CN110126266A - A kind of three-dimension object manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object, comprising: scanning at least one layer of all layers of the three-dimensional object to be printed in a first manner until a printed three-dimensional object is obtained; placing the printed three-dimensional object in a melting furnace, Melting and sintering the powder filled in the outline of the printed three-dimensional object to obtain the final three-dimensional object; wherein, the first method specifically includes: obtaining the current layer section information of the three-dimensional object to be printed; identifying all the current layer section information Contour boundary line, calculate at least one contour spacing parameter formed by the contour boundary line; judge whether to set a support line in the contour area corresponding to the contour spacing according to the size of the contour spacing parameter; for all the contour boundary lines and supports contained in the current layer section The scanning workload of the support line is far less than that of the filling scanning in the present invention, so a large number of scanning tasks of the original filling part are greatly reduced, and the work efficiency is improved.

Description

A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional object

technical field

The present application relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object.

Background technique

Additive Manufacturing (AM for short), also known as 3D printing, is an advanced manufacturing technology with distinctive features such as digital manufacturing, high flexibility and adaptability, direct CAD model drive, fast speed, and rich and diverse material types. Since its development in the late 1980s, it has become a pillar technology in modern advanced manufacturing technology. Powder bed fusion technology is one of the fastest-growing additive manufacturing technologies in recent years. Its basic working principle is: it is necessary to slice the 3D model of the workpiece in the pre-processing software, obtain the printing information of each layer of the workpiece, and plan the laser scan path. During the printing process, the powder feeding device sends a certain amount of powder to the worktable, and the powder spreading scraper spreads a layer of powder material on the upper surface of the molded workpiece in the molding cylinder. The planned scanning path scans the powder layer of the solid part, so that the powder melts and bonds with the formed part below; The upper layer of uniform and dense powder is scanned and sintered for the cross-section of a new layer, and several layers of scanning are stacked until the entire prototype is manufactured.

With the continuous advancement of science and technology, the current additive manufacturing technology is becoming more and more mature. However, how to further improve the accuracy and printing speed of printed 3D objects has become a technical difficulty that the industry attaches great importance to and is constantly exploring.

In the prior art, the simultaneous scanning of multiple lasers and multiple galvanometers is generally used to improve processing efficiency. However, this solution is expensive to implement, technically difficult, and the splicing effect is poor, and the efficiency improvement is limited.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object that improves work efficiency.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object, including the following steps:

Scanning at least one layer of all layers of the three-dimensional object to be printed in the first manner until a printed three-dimensional object is obtained;

placing the printed three-dimensional object in a melting furnace, melting and sintering the powder filled in the outline of the printed three-dimensional object to obtain the final three-dimensional object;

Wherein, the first method specifically includes:

Obtain the current layer section information of the 3D object to be printed;

identifying all contour boundary lines of the current layer section, and calculating at least one contour spacing parameter formed by the contour boundary lines;

Determine whether to set support lines in the contour area corresponding to the contour distance according to the size of the contour distance parameter;

Scan all contour boundary lines and support lines contained in the current layer section.

As a further preferred solution of the present invention, judging whether to set support lines in the contour area corresponding to the contour distance according to the size of the contour distance parameter specifically includes:

When the contour distance parameter is less than or equal to the first preset distance, no support line is set in the contour area corresponding to the contour distance;

When the contour distance parameter is greater than the first preset distance, several support lines are set in the contour area corresponding to the contour distance.

As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the several support lines are arranged in parallel in the outline area.

As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the several support lines are arranged in an array in the outline area.

As a further preferred solution of the present invention, when the contour spacing parameter is greater than the second preset distance, a number of reinforcing ribs are also set in the contour area corresponding to the contour spacing, and all the reinforcing ribs are scanned. The second preset distance 2-3 times the first preset distance.

As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the width and length of the support lines and ribs are adjusted according to the required structural strength of the three-dimensional object to be printed.

As a further preferred solution of the present invention, all layers of the three-dimensional object to be printed are scanned in the first manner.

As a further preferred solution of the present invention, the temperature of the melting furnace is between 95% and 99% of the melting point of the powder material to be printed.

