CN109161835A - 一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层的方法 - Google Patents
一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
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Abstract
一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC‑12Co复合涂层的方法，属于材料表面改性复合处理技术，方法科学，制备原理清晰。通过超音速火焰喷涂在H13热作模具钢表面制备的WC‑12Co涂层提高了基体表面硬度，增强了颗粒的耐磨性能，同时，减小了涂层与基体间的硬度梯度，为AlCrTiN涂层的使用提供了保障。通过阴极离子镀在WC‑12Co涂层表面制备了AlCrTiN涂层，获得本发明所制备的AlCrTiN/WC‑12Co复合涂层，具有立方结构的氮化物相，进一步提高了其表面硬度、抗氧化性能和热稳定性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于材料表面改性复合处理技术，涉及一种阴极离子镀与超音速火焰喷涂在热作模具钢表面的处理方法，具体的说是特指一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层的方法。
背景技术
钢，被称为“当代社会的物质基础”。作为一种基础合金钢，H13热作模具钢具有良好的耐磨、耐腐和机械强度，广泛地用于锻压、铸造和压铸等模具制造。为满足热作模具的使用要求，近年来，已经研发出许多等级的模具钢。由于热作模具长期处于高温和高载的工作环境中，开发新型模具钢已经不能满足磨损性能的需求，因此，需要采用涂层技术对其进行表面改性处理，从而达到提高磨损性能的目的。
阴极离子镀是一种在一定温度范围内通过沉积几微米厚的涂层来提高耐磨损性能，通过该技术制备的过渡金属氮化物陶瓷涂层具有高的硬度、耐磨和热稳定性等。但是在H13热作模具钢表面沉积的涂层与基体的硬度差异较大，这可能会造成在服役条件下涂层易发生磨损而失效。通过阴极离子镀制备的单层涂层已限制了其应用范围，不能满足实际生产的需求。超音速火焰喷涂是一种将熔化或半熔化的颗粒喷涂至基体表面而形成涂层的方法，增大了喷涂颗粒的动能，缩短了颗粒的飞行时间,在材料的表面改性处理工程中得到了广泛的应用。为弥补上述单一处理技术的不足，本发明专利提出了阴极离子镀与超音速火焰喷涂复合制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co涂层的方法，所制备涂层在提高耐磨性能的同时，又减小了涂层与基体之间的硬度梯度，保证了涂层与基体的结合力，己成为材料表面处理的发展方向之一。
发明内容
本发明是针对阴极离子镀涂层在服役条件下易发生磨损失效，不能满足实际生产需求的情况，提出了一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层的方法。通过超音速火焰喷涂技术在热作模具钢表面制备了一层WC-12Co涂层，然后再利用阴极离子镀技术在WC-12Co涂层表面沉积了一层AlCrTiN涂层，从而获得AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层。通过该方法制备的AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层表面致密，具有稳定立方结构的氮化物相，提高了热作模具的表面硬度、耐磨损性能和热稳定性。
本发明的技术方案是：一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将基体放置于乙醇溶液中进行超声清洗20分钟，然后将其取出，吹干，再使用40目的刚玉对基体表面进行喷砂粗化处理；
(2)首先在XM-8000型超音速喷射系统上喷涂WC-12Co涂层，以航空煤油作为燃料，氧气作为助燃气体，氮气作为送粉气体；
(3)采用W0.05型金刚石抛光剂将所制备的WC-12Co涂层研磨，并抛光至镜面后，在乙醇溶液中超声清洗15分钟，除去WC-12Co涂层表面上的杂质和油污，经恒温干燥后，将其放入镀膜系统中进行沉积；
(4)在镀膜前，采用辉光溅射方法清洗样品15分钟，电弧轰击清理靶40分钟，加热WC-12Co涂层至500℃，当电压为-300V时，利用Ti和Cr靶轰击WC-12Co涂层表面10分钟。当工作气体N2进入时，Al靶开始在-100V的偏压下轰击试样60分钟，沉积2小时后，即获得本发明专利所制备的AlCrTiN涂层。
步骤(2)中所述的超音速火焰喷涂是在油压为1.25MPa，氧气压力为1.58MPa，水温控制在35℃，喷涂压力为0.95MPa的条件下进行。
步骤(3)中所述的沉积是在系统本底真空度为2×10-3Pa，氮气为反应气体，氩气为保护气体，工作温度为300℃，靶电流为60A，氩气压力为5Pa的条件下进行。
