CN108933113A - Circuit board with electric isolator and base plate, its semiconductor assembly and its making method - Google Patents
Circuit board with electric isolator and base plate, its semiconductor assembly and its making method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108933113A CN108933113A CN201810293055.4A CN201810293055A CN108933113A CN 108933113 A CN108933113 A CN 108933113A CN 201810293055 A CN201810293055 A CN 201810293055A CN 108933113 A CN108933113 A CN 108933113A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/48—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor
- H01L23/488—Arrangements for conducting electric current to or from the solid state body in operation, e.g. leads, terminal arrangements ; Selection of materials therefor consisting of soldered or bonded constructions
- H01L23/498—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers
- H01L23/49866—Leads, i.e. metallisations or lead-frames on insulating substrates, e.g. chip carriers characterised by the materials
- H01L23/49894—Materials of the insulating layers or coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/48—Manufacture or treatment of parts, e.g. containers, prior to assembly of the devices, using processes not provided for in a single one of the groups H01L21/18 - H01L21/326 or H10D48/04 - H10D48/07
- H01L21/4803—Insulating or insulated parts, e.g. mountings, containers, diamond heatsinks
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/34—Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
- H01L23/42—Fillings or auxiliary members in containers or encapsulations selected or arranged to facilitate heating or cooling
- H01L23/433—Auxiliary members in containers characterised by their shape, e.g. pistons
- H01L23/4334—Auxiliary members in encapsulations
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L23/00—Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
- H01L23/562—Protection against mechanical damage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/01—Means for bonding being attached to, or being formed on, the surface to be connected, e.g. chip-to-package, die-attach, "first-level" interconnects; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/42—Wire connectors; Manufacturing methods related thereto
- H01L2224/47—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process
- H01L2224/48—Structure, shape, material or disposition of the wire connectors after the connecting process of an individual wire connector
- H01L2224/4805—Shape
- H01L2224/4809—Loop shape
- H01L2224/48091—Arched
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2224/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies and methods related thereto as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2224/73—Means for bonding being of different types provided for in two or more of groups H01L2224/10, H01L2224/18, H01L2224/26, H01L2224/34, H01L2224/42, H01L2224/50, H01L2224/63, H01L2224/71
- H01L2224/732—Location after the connecting process
- H01L2224/73251—Location after the connecting process on different surfaces
- H01L2224/73265—Layer and wire connectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/15—Details of package parts other than the semiconductor or other solid state devices to be connected
- H01L2924/181—Encapsulation
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Production Of Multi-Layered Print Wiring Board (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Structure Of Printed Boards (AREA)
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明关于一种线路板、其半导体组体及其制法,尤指一种设有电隔离件及基底板的线路板、其半导体组体及其制法。The present invention relates to a circuit board, its semiconductor assembly and its manufacturing method, in particular to a circuit board provided with an electrical isolator and a base plate, its semiconductor assembly and its manufacturing method.
背景技术Background technique
如功率模块或发光二极管(LED)的高电压或高电流应用,通常需使用高效能线路板,以使信号互连。然而,当功率增加时,半导体芯片所产生的大量热将使元件效能劣化,且亦会对芯片造成热应力。据此,由于陶瓷材料(如氧化铝或氮化铝)为导热且电绝缘材料,并具有低热膨胀系数(CTE),故常被视为此类应用的合适材料。美国专利案号8,895,998及7,670,872已揭露各种互连结构,其使用陶瓷作为芯片接置垫材料,以达到较佳的可靠度。此外,直接覆铜(direct bond copper,DBC)板已成为许多高功率模块应用的优选线路板。DBC板通常由陶瓷隔离件构成,如Al2O3(氧化铝)、A1N(氮化铝)或Si3N4(氮化硅),且通过高温烧结扩散工艺,于陶瓷的两面接合上铜层。然而,将厚铜板接合至隔离件通常需要非常高的烧结温度,且需要特定材料或条件才能获得可靠的铜/陶瓷界面,如此将会导致合格率下降且工艺更加复杂。再者,直接覆铜技术中的金属化工艺通常需要在两侧都烧结相同厚度的铜板,以避免陶瓷板弯翘。底侧的厚铜可作为散热座,但顶侧的铜会因为厚度问题,导致刻蚀分辨率不佳,使电路布线能力严重受限。因此,对于适于功率模块组体的覆晶或表面贴合(surface mount attachment)技术而言,现有的DBC板并不合适。High-voltage or high-current applications, such as power modules or light-emitting diodes (LEDs), typically require the use of high-performance circuit boards to interconnect the signals. However, when the power is increased, the large amount of heat generated by the semiconductor chip will degrade the performance of the device and also cause thermal stress to the chip. Accordingly, ceramic materials such as alumina or aluminum nitride are often considered suitable materials for such applications because they are thermally conductive and electrically insulating, and have a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE). US Patent Nos. 8,895,998 and 7,670,872 have disclosed various interconnection structures, which use ceramics as the die pad material to achieve better reliability. In addition, direct bond copper (DBC) boards have become the preferred circuit board for many high power module applications. The DBC board is usually composed of ceramic spacers, such as Al 2 O 3 (aluminum oxide), A1N (aluminum nitride) or Si 3 N 4 (silicon nitride), and through a high-temperature sintering diffusion process, copper is bonded to both sides of the ceramic Floor. However, bonding thick copper plates to spacers usually requires very high sintering temperatures, and specific materials or conditions are required to obtain a reliable copper/ceramic interface, which will lead to lower yield and more complicated process. Furthermore, the metallization process in the direct copper clad technology usually requires sintering copper plates of the same thickness on both sides to avoid warping of the ceramic plate. The thick copper on the bottom side can be used as a heat sink, but the thickness of the copper on the top side will cause poor etching resolution and severely limit the ability of circuit routing. Therefore, existing DBC boards are not suitable for flip-chip or surface mount attachment technologies suitable for power module assemblies.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的主要目的在于提供一种线路板,其将低CTE的高导热隔离件埋置于模封材中,以解决芯片与线路板间热膨胀系数不匹配的问题,且模封材可提供可靠的界面,以供路由电路沉积于上,因而改善半导体组体的机械可靠度及热特性。The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a circuit board, which embeds a low CTE high thermal conductivity spacer in the molding material to solve the problem of thermal expansion coefficient mismatch between the chip and the circuit board, and the molding material can provide reliable The interface for routing circuits to be deposited on, thus improving the mechanical reliability and thermal characteristics of the semiconductor assembly.
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种线路板,其将隔离件插置于基底板的贯穿开口中,使基底板可作为放置隔离件时的定位件,避免隔离件于模封工艺中位移,且可提高线路板的电性布线灵活度。Another object of the present invention is to provide a circuit board, which inserts the spacer into the through opening of the base plate, so that the base plate can be used as a positioning member when placing the spacer, and avoids the displacement of the spacer during the molding process. Moreover, the flexibility of electrical wiring of the circuit board can be improved.
