CN109159424B - Scanning control method and device for three-dimensional object manufacturing and readable storage medium - Google Patents
Scanning control method and device for three-dimensional object manufacturing and readable storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN109159424B CN109159424B CN201810946214.6A CN201810946214A CN109159424B CN 109159424 B CN109159424 B CN 109159424B CN 201810946214 A CN201810946214 A CN 201810946214A CN 109159424 B CN109159424 B CN 109159424B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract 11
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract 24
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- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims 3
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B29C64/393—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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Abstract
A scanning control method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object and a device and a readable storage medium thereof are provided, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring a current layer working area to be scanned, and partitioning the current layer working area by adopting a plurality of partition boundary lines which rotate integrally by an angle alpha relative to a plurality of partition boundary lines of a previous layer working area to obtain a plurality of partition areas; judging whether a plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are consistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area; when the areas are inconsistent, scanning a plurality of subarea areas obtained by the subareas in sequence; otherwise, the boundary lines of the plurality of subareas are translated by the preset distance delta d integrally, and the subarea areas obtained by the translated boundary lines of the subareas are scanned in sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of three-dimensional printing, in particular to a scanning control method and a device thereof for manufacturing a three-dimensional object and a readable storage medium.
Background
An Additive Manufacturing technology (AM for short) is also called as 3D printing, and is an advanced Manufacturing technology with distinct characteristics of digital Manufacturing, high flexibility and adaptability, direct CAD model driving, rapidness, rich and diverse material types and the like, and has become a supporting column technology in modern advanced Manufacturing technologies since the development in the late eighties of the twentieth century. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) is one of the most rapidly developed additive manufacturing technologies in recent years, and it uses powder material as raw material, and adopts Laser to scan the cross section of a three-dimensional entity layer by layer to complete prototype manufacturing, and is not limited by the complexity of the workpiece shape, and does not need any tooling die, and its application range is wide.
In the SLM process, a three-dimensional model of a workpiece needs to be sliced in pre-processing software to obtain printed information of each layer of the workpiece, and a laser scanning path is planned. In the printing process, a certain amount of powder is sent to a working table by a powder feeding device, a layer of powder material is flatly paved on the upper surface of a formed workpiece in a forming cylinder by a powder paving scraper, and a vibrating mirror system controls a laser to scan a solid part of a powder layer according to a planned scanning path so as to melt the powder and bond the powder with the formed part below; after one layer of cross section is sintered, the working table is lowered by one layer, the powder spreading scraper is used for spreading a layer of uniform and compact powder on the working table, the scanning sintering of a new layer of cross section is carried out, and the whole prototype manufacturing is completed through scanning and stacking of a plurality of layers.
The heat distribution of the area scanned by the laser in the selective laser melting process is concentrated, and a large temperature gradient is easily formed between the area and the surrounding powder which is not scanned by the laser, so that the problems of warping deformation, cracking and the like are caused. In consideration of the fact that the variation of the scanning method such as the scanning path, the scanning power, the scanning speed, and the scanning pitch of the laser during the construction process affects the distribution of the heat and the distribution of the residual stress, and further affects the final manufacturing effect, the design of the laser scanning method has been a subject of research in the art.
In the prior art, in order to discretely distribute residual stress, a scanning profile is usually partitioned and then processed in a certain scanning manner. The scanning modes adopted at present mainly comprise parallel line scanning, contour equidistant line scanning and mixed scanning of the parallel line scanning and the contour equidistant line scanning. Common partitioning methods include a strip type, a checkerboard type, a honeycomb type and the like. In an actual SLM forming process, after a certain layer is sintered, a laser scanning path needs to rotate by an angle when scanning of a subsequent layer is performed, so as to reduce the generation of internal stress.
