CN108956068A - A kind of rubbing test device turning stator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a rubbing experiment device of a rotor stator, which comprises a box seat, a box body, a three-way force measuring sensor, a rubbing support mechanism, a leaf disc balance mechanism, a main shaft transmission mechanism and a gap adjustment mechanism. The device adjusts the gap between the rotor and the stator through the gap adjustment mechanism to achieve different rubbing intrusions. When the rotor rotates at high speed, the blisk balance mechanism is used to generate mass eccentricity through electromagnetic control, resulting in sudden unbalance, which causes the rotor to rotate unbalanced. Rubbing can also realize the rubbing test of different casing coating materials by changing the material of the casing coating in the rubbing support mechanism. Through this experimental device, the influence of parameters such as different intrusion amounts, intrusion rates, different equilibrium states, different coating materials, and coating thicknesses on the rubbing force is analyzed, and the existing theoretical model is corrected based on the test data.

Description

A bumping and rubbing experimental device for a rotor stator

technical field

The invention relates to a rubbing test device for a rotor stator, belonging to the technical field of blade fault test simulation devices.

Background technique

For rotating machinery, rotor-stator rubbing is a common failure that can easily cause mechanical failure. As a special case of rotor-stator rubbing: the rubbing between the blade and the casing, due to the high tangential velocity of the blade , The collision energy is large, and bending deformation is more likely to occur, which will lead to local damage to the blade, such as blade drop and high-cycle fatigue of the blade root.

Most of the existing rubbing devices are single-pendulum rubbing devices, which do not match the actual rubbing situation; by adjusting the number of screws, point rubbing, partial rubbing and full-circle rubbing can be realized, which cannot be simulated well Real rubbing conditions; these experiments cannot accurately determine the amount of intrusion; cannot accurately test the rubbing force in three directions; cannot simulate rubbing caused by sudden imbalance; cannot test different coatings The rubbing situation under the material urgently needs an experimental device that can more realistically simulate the rubbing process of the rotor and stator.

Contents of the invention

(1) Technical problems to be solved

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a rubbing experimental device for rotor-stators, which solves the shortcomings of the existing rubbing test benches, and is an experimental device for more realistically simulating the rubbing process of rotor-stators, which can be used for simulating and measuring blades. Data such as the magnitude and direction of rubbing force and the dynamic stress of the blades when the disk is rubbed at different speeds, different intrusions, sudden unbalance, and different casing coatings.

(2) Technical solutions

In order to achieve the above object, the main technical solutions adopted in the present invention include:

A rubbing test device for a rotor stator, which includes a box base, a box body, a three-way load cell, a displacement characteristic sensor, a strain gauge, a rubbing support mechanism, a blisk balance mechanism, a main shaft transmission mechanism, and a gap adjustment mechanism. The rubbing support mechanism is fixed on one side above the box seat, the rubbing support mechanism is provided with a support ring as a stator, the main shaft transmission mechanism is fixed above the box body, the main shaft transmission mechanism is connected and Provide power for the blisk balance mechanism, the blisk of the blisk balance mechanism is used as a rotor, the stator is arranged correspondingly to the rotor, the inner side wall of the support ring is provided with a casing, the three-way load cell and The displacement characteristic sensor is attached to the casing, and the strain gauge is attached to the blade of the blisk; the gap adjustment mechanism is fixed on the other side above the box seat, and the gap adjustment mechanism is used to adjust The clearance distance between the support ring and the blisk in the blisk balance mechanism, the box is placed above the box seat, and the rubbing support mechanism, blisk balance mechanism and gap adjustment mechanism are placed inside the box.

Wherein, the displacement characteristic sensor may be a displacement sensor or an acceleration sensor, but is not limited to these two, as long as it is a sensor used to measure the position movement.

As for the rubbing test device as described above, preferably, the rubbing support mechanism includes a column, a support ring outer cover, a casing and a support ring, the lower end of the column is fixed on the box seat, and the support ring outer cover and the support ring The support ring is fixed on the upper end of the column, and a trunnion is provided between the outer cover of the support ring and the column, so that the support rotates around the column. The support ring is a hollow ring, and the casing is fixed on on the inner wall of the hollow ring.

As for the rubbing test device as described above, preferably, the length of the casing is the size of the 90° arc of the support ring, the side of the casing facing the turntable is coated with casing coating, and the setting position of the casing is Make the straight line where the connecting line at the two ends of the casing is parallel to the straight line where the connecting line between the center of the support ring and the center of the column is located.

In the rubbing test device described above, preferably, the casing coating is connected to the three-way load cell, and the three-way load cell can be arranged at any position on the casing.

