CN108950415B - 表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108950415B CN108950415B CN201810785345.0A CN201810785345A CN108950415B CN 108950415 B CN108950415 B CN 108950415B CN 201810785345 A CN201810785345 A CN 201810785345A CN 108950415 B CN108950415 B CN 108950415B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- temperature
- insulating property
- molten steel
- aluminum
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001325 element alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- -1 iron-chromium-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 description 5
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002060 Fe-Cr-Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003078 antioxidant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/005—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing rare earths, i.e. Sc, Y, Lanthanides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/50—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/52—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
- C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
- C23C8/10—Oxidising
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
本发明属于特殊合金制备技术领域，具体涉及一种表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺。所述的表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金，包括如下质量比的化学成分：铬10～35％、铝2～10％、硅0.01％～0.5％、锰0.01～1.0％、锆0.01～5％、钴0.2～0.5％、钒0.01～0.7％、钛0.3～1.2％、钨0.01～0.8％、铌0.01～0.8％、镍0.01～1.2％、钼0.02～3％、钽0.01～1％、钇0.01～1％和铪0.01～1％，余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。本发明通过添加锆、钽、钇、铪微量合金元素，制备的合金，在高温下具有较高的电阻，高温绝缘性能良好；其制备工艺，科学合理，简单易行。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于特殊合金制备技术领域，具体涉及一种表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺。
背景技术
随着科学技术发展，绝缘材料在电子工业、汽车制造、航空航天等领域扮演着越来越重要的角色。传统的绝缘材料有酚醛树脂、聚酰亚胺、含氟塑料以及陶瓷材料等。但是，在一些对绝缘性能有特殊需求的应用场景，比如汽车定位焊接，绝缘开关以及飞机发动机离子火焰探测器，不光是常温静态绝缘性能，关键绝缘器件还被要求在高温且承受往复机械应力的环境下呈现长期、可靠的绝缘性能。目前，一般使用金属绝缘材料，该材料在室温状态下具有优良的绝缘性能，但在温度超过200℃的环境下不绝缘，导致产品使用寿命短，成本急剧增高。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足，本发明的目的是提供一种表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金，在高温下具有较高的电阻，高温绝缘性能良好；本发明同时提供其制备工艺，科学合理，简单易行。
本发明所述的表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金，包括如下质量比的化学成分：铬10～35％、铝2～10％、硅0.01％～0.5％、锰0.01～1.0％、锆0.01～5％、钴0.2～0.5％、钒0.01～0.7％、钛0.3～1.2％、钨0.01～0.8％、铌0.01～0.8％、镍0.01～1.2％、钼0.02～3％、钽0.01～1％、钇0.01～1％和铪0.01～1％，余量为铁和不可避免的杂质。
本发明中，各化学成分的作用如下：
铁、铬、铝合金：可在1400℃高温时，仍具有相当好的抗氧化性。
钴：改善钢的高温性能、抗氧化及耐腐蚀能力。
镍：在高温下具有防锈和耐热能力。
钼、铌：细化晶粒，有利于氧化层的形成。
钨：提高耐磨性。
锆：超高抗腐蚀能力。
钇：稀士元素，改善合金高温绝缘性能。
钽：热膨胀系数小，高温变化小，使材料稳定。
