CN109171691A - A kind of sleep-respiratory detection system and its detection method - Google Patents
A kind of sleep-respiratory detection system and its detection method Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/02—Detecting, measuring or recording for evaluating the cardiovascular system, e.g. pulse, heart rate, blood pressure or blood flow
- A61B5/0205—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular conditions and different types of body conditions, e.g. heart and respiratory condition
- A61B5/02055—Simultaneously evaluating both cardiovascular condition and temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/0002—Remote monitoring of patients using telemetry, e.g. transmission of vital signals via a communication network
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/08—Measuring devices for evaluating the respiratory organs
- A61B5/0816—Measuring devices for examining respiratory frequency
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
- A61B5/113—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/103—Measuring devices for testing the shape, pattern, colour, size or movement of the body or parts thereof, for diagnostic purposes
- A61B5/11—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb
- A61B5/113—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing
- A61B5/1135—Measuring movement of the entire body or parts thereof, e.g. head or hand tremor or mobility of a limb occurring during breathing by monitoring thoracic expansion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/48—Other medical applications
- A61B5/4806—Sleep evaluation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/68—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient
- A61B5/6801—Arrangements of detecting, measuring or recording means, e.g. sensors, in relation to patient specially adapted to be attached to or worn on the body surface
- A61B5/6802—Sensor mounted on worn items
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- A61B5/74—Details of notification to user or communication with user or patient; User input means
- A61B5/746—Alarms related to a physiological condition, e.g. details of setting alarm thresholds or avoiding false alarms
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- A61B2503/00—Evaluating a particular growth phase or type of persons or animals
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Abstract
本发明涉及医疗电子技术领域，具体地公开了一种睡眠呼吸检测系统，包括多路呼吸采集模块、模数转换模块、信号处理器以及信号显示分析器，所述多路呼吸采集模块包括用于拾取人体喉部位置声音的拾音器、用于检测人体胸腹部压力信号的压力检测器，所述模数转换模块包括信号放大器和滤波器，所述拾音器与所述信号放大器电连接，所述压力检测器与所述信号放大器电连接，所述信号放大器与所述滤波器电连接，所述滤波器与所述信号处理器电连接，所述信号处理器与所述信号显示分析器电连接。本发明的设计应用于家庭或医院，帮助人们及时发现健康问题，及时预防，把治病变成提前预防，提高人们的生活水平。
The invention relates to the technical field of medical electronics, and specifically discloses a sleep breathing detection system, comprising a multi-channel breathing acquisition module, an analog-to-digital conversion module, a signal processor and a signal display analyzer. The multi-channel breathing acquisition module includes a A pickup for picking up the sound of the position of the human larynx, a pressure detector for detecting the pressure signal of the chest and abdomen of the human body, the analog-to-digital conversion module includes a signal amplifier and a filter, the pickup is electrically connected with the signal amplifier, and the pressure detection The signal amplifier is electrically connected to the signal amplifier, the signal amplifier is electrically connected to the filter, the filter is electrically connected to the signal processor, and the signal processor is electrically connected to the signal display analyzer. The design of the invention is applied to families or hospitals to help people discover health problems in time, prevent them in time, turn disease treatment into prevention in advance, and improve people's living standards.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to medical electronics technical fields, more particularly to a kind of sleep-respiratory detection system and its detection side
Method.
Background technique
With the continuous increase of people's life stress, sleep quality is gradually lowered, and people also begin to focus on sleep quality
And starts to focus on sleep health, monitor and diagnose relevant research to sleeping disorders and rise gradually.
Sleep disordered breathing is the principal element for influencing sleep quality.Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is
The most common reason of sleep disordered breathing.It is easy to happen hypoxemia, hypercapnia and Cardiac disease.Since sleep is exhaled
Inhaling disease may be fatal, and community health or family are protected so carrying out effective real-time monitoring and early warning to this kind of patient
It manages particularly important.
As people increasingly pay attention to respiratory health, breathing detection will be seen that respiratory tract, alveolar and chest exercise
Physiology and pathological state, to certain respiratory diseases such as asthma, the diagnosis of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary emphysema has important
Reference value etc..Therefore, the monitoring of breath signal is clinically gradually appeared.Sleep apnea refers to the process in sleep
In, have and is flowed greater than in ten seconds or more noses and thoracic cavity without air-flow.Hypoventilation means that sleep-respiratory flow reduces 30%
More than, the blood oxygen saturation of blood reduces >=4%.As can be seen that sleep-respiratory detection [1] major parameter be breath signal and
Oxygen saturation.