As for the rubbing test device described above, preferably, the main shaft transmission mechanism includes an air motor, a diaphragm coupling, a main shaft, an angular contact ball bearing, a bearing seat and a bearing end cover, and the air motor is connected to the diaphragm A shaft coupling, the diaphragm coupling is connected to the main shaft, and two angular contact ball bearings and a bearing end cover are sleeved on the main shaft, the angular contact ball bearings are clamped on the bearing seat, and the bearing end The cover is fixed on the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixed on the box body; the blisk balance mechanism includes a blisk, a connecting flange and blades, the outer edge of the blisk is provided with blades, and the main shaft The end is fixedly connected to the blisk through a connecting flange, and the blisk and blades are placed in the hollow ring of the support ring.

Further, the air motor is any one of a vane air motor, a piston air motor, a gear air motor and a swing air motor, preferably a vane air motor. The vane air motor can meet the speed and speed adjustment changes, and the speed requirement is high, which can simulate the real blade-casing rubbing phenomenon.

The main shaft in the present invention only plays the role of transmitting power when there is no friction between the blade and the casing, and the main torque is the transmission shaft. When friction occurs, it not only supports the transmission parts but also transmits power, and bears torque and bending moment at the same time, which is regarded as shaft. The main shaft adopts a solid straight shaft design. In order to facilitate the fixing of the bearing on the shaft, the shaft end coupling and the connecting flange, the cross-sectional shape of the main shaft along the axial direction is designed as a stepped shaft.

The extended diameter of the first section of the main shaft should be connected to the output end of the air motor and matched with the coupling, and the end of the main shaft is connected to the blisk through the flange.

As for the rubbing test device as described above, preferably, four unbalanced structures are arranged symmetrically under the blisk, and each unbalanced structure includes an electromagnet, a spring, a balance mass and an electromagnetic slipper. The electromagnet is fixed on one side of the blisk, and the adjacent electromagnet is set as a cavity inside the blisk, and a spring is arranged in the cavity, and the electromagnet is fixedly connected to one end of the spring, and the end of the spring is The other end is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic slider, and the electromagnetic slider fixes the balance mass on the blisk. When the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnetic slider is attracted to retract into the cavity, so that the balance mass is detached Leaf disk.

Further, a rotor hexagonal bracket is provided on the lower end surface of the support ring to receive the balance mass block falling from the blisk, and a reserved through window is provided in the center of the box seat.

As for the rubbing test device described above, preferably, the gap adjustment mechanism includes a cam feed mechanism and a lead screw feed mechanism, and the cam feed mechanism includes a cam slider, a cam, a cam slider, two cam limiters, and a cam slider. position stopper, cam limit screw, two cam guide rails, drive cylinder and cam fixing plate; the cam fixing plate is fixed above the screw feeding mechanism, and the two cam guide rails are fixed on the cam fixing plate Above the plate, the cam slider is slidably fixed on the cam guide rail, and the cam is fixed on the cam slider. Both sides of the cam guide rail are respectively provided with cam limit stops, and a cam limit One side of the block is provided with a cam limit screw, and the push rod of the drive cylinder passes through the other cam limit block, and is fixedly connected to the cam slider, and the drive cylinder drives the cam slider on the cam. One end of the cam slider is fixed above the cam, and the other end of the cam slider is connected to the support ring.

The connection setting of the cam slipper and the support ring can be provided with a slipper hole on the support ring at a position opposite to the center of the column, and the cam slipper passes through the slipper hole and is connected with the support ring. The center of the slip nail hole is on the same straight line as the center of circle of the support ring and the center of the column, and the movement of the cam drives the movement of the cam slip, which drives the position of the support ring to move.

The screw feed mechanism includes a screw nut, a screw guide support frame, a lead screw, a lead screw support seat, an MLL diaphragm coupling and a stepping motor, and the screw guide support frame is fixed on the box seat Above, a stepper motor is fixed in the center above the screw guide rail support frame, the stepper motor is connected to the lead screw through the MLL diaphragm coupling, and the two ends of the lead screw are respectively fixed on the screw support seat On the supporting frame of the lead screw guide rail, the lead screw nut is arranged in the middle of the lead screw, and the lead screw nut moves along the axial direction of the lead screw driven by the stepping motor, and the cam is fixed above the lead screw nut. Fixed plate.

Further, the screw feed mechanism also includes two linear guide rails for the screw and four linear guide sliders, above the support frame of the screw guide, on both sides of the screw, parallel to the screw, respectively The linear guide rail of the lead screw, the linear guide rail sliders are provided with two linear guide rails, the linear guide rail sliders can slide on the lead screw linear guide rails, each of the linear guide rail sliders are fixed to the cam fixing plate.