依据上述及其他目的,本发明提供一种设有电隔离件及垂直连接件的线路板,其包括:一基底板,其包含一顶侧、一底侧、位于该顶侧处的多个顶部接触垫、及一贯穿开口,其中该贯穿开口的内侧壁从该顶侧延伸至该底侧;一电隔离件,其设置于该基底板的该贯穿开口中,其中该电隔离件的底面与该基底板的该底侧呈实质上共平面,且该电隔离件的厚度大于该基底板的厚度;一模封材,其覆盖该基底板的该顶侧,并延伸进入该电隔离件的外围边缘与该贯穿开口的所述内侧壁间的一间隙,其中该模封材的外表面与该电隔离件的顶面呈实质上共平面;一路由电路,其设置于该模封材的该外表面上;以及多个垂直连接件,其设置于该基底板的该顶侧上,且嵌埋于该模封材中,并电性耦接至该路由电路及该基底板的所述顶部接触垫。此外,本发明亦提供一种半导体组体,其包括一半导体元件接置于上述线路板的电隔离件顶面上,并电性连接至路由电路。According to the above and other objects, the present invention provides a circuit board provided with electrical isolators and vertical connectors, which includes: a base board including a top side, a bottom side, and a plurality of tops at the top side a contact pad, and a through opening, wherein the inner sidewall of the through opening extends from the top side to the bottom side; an electrical spacer, which is arranged in the through opening of the base plate, wherein the bottom surface of the electrical spacer is in contact with the bottom side The bottom side of the base plate is substantially coplanar and the thickness of the electrical isolator is greater than the thickness of the base plate; a molding material covering the top side of the base plate and extending into the electrical isolator a gap between the peripheral edge and the inner sidewall of the through opening, wherein the outer surface of the molding material is substantially coplanar with the top surface of the electrical isolator; a routing circuit is disposed on the molding material the outer surface; and a plurality of vertical connectors disposed on the top side of the base plate, embedded in the molding compound, and electrically coupled to the routing circuit and the base plate Top contact pad. In addition, the present invention also provides a semiconductor assembly, which includes a semiconductor element connected to the top surface of the electrical isolator of the circuit board and electrically connected to the routing circuit.
于另一方案中,本发明提供一种设有电隔离件的线路板制作方法,其包括下述步骤:提供一基底板,其包含一顶侧、一底侧及一贯穿开口,其中该贯穿开口的内侧壁从该顶侧延伸至该底侧;将一电隔离件插入该基底板的该贯穿开口,且该电隔离件的外围边缘靠近该贯穿开口的所述内侧壁,而该电隔离件的底面与该基底板的该底侧呈实质上共平面,其中该电隔离件的厚度大于该基底板的厚度;提供一模封材于该基底板的该顶侧上,且该模封材延伸进入该电隔离件的所述外围边缘与该贯穿开口的所述内侧壁间的一间隙,其中该模封材的外表面与该电隔离件的顶面呈实质上共平面;以及形成一路由电路于该模封材的该外表面上。In another solution, the present invention provides a method for manufacturing a circuit board provided with an electrical isolator, which includes the following steps: providing a base plate, which includes a top side, a bottom side and a through opening, wherein the through The inner sidewall of the opening extends from the top side to the bottom side; an electrical isolator is inserted into the through opening of the base plate, and the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator is close to the inner sidewall of the through opening, and the electrical isolator The bottom surface of the member is substantially coplanar with the bottom side of the base plate, wherein the thickness of the electrical isolator is greater than the thickness of the base plate; a molding material is provided on the top side of the base plate, and the molding a material extending into a gap between the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator and the inner sidewall of the through opening, wherein the outer surface of the molding material is substantially coplanar with the top surface of the electrical isolator; and forming A routing circuit is on the outer surface of the molding material.
除非特别描述或必须依序发生的步骤,上述步骤的顺序并无限制于以上所列,且可根据所需设计而变化或重新安排。Unless specifically described or steps that must occur sequentially, the order of the above steps is not limited to that listed above and may be changed or rearranged according to the desired design.
本发明的线路板、半导体组体及其制法具有许多优点。举例来说,将电隔离件插入基底板的贯穿开口中是特别具有优势的,其原因在于,基底板可确保电隔离件被准确地置放,以及/或者基底板可对模封材上的路由电路提供进一步路由。于基底板上沉积垂直连接件可提供垂直连接通道,以将模封材上的路由电路互连至基底板。将模封材接合至电隔离件的作法可提供一平台,以供高分辨率电路可沉积于该平台上,进而使具有细微垫间距的组件,如覆晶芯片及表面黏着元件(surface mount component),得以组接于该线路板上。The circuit board, the semiconductor assembly and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention have many advantages. For example, it is particularly advantageous to insert the electrical isolator into the through-opening of the base plate, because the base plate can ensure that the electrical isolator is placed exactly and/or the base plate can provide a direct response to the Routing circuits provide further routing. Depositing vertical connectors on the substrate provides vertical connection channels for interconnecting routing circuits on the molding compound to the substrate. Bonding the molding compound to the electrical isolator provides a platform on which high-resolution circuitry can be deposited, enabling components with fine pad pitches such as flip chips and surface mount components ), to be assembled on the circuit board.
本发明的上述及其他特征与优点可通过下述优选实施例的详细叙述更加清楚明了。The above and other features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood through the detailed description of the following preferred embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
参考附图,本发明可通过下述优选实施例的详细叙述更加清楚明了,其中:With reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention will be more clearly understood by the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, wherein:
图1及2分别为本发明第一实施例中,基底板的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图;1 and 2 are respectively a schematic cross-sectional view and a top perspective view of a base plate in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图3及4分别为本发明第一实施例中,于图1及2结构中提供垂直连接件的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图;Figures 3 and 4 are respectively a schematic cross-sectional view and a top perspective view of vertical connectors provided in the structures of Figures 1 and 2 in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图5及6分别为本发明第一实施例中,于图3及4结构形成贯穿开口的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图;5 and 6 are respectively a cross-sectional schematic diagram and a top perspective schematic diagram of a through opening formed in the structures of FIGS. 3 and 4 in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图7及8分别为本发明第一实施例中,于图5及6结构中提供电隔离件的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图;7 and 8 are respectively a schematic cross-sectional view and a top perspective view of an electrical isolator provided in the structures of FIGS. 5 and 6 in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图9为本发明第一实施例中,于图7结构中提供模封材的剖面示意图;9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the molding material provided in the structure of FIG. 7 in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图10为本发明第一实施例中,将图9结构中的模封材上半部移除的剖面示意图;10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of removing the upper half of the molding compound in the structure of FIG. 9 in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图11及12分别为本发明第一实施例中,于图10结构中提供路由电路及底部被覆层以完成线路板制作的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图;11 and 12 are respectively a cross-sectional schematic diagram and a top perspective schematic diagram of providing a routing circuit and a bottom coating layer in the structure of FIG. 10 to complete the fabrication of a circuit board in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图13及14分别为本发明第一实施例中,于图11及12结构中提供半导体元件的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图;13 and 14 are respectively a schematic cross-sectional view and a top perspective view of a semiconductor element provided in the structures of FIGS. 11 and 12 in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图15为本发明第一实施例中,另一方案的线路板剖面示意图;Fig. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board of another solution in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图16为本发明第一实施例中,再一方案的线路板剖面示意图;Fig. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another scheme of the circuit board in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图17为本发明第一实施例中,又一方案的线路板剖面示意图;Fig. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another scheme of the circuit board in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图18为本发明第一实施例中,另一方案的线路板剖面示意图;Fig. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board of another solution in the first embodiment of the present invention;