铪：是已和熔点最高的物质，约4215℃，耐高温，改善高温绝缘性能。
本发明通过加入锆、钽、钇、铪金属元素的方式，研制出了新型的高温绝缘金属材料，不但提高了室温绝缘性能，同时解决了高温不绝缘的难题。
本发明涉及一种作为高温环境下的绝缘载体使用的铁铬铝合金。作为一种特殊的铁铬铝合金，其特点是，在铁-铬-铝铁素体抗氧化合金的基础上，通过添加特殊的合金元素，制成一种具有高温绝缘性能的高科技材料，而且经过特殊热处理工艺后，材料中的铝在热处理过程中能在材料表面形成一层致密的氧化铝陶瓷层，该陶瓷层在高温下具有很高的电阻，因而在汽车生产线中焊接机器人中的绝缘器件使用中，相比一般的氧化铝陶瓷材料占据了绝对优势。
要达到作为铁铬铝高温绝缘的性能，就必须在合金冶炼工艺过程中添加锆、钽、钇、铪等微量元素，这些微量元素的比例、添加时间、添加温度都会影响产品最终的性能。
本发明所述的表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)熔化：将铁、铬、铝、钴、钛、钨、铌、镍、钼原料，在0.01～10帕真空条件下利用电磁感应电流进行熔化；
(2)精炼：铁、铬、铝、钴、钛、钨、铌、镍、钼原料熔化后，进行脱气精炼5～30分钟；
(3)脱氧：加入脱氧剂进行钢液脱氧1～10分钟；脱氧剂为金属硅、金属锰和金属铝；
(4)浇注：加入锆、钽、钇、钒、铪微量元素合金包进行合金化，最后，在氩气5～50千帕分压保护下浇注；
(5)热处理：在空气中，将浇注好的合金于900～1300℃下，保温2～8小时，使合金表面氧化，在合金表面形成一层氧化铝电绝缘层。
其中：
步骤(2)中，铁、铬、铝、钴、钛、钨、铌、镍、钼原料熔化后，钢液温度达到1600℃，电源功率调整到80kW，进行脱气精炼5～30分钟。
步骤(3)中，精炼完成后，停电降温，钢液温度降到1500℃时，加入脱氧剂进行钢液脱氧1～10分钟。
步骤(3)中，精炼完成后，停电降温，钢液温度降到1500℃时加入脱氧剂，电源功率调至150kW，温度达到1560℃时进行钢液脱氧1～10分钟。
步骤(4)中，待钢液液面干净无气泡夹渣上浮，停电降温到1480℃，加入锆、钽、钇、钒、铪微量元素合金包进行合金化。
步骤(5)中，热处理过程在马弗炉中进行。
浇铸出的合金钢锭即绝缘合金的母材，绝缘合金的母材可通过锻、轧、拔等工艺，将母材制成所需的棒材、丝材或带材等。
各种原材料所引入的碳总量不得超过0.1％；各种原材料所引入的硫总量不得超过0.05％；各种原材料所引入的磷总量不得超过0.02％。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有以下有益效果：
1、本发明在铁-铬-铝铁素体抗氧化合金的基础上通过添加锆、钽、钇、铪微量合金元素，经过热处理工艺后，在合金表面形成一层致密的氧化铝陶瓷层，添加的元素使得氧化铝陶瓷层与材料的基体具有良好的附着力，本发明的合金在高温下具有较高的电阻，具有高温绝缘性能。
2、本发明的制备工艺，科学合理，简单易行。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明做进一步说明。
实施例中用到的所有原料除特殊说明外，均为市购。
对比例1～6
合金化学成分质量百分比组成见表1，每个对比例原料配方中均含不可避免的杂质。
实施例1～16
合金化学成分质量百分比组成见表1，每个实施例原料配方中均含不可避免的杂质。
表1合金原料配方表
按上表中的配方配置合金，并按下述步骤进行熔炼：
(1)熔化：将铁、铬、铝、钴、钛、钨、铌、镍、钼原料，放入镁砂坩埚内，合闭炉门、炉盖，开启真空泵，在0.01～10帕真空条件下利用电磁感应电流进行熔化；
(2)精炼：铁、铬、铝、钴、钛、钨、铌、镍、钼原料熔化后，钢液温度达到1600℃，电源功率调整到80kW，进行脱气精炼5～30分钟；
(3)脱氧：精炼完成后，停电降温，钢液温度降到1500℃时加入脱氧剂，电源功率调至150kW，温度达到1560℃时进行钢液脱氧1～10分钟；脱氧剂为金属硅、金属锰和金属铝；
(4)浇注：待钢液液面干净无气泡夹渣上浮，停电降温到1480℃加入锆、钽、钇、钒、铪微量元素合金包进行合金化，最后，在氩气5～50千帕分压保护下浇注；
(5)热处理：在空气中，将浇注好的合金于900～1300℃下，保温2～8小时，使合金表面氧化，在合金表面形成一层氧化铝电绝缘层。
对比例1～6在熔炼过程中不加入微量合金包，脱氧时间均为3±1分钟，实施例1～16脱氧时间均为3±1分钟。
经步骤(4)浇注出的合金钢锭即绝缘合金的母材。将合金母材经锻轧拔后形成直径为13毫米和长为1米的圆棒，将圆棒用数控机床加工成直径为12毫米、长为20米的圆柱体，对比例1～6以及实施例1～16的圆柱体按照步骤(5)进行处理后随炉冷却，得到表面具有氧化铝电绝缘层的绝缘试样。
对比例和实施例的工艺参数见表2。
表2实施例和对比例的工艺参数表
性能测试：
采用绝缘耐压测试仪(500V交流)和万用表在高温和室温下分别测试实施例和对比例的表面陶瓷层的绝缘性能，结果见表3(本表中的数据为5个取样点的平均值)。
表3实施例和对比例性能数据表
从表3中可看到，没有加入锆、钽、钇、铪微量元素的对比例1～6在高温500伏特交流电压下绝缘电阻均为0，而实施例1～16中加入锆、钽、钇、铪微量元素的试样不论是高温绝缘电阻还是室温绝缘电阻都显示其具有良好的绝缘性，合金中微量元素的加入和热处理对合金的高温绝缘性能起到了显著的作用。
Claims (5)
1.一种表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金，其特征在于：包括如下质量比的化学成分：铬10～35％、铝2～10％、硅0.01％～0.5％、锰0.01～1.0％、锆0.35～5％、钴0.2～0.5％、钒0.01～0.7％、钛0.3～1.2％、钨0.01～0.8％、铌0.01～0.8％、镍0.01～1.2％、钼0.02～3％、钽0.01～1％、钇0.26～1％和铪0.24～1％，余量为铁和不可避免的杂质；