(3) Beneficial effects

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The experimental device of the present invention realizes different blade speeds by controlling the air motor, and controls the blisks to realize different intrusion speeds. Adjust the clearance adjustment mechanism to achieve different amounts of rubbing intrusion. By controlling the balance of the blisk, the rubbing experiment is realized when the rubbing failure is caused by the sudden unbalance in the rotation. By changing the material of the coating, the rubbing test of different coating materials can be realized. The sensor can test the rubbing force generated by rubbing with different casing coatings and the vibration stress of the blade under different intrusion speeds, intrusion amounts, and rotor imbalances.

Compared with prior art, the advantages of the present invention are:

By building a model test bench, considering the influence of casing elasticity and abradable coating, using a three-way load cell to measure the rubbing force in three directions, and analyzing the rubbing of parameters such as different intrusion amounts, intrusion rates, and different coating hardnesses The law of force influence, the amount of intrusion can be precisely controlled through the cam + screw feed mechanism, and the air motor can control the speed of the blade, etc. Through the rubbing between the blade of the experimental device and the corresponding section of the arc casing, the real rubbing situation can be better simulated. The experimental device provided by the present invention mainly realizes two rubbing experimental functions of rotor-stator rubbing simulation test and casing coating material test, and provides a more realistic and fully functional experimental device for theoretical analysis.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall device structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a support ring in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the longitudinal sectional view of the overall device structure of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the balance structure of the unbalance adjustment system;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of cam feeding mechanism;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the screw feed mechanism.

[Description of Reference Signs]

1: Box seat, 2: Column, 3: Support ring jacket, 4: Support ring, 5: Case, 5-1: Case coating, 6: Blade, 7: Blisk, 8: Connecting flange, 9 : Bearing cover, 10: Angular contact ball bearing, 11: Air motor, 12: Diaphragm coupling, 13: Main shaft, 14: Sensor bracket, 15: Cam slider, 16: Linear guide slider, 17: Cam , 18: Cam slider, 19: Cam limit stopper, 20: Cam limit screw, 21: Cam guide rail, 22: Limit stop fixing screw, 23: Cam fixing plate, 24: Screw nut, 25: Lead screw guide rail support frame, 26: lead screw, 27: lead screw support seat, 28: MLL diaphragm coupling, 29: stepping motor, 30: lead screw linear guide, 31: cylinder, 32: electromagnet, 33 : spring, 34: balance mass, 35: electromagnetic slipper, 1-1: box body, 1-2: bearing seat.

Detailed ways

In order to better explain the present invention and facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

The rubbing test device of the rotor stator provided by the present invention includes a box base, a box body, a three-way load cell, a displacement characteristic sensor, a strain gauge, a rubbing support mechanism, a leaf disc balance mechanism, a main shaft transmission mechanism and a gap adjustment mechanism, wherein the rubbing support mechanism is fixed on one side above the box base, the rubbing support mechanism is provided with a support ring, and the support ring is used as a stator, the main shaft transmission mechanism is fixed above the box body, and the main shaft transmission mechanism is connected to the leaf disk balance mechanism. And provide power for the blisk balance mechanism, the blisk of the blisk balance mechanism is used as the rotor, the stator and the rotor are arranged correspondingly, the rotor is placed in the middle of the stator, that is, the blisk is placed in the ring of the support ring. There is a casing on the inner wall of the support ring, and the casing can be fixed on the inner wall of the support ring by bolts. The casing is equipped with a three-way load cell and a displacement characteristic sensor such as a displacement sensor or an acceleration sensor. The three-way load cell is used Used to measure friction force in three directions, acceleration or displacement sensor, used to measure the speed and vibration displacement of blisk (casing); displacement sensor is used to measure the vibration displacement of blisk (casing); three-way load cell The sensor and displacement characteristic sensor can be attached to any position of the casing, and strain gauges are attached to the blades of the blisk. The gap adjustment mechanism is fixed on the other side above the box base. The gap adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the gap distance between the support ring and the blisk. The box body is placed above the box base. inside the box.