图19为本发明第二实施例中,于图11结构中提供顶部介电层的剖面示意图;19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of providing a top dielectric layer in the structure of FIG. 11 in a second embodiment of the present invention;
图20为本发明第二实施例中,于图19结构中提供顶部导线以完成线路板制作的剖面示意图;FIG. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of providing top wires in the structure of FIG. 19 to complete the circuit board fabrication in the second embodiment of the present invention;
图21为本发明第二实施例中,于图20结构中提供半导体元件的剖面示意图;21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor element provided in the structure of FIG. 20 in a second embodiment of the present invention;
图22为本发明第三实施例中,线路板的剖面示意图;22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board in a third embodiment of the present invention;
图23为本发明第三实施例中,另一方案的线路板剖面示意图;Fig. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board of another solution in the third embodiment of the present invention;
图24为本发明第三实施例中,于图22结构中提供半导体元件及被动元件的剖面示意图;24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of semiconductor elements and passive elements provided in the structure of FIG. 22 in the third embodiment of the present invention;
图25为本发明第三实施例中,于图22结构中提供半导体元件、被动及密封材的剖面示意图;25 is a schematic cross-sectional view of semiconductor elements, passive and sealing materials provided in the structure of FIG. 22 in the third embodiment of the present invention;
图26为本发明第三实施例中,于另一方案的线路板中提供半导体元件、被动及密封材的剖面示意图;26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of semiconductor elements, passive and sealing materials provided in another circuit board in the third embodiment of the present invention;
图27为本发明第三实施例中,于再一方案的线路板中提供半导体元件、被动及密封材的剖面示意图;27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor element, passive and sealing material provided in a circuit board of another solution in the third embodiment of the present invention;
图28为本发明第四实施例中,另一线路板的剖面示意图;28 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another circuit board in the fourth embodiment of the present invention;
图29为本发明第五实施例中,又一线路板的剖面示意图;29 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another circuit board in the fifth embodiment of the present invention;
图30为本发明第六实施例中,于图29结构中提供底部介电层的剖面示意图;30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of providing a bottom dielectric layer in the structure of FIG. 29 in the sixth embodiment of the present invention;
图31为本发明第六实施例中,于图30结构中提供底部导线以完成线路板制作的剖面示意图。FIG. 31 is a schematic cross-sectional view of providing bottom wires in the structure of FIG. 30 to complete the circuit board fabrication in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
【符号说明】【Symbol Description】
线路板 100、200、300、400、500、600Circuit Board 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600
半导体组体 110、120、130、140、150、210、310、320、330、340、350Semiconductor assembly 110, 120, 130, 140, 150, 210, 310, 320, 330, 340, 350
基底板 10base plate 10
顶侧 101、201Top side 101, 201
底侧 103bottom side 103
贯穿开口 105Through opening 105
间隙 107Clearance 107
内侧壁 109inner wall 109
核心层 12core layer 12
顶部线路层 13Top Line Layer 13
顶部接触垫 131Top Contact Pad 131
底部金属层 15Bottom metal layer 15
底部线路层 16Bottom line layer 16
底部接触垫 161Bottom Contact Pad 161
绝缘层 17insulation 17
金属化贯孔 18Metallized vias 18
垂直连接件 20Vertical link 20
金属柱 21metal post 21
金属填孔 23Metal Filled Via 23
导电球 25conductive ball 25
电隔离件 30Galvanic isolation 30
顶面 301top 301
底面 303Bottom 303
模封材 40Molding compound 40
外表面 401outer surface 401
盲孔 41、913、933Blind hole 41, 913, 933
路由电路 50routing circuit 50
导热垫 51Thermal Pad 51
金属化通孔 55Metallized vias 55
底部被覆层 60Bottom cladding 60
半导体元件 71、72Semiconductor components 71, 72
被动元件 73passive components 73
导电凸块 81Conductive bumps 81
接合线 83Bonding wire 83
密封材 89Sealant 89
顶部增层电路 91Top Buildup Circuitry 91
顶部介电层 911top dielectric layer 911
顶部导线 915Top wire 915
金属化盲孔 917、937Metallized blind vias 917, 937
底部增层电路 93Bottom Buildup Circuitry 93
底部介电层 931bottom dielectric layer 931
底部导线 935Bottom wire 935
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在下文中,将提供实施例以详细说明本发明的实施方案。本发明的优点以及功效将通过本发明所揭露的内容而更为显著。在此说明所附的附图是简化过且做为例示用。附图中所示的元件数量、形状及尺寸可依据实际情况而进行修改,且元件的配置可能更为复杂。本发明中也可进行其他方面的实践或应用,且不偏离本发明所定义的精神及范畴的条件下,可进行各种变化以及调整。Hereinafter, examples will be provided to illustrate embodiments of the present invention in detail. The advantages and effects of the present invention will be more obvious through the contents disclosed in the present invention. The drawings accompanying this description are simplified and used for illustration purposes. The number, shape and size of the components shown in the drawings can be modified according to the actual situation, and the configuration of the components may be more complicated. Other aspects of practice or application can also be carried out in the present invention, and various changes and adjustments can be made without departing from the defined spirit and scope of the present invention.
[实施例1][Example 1]
图1-12为本发明第一实施例中,一种线路板的制作方法图,其包括一电隔离件、一基底板、多个垂直连接件、一模封材、一路由电路及一底部被覆层。1-12 is a diagram of a manufacturing method of a circuit board in the first embodiment of the present invention, which includes an electrical isolator, a base plate, a plurality of vertical connectors, a molding material, a routing circuit and a bottom Covering layer.
图1及图2分别为基底板10的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图。于本实施例中,该基底板10包括位于顶侧101的顶部线路层13、位于底侧103的底部金属层15、及位于顶部线路层13及底部金属层15间的绝缘层17。该绝缘层17可可由陶瓷、玻璃、环氧树脂、模封材、玻璃环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺、或其类似物所制成。该顶部线路层13通常为图案化铜层,且包含多个顶部接触垫131(如图2所示)。该底部金属层15为未图案化铜层,其由下方完全覆盖该绝缘层17。1 and 2 are respectively a schematic cross-sectional view and a top perspective view of the base plate 10 . In this embodiment, the substrate 10 includes a top wiring layer 13 on the top side 101 , a bottom metal layer 15 on the bottom side 103 , and an insulating layer 17 between the top wiring layer 13 and the bottom metal layer 15 . The insulating layer 17 may be made of ceramics, glass, epoxy resin, molding compound, glass epoxy resin, polyimide, or the like. The top circuit layer 13 is usually a patterned copper layer and includes a plurality of top contact pads 131 (as shown in FIG. 2 ). The bottom metal layer 15 is an unpatterned copper layer, which completely covers the insulating layer 17 from below.
图3及图4分别为基底板10顶侧101上形成垂直连接件20的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图。所述垂直连接件20可由Cu、Sn、Ti、Ni、Au、Ag、Sn合金或其他适合的导电材料制成,其中Sn合金可含有Ag、Cu、Bi或其组合。在此,可通过真空溅镀、电镀、焊接(soldering)、打线、电焊(welding)或其他合适方法,于基底板10的顶部线路层13上形成金属柱、焊球、接合线或其组合,以作为垂直连接件20。此外,垂直连接件20也可制成接合型结构。例如,垂直连接件20可为接合型焊料凸块或具有连结焊料层的接合型铜柱。在此所述的焊料可包含铅(如Sn/Pb)或不含铅(如Au/Sn或Sn/Ag/Cu)。于此图中,所述垂直连接件20为电镀形成的金属柱21,其电性连接至顶部线路层13的顶部接触垫131上。3 and 4 are respectively a cross-sectional schematic diagram and a top perspective schematic diagram of forming the vertical connecting member 20 on the top side 101 of the base plate 10 . The vertical connector 20 may be made of Cu, Sn, Ti, Ni, Au, Ag, Sn alloy or other suitable conductive materials, wherein the Sn alloy may contain Ag, Cu, Bi or a combination thereof. Here, metal pillars, solder balls, bonding wires or a combination thereof can be formed on the top circuit layer 13 of the base board 10 by vacuum sputtering, electroplating, soldering, wire bonding, welding or other suitable methods. , as the vertical connector 20. In addition, the vertical connecting member 20 can also be made into a joint structure. For example, the vertical connectors 20 may be bonded solder bumps or bonded copper pillars with bonding solder layers. The solders described herein may contain lead (eg Sn/Pb) or lead-free (eg Au/Sn or Sn/Ag/Cu). In this figure, the vertical connector 20 is a metal post 21 formed by electroplating, which is electrically connected to the top contact pad 131 of the top circuit layer 13 .
图5及图6分别为于基底板10中形成贯穿开口105的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图。该贯穿开口105的内侧壁109是由基底板10顶侧101延伸贯穿至基底板10底侧103,且贯穿开口105可通过各种技术来形成,如冲孔(punching)、钻孔或激光切割。5 and 6 are respectively a cross-sectional view and a top perspective view of forming the through opening 105 in the base plate 10 . The inner wall 109 of the through opening 105 extends from the top side 101 of the base plate 10 to the bottom side 103 of the base plate 10, and the through opening 105 can be formed by various techniques, such as punching, drilling or laser cutting. .