所述的表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金的制备工艺，包括如下步骤：
(1)熔化：将铁、铬、铝、钴、钛、钨、铌、镍、钼原料，放入镁砂坩埚内，合闭炉门、炉盖，开启真空泵，在0.01～10帕真空条件下利用电磁感应电流进行熔化；
(2)精炼：铁、铬、铝、钴、钛、钨、铌、镍、钼原料熔化后，进行脱气精炼5～30分钟；
(3)脱氧：加入脱氧剂进行钢液脱氧1～10分钟；脱氧剂为金属硅、金属锰和金属铝；
(4)浇注：加入锆、钽、钇、钒、铪微量元素合金包进行合金化，最后，在氩气5～50千帕分压保护下浇注；
(5)热处理：在空气中，将浇注好的合金于900～1300℃下，保温2～8小时，使合金表面氧化，在合金表面形成一层氧化铝电绝缘层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金，其特征在于：步骤(2)中，铁、铬、铝、钴、钛、钨、铌、镍、钼原料熔化后，钢液温度达到1600℃，电源功率调整到80kW，进行脱气精炼5～30分钟。
3.根据权利要求1所述的表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金，其特征在于：步骤(3)中，精炼完成后，停电降温，钢液温度降到1500℃时，加入脱氧剂进行钢液脱氧1～10分钟。
4.根据权利要求3所述的表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金，其特征在于：步骤(3)中，精炼完成后，停电降温，钢液温度降到1500℃时加入脱氧剂，电源功率调至150kW，温度达到1560℃时进行钢液脱氧1～10分钟。
5.根据权利要求1所述的表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金，其特征在于：步骤(4)中，待钢液液面干净无气泡夹渣上浮，停电降温到1480℃，加入锆、钽、钇、钒、铪微量元素合金包进行合金化。
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810785345.0A CN108950415B (zh) | 2018-07-17 | 2018-07-17 | 表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810785345.0A CN108950415B (zh) | 2018-07-17 | 2018-07-17 | 表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN108950415A CN108950415A (zh) | 2018-12-07 |
| CN108950415B true CN108950415B (zh) | 2020-10-09 |
Family
ID=64495696
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810785345.0A Active CN108950415B (zh) | 2018-07-17 | 2018-07-17 | 表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺 |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN108950415B (zh) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111440993B (zh) * | 2019-12-12 | 2021-06-18 | 广东省钢铁研究所 | 一种铁铬铝合金棒材及其制备方法 |
| DE102020213918A1 (de) * | 2020-11-05 | 2022-05-05 | Siemens Energy Global GmbH & Co. KG | Legierung, Pulver, duktile gamma`-Haftvermittlerschicht und Bauteil |
| CN118186312B (zh) * | 2024-05-16 | 2024-11-26 | 山东瑞泰新材料科技有限公司 | 一种合金锭、表面具有绝缘性能的合金及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BR0209166B1 (pt) * | 2001-04-26 | 2011-01-11 | liga de ferro-cromo-alumìnio. | |
| CN101280392B (zh) * | 2007-04-04 | 2011-03-16 | 泰州市春海电热合金制造有限公司 | 抗渗碳耐高温电热合金 |
| JP5601268B2 (ja) * | 2011-04-11 | 2014-10-08 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | 鉄合金製制振材の製造方法と鉄合金製制振材 |
| CN102409255B (zh) * | 2011-08-15 | 2013-05-01 | 山东瑞泰新材料科技有限公司 | 表面具有绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺 |
| CN106801182A (zh) * | 2016-12-22 | 2017-06-06 | 当涂县宏宇金属炉料有限责任公司 | 一种用废铁生产铁铬电热合金的方法 |
-
2018
