CN109052587A - A kind of open capacitive deionization desalter - Google Patents
A kind of open capacitive deionization desalter Download PDFInfo
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- CN109052587A CN109052587A CN201710442038.8A CN201710442038A CN109052587A CN 109052587 A CN109052587 A CN 109052587A CN 201710442038 A CN201710442038 A CN 201710442038A CN 109052587 A CN109052587 A CN 109052587A
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- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005349 anion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008034 disappearance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001728 nano-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/469—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrochemical separation, e.g. by electro-osmosis, electrodialysis, electrophoresis
- C02F1/4691—Capacitive deionisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2201/00—Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2201/46—Apparatus for electrochemical processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of open capacitive deionization desalters, including vessel, it is equipped with multiple electrodes in parallel in the vessel, one end of vessel is equipped with water inlet (121), the other end of vessel is equipped with water outlet (122), the position of water inlet (121) is lower than all electrode bottoms, the position of water outlet (122) is higher than all electrodes topmost, treatment sewage enters from water inlet (121), zwitterion simultaneously is adsorbed by multiple electrodes for gap across multiple electrodes, vessel is left finally by water outlet (122), it further include a cover board (11), the cover board (11) is covered on vessel, the cover board (11) is equipped with air hole (111).The present invention is since open capacitive deionization desalter is without sealing, and the compressive resistance demand of equipment is greatly reduced, and saves a large amount of material and processing cost, assembles also more convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of capacitor deionizing instrument, especially a kind of open capacitive deionization desalination without sealing
Device.
Background technique
Existing main desalting technology includes thermal method, chemical method, embrane method and Electro Sorb method etc. both at home and abroad at present.The throwing of thermal method
Money and the equal superelevation of operating cost are suitable for special industry, are not suitable for general water and large-scale application;Embrane method includes nanofiltration, surpasses
Filter, reverse osmosis etc., effluent quality is preferable, but investment is big, operating cost is high, has secondary pollution;And it need to disappear when chemical method regeneration
A large amount of acid, alkali, salt are consumed, has great pollution to environment.
Capacitive deionization desalination system during the work time, by the effect of electric field when raw water flows between cathode and anode,
Charged particle in water by the electrode adsorption and is stored in electric double layer respectively to the electrode transfer of oppositely charged, final real
Now with the separation of water, the water outlet for being cleaned/being desalinated.It stops working after electrode adsorption reaches saturation, at this point, by direct current
Power supply removes, and positive and negative electrode is shorted, and due to the disappearance of DC electric field, the ion that is stored in electric double layer and is adsorbed on electrode
The charged particle on surface is released in channel again, is discharged with water flow, thus electrode is also regenerated, and can enter next period
Work.
Capacitive deionization technical costs is low, contamination resistance is strong, using simple, and the regeneration for being particularly suitable for high pollution water is returned
Found with field, but by long-term engineer application, in existing closed capacitive deionization desalter operational process due to
Blocking, so that equipment internal pressure is excessive, makes the sealing performance of electrode and device itself inside device caused by change of water quality
At damage, and then inevitably there is phenomena such as " evaporating, emitting, dripping or leaking of liquid or gas " and salt rejection rate decline.At this time, it is necessary to equipment
It is repaired or is replaced, but since current capacitor deionizing instrument is leakproofness, disassembly and its inconvenience, if necessary
Replacing electrode, then necessary integral replacing, will cause waste and the continuous rising of cost in this way.And use Open architecture
Capacitor deionizing instrument then can be to avoid the appearance of above-mentioned phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues of present invention devises a kind of open capacitive deionization desalter, solves is current capacitor
Deionizer is leakproofness, disassembly and its inconvenient, if necessary to replace electrode then must integral replacing, meeting in this way
Cause waste and the continuous rising of cost.And use the capacitor deionizing instrument of Open architecture then can be to avoid above-mentioned phenomenon
Occur.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, present invention employs following scheme:
A kind of open capacitive deionization desalter, including vessel are equipped with more in parallel in the vessel
One end of a electrode, vessel is equipped with water inlet (121), and the other end of vessel is equipped with water outlet (122), water inlet
(121) position is lower than all electrode bottoms, and the position of water outlet (122) is higher than all electrodes topmost, treatment sewage
Enter from water inlet (121), zwitterion is simultaneously adsorbed by multiple electrodes in the gap across multiple electrodes, finally by water outlet
Mouth (122) leaves vessel, it is characterised in that: further includes a cover board (11), the cover board (11) is covered on vessel, institute
Cover board (11) are stated equipped with air hole (111).