It is mostly used polysomnographs of leading more on the market at present and carries out sleep monitor, but its higher cost, and is complicated for operation, it is difficult to
Meet family and the convenient and efficient requirement of daily life.Therefore sleep breathing disorders are monitored for family or community health
It needs, the present invention is based on single-chip microcontrollers to design a portable sleep breath monitoring instrument and sleep-respiratory detection method, for daily
Monitoring of the people to sleep-respiratory signal in life.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, provides a kind of sleep-respiratory detection system
System and its detection method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a kind of sleep-respiratory detection systems, including multichannel Breath collection module, mould
Number conversion module, signal processor and signal show analyzer, and the multichannel Breath collection module includes for picking up human body
Sound pick-up, the pressure detector for detecting human body thorax abdomen pressure signal of throat's position sound, for detecting body temperature
Temperature sensor, the analog-to-digital conversion module includes signal amplifier and filter, and the sound pick-up and the signal amplify
Device electrical connection, the pressure detector are electrically connected with the signal amplifier, the temperature sensor and the signal amplifier
Electrical connection, the signal amplifier are electrically connected with the filter, and the filter is electrically connected with the signal processor, described
Signal processor shows that analyzer is electrically connected with the signal.
Preferably, the multichannel Breath collection module further includes the radar for causing chest exercise sign for detecting breathing
Vital sign monitor.Radar life sign monitor is substantially a kind of contactless respiratory monitoring system, for monitor away from
Life from the sportsman more than 10 meters.The sign of chest exercise caused by breathing is detected using Doppler effect.
Further, the pressure detector includes the pressure sensor for detecting human body thorax abdomen pressure signal and general
Pressure sensor is fixed on the restraining of human body thorax abdomen.
Further, the pressure sensor includes varistor layer from top to bottom, the polyester film with excellent mechanical properties
Layer, conductive circuit layer.
Further, the varistor layer is made of nanoscale pressure sensitive.
Preferably, the conductive circuit layer is made of high conductive material.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sleep-respiratory detection method, comprising the following steps:
Step 1: breath signal detection: main include the following:
A small-sized sound pick-up is placed at the throat position of detected person, has faint sound to become in its sleep-respiratory
Change, the sound frequency signal detected is transmitted to signal amplifier；
Pressure sensor is combined with restraining, is then attached to the thorax abdomen of patient, when patient sleeps' breathing, is led to
Excess pressure generates deformation, therefore pressure sensor can detecte pressure signal and the pressure signal is transmitted to signal amplification
Device；
Human body temperature, which is detected, by temperature sensor obtains temperature signals；
Step 2: signal analog-to-digital conversion:
Signal amplifier receives sound frequency signal, pressure signal and temperature signals and transmits after amplifying three signals
To filter；
Filter receives amplified sound frequency signal, pressure signal and temperature signals and is filtered；
Step 3: signal processing:
Single-chip microcontroller is received and identified by step 2 treated signal, wherein
Spectrum analysis is carried out to sound frequency signal；Respiratory rate is calculated according to following model；
F=(F2-F1/t2-t1)*m
Wherein f is respiratory rate, F2For time t2Corresponding pressure signal value, F1For time t1Corresponding pressure signal value,
M is constant, 0.99 " m " 1.01,10ms < t2-t1<100ms；
Step 4: storage and display:
Treated the signal of display receiving step three is simultaneously shown；
Treated that signal stores to step 3 for memory.
Preferably, the pressure sensor includes varistor layer from top to bottom, the polyester with excellent mechanical properties
Film layer, conductive circuit layer；The varistor layer is made of nanoscale pressure sensitive；The conductive circuit layer uses high conductive material
It is made.
Preferably, the pressure sensor is connected, two fixed resistances measure output voltage by following formula,
Vout=Vcc*R0/(R0+Rs)
In above-mentioned formula, VoutFor output voltage, VccTo hold voltage, R0、RsRespectively two fixed resistance resistance values.
