CN104257353A - Sleep apnea syndrome detecting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a sleep apnea syndrome detection system, which consists of a protection circuit, an impedance type breathing detection module, an electrocardiographic signal detection module, an acceleration detection module, a mouth and nose breathing detection module, a processor module, and a wireless communication module. Detection equipment, processing and diagnosis equipment, and a thermistor sensor for detecting mouth and nose breathing airflow, positive electrode and negative electrode for detecting human chest breathing and electrocardiogram signals. The use of the above-mentioned device does not require hospitalization, and the device is simple and will not cause physical and psychological burden. At the same time, the device can detect the breathing state of different parts of the human body in multiple directions to achieve the purpose of classification and diagnosis of sleep apnea syndrome, and the device is easy to operate and can be used at home.

Description

A detection system for sleep apnea syndrome

technical field

The invention relates to the field of wearable intelligent diagnostic equipment, in particular to a sleep apnea syndrome detection system.

Background technique

Among the people who snore, about 20% of them often suffer from breath-holding symptoms when sleeping, which is medically called sleep apnea syndrome. Sleep apnea syndrome (sleep apnea syndrome, SAS) refers to the occurrence of apnea and (or) hypopnea during sleep due to various reasons, causing repeated intermittent hypoxemia and hypercapnia episodes, resulting in the occurrence of A clinical syndrome of a series of pathophysiological changes. According to the survey, about 40 million people in my country suffer from the disease at present. People suffering from this disease are prone to symptoms such as daytime sleepiness, irritability, fatigue, and decreased work efficiency, and are prone to high blood pressure, coronary heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease. The continuous dynamic monitoring of sleep physiological parameters is of great significance to human health and medical treatment, and is also an indispensable technical means for the detection of respiratory events during sleep. The detection of respiratory events during sleep is an important basis for clinical diagnosis.

Apnea refers to the complete cessation of airflow through the mouth and nose for more than 10 seconds during sleep; hypopnea refers to a decrease in the amplitude of respiratory airflow by more than 50% compared with the baseline level, accompanied by a 4% decrease in blood oxygen saturation compared with the baseline level; sleep apnea hypopnea index (apnea-hypopnea index, AHI) refers to the sum of the number of apnea and hypopnea per hour of sleep.

Sleep apnea is clinically divided into three types according to the movement of the chest and abdomen during sleep apnea. ①Obstructive type: refers to the thoracoabdominal breathing still exists during apnea, and this type is the most common; ②Central type: refers to the disappearance of thoracoabdominal breathing during apnea; ③Mixed type: refers to a central apnea at the beginning Type apnea followed by obstructive type apnea.

At present, the commonly used method for detecting sleep apnea is to monitor the patient with a polyconductive physiological sleep detector (Polysomnography, PSG) all night in the hospital. There are many physiological parameters monitored by PSG, which is helpful for doctors to make comprehensive judgments and give accurate diagnostic results. But at the same time, due to the large number of sensors used in PSG, the equipment is bulky and inconvenient to move, and patients need to be hospitalized for monitoring. The resulting changes in the sleeping environment and the impact of monitoring equipment make it difficult to fall asleep, which in turn affects the accuracy of diagnosis. Moreover, the monitoring equipment is expensive and complicated to operate, making it difficult to popularize and apply it in families. However, most of the equipment widely used in the family today is for the measurement of a single part, which cannot comprehensively analyze the human breath, making it difficult to accurately locate and diagnose.

Patent CN201210010908 discloses a primary screening system for patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome, which uses chest straps and abdominal straps to monitor chest and abdomen breathing movements. Patent CN201420109006 discloses a portable sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome screening device, which only uses a blood oxygen probe to measure pulse wave, blood oxygen value and pulse rate value, and judges whether it is sleep apnea hypopnea by oxygen desaturation index Patients with ventilator syndrome and their severity.

The problem in the above-mentioned prior art is that the user needs to adjust the tightness of the strap by himself. If it is too loose, the small breathing movement cannot be measured, and if it is too tight, it will cause discomfort to the user and affect normal breathing. Exercise will affect the accuracy of measurement; the use of blood oxygen probes cannot directly detect respiratory movement, and apnea events can only be detected when the apnea is prolonged and the blood oxygen saturation drops significantly. Studies have shown that only a few An apneic event can cause changes in blood oxygen saturation.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A detection system for sleep apnea syndrome, which is composed of a sensor group, sleep breathing detection equipment and processing and diagnosis equipment; the sensor group contains positive electrodes and negative electrodes for sensing human chest breathing and electrocardiogram signals, and is used for sensing mouth and nose breathing airflow Thermistor sensor; sleep breathing detection equipment contains protection circuit, impedance breathing detection module, ECG signal detection module, acceleration detection module, mouth and nose breathing detection module, processor module, wireless communication module; positive electrode and negative electrode through The protection circuit is connected with the impedance respiration detection module and the ECG signal detection module; the thermistor sensor is connected with the mouth and nose respiration detection module; The processor module is connected to the wireless communication module; the wireless communication module is connected to the processing and diagnosis equipment; the processing and diagnosis equipment includes a data processing module, a data storage and playback module, a real-time monitoring and abnormal alarm module, and a diagnosis and reporting module.