图7及图8分别为电隔离件30插入基底板10贯穿开口105中的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图。该电隔离件30通常具有高弹性模数以及低热膨胀系数(例如为2x 10-6K-1至10x10-6K-1),可例如为陶瓷、硅、玻璃或其他具导热特性的电绝缘材料。在此实施例中,该电隔离件30为陶瓷块,其厚度实质上相等于基底板10厚度加上垂直连接件20高度,且容置于基底板10的贯穿开口105中,其中基底板10的底侧103会与电隔离件30的底面303呈实质上共平面。由于贯穿开口105的尺寸大于电隔离件30,故基底板10内侧壁109与电隔离件30外围边缘间留有一位于贯穿开口105内的间隙107。该间隙107侧向环绕电隔离件30,同时被基底板10侧向包围。于某些实例中,基底板10的内侧壁109可作为定位件,以确保电隔离件30放置时的准确度。据此,可将电隔离件30精准地限制于预定位置处,且电隔离件30的外围边缘会靠近基底板10贯穿开口105的内侧壁109。7 and 8 are respectively a cross-sectional view and a top perspective view of the electrical isolator 30 inserted into the through opening 105 of the base plate 10 . The electrical isolator 30 usually has a high modulus of elasticity and a low coefficient of thermal expansion (for example, 2×10 −6 K −1 to 10×10 −6 K −1 ), and can be, for example, ceramic, silicon, glass or other electrical insulating materials with thermal conductivity. Material. In this embodiment, the electrical isolator 30 is a ceramic block, the thickness of which is substantially equal to the thickness of the base plate 10 plus the height of the vertical connector 20, and is accommodated in the through opening 105 of the base plate 10, wherein the base plate 10 The bottom side 103 of the electrical isolator 30 is substantially coplanar with the bottom surface 303 of the electrical isolator 30 . Since the size of the through opening 105 is larger than that of the electrical isolator 30 , there is a gap 107 inside the through opening 105 between the inner wall 109 of the base board 10 and the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator 30 . This gap 107 laterally surrounds the electrical isolator 30 and is at the same time surrounded laterally by the base plate 10 . In some examples, the inner sidewall 109 of the base board 10 can be used as a positioning member to ensure the accuracy of the electrical isolator 30 when placed. Accordingly, the electrical isolator 30 can be accurately restricted to a predetermined position, and the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator 30 will be close to the inner wall 109 of the through opening 105 of the base board 10 .
图9为形成模封材40的剖面示意图。该模封材40可通过将模制材料涂布于基底板10顶侧101上、电隔离件30顶面301上、以及基底板10与电隔离件30间的间隙107内而形成,其中模制材料可通过胶浆印刷(paste printing)、压模成形(compressive molding)、转注成形(transfer molding)、液态射出成形(liquid injection molding)、旋转涂布(spincoating)或其他适合方式涂布而成。接着,进行热处理(或热硬化工艺),使模制材料硬化,以将模制材料转化成固态模制化合物。据此,模封材40会从上方覆盖基底板10、垂直连接件20及电隔离件30,并侧向覆盖、环绕且同形被覆基底板10内侧壁109、垂直连接件20侧壁及电隔离件30侧壁。FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of forming the molding compound 40 . The molding compound 40 can be formed by coating a molding material on the top side 101 of the base plate 10, on the top surface 301 of the electrical isolator 30, and in the gap 107 between the base plate 10 and the electrical isolator 30, wherein the mold The material can be coated by paste printing, compressive molding, transfer molding, liquid injection molding, spin coating or other suitable methods . Next, heat treatment (or thermosetting process) is performed to harden the molding material to convert the molding material into a solid molding compound. Accordingly, the molding material 40 will cover the base plate 10, the vertical connectors 20 and the electrical isolator 30 from above, and laterally cover, surround and conformally coat the inner side wall 109 of the base plate 10, the side walls of the vertical connector 20 and the electrical isolator. 30 side walls.
模封材40通常包括黏结树脂、填充材、硬化剂、稀释剂及添加剂。本发明所使用的黏结树脂并无特殊限制。例如,黏结树脂可选自由环氧树脂、酚树脂、聚酰亚胺(polyimide)树脂、聚胺酯(polyurethane)树脂、硅氧树脂、聚酯树脂、丙烯酸(acrylate)树脂、双马来酰亚胺(bismaleimide,BMI)树脂及其相等物所组群组中的至少一者。黏结树脂可于附着材与填充材间提供紧密的黏结力。黏结树脂亦可通过填充材的链状连接,以提供导热度。此外,黏结树脂亦可改善模封材40的物理及化学稳定性。The molding compound 40 generally includes adhesive resin, filler, hardener, diluent and additives. The binder resin used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, the bonding resin may be selected from epoxy resin, phenol resin, polyimide resin, polyurethane resin, silicone resin, polyester resin, acrylic resin, bismaleimide ( Bismaleimide, BMI) resins and at least one of the group of equivalents thereof. Adhesive resin can provide a tight bond between the adhesive material and the filler material. The bonding resin can also be connected by chains of fillers to provide thermal conductivity. In addition, the bonding resin can also improve the physical and chemical stability of the molding compound 40 .
此外,本发明所使用的填充材并无特殊限制。例如,可使用导热填充材,其选自由氧化铝、氮化铝、碳化硅、碳化钨、碳化硼、二氧化硅及其相等物所组成的群组。更具体地说,若有适当的填充材分散其中,则模封材40便可变成具有导热性或者具有低热膨胀系数(CTE)。举例说明,氮化铝(AlN)或碳化硅(SiC)具有相对高的导热率、相对高的电阻及相对低的热膨胀系数。据此,当模封材40中使用该类材料作为填充材时,则模封材40便可展现较佳的散热效能、电绝缘效能,且其低CTE特性可避免电路或界面出现剥离或裂纹。导热填充材的最大粒径可为25μm或小于25μm。填充材的含量可于10至90重量百分比的范围内。若导热填充材的含量低于10重量百分比,则可能导致导热度不足且黏度过低。低黏度表示,在涂布或模制过程中,树脂太过容易从工具流出,使得工艺不易操作及控制。另一方面,若填充材的含量高于90重量百分比,则可能导致模制材料的接合强度下降,且黏度过高。高黏度的模制材料会因为涂布或模制过程中,材料无法由工具流出,因而导致可操作性不佳。此外,模封材40可包括多于一种的填充材。例如,可使用聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)做为第二填充材,以进一步改善模封材40的电绝缘特性。总之,模封材40优选具有大于1.0GPa的弹性模数及约5x10-6K-1至15x 10-6K-1范围内的线性热膨胀系数。In addition, the filler used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, a thermally conductive filler selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride, silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide, silicon dioxide, and equivalents may be used. More specifically, the molding compound 40 can become thermally conductive or have a low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) if appropriate fillers are dispersed therein. For example, aluminum nitride (AlN) or silicon carbide (SiC) have relatively high thermal conductivity, relatively high electrical resistance, and relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion. Accordingly, when such materials are used as fillers in the molding compound 40, the molding compound 40 can exhibit better heat dissipation performance and electrical insulation performance, and its low CTE characteristics can avoid peeling or cracks in circuits or interfaces. . The maximum particle size of the thermally conductive filler may be 25 μm or less. The content of the filler can be in the range of 10 to 90 weight percent. If the content of the thermally conductive filler is less than 10% by weight, the thermal conductivity may be insufficient and the viscosity may be too low. Low viscosity means that the resin flows too easily from the tool during coating or molding, making the process difficult to handle and control. On the other hand, if the content of the filler is higher than 90% by weight, the bonding strength of the molding material may decrease and the viscosity may be too high. High-viscosity molding materials can cause poor workability because the material cannot flow out of the tool during coating or molding. In addition, the molding compound 40 may include more than one kind of filler. For example, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) can be used as the second filler to further improve the electrical insulation properties of the molding compound 40 . In conclusion, the molding compound 40 preferably has an elastic modulus greater than 1.0 GPa and a linear thermal expansion coefficient in the range of about 5×10 −6 K −1 to 15×10 −6 K −1 .