Specifically, as shown in Figure 1, the rubbing support mechanism includes a column 2, a support ring outer cover 3, a casing and a support ring 4, the lower end of the column 2 is fixed on the box seat 1, which can be fixed by screws, and the upper end of the column 2 is fixed. There are a support ring jacket 3 and a support ring 4, the support ring jacket 3 and the support ring 4 can be fixed on the upper end of the column 2 by bolts, and a trunnion is arranged between the support ring jacket 3 and the column 2, so that the support ring 4 can wrap around the column Rotate, the support ring 4 is a hollow ring, and the casing 5 is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow ring.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 2, the length of the casing 5 is an arc-shaped piece corresponding to the arc length of the 90° fan-shaped size of the support ring 4, and the setting position of the casing 5 is that the straight line where the line connecting the two ends of the casing 5 is located and The straight lines connecting the center of the support ring 4 and the center of the column 2 are parallel to each other. The casing is coated with a casing coating 5-1 towards the side of the rotating disk, and the casing coating 5-1 is connected with a three-way load cell, and the three-way load cell can be arranged at any position on the casing. The three-way force sensor can measure the force in the three directions of x, y, and z, and can measure the friction force data when the friction occurs, and calculate the size and direction of the friction force through computer processing. The rubbing test of different coating materials can be realized by changing the material of casing coating 5-1. The displacement characteristic sensor can be set at any position on the casing, as long as it is pasted on the casing, it can measure the displacement and other data caused by the rubbing of the casing.

As shown in Figure 3, the main shaft transmission mechanism includes an air motor 11, a diaphragm coupling 12, a main shaft 13, an angular contact ball bearing 10, bearing housings 1-2 and a bearing end cover 9, and the air motor 11 is connected to the diaphragm coupling 12. Diaphragm coupling 12 is connected to the main shaft. 13 The main shaft of the air motor is covered with two angular contact ball bearings. There is a bearing end cover on the outside of the two angular contact ball bearings. The angular contact ball bearings are stuck in the bearing seat Above, the bearing end cover is fixed on the bearing seat, and the bearing seat 1-2 is fixed on the box body 1-1, so that the main shaft transmission mechanism is fixed on the box body 1-1 through the bearing seat 1-2. The cross-sectional shape of the main shaft along the axial direction is designed as a stepped shaft, that is, the middle part of the angular contact ball bearing is thicker and becomes thinner in steps towards both ends.

As shown in Figure 1, the blisk balance mechanism includes a blisk 7, a connecting flange 8 and a blade 6, the outer edge of the blisk 7 is provided with a blade 6, and the end of the air motor main shaft 13 is fixedly connected to the blisk through the connecting flange 8 7. The blisk 7 and the blade 6 are placed in the hollow ring of the support ring 4 . By controlling the air motor to achieve different blade speeds and different intrusion speeds. The strain gauges are attached to the blades, the strain gauges are connected and the signals are transmitted by the brush slip ring, and the brush slip ring is arranged in the central hole of the blisk 7 .

Further, four unbalanced structures are arranged below the blisk 7 as unbalanced adjustment mechanisms. The four unbalanced structures are arranged symmetrically, so that the blisk can maintain a balanced state under normal conditions, that is, two adjacent unbalanced structures are arranged under the blisk at an angle of 90°, as shown in Figure 4, each of which is not The balance structure all comprises electromagnet 32, spring 33, balance mass 34 and electromagnetic slipper 35, and electromagnet is fixed on the blisk side, and adjacent electromagnet is set as cavity in the inside of blisk, and spring 33 is arranged in the cavity , one end of the spring 33 is fixedly connected to the electromagnet 32, and the other end of the spring 33 is fixedly connected to the electromagnetic slider 35, and the electromagnetic slider 35 fixes the balance mass 34 on the blisk 7, specifically the electromagnetic slider 35 passes through the balance mass 34 , clamped on the blisk 7 , when the electromagnetic slider 35 is separated from the balance mass 34 , the balance mass 34 will be separated from the blisk 7 . Under normal conditions, the electromagnetic slider 35 is inserted into the balance mass 34 and clamped on the blisk 7 by the elastic force of the spring 33; when the electromagnet 32 is energized, the electromagnetic slider 35 is attracted to overcome the elastic force of the spring and retracted into the cavity. The balance mass 34 is disengaged from the blisk. There is a reserved through window in the center of the box base. The balance mass 34 falls through the reserved through-window. The size of the cavity is capable of accommodating the electromagnetic slider 35 completely detached from the balance mass 34 . The balance mass 34 can be made of copper. A rotor hexagonal support may be provided on the lower end surface of the support ring to receive the balance mass block falling from the blisk, and a reserved through window is provided in the center of the box base.

When energized, the electromagnet obtains magnetism under the excitation of the electric field, attracts the electromagnetic slider, overcomes the elastic force of the spring, and separates the copper balance mass from the blisk. There are four structures on the blisk, one of which is detached. The center of mass will deviate in the opposite direction, creating an imbalance and causing rubbing. The rubbing experiment can be realized when the sudden unbalance in the rotation causes rubbing failure by controlling the balance of the rotor.