However, in the sectional scanning method (e.g. stripe type) in the prior art, if the rotation angle between layers is 180 °, 90 °, 60 °, 45 °, 30 °, etc. which can be completely divided by 360 °, after each rotation of several times, the boundary of the current layer and the boundary of the previous layer completely overlap with each other, so that the surface of the finally printed workpiece has obvious accumulated weld marks, which seriously affects the appearance quality, and meanwhile, the inside of the workpiece has large internal stress, which easily causes the boundary warpage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a scanning control method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object, a device thereof and a readable storage medium thereof, wherein the scanning control method reduces internal stress and improves the appearance quality of a workpiece to be printed.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a scan control method for three-dimensional object manufacturing, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a current layer working area to be scanned, and partitioning the current layer working area by adopting a plurality of partition boundary lines which integrally rotate by an angle alpha relative to a plurality of partition boundary lines of a previous layer working area to obtain a plurality of partition areas, wherein the angle alpha ranges from 0 degree to 180 degrees;
judging whether a plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are consistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area;
when a plurality of partition boundary lines of a current layer working area are inconsistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area, scanning a plurality of partition areas obtained by partitioning the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area in sequence;
when the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are consistent with the plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area, the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are integrally translated by a preset distance delta d, and the plurality of partition areas obtained by the translated partition boundary lines in a partition mode are sequentially scanned.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of segment boundary lines are parallel to each other.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, an angle between the scanning line in each divisional area and a divisional boundary line of the divisional area is β, and β is 20 ° to 160 °.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, β of the adjacent divisional areas are not equal.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the preset distance Δ d of each overall translation of the plurality of partition boundary lines of the working area is the same, and Δ d = k × t, where k-int (k) e (1/4, 3/4) t is the width of two adjacent partition boundary lines parallel to each other.
As a further preferred embodiment of the invention, k is an infinite acyclic decimal between 1/4 and 3/4.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, when the rotation angle α of the plurality of partition boundary lines of each layer of the working area is the same, it is determined whether the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer of the working area are consistent with the plurality of partition boundary lines of any one layer of the working area before:
by the formula i =
Obtaining i;
judging that a plurality of partition boundary lines of a working area of the I layer are consistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of a working area of the starting layer every time the I layer passes from the starting layer, otherwise, the boundary lines are inconsistent;
where N is a positive integer and i is the smallest positive integer where 180 x N can be evenly divided by α.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, when it is determined that the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current-layer working area are consistent with the plurality of partition boundary lines of any one of the previous-layer working areas, the method further includes:
the number of layers, which is different from the current layer, of any one layer in front of a plurality of partition boundary lines of the working area is set as c;
when c is smaller than a preset value, integrally translating a plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area by a preset distance delta d; otherwise, the translation step is not executed.
The invention also provides a scan control apparatus for three-dimensional object manufacturing, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of any of the above methods when executing the computer program.
The invention also provides a readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the stored computer program realizes the steps of the method according to any one of the above when executed by a processor.
The scanning control method for manufacturing the three-dimensional object comprises the steps of obtaining a current layer working area to be scanned, and partitioning the current layer working area by adopting a plurality of partition boundary lines which integrally rotate by an angle alpha relative to a plurality of partition boundary lines of a previous layer working area to obtain a plurality of partition areas, wherein the angle alpha is 0-180 degrees; judging whether a plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are consistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area; when a plurality of partition boundary lines of a current layer working area are inconsistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area, scanning a plurality of partition areas obtained by partitioning the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area in sequence; when a plurality of subarea boundary lines of the current layer working area are consistent with a plurality of subarea boundary lines of any previous layer working area, the plurality of subarea boundary lines of the current layer working area are translated by a preset distance delta d integrally, and a plurality of subarea areas obtained by the translated subarea boundary lines are scanned in sequence, so that the invention avoids the defect that the appearance quality of a workpiece is seriously influenced due to the obvious accumulated weld marks on the surface of the workpiece to be printed caused by the complete overlapping of the subarea boundary of the current layer and the subarea boundary of a certain previous layer, namely the appearance quality of the workpiece to be printed is improved, the internal stress of the workpiece to be printed is reduced, and the quality of the workpiece to be printed is improved.