The data processing module in the processing device receives and processes various signals sent by the detection device; the processed data is stored and played back through the data storage and playback module, and at the same time detects the abnormality of breathing and electrocardiogram through the real-time detection and abnormal alarm module Events and alarms, and finally through the diagnosis and reporting module to analyze and diagnose the stored records and generate reports.

The ECG signal detection module provides the amplification and filtering functions of the ECG signal.

The acceleration sensor provides the functions of the abdominal breathing state and sleeping position state of the human body during sleep, obtains the abdominal breathing state through the value change of the acceleration sensor, and regularly collects and transmits the body position signal to the processor through the measurement of the direction of the acceleration of gravity.

The positive and negative electrodes are used to apply the excitation signal of the impedance breathing detection module to the human body, and at the same time detect the feedback signal to measure the chest impedance to obtain the chest breathing signal; the positive and negative electrodes are also used to sense the heart The electrical signal is output to the ECG signal detection module.

The thermistor respiratory flow detection module acquires respiratory signals by detecting temperature changes of nasal breath and oral respiratory airflow, and amplifies and filters the acquired signals to reach the processor module.

The treatment and diagnosis equipment can be realized based on any one of smart phone, tablet computer and computer.

The use of the above-mentioned device does not require hospitalization, and the device is simple and will not cause physical and psychological burden. At the same time, the device can detect the breathing state of different parts of the human body in multiple directions to achieve the purpose of classification and diagnosis of sleep apnea syndrome, and the device is easy to operate and can be used at home.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 human body illustration of the present invention

Structural block diagram of the present invention of Fig. 2

Figure 3 Functional block diagram of sleep apnea syndrome monitoring and classification diagnosis software process

Detailed ways

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for detecting apnea events in the sleep state of the human body, classifying and diagnosing sleep apnea syndrome, assessing cardiovascular health status and detecting sleep positions, which can be used for self-monitoring of sub-healthy people. The system includes a wearable sensor set, sleep breathing detection equipment, and processing diagnostic equipment. The system design can minimize the impact on the normal sleep of the human body, and the functions that require high-performance hardware support, such as data storage, analysis, display, and diagnostic analysis, can be designed based on intelligent terminal equipment to minimize equipment costs.

The technical solutions in the implementation examples of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the system includes: protection circuit, impedance breathing detection module, ECG signal detection module, acceleration detection module, mouth and nose breathing detection module, processor module, wireless communication module sleep breathing detection equipment 1. Processing diagnostic equipment 2, and a thermistor sensor 3 for detecting the respiratory airflow of the mouth and nose, a positive electrode 4 and a negative electrode 5 for detecting human chest breathing and electrocardiogram signals.

The positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are connected to the impedance respiration detection module and the ECG signal detection module through the protection circuit; the thermistor sensor is connected to the mouth and nose respiration detection module; The module and the mouth and nose breathing detection module are respectively connected to the wireless communication module through the processor module; the wireless communication module is connected to the processing and diagnosis equipment 2; the processing and diagnosis equipment 2 includes a data processing module, a data storage and playback module, a real-time monitoring and abnormal alarm module , and the Diagnostics and Reporting module.

In this embodiment, the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 are respectively placed on the left chest and the right chest of the human body for sensing chest respiration and ECG signals; the positive electrode 4 and the negative electrode 5 apply the excitation signal of the impedance breathing detection module to the human body, and simultaneously detect the feedback signal to obtain the chest respiration signal; the positive and negative electrodes 4 and 5 are simultaneously used to sense the ECG signal and transmit it to the ECG signal detection module.

The ECG signal detection module provides the amplification and filtering functions of the ECG signal. The electrocardiographic signal is induced by the electrocardiographic electrode, reaches the protection circuit through the lead wire, is amplified and filtered by the electrocardiographic signal detection module, and reaches the processor module.

The thermistor respiratory airflow detection module obtains respiratory signals by detecting the temperature changes of nasal breath and oral respiratory airflow, and amplifies and filters the acquired signals to reach the processor.

In this embodiment, the thermistor sensor 3 is placed at the mouth and nose of the human body, and is used to detect the airflow of the mouth and nose breathing and collect temperature signals, and then transmit the relevant signals to the mouth and nose breathing detection module.