Further, the gap adjustment mechanism includes a cam feed mechanism and a lead screw feed mechanism. As shown in Figure 5, the cam feed mechanism includes a cam slipper 15, a cam 17, a cam slider 18, a cam limit block 19, a cam limit Position screw 20, two cam guide rails 21, drive cylinder 31 and cam fixed plate 23; 18 is fixed on two cam guide rails 21, the cam slider 18 can slide in a straight line along the cam guide rail 21, and the cam 17 is fixed above the cam slider 18, so that the cam 17 can slide on the cam guide rail 21, and the two cam guide rails Both sides of guide rail 21 are respectively perpendicular to cam guide rail 21 and are provided with cam limit stop 19, and cam limit stop 19 can be fixed on the cam guide rail 21 by limit stop fixing screw 22, and a cam limit stop 19 One side is provided with a cam limit screw 20, and the cam limit screw 20 is vertically screwed into the cam limit stopper 19 to adjust the contact distance between the cam slider 18 and the cam limit stopper 19. The push rod of the driving cylinder 31 passes through another cam limit stopper 19 and is fixedly connected to the cam slider 18, and the driving cylinder 31 drives the cam slider 18 to move on the cam guide rail 21, and the cam slider 15 is fixed above the cam 17. One end, the other end of the cam slider 15 is connected to the support ring 4 . As shown in FIG. 2 , on the position opposite to the column 2 on the support ring 4 , a slip hole is provided, and the center of the slip hole is on the same straight line as the center of the column and the center of the support ring. The other end of the cam slipper 15 passes through the slipper hole, and the movement of the cam 17 drives the movement of the cam slipper 15, which drives the position of the support ring to move. The drive cylinder pushes the cam, which further enables the support ring to move in the x-direction. It can be used to adjust the rubbing intrusion.

Cam guide rail 21 can be fixed on the cam fixed plate 23 with bolt; The nail 15 is fixedly connected with the support ring 4 . The cam slider 18 moves linearly on the cam guide rail 21 under the promotion of the driving cylinder 31 . The support ring and the side cylindrical surface of the cam slider are tangentially constrained, so the cam slider follows the support ring and swings slightly with the trunnion as the rotation center to realize the adjustment of the intrusion.

As shown in Figure 6, the lead screw feed mechanism includes a lead screw nut 24, a lead screw guide rail support frame 25, a lead screw 26, a lead screw support seat 27, an MLL diaphragm coupling 28 and a stepping motor 29, and the lead screw guide rail The support frame 25 is fixed on the box base 1, and the center above the leading screw support frame is fixed with a stepping motor, and the stepping motor 29 is connected to the leading screw 26 through the MLL diaphragm coupling 28, and the two ends of the leading screw 26 pass through the leading screw respectively. Support base 27 is fixed on the lead screw guide rail support frame 25, and lead screw nut 24 is arranged in the middle of lead screw 26, and lead screw nut 24 drives lead screw 26 to move along y direction along with stepper motor, and the top of lead screw nut 24 is fixed cam Fixed plate 23. The straight line where the cam guide rail is located and the straight line where the lead screw is located are perpendicular to each other.

Further, in order to enable the cam fixing plate 23 to be stably displaced along the y direction by means of the screw nut, the screw feed mechanism also includes two linear guide rails 30 and four linear guide rail sliders 16, on the screw guide rail support frame 25, both sides of the leading screw, parallel to the leading screw are respectively provided with lead screw linear guide 30, linear guide rail slider 16 is provided with two on each described leading screw linear guide, linear guide rail slider 16 can be in Slide on the leading screw linear guide 30, and the top of the linear guide slider is fixed on the cam fixing plate.

The blisk and the main shaft in the rotor can adopt key connection, interference connection, etc., but there is an arrangement of brush slip rings, so the connection flange is used as the intermediate connection mechanism.

Furthermore, the connection between the blisk and the blade adopts a longitudinal tree-shaped tenon joint. The tenon of the blade is wedge-shaped, and the protrusion of the wheel rim is in the shape of an inverted wedge. The thermal stress at the connection is reduced, and the assembly, disassembly and replacement of blades are convenient.

The air motor can be any one of vane type air motor, piston type air motor, gear type air motor and swing type air motor, preferably a vane type air motor. The vane air motor can meet the speed and speed adjustment changes, and the speed requirement is high, which can simulate the real blade-casing rubbing phenomenon. By adjusting the air supply pressure of the air motor to change the speed to realize the rubbing experiment of the rotor system at different speeds, the speed range can be adjusted steplessly within 0 ~ 12000r/min.

