apparatus, first driving part is the driving first direction arm
First stepper motor of casing rotation;Second driving part is the second step for driving the casing of the second direction arm to rotate
Into motor;The third driving part is the third stepper motor for driving the casing of the third direction arm to rotate.
A kind of control device of animal brain surgical apparatus, comprising:
First control unit, for controlling the working condition of first driving part;
Second control unit, for controlling the working condition of second driving part;
Third control unit, for controlling the working condition of the third driving part.
Preferably, in the control device of above-mentioned animal brain surgical apparatus, the first direction arm, second direction arm and
Three pitman arms include support rod and the casing that is threadedly coupled with support rod;First driving part is to drive the first party
The first stepper motor rotated to the casing of arm;Second driving part is that the casing of the second direction arm is driven to rotate
Second stepper motor;The third driving part is the third stepper motor for driving the casing of the third direction arm to rotate;
The first control unit, for controlling steering and the rotational angle of first stepper motor;
Second control unit, for controlling steering and the rotational angle of the second stepper motor;
The third control unit, for controlling steering and the rotational angle of the third stepper motor.
Preferably, in the control device of above-mentioned animal brain surgical apparatus, the first control unit, the second control unit
Include: with third control unit
Receiving module, for receiving indication signal;
Encoder, for receiving the indication signal of the receiving module sending and being converted;
Motor module, for according to the signal controling stepping motor after the coder transitions steering and rotational angle.
It preferably, further include the position for acquiring the clamper in the control device of above-mentioned animal brain surgical apparatus
The acquisition module of confidence breath and/or the input module taken down notes for inputting operation.
A kind of control system of animal brain surgical apparatus, comprising:
Display instrument, for showing the working condition of first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part;
Controller, for controlling the working condition of first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part.
Preferably, in the control system of above-mentioned animal brain surgical apparatus, the controller is also used to acquire the clamping
The location information of device, the display instrument are also used to show the location information of the collected clamper of the controller.
It preferably, further include the input for inputting operation notes in the control system of above-mentioned animal brain surgical apparatus
Device, the display instrument are also used to show the operation notes of the input unit input.
Animal brain surgical apparatus provided by the invention includes stereotaxic apparatus, clamper, bracket and driving device.Its
In, stereotaxic apparatus is mainly used for the head of fixed animal.Clamper is mainly used for clamping medical instrument, above-mentioned medical instrument
Including vacuum extractor, operation tweezer etc., it is not limited thereto.Bracket is mainly used for support holder.
Bracket includes first direction arm, second direction arm and third direction arm, wherein first direction arm, second direction arm and
Any two in third direction arm are mutually vertical.Second direction arm is set on first direction arm and can be along a first direction
The extending direction of arm is mobile.Third direction arm is set on second direction arm and can move along the extension of second direction arm, folder
Holder is set on third direction arm and clamper can be moved along the direction of third direction arm.So set, second direction
When the extending direction of arm arm along a first direction is mobile, third direction arm and clamper prolonging together along first direction arm are driven
It is mobile to stretch direction.When third direction arm is moved along the extension of second direction arm, clamper prolonging along second direction arm is driven
It stretches movement, and then realizes that clamper can the extending direction of arm, the extending direction of second direction arm and third along a first direction
The extending direction of pitman arm is mobile.
Driving device includes the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part.Wherein, the first driving part
For driving the extending direction of second direction arm arm along a first direction mobile.Second driving part is for driving third direction arm
It is moved along the extending direction of second direction arm.Third driving part is for driving clamper along the extension side of third direction arm
To movement.
When using animal brain surgical apparatus provided by the invention, it is not necessary to handheld medical instrument again, it can be by medical instrument
It is clamped on clamper, clamping is realized by the driving effect of the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part
The extending direction of device and medical instrument thereon arm along a first direction is mobile, moves along the extending direction of second direction arm
And/or moved along the extending direction of third direction arm, it is finally moved to target area and is operated.From the foregoing, it will be observed that using this
Not instead of handheld medical instrument is moved when inventing the animal brain surgical apparatus provided, is driven and is clamped by driving device
Device and medical instrument thereon are mobile, and moving direction and moving distance can be controlled accurately, avoid as caused by moving manually
The low problem of accuracy effectively increases the accuracy of lens implantation target brain area during animal surgery.In addition, substantially reducing
The workload of operator.