The readable storage medium and the scanning control device for manufacturing the three-dimensional object realize the scanning control method for manufacturing the three-dimensional object, and similarly, the defect that the appearance quality of a workpiece is seriously influenced due to the fact that the obvious accumulated weld marks appear on the surface of the workpiece to be printed caused by the fact that the partition boundary of the current layer is completely overlapped with the partition boundary of a certain previous layer is avoided, namely, the appearance quality of the workpiece to be printed is improved, the internal stress of the workpiece to be printed is reduced, and the quality of the workpiece to be printed is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of scan control for three-dimensional object fabrication in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a stripe zone of an m-th layer according to an embodiment of the present invention provided in a scan control method for three-dimensional object manufacturing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a stripe division of an m + i-th layer according to an embodiment of the present invention provided in a scan control method for three-dimensional object manufacturing;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the mth layer and the m + i layer of an embodiment of the scan control method for three-dimensional object manufacturing according to the present invention;
in fig. 2-4: 1. working area boundary line, 2, partition boundary line.
Detailed Description
Referring to FIG. 1, in one embodiment, there is provided a scan control method for three-dimensional object manufacturing, comprising:
step S1, obtaining a current layer working area to be scanned, and dividing the current layer working area into a plurality of divided areas by adopting a plurality of divided boundary lines which are integrally rotated by an angle alpha relative to a plurality of divided boundary lines of the previous layer working area, wherein the range of alpha is 0-180 degrees.
It should be noted that the working area of each layer is the same, and the boundary lines of the partitions used in each layer are only translated by a certain distance as a whole, and other parameters are the same, such as the width of the boundary lines of the adjacent partitions, the total number of boundary lines of the partitions, and the shape of the boundary lines of the partitions.
Specifically, the working area may be divided into a plurality of strip-shaped areas, that is, strip-shaped areas, by using a plurality of boundary lines for partitioning, where the boundary lines for partitioning are parallel to each other, and certainly, the working area may be partitioned into a plurality of partition areas by using a checkerboard type, a honeycomb type, or the like. Specifically, when a stripe partitioning manner is adopted, in a plurality of partition areas obtained by partitioning the plurality of partition boundary lines, the value of a gap G between adjacent stripe partitions may be-1 mm to 0mm, that is, adjacent stripe partitions may be arranged closely, that is, G =0mm, or a partial overlapping area may exist, that is, G is a negative number; the width w of the preferred stripe sub-section may range from 1mm to 30 mm.
Step S2, judging whether the boundary lines of the multiple subareas of the current layer working area are consistent with the boundary lines of the multiple subareas of any previous layer working area;
it should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the method for controlling scanning is specifically described only by taking the current layer as an example, and the remaining layers to be scanned are all executed by referring to the method of the embodiment. If the current layer is the first layer of the workpiece to be scanned and there is no previous layer, in step S2, it is determined that the boundary lines of the plurality of segments of the current-layer working area are definitely not the same as the boundary lines of the plurality of segments of the previous-layer working area, and step S3 is directly performed.
Step S3, when the boundary lines of the plurality of subareas of the current layer working area are not consistent with the boundary lines of the plurality of subareas of any previous layer working area, scanning the plurality of subarea areas obtained by the plurality of subarea boundary lines of the current layer working area in sequence;
step S4, when the boundary lines of the plurality of divisional areas of the current-layer working area coincide with the boundary lines of any one of the previous-layer working areas, integrally translating the boundary lines of the plurality of divisional areas of the current-layer working area by a preset distance Δ d, and sequentially scanning the plurality of divisional areas obtained by the translation of the boundary lines of the plurality of divisional areas.
Preferably, the angle between the scanning line in each subarea region and the subarea boundary line of the subarea region is beta, and the beta is 20-160 degrees, so that the stress can be better dispersed, and further preferably, the beta of the adjacent subarea regions is not equal, so that the stress can be further dispersed.