The feed of the stator casing of the present invention is mainly composed of two sets of feeding devices of the screw feed mechanism and the cam feed mechanism. The fast feed of the lead screw is driven by the stepping motor 29 to drive the lead screw 26 to determine the angle step. The screw nut 24 moves in the x direction, and then drives the guide rail slider 15 and the cam fixing plate 23 to move in the x direction, thereby driving the entire cam feeding mechanism to move in the x direction, thereby realizing the rapid feed of the stator casing . The precise feeding of the cam 17 is driven by the cylinder 31. The cam slider 17 drives the cam 16 to slide linearly along the y direction, so that the cam slider 15 moves in the direction perpendicular to the cam movement, that is, the x direction, and drives the support ring 4 to rotate around the column 2 , so as to realize the precise feeding of the stator casing. The step distance of the fast feed of the screw is 10 μm, which can be adjusted within the range of 0 to 900 μm, and the precise feed of the cam can be precisely adjusted within the range of 0 to 100 μm. The precise control of the intrusion in the range of 0-1000 μm can be realized through the rapid feed of the screw and the precise feed of the cam.

The test support system is mainly carried out by three-way load cell, displacement characteristic sensor, strain gauge and other sensors. The load cell uses the three-way load cell to measure the rubbing force in three directions to obtain the real rubbing force; the strain gauge is used to directly measure the stress at certain positions of the blade under different rubbing degrees, and evaluate Whether the blade rubbing can stimulate the low-order and high-order vibration responses of the blade; the acceleration (displacement) sensor is mainly used to test the vibration acceleration (displacement) of the casing to evaluate the impact caused by the rubbing.

Through the experimental device of the present invention, considering the influence of casing elasticity and abradable coating, a three-way load cell is used to measure the rubbing force in three directions, and to analyze different intrusion rates, intrusion amounts, unbalanced amounts, and different coating hardnesses. The influence law of parameters on friction force. The necessary model parameters are determined and corrected through the experimental test data, and then the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the blade under different operating conditions are analyzed, and the coupling mechanism among blade vibration, rubbing and coating wear is explored.

The rotor blade rotation system in the present invention is driven by an air motor, which can realize stepless speed regulation in a wide range to meet the requirements of the test bench for non-stop rotation speed.

The unbalance adjusting mechanism of the present invention can form various unbalanced situations by adjusting the mass eccentricity of the rotor blisk, and realize sudden unbalanced occurrence during high-speed rotation.

The feed system of the stator casing of the present invention realizes the rapid and precise adjustment of the intrusion amount in a large range through the cam + lead screw feed mechanism, so as to realize the test of the test bench without the intrusion amount.

The invention can realize the measurement of different casing coatings by replacing the supporting rubbing casing coating, and measure various experimental data in the rubbing process through the three-way load cell and the displacement characteristic sensor.

(1) The main shaft is driven by the air motor to drive the blade disc to rotate, the speed can reach 7000r/min, and the maximum operating speed can reach 10000r/min in a short time.

(2) The cylinder drives the equipment to drive the cam slider to slide on the cam guide rail, so that the slider directly in contact with the cam can realize the motion dimension of micron level in the vertical direction of the cam motion when the cam is in linear motion, so as to realize Precisely control the feed amount; the ball screw is driven by a stepping motor, so that the ball nut and the linear guide rail can obtain a precise linear motion amount, thereby realizing faster feed than the cam mechanism; through two feed schemes, the blade- Receiver gap adjustment, so as to achieve rubbing.

(3) Power the power structure on the rotor on the test bench through structures such as brushes, so that the strain gauges on the blades are used to measure the stress of the blades, and the blisks are used to realize the power control of the unbalanced structure. In the process of operation, there is a sudden unbalance, which causes the rotor system to rub against due to unbalance.

In order to increase the unbalance, the electromagnetic control is used to separate a part of the mass of the rotor system during the rotation process, resulting in a large center of mass eccentricity. The nails overcome the elastic force of the spring and separate the copper balance mass from the blisk. There are four pieces of this structure on the blisk. If one of them is detached, the center of mass will deviate in the opposite direction, resulting in unbalance and friction.

Example 2

Experimental device provided by the present invention carries out test process and can adopt following operation to carry out:

1. Preparation before the test:

The experimental device should pre-adjust the rubbing gap to 0 before the experiment, and adjust the intrusion through the gap adjustment mechanism. The negative pole of the power supply is connected to the blade, and the positive pole of the power supply is connected to the casing. The current signal generates a current signal when it is in contact (generating an intrusion), so the gap is adjusted to 1 μm when the current is just generated through the gap adjustment mechanism, and the gap is considered to be 0.