In this embodiment, the acceleration detection module is placed in the sleep breathing detection device 1, and the sleep breathing detection device 1 is placed in the abdomen of the human body. Obtain the abdominal respiration state through the numerical change of the acceleration sensor, and regularly realize the collection and transmission of the body position signal to the processor through the measurement of the direction of the acceleration of gravity, so as to realize the detection of the abdominal respiration signal and the human sleeping position.

The processor module simply processes the signals of respiration, electrocardiogram and body position, and sends them to the processing and diagnosis device 2 through the wireless communication module for further processing.

The treatment diagnosis device 2 can be realized based on (including but not limited to) a smart phone, a tablet computer, a computer or similar self-made devices with computing functions.

The processing and diagnosis equipment 2 includes a data processing module, a data storage and playback module, a real-time monitoring and abnormal alarm module, and a diagnosis and reporting module, which can realize data processing, storage and playback of sleep physiological signals, sleep apnea, real-time detection and alarm, sleep Classification diagnosis of apnea, sleep position detection function. In this embodiment, it is implemented in the form of monitoring software based on an intelligent terminal.

Fig. 3 is a schematic flowchart of an implementation method of intelligent terminal monitoring software.

The monitoring software first initializes the processing and diagnosis equipment, and then the user performs function selection. If real-time monitoring is performed, wireless communication needs to be established to receive data. After data processing and real-time analysis, it is judged whether the ECG is abnormal and whether there is a long-term pause in breathing; if there is abnormal ECG or apnea, the monitoring software can control the smart terminal Sound or vibration alarm, and store the above-mentioned processed data; if the user selects the playback function, the monitoring software will read the stored records, perform electrocardiogram analysis, sleep position analysis and apnea statistical analysis, and according to the time of apnea Classification and diagnosis of the movement of the chest and abdomen, judging whether the human sleep apnea is obstructive, central or mixed, and finally generating and displaying a report.

Finally, it should be noted that the embodiments described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings are only preferred implementations of the present invention, rather than limiting the protection scope of the present invention. Any improvement or equivalent replacement based on the spirit of the present invention, as long as it does not depart from The spirit and scope of the invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a sleep apnea syndrome detection system, is made up of sensor group, sleep-respiratory checkout equipment and process diagnostic device; Sensor group contains anelectrode, negative electrode for responding to human chest breathing and ECG signal, for responding to the thermistor (temperature) sensor of mouth and nose respiratory air flow; Sleep-respiratory checkout equipment contains protection circuit, impedance type respiration detection module, ECG signal sampling module, acceleration detection module, mouth and nose respiration detection module, processor module, wireless communication module; Anelectrode is connected with ECG signal sampling module with impedance type respiration detection module by protection circuit with negative electrode; Thermistor (temperature) sensor is connected with mouth and nose respiration detection module; Impedance type respiration detection module, ECG signal sampling module, acceleration detection module, mouth and nose respiration detection module are connected with wireless communication module respectively by processor module; Wireless communication module is connected with process diagnostic device again; Process diagnostic device contains data processing module, data window techniques module, Real-Time Monitoring and abnormal alarm module, and diagnoses and reporting modules.

2. a kind of sleep apnea syndrome detection system according to claim 1, is characterized in that data processing module in treatment facility receives various types of signal that checkout equipment sends and to go forward side by side row relax; Data after process carry out storage and reproduce by data window techniques module, breathe with Electrocardiographic anomalous event by detecting in real time to detect with abnormal alarm module and report to the police simultaneously, finally by diagnose and reporting modules is carried out analyzing and diagnosing to stored record and generates report.

3. a kind of sleep apnea syndrome detection system according to claim 1, is characterized in that ECG signal sampling module provides amplification and the filter function of electrocardiosignal.

4. a kind of sleep apnea syndrome detection system according to claim 1, the function of human abdomen's breathing state and sleep position state when it is characterized in that acceleration transducer provides sleep, obtain abdominal respiration state by acceleration transducer change in value, and timing realizes the collect and transmit of body position signal to described processor by the measurement in acceleration of gravity direction.

5. a kind of sleep apnea syndrome detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that anelectrode, negative electrode are for being applied to human body by the pumping signal of described impedance type respiration detection module, and detect feedback signal to measure chest impedance acquisition chest breath signal simultaneously; Anelectrode, negative electrode, simultaneously also for responding to electrocardiosignal, export described ECG signal sampling module to.

6. a kind of sleep apnea syndrome detection system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that critesistor respiratory flow detection module is by detecting the variations in temperature of breath and oral cavity respiratory air flow, obtain breath signal, and amplification filtering is carried out to obtained signal, arrive described processor module.

7. a kind of sleep apnea syndrome detection system according to claim 1, is characterized in that process diagnostic device can based on smart mobile phone, panel computer, the arbitrary realization of computer.