In a specific implementation, the preset distances Δ d of each integral translation of the plurality of partition boundary lines of the working area may be the same, or may be different, and preferably, in order to simplify the control difficulty, the preset distances Δ d of each integral translation of the plurality of partition boundary lines of the working area are the same, and Δ d = k ×, where k-int (k) e (1/4, 3/4) is the width of two adjacent partition boundary lines parallel to each other, so that the plurality of partition boundary lines of the working area after translation can be further avoidedThe partition boundary lines are consistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of a certain previous layer of working area, so that the judgment times are increased, and the defect of low working efficiency is caused. As a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, k is an infinite acyclic decimal number between 1/4 and 3/4, and a further preferred value of k is
，
。
In a specific implementation, the rotation α angles of the plurality of partition boundary lines of each layer of the working area may be the same or different, and certainly, in order to further simplify the determination procedure, the rotation α angles of the plurality of partition boundary lines of each layer of the working area may be set to be the same, so that it is not necessary to adopt a complicated manner to determine whether the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer of the working area are the same as the plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer of the working area, and only the formula i = is required to be used
Obtaining i; therefore, the boundary lines of a plurality of subareas of the working area of the starting layer are consistent with the boundary lines of a plurality of subareas of the working area of the starting layer every time the starting layer passes through the layer i, or else, the boundary lines are inconsistent; where N is a positive integer and i is the smallest positive integer where 180 x N can be evenly divided by α. It should be noted that, in this formula, N =1, 2, 3, 4 … … is required to be sequentially substituted into the above formula until the smallest positive integer i is obtained.
Preferably, in order to further improve the working efficiency on the premise of ensuring the appearance quality of the workpiece to be printed, when determining that the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are consistent with the plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area, the method further includes:
the number of layers, which is different from the current layer, of any one layer in front of a plurality of partition boundary lines of the working area is set as c;
when c is smaller than a preset value, integrally translating a plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area by a preset distance delta d; otherwise, the translation step is not executed.
The preset value can be obtained by a designer according to a plurality of experiments, for example, it can be 8 to 16, and of course, in the specific implementation, other specific values can be selected according to specific situations, which is not limited herein.
The invention also provides a scanning control device for manufacturing a three-dimensional object, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, and is characterized in that the processor implements the steps of any one of the methods when executing the computer program.
The invention also provides a readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the stored computer program realizes the steps of the method according to any one of the above when executed by a processor.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood and realized by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below by way of examples with reference to fig. 2 to 4.
In this embodiment, taking stripe partitioning as an example, the rotation angle between layers is set to be α, and after i (i is a positive integer) rotations, the stripe directions are consistent, where the i algorithm is as follows:
(i × α)/180= N (N is a positive integer)
i= (180×N)/α；
Assuming that the current layer is the mth layer, the width of the stripe in the current layer is t, and the stripe direction is as shown in fig. 1;
when the (m + i) th layer is scanned, the stripe direction of the layer is judged to be the same as that of the (m) th layer, so that the stripe is translated by a certain distance delta d along the direction perpendicular to the stripe boundary, as shown in FIG. 2; a further cross-sectional view of the mth layer and the m + i th layer is shown in fig. 3, where it can be seen that translating the strip effectively staggers the zone boundaries 2 of the strip.
And by analogy, strip translation is carried out according to the principle after each i layers, so that the scanning paths of all the layer sections of the workpiece can be simply and quickly planned. Through the technical scheme of this embodiment, can effectively guarantee to stagger the stripe border of mth layer and the m + i, m +2i, m +3i.
It should be noted that the integral translation in the present invention includes not only the conventional meaning, i.e. the translation to a preset direction for a certain distance, but also the following meaning in the present invention: i.e., when moving to one boundary of the working area requires to continue moving, then continuing moving from another boundary of the working area like the inner area of the working area, i.e., the global translation of the present invention means that the circular movement is performed in the working area from the left boundary-right boundary-left boundary-right boundary … … in sequence, as shown in fig. 2-3.