图10为移除模封材40上半部后的剖面示意图。在此,可通过平坦化工艺,移除模封材40的上半部,以从上方显露垂直连接件20及电隔离件30,其中平坦化工艺可为抹磨/轮磨(lapping/grinding)工艺或是化学机械研磨(CMP)工艺。于平坦化后,模封材40的厚度为0.05mm至1mm(优选为0.1至0.4mm)范围内,且模封材40的外表面401与垂直连接件20顶侧201及电隔离件30顶面301呈实质上共平面。FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view after removing the upper half of the molding compound 40 . Here, the upper half of the molding compound 40 may be removed through a planarization process, such as lapping/grinding, to expose the vertical connection member 20 and the electrical isolation member 30 from above. process or chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) process. After planarization, the thickness of the molding material 40 is in the range of 0.05 mm to 1 mm (preferably 0.1 to 0.4 mm), and the outer surface 401 of the molding material 40 is in contact with the top side 201 of the vertical connecting member 20 and the top side of the electrical isolation member 30 Faces 301 are substantially coplanar.
图11及12分别为通过金属图案化沉积法制成路由电路50的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图。首先,可通过各种技术,如电镀、无电电镀、蒸镀、溅镀或其组合,对结构顶面进行金属化,以形成单层或多层的导电层(通常为铜层)。该导电层可由Cu、Ni、Ti、Au、Ag、Al、其组合或其他合适的导电材料制成。一般而言,会于电镀导电层至所需厚度前先于结构的最顶面形成晶种层,其中晶种层可由一扩散阻层及一电镀载层(plating bus layer)所构成。该扩散阻层是用于抵消导电层(如铜)的氧化或侵蚀。于大多数的实例中,扩散阻层亦可做为下层材料的黏着加强层,并可通过物理气相沉积法(PVD)形成,例如,可溅镀形成厚度约0.01μm至0.1μm的Ti或TiW层。然而,扩散阻层亦可由其他材料制成,如TaN或其他适用的材料,其厚度并不限于上述范围。电镀载层通常是由相同于导电层的材料制成,其厚度范围约为0.1μm至1μm。举例说明,若导电层为铜时,电镀载层优选为物理气相沉积法或无电电镀法所制成的铜薄膜。然而,电镀载层亦可由其他适用的材料制成,如银、金、铬、镍、钨或其组合,其厚度并不限于上述范围。11 and 12 are respectively a cross-sectional schematic diagram and a top perspective schematic diagram of the routing circuit 50 fabricated by the patterned metal deposition method. First, the top surface of the structure can be metallized by various techniques such as electroplating, electroless plating, evaporation, sputtering, or combinations thereof to form a single or multilayer conductive layer (usually a copper layer). The conductive layer can be made of Cu, Ni, Ti, Au, Ag, Al, combinations thereof or other suitable conductive materials. Generally, a seed layer is formed on the topmost surface of the structure before electroplating the conductive layer to a desired thickness, wherein the seed layer may be composed of a diffusion resistance layer and a plating bus layer. The diffusion resistance layer is used to counteract the oxidation or erosion of the conductive layer (such as copper). In most cases, the diffusion barrier layer can also be used as an adhesion enhancement layer for the underlying material, and can be formed by physical vapor deposition (PVD), for example, Ti or TiW can be formed by sputtering with a thickness of about 0.01 μm to 0.1 μm Floor. However, the diffusion barrier layer can also be made of other materials, such as TaN or other suitable materials, and its thickness is not limited to the above range. The electroplating carrier layer is usually made of the same material as the conductive layer, and its thickness ranges from about 0.1 μm to 1 μm. For example, if the conductive layer is copper, the electroplating carrier layer is preferably a copper film made by physical vapor deposition or electroless plating. However, the electroplating carrier layer can also be made of other suitable materials, such as silver, gold, chromium, nickel, tungsten or combinations thereof, and its thickness is not limited to the above range.
于沉积晶种层后,于晶种层上形成光刻胶层(图未示)。该光刻胶层可通过湿式工艺(如旋涂工艺)或干式工艺(如压合干膜)而形成。于形成光刻胶层后,再对光刻胶层进行图案化,以形成开孔,随后于开孔中填满被覆金属(如铜),进而形成路由电路50。镀上金属后,再通过刻蚀工艺,以移除显露的晶种层,进而形成彼此电隔离的导线。于此图中,路由电路50为图案化金属层,其侧向延伸于模封材40外表面401及电隔离件30顶面301上,并接触且电性耦接至垂直连接件20,同时热性导通至电隔离件30。此外,也可选择对结构底面进行金属化,以形成底部被覆层60,其从下方接触并完全覆盖基底板10的底部金属层15、电隔离件30及模封材40。After depositing the seed layer, a photoresist layer (not shown) is formed on the seed layer. The photoresist layer can be formed by a wet process (such as a spin-coating process) or a dry process (such as a laminated dry film). After the photoresist layer is formed, the photoresist layer is patterned to form openings, and then the openings are filled with coating metal (such as copper) to form the routing circuit 50 . After the metal is plated, an etching process is performed to remove the exposed seed layer, thereby forming conductive lines electrically isolated from each other. In this figure, the routing circuit 50 is a patterned metal layer, which extends laterally on the outer surface 401 of the molding material 40 and the top surface 301 of the electrical isolation member 30, and is in contact with and electrically coupled to the vertical connection member 20, while Thermal conduction to electrical isolator 30 . In addition, metallization may also be performed on the bottom surface of the structure to form a bottom cladding layer 60 , which contacts and completely covers the bottom metal layer 15 of the substrate 10 , the electrical isolator 30 and the molding compound 40 from below.
据此,如图11及12所示,已完成的线路板100包括一基底板10、垂直连接件20、一电隔离件30、一模封材40、一路由电路50及一底部被覆层60。该电隔离件30设置于基底板10的贯穿开口105中,且电隔离件30的厚度大于基底板10的厚度。垂直连接件20设置于基底板10的顶部线路层13上,并电性耦接至顶部线路层13。模封材40覆盖并环绕垂直连接件20侧壁及电隔离件30侧壁,以于基底板10内侧壁109与电隔离件30外围边缘间提供机械接合力。路由电路50侧向延伸于模封材40外表面401及电隔离件30顶面301上,以提供水平路由,并电性耦接至提供垂直路由的垂直连接件20。因此,路由电路50可通过垂直连接件20,电性连接至基底板10的顶部线路层13。底部被覆层60为连续且未图案化的金属层,其设于基底板10及电隔离件30的下方,以提供面积大于电隔离件30的散热面。Accordingly, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 , the completed circuit board 100 includes a base plate 10, vertical connectors 20, an electrical isolator 30, a molding material 40, a routing circuit 50 and a bottom coating layer 60. . The electrical isolator 30 is disposed in the through opening 105 of the base board 10 , and the thickness of the electrical isolator 30 is greater than that of the base board 10 . The vertical connector 20 is disposed on the top circuit layer 13 of the base board 10 and is electrically coupled to the top circuit layer 13 . The molding material 40 covers and surrounds the sidewalls of the vertical connecting piece 20 and the sidewall of the electrical isolator 30 to provide a mechanical bonding force between the inner sidewall 109 of the base board 10 and the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator 30 . The routing circuit 50 extends laterally on the outer surface 401 of the molding material 40 and the top surface 301 of the electrical isolator 30 to provide horizontal routing, and is electrically coupled to the vertical connecting member 20 providing vertical routing. Therefore, the routing circuit 50 can be electrically connected to the top circuit layer 13 of the base board 10 through the vertical connection piece 20 . The bottom cladding layer 60 is a continuous and unpatterned metal layer, which is disposed under the base plate 10 and the electrical isolator 30 to provide a heat dissipation surface with an area larger than that of the electrical isolator 30 .