Further, cover board (11) material is transparent material convenient for the observation actual operation of capacitive deionization desalter
Situation.
It further, further include in line mouth (123), in line mouth (123) also is located at the other end of vessel and in line mouth
(123) position is lower than electrode bottom.
Further, the multiple electrode includes first end face electrode (142), second end face electrode (143) and multiple double
Face electrode (141), multiple double-face electrodes (141) be arranged in parallel in first end face electrode (142) and second end face electrode (143) it
Between;First end face electrode (142) is closest to water inlet (121) in the multiple electrode, and second end face electrode (143) is closest to out
The mouth of a river (122).
Further, ion barrier is additionally provided between any two adjacent electrode.
Further, the first end face electrode (142) and the first connecting terminal (22) direct or indirect connection, second end face
Electrode (143) and the second connecting terminal (23) direct or indirect connection, the first connecting terminal (22) and the second connecting terminal (23)
Between connect a regeneration sector, the regeneration sector to two end electrodes of capacitive deionization desalter apply one it is reversed
Voltage promotes the zwitterion being blocked in electrode micropore to release again by the effect of electric field force.
Further, the regeneration sector includes power supply (21), and the power supply (21) anode is by two conducting wires respectively with the
One connecting terminal (22) and the second connecting terminal (23) connection, between power supply (21) anode and the first connecting terminal (22)
Conducting wire is equipped with first contactor (24), and the conducting wire between the power supply (21) anode and the second connecting terminal (23) is equipped with the
Two contactors (25);Power supply (21) cathode also by two conducting wires respectively with the first connecting terminal (22) and the second terminals
Sub (23) connection, the conducting wire between power supply (21) cathode and the first connecting terminal (22) are equipped with the 4th contactor (27),
Conducting wire between power supply (21) anode and the second connecting terminal (23) is equipped with third contactor (26).
The open capacitive deionization desalter has the advantages that
(1) present invention is since open capacitive deionization desalter is without sealing, and the compressive resistance demand of equipment
It substantially reduces, saves a large amount of material and processing cost, assemble also more convenient.
(2) present invention uses the capacitive deionization desalter of Open architecture, and water outlet is only needed by the way of overflow
Improving a lesser power can be realized the disengaging of water, save part energy consumption.
(3) operation of the present invention is easy to maintain, and the especially overhaul of the equipments in later period and the replacement of core electrode is very simple,
Save the operation and maintenance cost in later period.
(4) present invention, without installing the exhaust of equipment and preventing siphonic system, is avoided because of row due to being Open architecture
The excessive gas that air valve is blocked and generated is damaged caused by electrode.
(5) of the invention since operating pressure is small, it reduces because caused by equipment internal pressure is excessive " evaporating, emitting, dripping or leaking of liquid or gas "
The problems such as a possibility that.
(6) present invention uses the capacitive deionization desalter of Open architecture, can find to go out in operational process in time
Existing problem, and taking timely measure, avoid because caused by equipment operation is abnormal effluent quality be deteriorated and bring its
He influences.
(7) present invention applies a reversed electricity by two end electrodes of the regeneration sector to capacitive deionization desalter
Pressure, effectively prevents residual of the ion in electrode micropore, effectively improves regeneration effect, enhance capacitive deionization desalination
The stability of device adsorption efficiency.
(8) the invention enables capacitive deionization desalter electrode interiors not to have residual ion, so reducing entire de-
The idle power consumption of salt system, improves current efficiency;
(9) the invention enables capacitive deionization desalter electrode regeneration is thorough, the desalination of holding system is avoided the need to
Rate and the behavior for improving operating voltage extend the service life of electrode to reduce a possibility that electrode is oxidized;
(10) regeneration sector structure of the present invention is simple, substantially without additional equipment is increased, can be programmed to
It realizes, and can realize the automatic control of program.
(11) present invention is particularly suitable for the capacitor deionizing instruments of novel surface addition ion barrier, because of the device
Although higher salt rejection rate may be implemented, also due to increase ion barrier and increase resistance, traditional regeneration side
Method cannot effectively meet the regeneration needs of the system and device, it is therefore necessary to apply a backward voltage during electric discharge,
It just can guarantee regeneration effect;
(12) the method for the present invention is especially suitable combines with emptying regeneration technology, not only can guarantee regeneration effect, but also can be improved
The producing water ratio of system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: the open capacitive deionization desalter structural schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2: the regeneration sector structural schematic diagram of the open capacitive deionization desalter of the present invention.
