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CN109021303A - 一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜 - Google Patents

一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜 Download PDF

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CN109021303A
CN109021303A CN201710426824.9A CN201710426824A CN109021303A CN 109021303 A CN109021303 A CN 109021303A CN 201710426824 A CN201710426824 A CN 201710426824A CN 109021303 A CN109021303 A CN 109021303A
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starch
ethylenediamine
packaging film
limited
film
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李大军
张磊
王莹
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Jilin Agricultural University
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Jilin Agricultural University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08L3/04—Starch derivatives, e.g. crosslinked derivatives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D65/00—Wrappers or flexible covers; Packaging materials of special type or form
    • B65D65/38—Packaging materials of special type or form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
    • C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
    • C08B31/003—Crosslinking of starch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2303/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2303/04—Starch derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2405/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 or C08J2403/00
    • C08J2405/04—Alginic acid; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2203/00—Applications
    • C08L2203/16—Applications used for films
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10—Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Wrappers (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜。该淀粉基质包装膜的技术特征是：（A）淀粉稀释液中加入质量分数为0.1~10%的乙二胺等双正极性交联剂；（B）加入增塑剂、增强剂、功能改性剂，充分匀浆，加热糊化一定时间后形成的糊化液经超声脱气，涂布，脱水干燥成膜；（C）加入双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜，比不加入该交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜具有更强的机械性能，环境可降解。该淀粉基质包装膜可用作环保、可降解包装材料。

Description

一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜
技术领域
本发明涉及一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜。该淀粉基质包装膜采用乙二胺等含有双胺或三胺的分子作为双正极性交联剂，可广泛应用于各类包装材料，属于环保、可降解包装材料领域。
背景技术
人们采用石油基塑料中掺入20~30%的聚乳酸的方法，形成环境“可分解”包装材料，对环保包装材料做出巨大贡献。然而其本质上仍然是塑料制品，还会有塑化剂、单体等污染，还有降解不充分的问题。
以淀粉为主要基质制作的膜材具有环境友好的特点。目前的淀粉基质包装膜分为两种。一种是土豆淀粉、玉米淀粉等，通过添加改性剂提高淀粉膜的机械性能，改善化学特性。另一种是传统上以柔软的糯米膜包装糖果，其对机械性能和阻隔性能要求不高。
淀粉膜的改性，包括直接对淀粉化学修饰改性，添加甘油、甘露醇、木糖醇等塑化剂，添加羧甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠、明胶等增强剂，添加壳聚糖、醇溶蛋白等功能改性剂。现有的淀粉膜受到其使用性能、成本限制，还没有规模化进入商品流通过程。
淀粉分子作为具有多羟基结构的链状多糖，胶体液中具有呈现电负性倾向，糊化成膜过程中的交联作用弱、容易脱水老化，影响淀粉膜质量。乙二胺已经被用于合成聚合材料，用于修饰淀粉来增强对酸性染料、对六价铬的吸附能力、对材料防腐。利用乙二胺等双正极性交联剂掺入到淀粉膜中，与淀粉电负性多羟基结构形成静电相互作用，可促进成膜淀粉分子交联，改进淀粉基质膜的理化性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜，该淀粉基质包装膜具有机械性能及其它物理性能强于未使用双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜的特性。
本发明的目的是通过以下的技术方法来实现的：
A、将淀粉配制成稀释液，加入质量分数为0.1~10%的乙二胺作为双正极性交联剂；
B、加入增塑剂、增强剂、功能改性剂，充分匀浆，加热糊化一定时间后的糊化液超声脱气，涂布，脱水干燥成膜。
所述的乙二胺作为双正极性交联剂包括乙二胺、己二胺、癸二胺、二亚乙基三胺、丙二酰胺等具有二正极性或三正极性基团的结构稳定的小分子化合物。
所述的淀粉包括玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、魔芋粉、修饰淀粉及其它淀粉或其复合淀粉。
所述的增塑剂为丙三醇、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、木糖醇、乙二醇、油酸、棕榈酸及其相似物质，可选择任意一种或几种协同作用。
所述的增强剂为明胶、琼脂、葡甘聚糖、羧甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠及其相似物质，可选择任意一种或几种协同作用。
所述的功能改性剂包括壳聚糖、硬脂酸甘油单酯、醇溶蛋白等具有抗菌、疏水、透明作用的化合物。
本发明利用乙二胺等双正极性交联剂，使含多羟基的糖链与氨基相互作用，在淀粉基质包装膜内起到分子交联作用，形成机械性能及其它物理性能得到增强的淀粉基质包装膜。该淀粉基质包装膜可用于环保、可降解包装材料。
本发明各成分、参数构成一个整体。
本发明材料成本低廉、产品生产工艺简单、安全环保。
具体实施方式
以下实施例用于说明本发明，使其更明确，但决不用来限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
1）将5g玉米淀粉溶于100ml蒸馏水中，加入0.1mL乙二胺，稀释并混合均匀；
2）混合液加入2.5g海藻酸钠作为增强剂，2ml甘油作为增塑剂，1g硬脂酸甘油单酯作为乳化剂，80℃匀速搅拌40min至淀粉充分糊化成糊化液。糊化液经超声脱泡10min后，40℃条件下流延法成膜，脱水干燥，得到淀粉基质包装膜。