The working area boundary line 1 of the present embodiment includes all boundary lines of the working area.
The technical features of the embodiments described above may be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the embodiments described above are not described, but should be considered as being within the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present patent shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A scan control method for three-dimensional object fabrication, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of obtaining a current layer working area to be scanned, and partitioning the current layer working area by adopting a plurality of partition boundary lines which integrally rotate by an angle alpha relative to a plurality of partition boundary lines of a previous layer working area to obtain a plurality of partition areas, wherein the angle alpha ranges from 0 degree to 180 degrees;
judging whether a plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are consistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area;
when a plurality of partition boundary lines of a current layer working area are inconsistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area, scanning a plurality of partition areas obtained by partitioning the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area in sequence;
when the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are consistent with the plurality of partition boundary lines of any previous layer working area, the plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area are integrally translated by a preset distance delta d, and the plurality of partition areas obtained by the translated partition boundary lines in a partition mode are sequentially scanned.
2. The scan control method for three-dimensional object fabrication according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of divisional boundary lines are parallel to each other.
3. The scan control method for three-dimensional object fabrication according to claim 2, wherein the scan line in each divisional area makes an angle β with a divisional boundary line of the divisional area, said β being 20 ° -160 °.
4. The scan control method for three-dimensional object fabrication of claim 3, wherein β of adjacent subarea regions is not equal.
5. The scanning control method for three-dimensional object fabrication according to claim 4, characterized in that said plurality of section boundary lines of the working area are each globally translated by a same preset distance Δ d, and Δ d = k × t, where k-INT (k) e (1/4, 3/4), t is the width of two adjacent section boundary lines parallel to each other.
6. The scan control method for three-dimensional object fabrication of claim 5, wherein k is an infinite acyclic decimal between 1/4 and 3/4.
7. The scan control method for three-dimensional object fabrication as recited in claim 6, wherein when the plurality of segment boundary lines of each layer of the working area are rotated by the same angle α, it is determined whether the plurality of segment boundary lines of the current layer of the working area coincide with the plurality of segment boundary lines of any one previous layer of the working area by:
by the formula i =
Obtaining i;
judging that a plurality of partition boundary lines of a working area of the I layer are consistent with a plurality of partition boundary lines of a working area of the starting layer every time the I layer passes from the starting layer, otherwise, the boundary lines are inconsistent;
where N is a positive integer and i is the smallest positive integer where 180 x N can be evenly divided by α.
8. The scan control method for three-dimensional object fabrication according to claim 7, when it is judged that the plurality of divisional boundary lines of the current-layer working area coincide with the plurality of divisional boundary lines of any one of the previous-layer working areas, further comprising:
the number of layers, which is different from the current layer, of any one layer in front of a plurality of partition boundary lines of the working area is set as c;
when c is smaller than a preset value, integrally translating a plurality of partition boundary lines of the current layer working area by a preset distance delta d; otherwise, the translation step is not executed.
9. Scanning control device for three-dimensional object manufacturing, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor realizes the steps of the method according to any of claims 1-8 when executing the computer program.
10. A readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN112170839A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2021-01-05 | 西安铂力特增材技术股份有限公司 | Efficient multi-laser printing method |
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| CN105643925A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2016-06-08 | 三纬国际立体列印科技股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional printing device |
| CN107116216A (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-09-01 | 哈尔滨福沃德多维智能装备有限公司 | A kind of 3D printing laser scanning new method |
| CN107708971A (en) * | 2016-04-07 | 2018-02-16 | Cl产权管理有限公司 | For the method at least one scanning system for calibrating SLS systems or SLM system |
| JP2018065366A (en) * | 2016-10-17 | 2018-04-26 | シーメット株式会社 | A method for setting the scan trajectory range of a 3d printer by using a laser |
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