Description of symbols:
1- capacitive deionization desalter;11- cover board;111- air hole;121- water inlet;122- water outlet;123- is straight
Arrange mouth;13- ion barrier;141- double-face electrode;142- first end face electrode;143- second end face electrode;21- power supply;22-
First connecting terminal;The second connecting terminal of 23-;24- first contactor;25- second contactor;26- third contactor;27-
Four contactors.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the present invention will be further described:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of open capacitive deionization desalter, including vessel, it is parallel in vessel
Equipped with multiple electrodes, one end of vessel is equipped with water inlet 121, and the other end of vessel is equipped with water outlet 122, water inlet
121 position is lower than all electrode bottoms, and the position of water outlet 122 is higher than all electrodes topmost, treatment sewage from into
The mouth of a river 121 enters, and zwitterion is simultaneously adsorbed by multiple electrodes in the gap across multiple electrodes, finally by water outlet 122
Vessel is left, further includes a cover board 11, cover board 11 covers on vessel, and cover board 11 is equipped with air hole 111.Cover board 11
Material is transparent material convenient for the observation actual operating condition of capacitive deionization desalter.Cover board 11 is placed directly in device top
Portion, primarily to preventing the toys such as dust, mosquito or other pollutants from entering causes electrode blockage or short circuit, and cover board
It is distributed some tiny air holes 111 on 11, is consistent inner and outer air pressure.
It further include in line mouth 123, in line mouth 123 also is located at the other end of vessel and the position of in line mouth 123 is low
In electrode bottom.
Multiple electrodes include first end face electrode 142, second end face electrode 143 and multiple double-face electrodes 141, Duo Geshuan
Face electrode 141 is arranged in parallel between first end face electrode 142 and second end face electrode 143;First end face electricity in multiple electrodes
Pole 142 is closest to water inlet 121, and second end face electrode 143 is closest to water outlet 122.
Ion barrier is additionally provided between any two adjacent electrode.Ion barrier and electrode relationship are as follows: electrode packet
Anode and cathode are included, includes one layer of cationic barrier layer in positive electrode surface, or/and stop in negative terminal surface comprising one layer of anion
Layer;Cationic barrier layer only allows anion to pass through, and cation can not pass through;Anion barrier layer only allows cation to pass through,
Anion can not pass through.If they are all disposed in parallel including multiple anodes and multiple cathode, the cathode clamping of an outermost end
Between cathode panel and anion barrier layer, the anode of another outermost end is clamped in cationic barrier layer and positive panel
Between, other every two positive and negative anodes are integrated into a double-face electrode, multiple double-face electrodes be clamped in an above-mentioned anode and a cathode it
Between.
The present invention adds a positive and negative amberplex on cathode and anode surface respectively, in the anion exchange of anode surface
Film only allows anion to pass through, accordingly even when anode material is when long-term work aoxidizes, although surface can generate some tools
There is the acidic functionality of ion exchange, but since cation can not be contacted, because without ion exchange occurs, thus
The adsorption potential of electrode surface will not be occupied, even if anode still plays suction-operated in the state of oxidation, and be kept higher
Current efficiency.
As shown in Fig. 2, the regeneration sector of capacitive deionization desalter of the present invention, it is characterised in that: regeneration sector is to electricity
Two end electrodes for holding deionization desalter 1 apply a backward voltage, promote the yin-yang being blocked in electrode micropore
Ion is released again by the effect of electric field force.
Specifically, regeneration sector includes power supply 21,21 anode of power supply by two conducting wires respectively with the first connecting terminal
22 and second connecting terminal 23 connect, the conducting wire between the anode of power supply 21 and the first connecting terminal 22 is equipped with first contactor
24, the conducting wire between 21 anode of power supply and the second connecting terminal 23 is equipped with second contactor 25;21 cathode of power supply is also by two
Root conducting wire is connect with the first connecting terminal 22 and the second connecting terminal 23 respectively, between 21 cathode of power supply and the first connecting terminal 22
Conducting wire be equipped with the 4th contactor 27, the conducting wire between the anode of power supply 21 and the second connecting terminal 23 is equipped with third contactor
26。
The regeneration sector working principle of capacitive deionization desalter of the present invention is as follows: step 1, capacitor deionizing instrument exist
Zwitterion in energization absorption effluent is completed;Step 2, capacitor deionizing instrument carry out short circuit electric discharge;Step 3 is gone in capacitor
The end electrode both ends of ion unit apply a backward voltage, and the zwitterion being blocked in electrode micropore is promoted to pass through electricity
The effect of field force releases again;Then concentrated water in capacitor deionizing instrument is directly vented by step 4, so that electric
Hold deionization desalter thoroughly to be regenerated.