The animal brain surgical apparatus provided in based on the above embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of animal cerebral operations
The control device of equipment, the control device of the animal brain surgical apparatus include first control unit, the second control unit and
Three control units.Wherein, first control unit is used to control the working condition of the first driving part, to pass through first control unit
Control the first driving part, so realize the mobile distance of the extending direction of control second direction arm arm along a first direction and
Moving direction.Second control unit is used to control the working condition of the second driving part, to control the by the second control unit
Two driving parts, and then realize distance and the side of movement that control third direction arm is moved along the extending direction of second direction arm
To.Third control unit is used to control the working condition of third driving part, to control third driving by third control unit
Component, and then realize distance and moving direction that control clamper is moved along the extending direction of third direction arm.It is so logical
The displacement of clamper can accurately be controlled by crossing above-mentioned control device, so that clamper and the more accurate shifting of medical instrument thereon
It moves to target area.
A kind of control system the embodiment of the invention also provides animal brain surgical apparatus includes display instrument and controller,
Wherein display instrument is used to show the working condition of the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part.Controller is used
In the working condition for controlling the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part.So the is controlled by controller
One driving part, the second driving part and third driving part are to realize clamper and medical instrument moving direction and shifting thereon
The accurate control of dynamic distance.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
It obtains other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of animal brain surgical apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the control device of animal brain surgical apparatus provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the signal of first control unit provided in an embodiment of the present invention, the second control unit or third control unit
Figure;
Fig. 4 is that another embodiment of the present invention provides the partial schematic diagrams of the control system of animal brain surgical apparatus.
In Fig. 1:
The first stepper motor of 1-, 2- casing, 3- support rod, 4- second stepper motor, 5- third stepper motor, 6- connection
Arm, 7- clamper, 8- stereotaxic apparatus.
Specific embodiment
The first purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of animal brain surgical apparatus, the knot of the animal brain surgical apparatus
Structure design can effectively improve the accuracy of lens implantation target brain area, and a second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of above-mentioned
The control device and control system of animal brain surgical apparatus.
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " on ", "lower", "front", "rear", " left side " and " right side " etc. refer to
The orientation or positional relationship shown is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of the description present invention and simplifies
Description, rather than the position of indication or suggestion meaning or element must have particular orientation, be constituted and operated with specific orientation,
Therefore it should not be understood as limitation of the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as
Indication or suggestion relative importance.
Referring to Fig. 1, animal brain surgical apparatus provided by the invention includes stereotaxic apparatus 8, clamper 7, bracket
And driving device.Wherein, stereotaxic apparatus 8 is mainly used for the head of fixed animal.Clamper 7 is mainly used for clamping Medical treatment device
Tool, above-mentioned medical instrument include vacuum extractor, operation tweezer etc., are not limited thereto.Bracket is mainly used for support holder
7。
Bracket includes first direction arm, second direction arm and third direction arm, wherein first direction arm, second direction arm and
Any two in third direction arm are mutually vertical.Second direction arm is set on first direction arm and can be along a first direction
The extending direction of arm is mobile.Third direction arm is set on second direction arm and can move along the extension of second direction arm, folder
Holder 7 is set on third direction arm and clamper 7 can be moved along the direction of third direction arm.So set, second party
To arm arm along a first direction extending direction it is mobile when, drive third direction arm and clamper 7 together along first direction arm
Extending direction it is mobile.When third direction arm is moved along the extension of second direction arm, drive clamper 7 along second direction arm
Extension it is mobile, and then realize clamper 7 can along a first direction the extending direction of arm, second direction arm extending direction and
The extending direction of third direction arm is mobile.
Driving device includes the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part.Wherein, the first driving part
For driving the extending direction of second direction arm arm along a first direction mobile.Second driving part is for driving third direction arm
It is moved along the extending direction of second direction arm.Third driving part is for driving clamper 7 along the extension of third direction arm
Direction is mobile.
When using animal brain surgical apparatus provided by the invention, it is not necessary to handheld medical instrument again, it can be by medical instrument
It is clamped on clamper 7, clamping is realized by the driving effect of the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part
The extending direction of device 7 and medical instrument thereon arm along a first direction is mobile, moves along the extending direction of second direction arm
And/or moved along the extending direction of third direction arm, it is finally moved to target area and is operated.From the foregoing, it will be observed that using this
Not instead of handheld medical instrument is moved when inventing the animal brain surgical apparatus provided, is driven and is clamped by driving device
Device 7 and medical instrument thereon are mobile, and moving direction and moving distance can be controlled accurately, avoid as caused by moving manually
The low problem of accuracy effectively increases the accuracy of lens implantation target brain area during animal surgery.In addition, substantially reducing
The workload of operator.