Preferably, further including measuring neck area, arteria carotis complex region using thermal imaging camera in the step 1
With the temperature change of nasal region, wavelet analysis is carried out after amplified and filtered processing and derives respiratory rate.
Beneficial effect is: the design combination single-chip microcontroller and pressure sensor acquire sleep-respiratory by pressure sensor
Signal is transported to single-chip microcontroller and carries out data acquisition and circuit control, then imported on screen and carry out data analysis and assessment.
Sleep-respiratory health status is frequent ignored one of the health problem of people, by human body respiration signal and blood
The acquisition and analysis and research of the two signal of interest of oxygen saturation improve people to judge the sleep health status of people
Life and effectively prevent sleep breathing disorders generation, especially the elderly can not recognize oneself sleep health
Situation is also usually ignored by young man at home, therefore design of the invention can be applied to family or hospital, help people and
Shi Faxian health problem prevents in time, becomes to prevent in advance curing the disease, and it is horizontal to improve people's lives.
Detailed description of the invention
It, below will be to specific in order to illustrate more clearly of the specific embodiment of the invention or technical solution in the prior art
Embodiment or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art are briefly described.In all the appended drawings, similar element
Or part is generally identified by similar appended drawing reference.In attached drawing, each element or part might not be drawn according to actual ratio.
Fig. 1 is system structure diagram of the invention；
Fig. 2 is resistance of the invention with pressure history figure；
Fig. 3 is log10 of the invention treated linear diagram；
Fig. 4 is pressure sensor series connection bleeder circuit figure of the invention；
Fig. 5 is pressure sensor series connection partial pressure amplification circuit diagram of the invention；
Fig. 6 is divider amplification circuit diagram and pressure linear diagram of the invention；
Fig. 7 is pressure threshold switching circuit figure of the invention；
Fig. 8 is that ISP downloader of the invention downloads program to single-chip microcontroller figure；
Fig. 9 is internal system overall structure block diagram of the invention；
Specific embodiment
Presently in connection with Figure of description, the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1:
The essence of sleep breath monitoring is that the quality of sleep quality is assessed by monitoring breath signal.Sleep on the market
Respiration monitor requires to must be able to provide direct diagnostic data, and the sleep-respiratory diagnostic data generally provided includes breathing frequency
The data such as rate, body temperature, eye movement, pulse and blood oxygen.According to needs are combined the characteristics of human body signal, the quasi- selection of the present invention is therein
Four kinds of breathing, body temperature, pulse, electrocardio physiological signals are detected, and are concentrated mainly on breath signal.According to system needs,
Structural block diagram as shown in Figure 1, the present invention are largely divided into three parts: signal acquisition, signal processing, signal display analysis.
High-performance microprocessor ATmega16 is used as the singlechip chip in the present embodiment, passes through amplifier, filtering
Circuit handles electrocardiogram, breathes, the physiological signals such as machcardiogram and body temperature.After being adjusted in effective range (0~25V), send
The port set to processor.Single-chip microcontroller analyzes data, and optimization processing, and it is good critical that single-chip microcontroller writes program setting
It is worth and acquires real-time AD and be compared, then timing is counted by single-chip microcontroller, recording respiration frequency.
Firstly, breathing detection method: by placing a small-sized sound pick-up, patient at the throat position of detected person
There is faint sound variation in sleep-respiratory, then estimates the sleep-respiratory frequency of patient by spectrum analysis.
Body temperature detection method: placing a temperature sensor in human body oxter and be used to detect body temperature, the human body detected
Body temperature shows and records after treatment, the curve that available body temperature changes over time；
Respiratory air flow detection: the flow of gas when respiratory air flow detection includes detection breathing, and air-flow when detection breathing
Caused temperature change and pressure change.Respiratory flow detection method includes capacity breath tester and speed breath tester.Clock-type
Gas meter, flow meter is one of volume breathing detection method.The gas meter, flow meter that the present invention uses is direct-reading meter, and structure is simple, user
Just, it reads intuitively, but is unable to space record.
Respiratory air flow would generally change the temperature in oral cavity and nasal cavity bottom.Therefore, the method that respiratory air flow detects is actually
It is to be realized by pressure sensor.As respiratory air flow passes through, less (1 to 2 DEG C), therefore heat is commonly used in temperature change
Sensing resistance transducer.But sensor can cause measurement error because of the variation of its neighbouring temperature with human contact for a long time.Cause
This, this method is not suitable for long-term continual test.