图13及14分别为半导体元件71电性连接至图11及12所示线路板100的半导体组体110的剖面示意图及顶部立体示意图。半导体元件71(绘示成芯片)是以覆晶方式接置于电隔离件30的顶面上,并通过导电凸块81电性耦接至路由电路50。13 and 14 are respectively a cross-sectional view and a top perspective view of the semiconductor assembly 110 in which the semiconductor element 71 is electrically connected to the circuit board 100 shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 . The semiconductor device 71 (shown as a chip) is flip-chip mounted on the top surface of the electrical isolator 30 and is electrically coupled to the routing circuit 50 through the conductive bump 81 .
图15为本发明第一实施例中另一方案的线路板剖面示意图。该线路板120类似于图11所示结构,差异在于,其包含有金属填孔23,以作为垂直连接件20。在此,可通过于模封材40的盲孔41中沉积金属,以形成接触基底板10顶部线路层13的金属填孔23。FIG. 15 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board of another solution in the first embodiment of the present invention. The circuit board 120 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 11 , the difference is that it includes a metal filling hole 23 as the vertical connection piece 20 . Here, the metal filling hole 23 contacting the circuit layer 13 on the top of the base board 10 can be formed by depositing metal in the blind hole 41 of the molding material 40 .
图16为本发明第一实施例中再一方案的线路板剖面示意图。该线路板130类似于图11所示结构,差异在于,其包含有导电球25(如铜球),以作为垂直连接件20。FIG. 16 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board of another solution in the first embodiment of the present invention. The circuit board 130 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 11 , the difference is that it includes conductive balls 25 (such as copper balls) as the vertical connectors 20 .
图17为本发明第一实施例中又一方案的线路板剖面示意图。该线路板140类似于图11所示结构,差异在于,其包含有金属填孔23及导电球25,以作为垂直连接件20。在此,可通过于模封材40的盲孔41中沉积金属,以形成接触导电球25的金属填孔23。FIG. 17 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board of another solution in the first embodiment of the present invention. The circuit board 140 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 11 , the difference is that it includes a metal filling hole 23 and a conductive ball 25 as the vertical connection piece 20 . Here, the metal filling hole 23 contacting the conductive ball 25 can be formed by depositing metal in the blind hole 41 of the molding material 40 .
图18为本发明第一实施例中另一方案的线路板剖面示意图。该线路板150类似于图11所示结构,差异在于,其还包括嵌埋于模封材40中的被动元件73。该被动元件73电性耦接至基底板10的顶部线路层13,因而可通过垂直连接件20电性连接至路由电路50。FIG. 18 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board of another solution in the first embodiment of the present invention. The circuit board 150 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 11 , the difference is that it further includes a passive element 73 embedded in the molding compound 40 . The passive element 73 is electrically coupled to the top circuit layer 13 of the base board 10 , and thus can be electrically connected to the routing circuit 50 through the vertical connection 20 .
[实施例2][Example 2]
图19-20为本发明第二实施例中具有顶部增层电路的线路板制作方法图。19-20 are diagrams of the fabrication method of the circuit board with the top build-up circuit in the second embodiment of the present invention.
为了简要说明的目的,上述实施例1中任何可作相同应用的叙述皆并于此,且无须再重复相同叙述。For the purpose of brief description, any descriptions in the above-mentioned embodiment 1 that can be used for the same application are incorporated here, and it is not necessary to repeat the same descriptions.
图19为图11结构上更形成顶部介电层911及盲孔913的剖面示意图,其中顶部介电层911位于路由电路50、电隔离件30及模封材40上,而盲孔913则形成于顶部介电层911中。该顶部介电层911一般可通过层压或涂布方法沉积而成,其接触电隔离件30、模封材40及路由电路50,且由上方覆盖并侧向延伸于电隔离件30、模封材40及路由电路50上。顶部介电层911通常具有50微米的厚度,且可由环氧树脂、玻璃环氧树脂、聚酰亚胺、或其类似物所制成。于沉积顶部介电层911后,可通过各种技术形成盲孔913,其包括激光钻孔、等离子体刻蚀、及光刻技术,且盲孔913通常具有50微米的直径。可使用脉冲激光提高激光钻孔效能。或者,可使用扫描激光束,并搭配金属光罩。盲孔913延伸穿过顶部介电层911,并对准路由电路50的选定部分。19 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the top dielectric layer 911 and blind holes 913 formed on the structure of FIG. in the top dielectric layer 911. The top dielectric layer 911 can generally be deposited by lamination or coating methods, it contacts the electrical isolator 30, the molding material 40 and the routing circuit 50, and covers from above and extends laterally on the electrical isolator 30, the mold on the sealing material 40 and the routing circuit 50 . The top dielectric layer 911 typically has a thickness of 50 microns and can be made of epoxy, glass epoxy, polyimide, or the like. After depositing the top dielectric layer 911, the blind holes 913 can be formed by various techniques including laser drilling, plasma etching, and photolithography, and the blind holes 913 typically have a diameter of 50 microns. A pulsed laser can be used to increase laser drilling performance. Alternatively, a scanning laser beam can be used with a metal mask. Blind vias 913 extend through top dielectric layer 911 and are aligned with selected portions of routing circuitry 50 .
参考图20,通过金属沉积及金属图案化工艺形成顶部导线915于顶部介电层911上。顶部导线915自路由电路50朝上延伸,并填满盲孔913,以形成直接接触路由电路50的金属化盲孔917,同时侧向延伸于顶部介电层911上。因此,顶部导线915可提供X及Y方向的水平信号路由以及穿过盲孔913的垂直路由,以作为路由电路50的电性连接。Referring to FIG. 20 , a top wire 915 is formed on the top dielectric layer 911 by metal deposition and metal patterning processes. The top wire 915 extends upward from the routing circuit 50 and fills the blind hole 913 to form a metallized blind hole 917 directly contacting the routing circuit 50 , while extending laterally on the top dielectric layer 911 . Therefore, the top wire 915 can provide horizontal signal routing in the X and Y directions and vertical routing through the blind hole 913 as an electrical connection to the routing circuit 50 .
顶部导线915可通过各种技术沉积为单层或多层,如电镀、无电电镀、蒸镀、溅镀或其组合。举例来说,首先通过将该结构浸入活化剂溶液中,使顶部介电层911与无电镀铜产生触媒反应,接着以无电电镀方式被覆一薄铜层作为晶种层,然后以电镀方式将所需厚度的第二铜层形成于晶种层上。或者,于晶种层上沉积电镀铜层前,该晶种层可通过溅镀方式形成如钛/铜的晶种层薄膜。一旦达到所需的厚度,即可使用各种技术图案化被覆层,以形成顶部导线915,如湿刻蚀、电化学刻蚀、激光辅助刻蚀或其组合,并使用刻蚀掩模板(图未示),以定义出顶部导线915。The top lead 915 can be deposited as a single layer or multiple layers by various techniques, such as electroplating, electroless plating, evaporation, sputtering, or combinations thereof. For example, the top dielectric layer 911 is first catalyzed by electroless copper plating by immersing the structure in an activator solution, followed by electroless plating of a thin copper layer as a seed layer, and then electroplating. A second copper layer of desired thickness is formed on the seed layer. Alternatively, before depositing the electroplated copper layer on the seed layer, the seed layer can be sputtered to form a seed layer film such as titanium/copper. Once the desired thickness is achieved, the cladding layer can be patterned using various techniques to form the top wire 915, such as wet etching, electrochemical etching, laser-assisted etching, or a combination thereof, and using an etch mask (Fig. not shown) to define the top wire 915.