A kind of open capacitive deionization desalter according to the present invention, the enclosed construction of abandoning tradition use
Both economical and practicability stronger Open architecture.Do not have in closed square device on a top, electrode according to
End electrode+ion barrier+double-face electrode+ion barrier+...+double-face electrode+ion barrier+end face face electrode
Form be put into wherein, wherein left side lower end be water inlet, right side upper end be water outlet overflow port, positive and negative terminal is respectively two
In side end panel.When work, applies certain voltage on both ends of the surface electrode and (determined according to electrode logarithm, general each pair of electrode
0.8-1.5V), water enters from left side low side, enters inside device by water distributor, then flows from the channel between every plate electrode
It crosses, it is final to produce
Water is flowed out from the overflow port of right side upper end;After electrode adsorption saturation, that is, enters regeneration process, such as use and be powered
The regenerated technique of+emptying, then first must be shorted after electric discharge to a certain extent (depending on specific discharge time and Yu electricity Er to device
It is fixed), apply backward voltage (this voltage is relatively low) and all ions is promoted to be desorbed out from electrode interior, then opens straight
The valve of row's mouth is vented, finally again being filled in device with production water.
Above in conjunction with attached drawing, an exemplary description of the invention, it is clear that realization of the invention is not by aforesaid way
Limitation, as long as use the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention carry out various improvement, or it is not improved will be of the invention
Conception and technical scheme directly apply to other occasions, be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of open capacitive deionization desalter, including vessel are equipped with multiple in parallel in the vessel
One end of electrode, vessel is equipped with water inlet (121), and the other end of vessel is equipped with water outlet (122), water inlet
(121) position is lower than all electrode bottoms, and the position of water outlet (122) is higher than all electrodes topmost, treatment sewage
Enter from water inlet (121), zwitterion is simultaneously adsorbed by multiple electrodes in the gap across multiple electrodes, finally by water outlet
Mouth (122) leaves vessel, it is characterised in that: further includes a cover board (11), the cover board (11) is covered on vessel, institute
Cover board (11) are stated equipped with air hole (111).
2. open capacitive deionization desalter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: cover board (11) material is
Transparent material is convenient for the observation actual operating condition of capacitive deionization desalter.
3. open capacitive deionization desalter according to claim 1 or claim 2, it is characterised in that: further include in line mouth
(123), in line mouth (123) also is located at the other end of vessel and the position of in line mouth (123) lower than electrode bottom.
4. according to claim 1, the 2 or 3 open capacitive deionization desalter, it is characterised in that: the multiple electrode
Including first end face electrode (142), second end face electrode (143) and multiple double-face electrodes (141), multiple double-face electrodes
(141) it is arranged in parallel between first end face electrode (142) and second end face electrode (143);First end in the multiple electrode
Face electrode (142) is closest to water inlet (121), and second end face electrode (143) is closest to water outlet (122).
5. open capacitive deionization desalter according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the adjacent electricity of any two
Ion barrier is additionally provided between pole.
6. open capacitive deionization desalter according to claim 4 or 5, it is characterised in that: the first end face electricity
Pole (142) and the first connecting terminal (22) direct or indirect connection, second end face electrode (143) and the second connecting terminal (23) are straight
It connects or is indirectly connected with, the first terminals, which give, connects a regeneration sector, the regenerating device between (22) and the second connecting terminal (23)
Structure applies a backward voltage to two end electrodes of capacitive deionization desalter, promotes to be blocked in electrode micropore
Zwitterion is released again by the effect of electric field force.
7. open capacitive deionization desalter according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the regeneration sector includes electricity
Source (21), power supply (21) anode are connected with the first connecting terminal (22) and the second connecting terminal (23) respectively by two conducting wires
It connects, the conducting wire between power supply (21) anode and the first connecting terminal (22) is equipped with first contactor (24), the power supply
(21) conducting wire between anode and the second connecting terminal (23) is equipped with second contactor (25);Power supply (21) cathode also leads to
It crosses two conducting wires to connect with the first connecting terminal (22) and the second connecting terminal (23) respectively, power supply (21) cathode and first
Conducting wire between connecting terminal (22) is equipped with the 4th contactor (27), power supply (21) anode and the second connecting terminal (23)
Between conducting wire be equipped with third contactor (26).
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Cited By (2)
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CN112794415A (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-05-14 | 重庆大学 | A submersible flow electrode capacitive deionization device and method |
CN115611376A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-17 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | An electrode stack packaging structure for ion adsorption |
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CN115611376A (en) * | 2022-10-31 | 2023-01-17 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | An electrode stack packaging structure for ion adsorption |
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