Pressure detection method: pressure type detection method detects the pressure deformation that breathing generates by pressure sensor,
Respiratory rate is detected indirectly.Sensor uses piezoelectric effect, and sensor is combined with restraining, is then attached to patient's
Thorax abdomen generates deformation by pressure, therefore pressure sensor can detecte pressure signal when patient sleeps' breathing, because
Earthmeter around here is to breath signal.The present invention mainly detects breath signal in this way, and need to select it is suitable
Sensor, therefore it is related to the design of sensor.
Pressure sensor of the invention mainly consists of three layers, varistor layer, conductive circuit layer, laminated polyester film；Work as sensing
When area is by stress, the route of bottom mutually disconnected will be conducted by the varistor layer of top layer, and the resistance output valve of port will
Change with pressure.
Resistance when the human body thorax abdomen sleep-respiratory as shown in Fig. 2 measured using pressure sensor of the invention with
The curve graph of pressure change；
Coordinate value is carried out logarithm log10, and treated that the linearity is very high, is illustrated in figure 3 log10 treated and is linear
Curve graph.
Pressure sensor in the present embodiment is by fixed resistance of connecting, to measure the output electricity at fixed resistance both ends
Pressure.Its partial circuit diagram is as shown in figure 4, formula is:
Vout=Vcc*R0/(R0+Rs)
In above-mentioned formula, VoutFor output voltage, VccTo hold voltage, R0、RsRespectively two fixed resistance resistance values.
Under normal conditions, the value range of fixed resistance resistance value must not exceed the 1/2 of sensor application resistance range
To 1/3.In addition, by selecting fixed resistance appropriate that pressure and output voltage can be made to present within the scope of certain pressure centainly
The linear relationship of degree.According to the resistance requirements of measuring circuit, as shown in figure 5, adding an operational amplifier after divider, to letter
It number amplifies.Divider amplification circuit diagram and pressure linear diagram are as shown in Figure 6.
Pressure sensor of the invention can also connect a pressure threshold switch, as shown in Figure 7, it is by a favour stone
Electric bridge and a voltage comparator are constituted.The high level of output can provide trigger signal for additional device below, such as outer
It connects a relay to carry out control switch and then control LED light, buzzer can also be connect, when occurring can triggering when voltage is excessive
Buzzer realizes alarm.
The collected breath signal of sensor cannot be transmitted directly to single-chip microcontroller, it is therefore desirable to design a mould electricity modulus of conversion
Block, collected breath signal is converted into can be with identified voltage signal, then by AD output, is transferred to microcomputer development
The port of plate.
The single-chip microcontroller of common processing sleep-respiratory signal includes 51 single-chip microcontrollers series, MSP430 etc., drawbacks common: internal
Storage space is inadequate, needs extended pin, and the design has selected Atmega16 singlechip chip.
Advantage:
(1) system may be programmed Flash (having the ability read while write, i.e. RWW) in 16K byte.
(2) possess 32 universaling I/O port lines, 32 general purpose working registers.
(3) debugging and programming in supporting pieces, is not necessarily to extended pin.
Atmega16 chip is a very powerful internal reservoir chip, and possessing enough pins can carry out and hold
Mouth connection, no longer needs to extended pin.And when flash memory area therein updates, bootflash memory program is continued to run, and RWW operation is real
It is existing.ATmega16 becomes a powerful microcontroller and microprocessor.It is provided for many internal control applications being implanted into
Convenient solution.ATmega16 has programming and the system development tool of complete set, comprising: C compiler, macroprogram
Collection, program debugger/software simulator, emulator and evaluation board.
Atmega16 single-chip microcontroller can obtain a respiratory rate value according to the progress spectrum analysis of sound frequency signal；Root again
Respiratory rate is calculated according to following model；
F=(F2-F1/t2-t1)*m
Wherein f is respiratory rate, F2For time t2Corresponding pressure signal value, F1For time t1Corresponding pressure signal value,
M is constant, 0.99 " m " 1.01,10ms < t2-t1<100ms；
Usual above-mentioned m value is all 1, and the respiratory rate value obtained according to pressure detecting is calculated according to above-mentioned model
With the respiratory rate value obtained according to sound frequency signal spectral analysis, it is denoted as f1 and f2 respectively and stores and passes through light-emitting diode display
Display is in favor of subsequent analysis.