Further, above-mentioned first direction arm, second direction arm and third direction arm can include support rod 3 and with branch
The casing 2 that strut 3 is threadedly coupled.Shifting of the support rod 3 relative to casing 2 can be realized in such 2 rotation of driving device drive sleeve
Dynamic, casing 2 rotates and then moves support rod 3 along itself extending direction, and then realizes second direction arm along first party
Mobile to the extending direction of arm, third direction arm is moved along the extension of second direction arm, and clamper 7 is along third direction arm
Direction is mobile.
Specifically, the first driving part is the first stepper motor 1 for driving the casing 2 of first direction arm to rotate;Second drives
Dynamic component is the second stepper motor 4 for driving the casing 2 of second direction arm to rotate;Third driving part is driving third direction arm
Casing 2 rotate third stepper motor 5.
Certainly, the structure of first direction arm, second direction arm and third direction arm can also only include support rod 3, and first
Driving part, the second driving part and third driving part are the telescoping cylinder for driving support rod 3, are not limited thereto.
In another embodiment, it is fixedly connected between clamper 7 and third clamping limb by linking arm 6.Final clamper 7
Positioned at the upside of stereotaxic apparatus 8, so that the medical instrument on clamper 7 operates animal head.
The minimum rotation angle of first stepper motor 1, second stepper motor 4 and third stepper motor 5 is 0.13 °, can be real
Now control clamper 7 is carried out three-dimensional mobile with micron accuracies.
The animal brain surgical apparatus provided in based on the above embodiment, the present invention also provides a kind of animal cerebral operations
The control device of equipment, the control device of the animal brain surgical apparatus include first control unit, the second control unit and
Three control units.Wherein, first control unit is used to control the working condition of the first driving part, to pass through first control unit
Control the first driving part, so realize the mobile distance of the extending direction of control second direction arm arm along a first direction and
Moving direction.Second control unit is used to control the working condition of the second driving part, to control the by the second control unit
Two driving parts, and then realize distance and the side of movement that control third direction arm is moved along the extending direction of second direction arm
To.Third control unit is used to control the working condition of third driving part, to control third driving by third control unit
Component, and then realize distance and moving direction that control clamper 7 is moved along the extending direction of third direction arm.It is so logical
The displacement of clamper 7 can accurately be controlled by crossing above-mentioned control device, so that clamper 7 and medical instrument thereon are more accurate
It is moved to target area.
It should be noted that the experimental animal of this animal brain surgical apparatus includes but is not limited to mouse, rat, cat, monkey
Deng the experimental animal with central nervous system.In addition, being intended to include using the animal brain surgical apparatus for identical or phase
The cerebral implant of nearly experimental study, including but not limited to self-focusing lens, miniature fluorescence microscope etc..
In a preferred embodiment, first direction arm, second direction arm and third direction arm include support rod 3 and with branch
The casing 2 that strut 3 is threadedly coupled.First driving part is the first stepper motor 1 for driving the casing 2 of first direction arm to rotate;
Second driving part is the second stepper motor 4 for driving the casing 2 of second direction arm to rotate;Third driving part is driving third
The third stepper motor 5 that the casing 2 of pitman arm rotates.Further, first control unit is for controlling the first stepper motor 1
Steering and rotational angle;Second control unit is used to control steering and the rotational angle of second stepper motor 4;Third control unit
For controlling steering and the rotational angle of third stepper motor 5.So set, by first control unit for controlling the first step
Steering and rotational angle into motor 1, and then realize that the extending direction of control second direction arm arm along a first direction is mobile
Distance and moving direction.It is used to control steering and the rotational angle of second stepper motor 4, Jin Ershi by the second control unit
The distance and moving direction that now control third direction arm is moved along the extending direction of second direction arm.It is controlled by third single
Member realizes control the prolonging along third direction arm of clamper 7 for controlling steering and the rotational angle of third stepper motor 5
Stretch the mobile distance in direction and moving direction
Certainly, when the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part are telescoping cylinder, then the first control
Unit, the second control unit and third control unit are used to the working condition of control telescoping cylinder, are not limited thereto.