- 2018-07-17 CN CN201810785345.0A patent/CN108950415B/zh active Active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN108950415A (zh) | 2018-12-07 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN108950415B (zh) | 表面具有高温绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺 | |
| CN110306130B (zh) | 一种高铁含量Fe-Si-B-P-Cu-Nb非晶纳米晶软磁合金及制备方法 | |
| CN102260818B (zh) | 高硅耐腐蚀铸铁的制造方法 | |
| CN103489555A (zh) | 一种铁基纳米晶软磁合金及制备方法 | |
| CN110616353B (zh) | 一种高纯高导铜及其制备方法 | |
| CN105624514A (zh) | 一种负膨胀材料及其制备方法和用途 | |
| CN104342603A (zh) | 一种提高阀门耐腐蚀性能的合金材料及其处理工艺 | |
| CN105861935A (zh) | 一种热塑性优良的Fe-36Ni因瓦合金材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN110484768A (zh) | 一种高强高导耐热的铜铬系合金材料及其制备工艺 | |
| CN102409255B (zh) | 表面具有绝缘性能的合金及其制备工艺 | |
| CN109468476B (zh) | 一种采用磁悬浮工艺提高铜合金综合性能的方法 | |
| JP2004511658A (ja) | Ｃｏ−Ｍｎ−Ｆｅ軟磁性合金 | |
| CN106756299A (zh) | 一种高延伸率硅铝合金及其制备方法 | |
| CN103789576B (zh) | 一种高晶界强度镍基合金及其制备方法 | |
| CN107779775A (zh) | H13高速精锻模具钢及钢锭生产方法 | |
| CN104233103A (zh) | 一种碳化硅增强铁铬铝电热复合材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN108866434A (zh) | 新型耐酸耐热电热合金0Cr21Al4ZrTi及制备方法 | |
| CN109735730B (zh) | 一种等离子体火炬电极材料的制备方法 | |
| CN111979447B (zh) | 一种高导铜合金材料及其制备方法 | |
| CN103943297B (zh) | 一种钴镍基软磁材料的制备方法 | |
| CN104372188B (zh) | 一种高硅镍铜合金铸件的制备方法 | |
| CN118186312B (zh) | 一种合金锭、表面具有绝缘性能的合金及其制备方法 | |
| CN101435039B (zh) | 一种NiMnGaCu形状记忆合金及其制备方法 | |
| CN104004961B (zh) | 一种FeAl磁致伸缩合金材料及制备方法 | |
| CN103540879B (zh) | 一种Pr6O11增强的Al-Si-Zn系铝合金的处理方法 |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information | ||
| CB03 | Change of inventor or designer information |
Inventor after: Li Daoqian Inventor after: Zhao Guocai Inventor after: Ma Zhonggang Inventor after: Wang Lei Inventor after: Chen Wei Inventor after: Wang Shan Inventor after: Tian Limin Inventor after: Li Huakun Inventor after: Jia Chengjian Inventor after: Yin Fengshi Inventor before: Li Daoqian Inventor before: Ma Zhonggang Inventor before: Wang Lei Inventor before: Chen Wei Inventor before: Wang Shan Inventor before: Tian Limin Inventor before: Li Huakun Inventor before: Jia Chengjian |
|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right | ||
| PE01 | Entry into force of the registration of the contract for pledge of patent right |
Denomination of invention: Alloy with high temperature insulation property on its surface and its preparation process Effective date of registration: 20230109 Granted publication date: 20201009 Pledgee: Agricultural Bank of China Limited by Share Ltd. Yiyuan county subbranch Pledgor: SHANDONG ROITIE NEW MATERIAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2023980030407 |