Claims (6)

1.一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜，该淀粉基质包装膜利用乙二胺等双正极性交联剂掺入到淀粉基质膜中，与淀粉多羟基结构形成静电相互作用，促进淀粉分子交联，淀粉基质膜的理化性能得到改进。
2.根据权利要求1所述的淀粉，包括但不限于玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉、魔芋粉、修饰淀粉及其它淀粉或其复合淀粉，且本发明不限于上述举例范围。
3.根据权利要求1所述的乙二胺等双正极性交联剂，包括但不限于乙二胺、己二胺、癸二胺、二亚乙基三胺、丙二酰胺等具有相似的二正极性或三正极性基团的结构稳定的小分子化合物中的一种或几种，且本发明不限于上述举例范围。
4.根据权利要求1所述的理化性能，包括但不限于拉伸强度、平整度、疏水性、亲水性、透明度等之一项或几项指标，且本发明不限于上述举例范围。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜，其特征在于以下步骤：
A、淀粉稀释液中加入质量分数为0.1~10%的乙二胺等双正极性交联剂；
B、加入增塑剂、增强剂、功能改性剂，充分匀浆，加热糊化一定时间后形成的糊化液经超声脱气，涂布，脱水干燥成膜。
6.根据权利要求5B所述的增塑剂、增强剂、功能改性剂，包括但不限于甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、乙二醇、木糖醇、油酸、棕榈酸、明胶、琼脂、葡甘聚糖、羧甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠、醇溶蛋白、壳聚糖、单硬脂酸甘油酯之一种或几种，且本发明不限于上述举例范围。
CN201710426824.9A 2017-06-08 2017-06-08 一种以乙二胺为双正极性交联剂的淀粉基质包装膜 Pending CN109021303A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1321177A (zh) * 1998-09-30 2001-11-07 沃纳-兰伯特公司 改性淀粉成膜组合物
CN101418119A (zh) * 2008-12-02 2009-04-29 江苏大学 氧化交联淀粉改性水性聚氨酯杂化材料的制备方法
CN106146904A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-11-23 吉林农业大学 一种乙酸钠‑柠檬酸钠胶连玉米淀粉基质膜制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1321177A (zh) * 1998-09-30 2001-11-07 沃纳-兰伯特公司 改性淀粉成膜组合物
CN101418119A (zh) * 2008-12-02 2009-04-29 江苏大学 氧化交联淀粉改性水性聚氨酯杂化材料的制备方法
CN106146904A (zh) * 2016-07-12 2016-11-23 吉林农业大学 一种乙酸钠‑柠檬酸钠胶连玉米淀粉基质膜制备方法

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
中国包装技术协会: "《中国包装年鉴》", 31 December 1999, 印刷工业出版社 *
闻燕: "海藻酸钠/羧甲基淀粉共混膜", 《功能高分子学报》 *
阎继业: "《畜禽药物手册》", 30 November 2007, 金盾出版社 *

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