Further, as shown in figure 3, first control unit, the second control unit and third control unit include receiving
Module, encoder and motor module.Wherein, receiving module is for receiving indication signal, and indication signal can be instruction folder at this
Instruction information of the holder 7 to the mobile set distance of direction initialization.Encoder is used to receive the instruction letter that above-mentioned receiving module issues
Number and converted.Motor module is used for steering and rotational angle according to the signal controling stepping motor after coder transitions.
Specifically, encoder is used to the received indication signal of receiving module being converted to analog signal by digital signal, is then transferred to
Motor module controls stepper motor in turn.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned control device further includes the acquisition mould for acquiring the location information of clamper 7
Block and/or the input module taken down notes for inputting operation.Furthermore it is also possible to include display instrument, display instrument and acquisition module signal
Connection, display instrument are connect with input module also signal.Display instrument is displayed for location information and/or the input of clamper 7
Operation notes.Wherein, operation notes are lab note needed for Record analysis person during the experiment, such as date, experiment
Number of animals, experiment time-consuming etc..
The power interface of above-mentioned control device can also be connected with rectification circuit, be not limited thereto.
A kind of control system the embodiment of the invention also provides animal brain surgical apparatus includes display instrument and controller,
Wherein display instrument is used to show the working condition of the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part.Controller is used
In the working condition for controlling the first driving part, the second driving part and third driving part.So the is controlled by controller
One driving part, the second driving part and third driving part with realize clamper 7 and medical instrument moving direction thereon and
The accurate control of moving distance.
Preferably, above controller is also used to acquire the location information of clamper 7, and display instrument is also used to display controller and adopts
The location information of the clamper 7 collected.In order to the position of operator's real time inspection clamper 7 and medical instrument.
In addition, further including the input unit for inputting operation notes, display instrument is also used to display input device input
Operation notes.Above-mentioned input unit can be specially keyboard, touch screen etc., be not limited thereto.
When being tested using the animal brain surgical apparatus that the present invention mentions, in advance by viral pAAV-hSyn-GCaMP6
(F) (and first biological production) is injected in the inside prefrontal lobe of mouse (C57BL/6J, Nanjing model animal institute, non-transgenic).One
The mouse is anaesthetized, is fixed on stereotaxic instrument by Zhou Hou, and promoting the circulation of qi body of going forward side by side maintains anesthesia.It is opened in target brain area
Cranium, it is only necessary to open a hole more slightly larger than implantation material.During the experiment, which should continue that logical oxygen (95% is added dropwise
O2/ 5%CO2) artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF is voluntarily prepared using Sigma company reagent), to prevent exposed brain tissue dry
Cause neuronal death.By the syringe rear end connection Medical vacuum extractor on clamper 7, (the upper good medical instrument of Hypon is limited
Company, YX930D), front end connects suitable tack point plastic pin.Through-hole control device sets the displacement of clamper 7, and realization makes to infuse
Emitter syringe needle carry out from top to bottom, it is point-by-point in each layer height move up and down, by the negative pressure in syringe, it is point-by-point successively
Ground accurately removes the tissue above target brain area, ultimately forms the channel of " well " shape, is somebody's turn to do internal diameter and the implantation of " well "
Beyond the region of objective existence diameter is suitable.After the brain tissue around " well " stops bleeding under stereoscope observation, certainly using surgical forceps clamping implantation material
Condenser lens is placed wherein, is bonded the lower surface of implantation material completely with the tissue of lower section.Strength tissue glue and tooth are used later
Implantation material is fixed on skull surface by section's cement (Shanghai two cure Zhangjiang biomaterial Co., Ltd), and cover exposed skull with
It prevents from infecting.Entire surgical procedure about needs 2-3 hours, and during which primary operational is carried out automatically by process control, the body of researcher
Power burden is smaller.Animal after the recovery of (7-10 days), can carry out imaging through after a period of time.
By practical application, the automatic operating procedure carried out using the present invention is easy to learn, and brain tissue is in target area
Top is not in accumulation, and the bleeding of target brain area has obtained effective control, and state maintains feelings to experimental animal after surgery
Condition is good, provides convenience for the acquisition of experimental data.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, of the invention
It is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, and is to fit to and the principles and novel features disclosed herein phase one
The widest scope of cause.