本发明的有益效果为：本发明提供的一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层方法，方法科学，制备原理清晰。通过超音速火焰喷涂在H13热作模具表面制备的WC-12Co涂层提高了基体表面硬度，增强了其耐磨损性能，减小了基体与涂层之间的硬度梯度，为AlCrTiN涂层的使用提供了保障。通过阴极离子镀在WC-12Co涂层表面制备的AlCrTiN涂层具有立方结构的氮化物相，提高了其表面硬度、抗氧化性能和热稳定性能。
附图说明
图1 为本发明中超音速火焰喷涂工作示意图。
图2 为本发明中阴极离子镀工作示意图。
图3 为本发明中WC-12Co涂层表面形貌图。
图4 为本发明中WC-12Co涂层断面形貌图。
图5 为本发明中WC-12Co涂层XRD分析图。
图6 为本发明中AlCrTiN/WC-12Co涂层表面形貌图。
图7 为本发明中AlCrTiN/WC-12Co涂层断面低倍形貌图。
图8 为本发明中AlCrTiN/WC-12Co涂层断面高倍形貌图。
图9 为本发明中AlCrTiN/WC-12Co涂层XRD分析图。
具体实施方式
下面通过本发明的技术方案、附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
(1)将热作模具钢基体样品放置于乙醇溶液中超声清洗20分钟后，去除基体上的油污和杂质，然后再采用40目的刚玉对基体表面进行喷砂粗化处理。
(2)喷涂WC-12Co涂层时以航空煤油作为燃料，将氧气作为助燃气体，将氮气作为送粉气体，油压为1.25MPa，氧气压力为1.58MPa，水温控制在35℃，喷涂压力为0.95MPa，如图1所示。
(3)所制备的WC-12Co涂层表面组织致密，孔隙率低，如图3所示。涂层与基体紧密结合，无脱落和裂纹，如图4所示。
(4)WC-12Co涂层是由WC和Co相组成，无其他杂质相，如图5所示。
(5)为消除WC-12Co涂层粗糙度对沉积AlCrTiN涂层的影响，采用W0.05型金刚石抛光剂对制备的WC-12Co涂层进行研磨，并抛光至镜面，然后在乙醇溶液中超声清洗15分钟，除去WC-12Co涂层表面上的杂质和油污，在样品干燥后，将其放入镀膜系统中等待沉积。
(6)真空室的本底真空度为2×10-3Pa，氮气为反应气体，氩气为保护气体，工作温度为300℃，靶电流为60A，Ar气压为5Pa。如图2所示，在镀膜前，采用辉光溅射的方法清洗样品15分钟，电弧轰击清理靶40分钟，基体加热至500℃。当电压为-300V时，采用Ti和Cr靶轰击WC-12Co涂层10分钟后，氮气进入真空室后，Al靶开始在-100V的偏压条件下轰击WC-12Co涂层表面60分钟，沉积2小时后，即获得所制备的AlCrTiN涂层。
(7)所制备的AlCrTiN涂层表面较平整，具有典型的阴极离子镀的特征，如图6所示。AlCrTiN/WC-12Co涂层与基体断面过渡平滑，无微孔和裂纹出现，如图7、8所示。
(8)所制备的AlCrTiN涂层中Ti、Al和Cr与N形成了氮化物相，具有稳定的立方结构，提高了涂层硬度和耐磨性能，如图9所示。
Claims (3)
1.一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)将基体放置于乙醇溶液中进行超声清洗20分钟，然后取出吹干后，再使用40目的刚玉对基体表面进行喷砂粗化处理；
(2)首先采用XM-8000型超音速喷射系统喷涂WC-12Co涂层，以航空煤油作为燃料，氧气作为助燃气体，氮气作为送粉气体；
(3)采用W0.05型金刚石抛光剂将所制备的WC-12Co涂层研磨，并抛光至镜面抛光，然后在乙醇溶液中超声清洗15分钟，除去试样表面上的杂质和油污，经恒温干燥后，将其放入镀膜系统中进行沉积；
(4)在镀膜前，采用辉光溅射的方法清洗样品15分钟，电弧轰击清理靶40分钟，基体被加热至500℃，当电压为-300V时，采用Ti和Cr靶轰击基体表面10分钟，当氮气进入时，Al靶开始在-100V的偏压条件下轰击基体表面60分钟，沉积2小时后，即获得本发明专利所所制备的AlCrTiN涂层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层的方法，其特征在于：步骤(2)中所述的超音速火焰喷涂是在油压为1.25MPa，氧气压力为1.58MPa，水温控制在35℃，喷涂压力为0.95MPa的条件下进行。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种热作模具钢表面制备AlCrTiN/WC-12Co复合涂层的方法，其特征在于：步骤(3)中所述的沉积是在系统本底真空度为2×10-3Pa，氮气为反应气体，氩气为保护气体，工作温度为300℃，靶电流为60A，氩气压力为5Pa的条件下进行。
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| CN110923630A (zh) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-27 | 北京师范大学 | 一种超高速电机轴承表面处理方法 |
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