The three-dimensional object manufacturing method of the present invention obtains the current layer section information of the three-dimensional object to be printed;

Identify all contour boundary lines of the current layer section, calculate at least one contour spacing parameter formed by the contour boundary lines; judge whether to set support lines in the contour area corresponding to the contour spacing according to the size of the contour spacing parameters; All contour boundary lines and support lines are scanned, so that in the three-dimensional object manufacturing method of the present invention, since the scanning workload of the support lines is much smaller than the workload of filling scanning, a large number of scanning tasks of the original filling part are greatly reduced. The total time for 3D printing of parts has been greatly reduced, thus improving work efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a method flowchart of a three-dimensional object manufacturing method in an embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a diagram of execution steps of step 11 in an embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional object manufacturing process in an embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional object to be printed in an embodiment provided by the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-dimensional object to be printed in another embodiment provided by the present invention.

The markings in the figure are as follows:

1. Outer contour, 2. Inner contour, 3. Support line, 4. Rib, 5. Powder feeding cylinder, 6. Powder spreader, 7. Vibrating mirror system, 8. Forming cylinder, 9. Three-dimensional object to be printed, 10. Lasers.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

As shown in Figure 3, the powder bed fusion technology generally needs to slice the 3D model of the workpiece in the pre-processing software to obtain the printing information of each layer of the workpiece and plan the laser scanning path. During the printing process, the powder feeding cylinder 5 sends a certain amount of powder to the work surface, the powder spreader 6 spreads a layer of powder material on the upper surface of the molded workpiece in the molding cylinder 8, and the vibrating mirror system 7 controls the laser 10 according to the layer’s Section profile, scan the solid part of the powder layer according to the previously planned scanning path, so that the powder is melted and bonded with the formed part below; The device 6 spreads a layer of uniform and dense powder on it, and scans and sinters the cross-section of a new layer, and scans and superimposes several layers until the entire prototype is manufactured.

In the powder bed fusion technology of the prior art, the part is generally divided into two parts: filling and outline. The filling part is used to print the part entity, and the outline part is used to stroke. The scanning time of the part filling part takes up 10% of the total processing time of the part. the vast majority. In order to reduce the 3D printing time, the inventors of this application proposed such an idea: when the 3D printing part is forming slice data, the part entity is divided into two parts, the inner and outer contours, and the original filling part is necessary Supporting structures are replaced. In this way, a large amount of unsintered powder and the necessary support structure are filled between the inner and outer contours 1 of the part. Since the workload of the supporting structure is much smaller than that of solid filling, the massive scanning tasks of the filling part are greatly reduced, and the total time of 3D printing of the part is greatly reduced. Finally, put the printed part into the melting furnace for secondary processing, so that the unsintered powder inside the part is sintered, and finally the powder is completely sintered with the supporting structure and the inner and outer contours 1, that is, the entire three-dimensional object is completed. printing process.

Based on the above inventive concepts, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a three-dimensional object, referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 3, which includes the following steps:

Step 11. Scan at least one layer of all layers of the three-dimensional object 9 (referred to as the part) to be printed using the first method until a printed three-dimensional object is obtained;

Further referring to FIG. 2, the first way in the step 11 specifically includes:

Step 111, obtaining the current layer section information of the three-dimensional object 9 to be printed;

Step 112, identifying all contour boundary lines of the current layer section, and calculating at least one contour distance parameter formed by the contour boundary lines; specifically, due to the different shapes of the contour boundary lines, it may form one or more contour distances;

Step 113, judging whether to set the support line 3 in the contour area corresponding to the contour distance according to the size of the contour distance parameter;

Specifically, in step 113, judging whether to set the support line 3 in the contour area corresponding to the contour distance according to the size of the contour distance parameter specifically includes:

When the contour distance parameter is less than or equal to the first preset distance, no support line 3 is set in the contour area corresponding to the contour distance;

When the contour distance parameter is greater than the first preset distance, several support lines 3 are set in the contour area corresponding to the contour distance.

The first preset distance may be 5 millimeters, and of course its specific value may also be specifically set according to design requirements.

In specific implementation, the number, width and length of the support lines 3 can be determined according to the strength of the required design and the amount of powder filled in the outline area, and the several support lines 3 can be arranged in parallel or in an array in the outline area , of course, they can also be arranged in other ways in the contour area, such as staggered arrangement and so on. It should be noted here that the present invention does not limit the shape and arrangement of the support wires 3 , which can be freely set according to design requirements.

In addition, when the contour spacing parameter is greater than the second preset distance, several reinforcing ribs 4 are set in the contour area corresponding to the contour spacing, and all the reinforcing ribs 4 are scanned, and the second preset distance is the first preset distance. Set the distance 2-3 times, which can better ensure the structural strength and the amount of powder filled.