So the function that this single-chip microcontroller is mainly realized is that speed counts.The present embodiment to the performance of this single-chip microcontroller into
Row test compiles the program of single-chip microcontroller timing flashing and the program of digital dock timer counter, leads to first by programming
ISP downloader is crossed, the program to improve is downloaded into single-chip microcontroller, whether observation program is correct, and whether microcontroller development board normally shows
Show technical functionality.ISP downloader as shown in Fig. 8 downloads program to single-chip microcontroller figure.
Timer counter source program:
Experimental result shows that single-chip microcontroller is counted in the defined time according to the speed of clock and watch, and the LED on development board is aobvious
Show that module has recorded this timer counter process.
Embodiment 2:
The present invention can also detect human body respiration frequency using non-contact method, and non-contact detection method, which can overcome, to be connect
Deficiency of the touch method in terms of some.
Monitoring of respiration method based on light: this method detects breathing based on grating visual sensor and processing module.Make
The respiratory movement of thorax abdomen is captured, with still camera to determine respiratory rate.High speed desktop computer is connect with video camera
Get up, chest and abdomen caused by respiratory movement move when record is slept.
Breathing detection method based on infrared imagery technique: human body can generate many particles in breathing, in sucking gas
When simultaneously also can many particles of inspiration, but characteristics of contaminated respiratory droplets air-flow generate particle it is more than the particle that external environment generates, than
Such as the background (wall) of external environment, so the particle of exhalation can issue higher energy than background convenient for detection.It is infrared at
As in, this phenomenon is considered as a feature of the dynamic heat of capture.Therefore, highly sensitive infrared imaging can be passed through
System monitoring respiratory function.Written in water but since this phenomenon intensity is low, the processing of characteristic value is a main skill
Art difficult point.Neck area is measured using thermal imaging camera, then the temperature change of arteria carotis complex region and nasal region makes
Respiratory rate is derived with wavelet analysis technology.
Monitoring of respiration method based on Bioradar: some researchers are it has been reported that a kind of contactless monitoring of respiration
System.The system is referred to as radar life sign monitor, is more than the life of 10 meters of sportsman for monitoring distance.Using more
It is general to strangle effect to detect the sign for breathing caused chest exercise.
Embodiment 3:
Fig. 9 is the general internal structure design drawing of the system of the present embodiment, by internal structure chart it will be seen that exhaling
The external pressure sensor of receiver port is inhaled, the thorax abdomen for being fixed on human body is combined with restraining, mould electricity modulus of conversion is inscribed
Pressure signal is converted to electric signal, then accesses wireless transport module by block, and voltage signal is sent to single chip computer AT mega processing
Device, naturally it is also possible to select wired input to connect, sleep breath monitoring instrument main body is mainly made of four parts, and AD signal connects
Receiving end mouth is responsible for receiving the voltage signal of wireless transport module transmission, and 16 chip processor of ATmega is inscribed, and ISP is accessed in upper end
Downloader downloads to the program write in single-chip microcontroller, lower end access LED display, single-chip microcontroller processing analysis data after
It is shown on LED display.
The use of wireless transport module can allow patient not have to wear sleep breath monitoring instrument at one's side, when family has always
When people, restraining can be worn on old man, and sleep breath monitoring instrument is taken care of by children, in this way when old man sleeps
When adnormal respiration, detector can trigger alarm, and sleep-respiratory frequency anomaly can be also shown on screen, and children can go at the first time
The health status for checking patient, makes emergency measure in time.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；Although referring to aforementioned each reality
Applying example, invention is explained in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that: it still can be to aforementioned each
Technical solution documented by embodiment is modified, or equivalent substitution of some or all of the technical features；And
These are modified or replaceed, the range for technical solution of various embodiments of the present invention that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution,
It should all cover within the scope of the claims and the description of the invention.
Claims (10)
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| WO2021237742A1 (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2021-12-02 | 深圳迈瑞生物医疗电子股份有限公司 | Monitoring device having non-contact physiological sign monitoring function |
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