据此,如图20所示,已完成的线路板200包括一基底板10、垂直连接件20、一电隔离件30、一模封材40、一路由电路50、一底部被覆层60及一顶部增层电路91。于此图中,该顶部增层电路91为多层增层电路,其包括一顶部介电层911及顶部导线915。据此,顶部线路层13、垂直接件20及顶部增层电路91的组合可对组装于线路板200上的半导体元件提供路由/互连。Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 20, the completed circuit board 200 includes a base plate 10, vertical connectors 20, an electrical isolator 30, a molding material 40, a routing circuit 50, a bottom coating layer 60 and a Top build-up circuitry 91 . In this figure, the top build-up circuit 91 is a multi-layer build-up circuit including a top dielectric layer 911 and top conductive lines 915 . Accordingly, the combination of the top wiring layer 13 , the vertical contacts 20 and the top build-up circuit 91 can provide routing/interconnection for semiconductor devices assembled on the wiring board 200 .
图21为半导体组体210的剖面示意图,其将半导体元件71电性连接至图20的线路板200。半导体元件71(绘示成芯片)对准电隔离件30,并以覆晶方式接置于顶部增层电路91上,以通过导电凸块81电性耦接至顶部导线915。由于顶部增层电路91可通过作为散热管的金属化盲孔917与电隔离件30热性导通,故半导体元件所产生的热可传导至电隔离件30后再散逸出。FIG. 21 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor assembly 210 that electrically connects the semiconductor element 71 to the circuit board 200 of FIG. 20 . The semiconductor device 71 (shown as a chip) is aligned with the electrical isolator 30 and is flip-chip connected to the top build-up circuit 91 to be electrically coupled to the top lead 915 through the conductive bump 81 . Since the top build-up circuit 91 can be thermally connected to the electrical isolator 30 through the metallized blind hole 917 as a heat pipe, the heat generated by the semiconductor element can be conducted to the electrical isolator 30 and then dissipated.
[实施例3][Example 3]
图22为本发明第三实施例的线路板剖面示意图,其路由电路电性连接至基底板的底部线路层。22 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board according to a third embodiment of the present invention, the routing circuit is electrically connected to the bottom circuit layer of the base board.
为了简要说明的目的,上述实施例中任何可作相同应用的叙述皆并于此,且无须再重复相同叙述。For the purpose of brief description, any descriptions in the above embodiments that can be used for the same application are incorporated here, and the same descriptions do not need to be repeated.
该线路板300类似与图11所示结构,差异在于,该基底板10为多层电路板,且底部被覆层60为图案化金属层。于此图中,该基底板10包括一核心层12、一顶部线路层13、一底部线路层16及金属化贯孔18。该顶部线路层13与该底部线路层16分别侧向延伸于核心层12的两侧上。顶部线路层13包括顶部接触垫131,用以电性连接至垂直连接件20,而底部线路层16包括底部接触垫161,用以下一级电性连接。所述金属化贯孔18延伸穿过核心层12,以提供顶部接触垫131与底部接触垫161间的电性连接。因此,电隔离件30顶面及模封材40外表面上的路由电路50可通过垂直连接件20、顶部线路层13及金属化贯孔18,电性连接至基底板10的底部线路层16。于本实施例中,该基底板10不限于多层电路板,其亦可为共烧陶瓷(co-fired ceramic)、模封基板(molded interconnect substrate,简称MIS)或增层基板。The circuit board 300 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 11 , the difference is that the base board 10 is a multi-layer circuit board, and the bottom coating layer 60 is a patterned metal layer. In this figure, the base board 10 includes a core layer 12 , a top wiring layer 13 , a bottom wiring layer 16 and metallized vias 18 . The top wiring layer 13 and the bottom wiring layer 16 extend laterally on two sides of the core layer 12 respectively. The top circuit layer 13 includes top contact pads 131 for electrical connection to the vertical connectors 20 , and the bottom circuit layer 16 includes bottom contact pads 161 for next-level electrical connection. The metallized vias 18 extend through the core layer 12 to provide an electrical connection between the top contact pad 131 and the bottom contact pad 161 . Therefore, the routing circuit 50 on the top surface of the electrical isolator 30 and the outer surface of the molding material 40 can be electrically connected to the bottom circuit layer 16 of the base board 10 through the vertical connection 20 , the top circuit layer 13 and the metalized through hole 18 . In this embodiment, the base board 10 is not limited to a multilayer circuit board, and it can also be a co-fired ceramic, a molded interconnect substrate (MIS for short) or a build-up substrate.
图23为本发明第三实施例中另一方案的线路板剖面示意图。该线路板310类似与图22所示结构,差异在于,其还包括直接接触路由电路50及底部线路层16的金属化通孔55。所述金属化通孔55延伸贯穿基底板10及模封材40,并提供路由电路55与基底板10底部线路层16间的电性连接。FIG. 23 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board of another solution in the third embodiment of the present invention. The circuit board 310 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 22 , the difference is that it further includes a metallized through hole 55 directly contacting the routing circuit 50 and the bottom circuit layer 16 . The metallized through hole 55 extends through the base board 10 and the molding material 40 , and provides an electrical connection between the routing circuit 55 and the circuit layer 16 at the bottom of the base board 10 .
图24为半导体元件71及被动元件73电性连接至图22所示线路板300的半导体组体320的剖面示意图。半导体元件71是以覆晶方式接置于电隔离件30的顶面上,并通过导电凸块81电性耦接至路由电路50。被动元件73则接置于模封材40的顶侧上,并电性耦接至路由电路50。FIG. 24 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the semiconductor assembly 320 in which the semiconductor element 71 and the passive element 73 are electrically connected to the circuit board 300 shown in FIG. 22 . The semiconductor element 71 is flip-chip mounted on the top surface of the electrical isolator 30 and electrically coupled to the routing circuit 50 through the conductive bump 81 . The passive element 73 is mounted on the top side of the molding compound 40 and electrically coupled to the routing circuit 50 .
图25为本发明第三实施例中另一方案的半导体组体剖面示意图。该半导体组体330类似于图24所示结构,差异在于,其还包括额外半导体元件72及密封材89。该额外半导体元件72接置于半导体元件71上,并通过接合线83,电性耦接至路由电路50。该密封材89则由上方覆盖半导体元件71,72、被动元件73及接合线83。FIG. 25 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor assembly of another solution in the third embodiment of the present invention. The semiconductor assembly 330 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 24 , the difference is that it further includes an additional semiconductor element 72 and a sealing material 89 . The additional semiconductor device 72 is mounted on the semiconductor device 71 and electrically coupled to the routing circuit 50 through the bonding wire 83 . The sealing material 89 covers the semiconductor elements 71 , 72 , the passive element 73 and the bonding wire 83 from above.
图26为本发明第三实施例中再一方案的半导体组体剖面示意图。该半导体组体340类似于图24所示结构,差异在于,(i)路由电路50未侧向延伸至电隔离件30上,(ii)半导体元件71接置于电隔离件30上,并通过接合线83电性耦接至路由电路50,(iii)更提供一密封材89,以由上方覆盖半导体元件71、被动元件73及接合线83。FIG. 26 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a semiconductor assembly in another solution of the third embodiment of the present invention. The semiconductor assembly 340 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 24, the difference is that (i) the routing circuit 50 does not extend laterally to the electrical isolator 30, (ii) the semiconductor element 71 is connected to the electrical isolator 30, and passes through The bonding wire 83 is electrically coupled to the routing circuit 50 , (iii) a sealing material 89 is provided to cover the semiconductor element 71 , the passive element 73 and the bonding wire 83 from above.