The three-dimensional object 9 to be printed can generally be divided into solid parts and non-solid parts with walls. The so-called solid part does not mean that the part is a complete entity, and it can also have a partial hollow structure. As shown in Figure 4, it is a non-solid part with a wall. During 3D printing, the part is designed into three parts, outer contour 1 and inner contour 2 (both outer contour 1 and inner contour 2 belong to the contour boundary line) and the contour region between two layers of contours. The printing thickness of inner contour 2 and outer contour 1 can be specifically designed according to the amount of powder filled in the part, and the support line 3 set in the contour area can also be designed according to the amount of powder. The thickness of its support structure length and other parameters. If the distance between the inner and outer walls is large and the height of the parts is high, resulting in a large amount of powder in the filling part, the thickness of the inner and outer walls can be increased, and the support structure inside the powder is designed to be relatively thick.

The solid structure part shown in Figure 5 has only an outer contour 1 and no inner contour 2 because it is a solid structure. Since the contour spacing parameter between the contours is greater than the second preset distance, that is, the amount of powder filled inside the part is relatively large, in order to increase the structural strength of the 3D printed part, in addition to the normal grid-like support line 3 designed, inside the part Several ribs 4 are also designed, so that the structural strength inside the part can be greatly strengthened. Similarly, the width and length of the ribs 4 can also be adjusted according to the required structural strength of the three-dimensional object 9 to be printed.

Step 114, scan all contour boundary lines and support lines 3 contained in the current layer section.

Step 12, placing the printed three-dimensional object in a melting furnace, melting and sintering the powder filled in the outline of the printed three-dimensional object to obtain the final three-dimensional object;

Specifically, after the 3D printing of the three-dimensional object 9 to be printed is completed, it is transferred to a melting furnace, and the unsintered powder in the part is melted and sintered by the melting furnace, and sintered with the support and the inner and outer walls to complete the processing of the part. The temperature of the melting furnace is close to the melting point of the powder material to be printed, but not equal to its melting point, preferably at a temperature between 95% and 99% of the melting point of the powder material to be printed. The powder material is slightly adjusted to allow a small amount of powder to melt in the contour fill area without affecting the quality of the already formed printed part.

It should be noted here that, preferably, all layers of the three-dimensional object to be printed 9 are scanned using the first method, which can save more scanning time, but in specific implementation, the designer can according to the design needs in the A certain layer or several layers select the above-mentioned first method for scanning, while the remaining layers refer to the scanning method of the prior art. The scanning method of the prior art can be any, and there is no limitation here. There is technology, but no specific elaboration.

The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are not described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, should be considered as within the scope of this specification.

The above-mentioned embodiments only represent several implementation modes of the present application, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent for the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent application should be based on the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of three-dimension object manufacturing method characterized by comprising

It is scanned for at least one layer in all layers of three-dimension object to be printed using first method, until being printed as The three-dimension object of type；

The three-dimension object of the printing shaping is placed in smelting furnace, is made in the profile inclusion region of the three-dimension object of the printing shaping The powder melts of filling are sintered, to obtain final three-dimension object；

Wherein, the first method specifically includes:

Obtain the current layer cross section information of three-dimension object to be printed；

It identifies all profile and border lines of current layer cross section, calculates profile and border line and be formed by least one profile spacing ginseng Number；

Judge whether the setting support line in the corresponding contour area of profile spacing according to the size of profile spacing parameter；

All profile and border lines and support line for include to current layer cross section are scanned.

2. three-dimension object manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that sentenced according to the size of profile spacing parameter The disconnected support line that whether is arranged in the corresponding contour area of profile spacing specifically includes:

When profile spacing parameter is less than or equal to the first pre-determined distance, it is not provided in the corresponding contour area of profile spacing Support line；

When profile spacing parameter is greater than the first pre-determined distance, several branch are set in the corresponding contour area of profile spacing Support line.

3. three-dimension object manufacturing method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that several supports line is arranged in parallel In in contour area.

4. three-dimension object manufacturing method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that several support lines are in array It is set in contour area.

5. three-dimension object manufacturing method according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that when profile spacing parameter is greater than the When two pre-determined distances, several reinforcing ribs are also set up in the corresponding contour area of profile spacing, and carry out to all reinforcing ribs Scanning, second pre-determined distance are 2-3 times of the first pre-determined distance.

6. three-dimension object manufacturing method according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the width of the support line, reinforcing rib It is adjusted with length structural strength according to needed for three-dimension object to be printed.

7. three-dimension object manufacturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the three-dimension object to be printed owns Layer is all made of first method and is scanned.

8. three-dimension object manufacturing method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the temperature of the smelting furnace is to be printed Between the 95%-99% of dusty material fusing point.