2. Friction characteristics at different speeds

For the rubbing characteristics at different speeds, it is necessary to control the remaining variables to remain unchanged. Set a given amount of rubbing, such as 50 μm, and drive the main shaft to rotate through the air motor to drive the blisk blades to rotate, and adjust the air supply pressure to make the rotor rotate at 1000r Rotate at a speed of /min, connect the three-way load cell with the casing coating, measure the rubbing force data when rubbing occurs, and calculate the magnitude and direction of rubbing force through computer processing. The dynamic stress on the blade is measured by the strain gauge, and the data is transmitted to the computer to analyze the distribution of the stress on the blade.

Change the rotational speed, conduct experiments with rotational speed increments of 1000r/min, and repeat the measurement steps until the rotational speed increases to 10000r/min.

3. Rubbing characteristics under different intrusions

For the rubbing characteristics under different rubbing intrusions, it is necessary to control the remaining variables to remain unchanged. In the case of a speed of 7000r/min, set an initial rubbing amount to 150μm (50μm intrusion has been measured in the previous step) , by connecting the three-way load cell with the casing coating, the friction force data when the friction occurs is measured, and the magnitude and direction of the friction force are calculated through computer processing. The dynamic stress on the blade is measured by the strain gauge, and the data is transmitted to the computer to analyze the distribution of the stress on the blade.

The amount of intrusion is precisely adjusted by the cam, and the increment of intrusion is 5 μm from 150 μm to 250 μm. Repeat the previous step and record the data.

Quickly adjust the intrusion amount by the lead screw and increase it by 100 μm until the intrusion amount is adjusted to 950 μm. Repeat the previous step to record the data.

4. Rubbing characteristics of sudden unbalanced state

For the rubbing characteristics under different rubbing intrusions, it is necessary to control the remaining variables to remain unchanged. In the case of a rotating speed of 7000r/min, set the rubbing intrusion to 150μm, and measure the three-way force by connecting with the casing coating. The sensor measures the friction force data when the friction occurs, and calculates the magnitude and direction of the friction force through computer processing. The dynamic stress on the blade is measured by the strain gauge, and the data is transmitted to the computer to analyze the distribution of the stress on the blade.

At this time, the electric signal is transmitted to the electromagnet on one side through the brush, so that the electromagnet is energized, attracts the sliding nail, causes the balance mass to fall off, and produces an unbalance. Measure the direction of the friction force and the dynamic stress on the blade. .

Control the electromagnet on the other side of the balance mass that falls off at this time to make the balance mass on the opposite side fall off, change the balance state, and measure again.

Repeat the operation, drop off the balance mass block of the adjacent volume, and measure and record the data.

Repeat the operation, shed the last piece of mass, restore the equilibrium state, and measure and record data.

5. Rubbing characteristics of different casing coatings

There are two types of casing coatings, steel casing and aluminum casing.

Steel casing is used, and at a speed of 7000r/min, the rubbing penetration is set at 150μm to maintain a balanced state. By connecting the three-way load cell with the casing coating, the rubbing impact when rubbing occurs is measured. The friction data is processed by a computer to calculate the magnitude and direction of the friction force.

Stop the machine, replace the aluminum casing, and measure and record the data under the same conditions as the previous step.

Through the above measurements of different rotational speeds, different intrusions, sudden unbalances, and different casing coatings, data such as the magnitude and direction of the rubbing force and the dynamic stress of the blades during the rubbing test of the rotor-stator can be realized.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any person skilled in the art can use the technical content disclosed above to change or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. . However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention still belong to the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A friction rubbing experimental device for a rotary stator, characterized in that it comprises a box seat, a casing, a three-way load cell, a displacement characteristic sensor, a strain gauge, a rubbing support mechanism, a blade disc balance mechanism, and a main shaft transmission mechanism and a gap adjustment mechanism, the rubbing support mechanism is fixed on one side above the box base, the rubbing support mechanism is provided with a support ring as a stator, the main shaft transmission mechanism is fixed above the box body, the The main shaft transmission mechanism is connected to provide power for the blisk balance mechanism, the blisk of the blisk balance mechanism is used as a rotor, the stator is arranged correspondingly to the rotor, the inner side wall of the support ring is provided with a casing, the The three-way load cell and the displacement characteristic sensor are pasted on the casing; the strain gauges are pasted on the blades of the blisk; the gap adjustment mechanism is fixed on the other side above the box seat, so The gap adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the gap distance between the support ring and the blisk in the blisk balance mechanism, the box is placed above the box seat, and the rubbing support mechanism, blisk balance mechanism and gap adjustment mechanism inside the box. 2. The rubbing experimental device according to claim 1, wherein the rubbing support mechanism comprises a column, a support ring overcoat, a casing and a support ring, and the lower end of the column is fixed on the box seat, The support ring jacket and the support ring are fixed on the upper end of the column, and a trunnion is provided between the support ring jacket and the column, so that the support rotates around the column, and the support ring is a hollow ring, The casing is fixed on the inner wall of the hollow ring. 3. rubbing test device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, the length of described casing is the 90 ° arc size of hollow ring, and described casing is coated with casing coating toward the one side of rotating disk, and described The setting position of casing is to make the straight line where the connecting line at the two ends of the casing is parallel to the straight line where the connecting line between the center of the support ring and the center of the column is. 4 . The rubbing test device according to claim 1 , wherein the casing coating is connected to the three-way load cell, and the three-way load cell can be arranged at any position on the casing. 5. The rubbing test device according to claim 1, wherein the main shaft transmission mechanism comprises an air motor, a diaphragm coupling, a main shaft, an angular contact ball bearing, a bearing seat and a bearing end cover, and the air The motor is connected to the diaphragm coupling, and the diaphragm coupling is connected to the main shaft. Two angular contact ball bearings and bearing end covers are sleeved on the main shaft, and the angular contact ball bearings are clamped on the bearing seat, the bearing end cover is fixed on the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is fixed on the box body; the blisk balance mechanism includes a blisk, a connecting flange and blades, and the outer edge of the blisk is provided with For the blade, the end of the main shaft is fixedly connected to the blisk through a coupling flange, and the blisk and the blade are placed in the hollow ring of the support ring. 6. The rubbing test device according to claim 5, wherein the air motor is any one of a vane type air motor, a piston type air motor, a gear type air motor and a swing type air motor, and the The shape of the main shaft is a stepped shaft. 7. rubbing test device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the below of described blisk is provided with 4 unbalanced structures symmetrically arranged, and each described unbalanced structure comprises electromagnet, spring, balance mass Block and electromagnetic slip nail, the electromagnet is fixed on one side of the blisk, and the adjacent electromagnet inside the blisk is set as a cavity, and a spring is arranged in the cavity, and the electromagnet is fixedly connected to the One end of the spring, the other end of the spring is fixedly connected with the electromagnetic slider, the electromagnetic slider fixes the balance mass on the blisk, when the electromagnet is energized, the electromagnetic slider is attracted to retract into the air In the cavity, the balance mass is separated from the blisk. 8. The rubbing test device according to any one of claims 1-7, wherein the gap adjustment mechanism comprises a cam feed mechanism and a lead screw feed mechanism, and the cam feed mechanism comprises a cam slide Nails, cams, cam sliders, two cam limit stops, cam limit screws, two cam guide rails, drive cylinder and cam fixing plate; the cam fixing plate is fixed above the screw feed mechanism, The two cam guide rails are fixed above the cam fixing plate, the cam sliders are slidably fixed on the cam guide rails, the cams are fixed on the cam sliders, and the two sides of the cam guide rails are respectively A cam limit stop is provided, one side of one cam limit stop is provided with a cam limit screw, the push rod of the drive cylinder passes through the other cam limit stop, and is fixedly connected to the cam slide The drive cylinder drives the cam slider to move on the cam guide rail, one end of the cam slider is fixed above the cam, and the other end of the cam slider is connected to the support ring. 9. rubbing test device as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described leading screw feeding mechanism comprises leading screw nut, leading screw guide rail support frame, leading screw, leading screw supporting seat, MLL diaphragm shaft coupling and a stepper motor, the screw guide rail support frame is fixed on the box base, the center above the screw guide rail support frame is fixed with a stepper motor, and the step motor is connected to the wire through the MLL diaphragm coupling The two ends of the lead screw are respectively fixed on the lead screw guide rail support frame through the lead screw support seat, the lead screw nut is arranged in the middle of the lead screw, and the lead screw nut is driven by the stepping motor The lead screw moves axially along the lead screw, and the cam fixing plate is fixed above the lead screw nut. 10. rubbing test device as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described lead screw feed mechanism also comprises two lead screw linear guides and four linear guide sliders, in the described lead screw guide support frame Above, on both sides of the lead screw, the linear guide rails of the lead screw are respectively provided parallel to the lead screw, and the linear guide rail sliders are provided with two on the linear guide rails of the lead screw. The bar slides on the linear guide rail, and the top of each linear guide rail slider is fixed on the cam fixing plate.