图27为本发明第三实施例中又一方案的半导体组体剖面示意图。该半导体组体350类似于图26所示结构,差异在于,该路由电路50更侧向延伸于电隔离件30上,以于电隔离件30与半导体元件71间提供一导热垫51。于此图中,该导热垫51通过垂直连接件20电性连接至基底板10,以构成接地连接。FIG. 27 is a schematic cross-sectional view of another solution of the semiconductor assembly in the third embodiment of the present invention. The semiconductor assembly 350 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 26 , the difference is that the routing circuit 50 extends laterally on the electrical isolator 30 to provide a thermal pad 51 between the electrical isolator 30 and the semiconductor element 71 . In this figure, the thermal pad 51 is electrically connected to the base board 10 through the vertical connector 20 to form a ground connection.
[实施例4][Example 4]
图28为本发明第四实施例的线路板剖面示意图,其模封材中未嵌埋垂直连接件。28 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which no vertical connectors are embedded in the molding compound.
为了简要说明的目的,上述实施例中任何可作相同应用的叙述皆并于此,且无须再重复相同叙述。For the purpose of brief description, any descriptions in the above embodiments that can be used for the same application are incorporated here, and the same descriptions do not need to be repeated.
该线路板400类似与图11所示结构,差异在于,基底板10顶侧未设置顶部线路层,且未沉积形成垂直连接件于基底板10顶侧。于本实施例中,基底板10的内侧壁109可控制电隔离件30置放时的准确度。据此,可将电隔离件30精准地控制于预定位置处,且电隔离件30的外围边缘会靠近基底板10的贯穿开口105内侧壁109。此外,基底板10亦可为单层结构,且可由复合材料制成,如FR-4(浸有环氧树脂的织造玻璃纤维布,其具耐燃性)、双马来酰亚胺-三氮杂苯树脂(bismaleimide-triazine(BT)resin)、模封材、陶瓷、玻璃、塑料、金属或其他材料。The circuit board 400 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 11 , the difference is that the top circuit layer is not provided on the top side of the base board 10 , and no vertical connectors are deposited and formed on the top side of the base board 10 . In this embodiment, the inner wall 109 of the base plate 10 can control the accuracy of placing the electrical isolator 30 . Accordingly, the electrical isolator 30 can be precisely controlled at a predetermined position, and the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator 30 will be close to the inner wall 109 of the through opening 105 of the base plate 10 . In addition, the base plate 10 can also be a single-layer structure, and can be made of composite materials, such as FR-4 (woven glass fiber cloth impregnated with epoxy resin, which has flame resistance), bismaleimide-triazol Bismaleimide-triazine (BT) resin, molding compound, ceramic, glass, plastic, metal or other materials.
[实施例5][Example 5]
图29为本发明第五实施例的线路板剖面示意图,其具有顶部增层电路,以电性连接至基底板的底部线路层。29 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a circuit board according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention, which has a top build-up circuit electrically connected to a bottom circuit layer of a base board.
为了简要说明的目的,上述实施例中任何可作相同应用的叙述皆并于此,且无须再重复相同叙述。For the purpose of brief description, any descriptions in the above embodiments that can be used for the same application are incorporated here, and the same descriptions do not need to be repeated.
该线路板500类似与图22所示结构,差异在于,其还包括一顶部增层电路91。于此图中,该顶部增层电路91为多层增层电路,其包括一顶部介电层911及顶部导线915。该顶部介电层911接触电隔离件30、模封材40及路由电路50,并由上方覆盖且侧向延伸于电隔离件30、模封材40及路由电路50上。顶部导线915侧向延伸于顶部介电层911上,且包括位于顶部介电层911中的金属化盲孔917。因此,该顶部增层电路91可通过与路由电路50接触的金属化盲孔917,电性连接至路由电路50,并与电隔离件30热性导通。The circuit board 500 is similar to the structure shown in FIG. 22 , the difference is that it further includes a top build-up circuit 91 . In this figure, the top build-up circuit 91 is a multi-layer build-up circuit including a top dielectric layer 911 and top conductive lines 915 . The top dielectric layer 911 is in contact with the electrical isolator 30 , the molding compound 40 and the routing circuit 50 , covers from above and extends laterally on the electrical isolating member 30 , the molding material 40 and the routing circuit 50 . The top lead 915 extends laterally on the top dielectric layer 911 and includes a metallized blind via 917 in the top dielectric layer 911 . Therefore, the top build-up circuit 91 can be electrically connected to the routing circuit 50 through the metallized blind hole 917 contacting the routing circuit 50 , and thermally connected to the electrical isolator 30 .
[实施例6][Example 6]
图30-31为本发明第六实施例中具有顶部增层电路及底部增层电路的线路板制作方法图。30-31 are schematic diagrams of a method of manufacturing a circuit board with a top build-up circuit and a bottom build-up circuit in the sixth embodiment of the present invention.
为了简要说明的目的,上述实施例中任何可作相同应用的叙述皆并于此,且无须再重复相同叙述。For the purpose of brief description, any descriptions in the above embodiments that can be used for the same application are incorporated here, and the same descriptions do not need to be repeated.
图30为图29结构上形成底部介电层931及盲孔933的剖面示意图,其中底部介电层931位于底部被覆层60上,而盲孔933位于底部介电层931中。该底部介电层931接触底部被覆层60,并由下方覆盖并侧向延伸于底部被覆层60上。所述盲孔933延伸穿过底部介电层931,并对准底部被覆层60的选定部位。30 is a schematic cross-sectional view of forming a bottom dielectric layer 931 and a blind hole 933 on the structure of FIG. 29 , wherein the bottom dielectric layer 931 is located on the bottom cladding layer 60 , and the blind hole 933 is located in the bottom dielectric layer 931 . The bottom dielectric layer 931 contacts the bottom cladding layer 60 , covers from below and extends laterally on the bottom cladding layer 60 . The blind via 933 extends through the bottom dielectric layer 931 and is aligned with a selected portion of the bottom cladding layer 60 .
参考图31,通过金属沉积及金属图案化工艺形成底部导线935于底部介电层931上。底部导线935自底部被覆层60朝下延伸,并填满盲孔933,以形成直接接触底部被覆层60的金属化盲孔937,同时侧向延伸于底部介电层931上。于此阶段中,底部增层电路93便形成于基底板10及电隔离件30的下方,且通过金属化盲孔937,电性耦接至基底板10的底部线路层16并热性导通至电隔离件30。于此图中,该底部增层电路93为多层增层电路,其包括底部介电层931及底部导线935。Referring to FIG. 31 , a bottom conductive line 935 is formed on the bottom dielectric layer 931 by metal deposition and metal patterning processes. The bottom wire 935 extends downward from the bottom cladding layer 60 and fills the blind hole 933 to form a metallized blind hole 937 directly contacting the bottom cladding layer 60 while extending laterally on the bottom dielectric layer 931 . In this stage, the bottom build-up circuit 93 is formed under the base board 10 and the electrical isolator 30 , and is electrically coupled to the bottom circuit layer 16 of the base board 10 through the metallized blind hole 937 and is thermally connected. to electrical isolation 30 . In this figure, the bottom build-up circuit 93 is a multi-layer build-up circuit, which includes a bottom dielectric layer 931 and a bottom conductive line 935 .
据此,如图31所示,已完成的线路板600包括一基底板10、垂直连接件20、一电隔离件30、一模封材40、一路由电路50、一底部被覆层60、一顶部增层电路91及一底部增层电路93。于本实施例中,基底板10、垂直连接件20及路由电路50的组合可于顶部增层电路91与底部增层电路93间提供电性连接,以使线路板600具有堆栈能力。此外,顶部增层电路91的金属化盲孔917及底部增层电路97的金属化盲孔937可作为散热用的导热管。Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 31 , the completed circuit board 600 includes a base plate 10, vertical connectors 20, an electrical isolator 30, a molding material 40, a routing circuit 50, a bottom coating layer 60, a A top build-up circuit 91 and a bottom build-up circuit 93 . In this embodiment, the combination of the base board 10 , the vertical connector 20 and the routing circuit 50 can provide an electrical connection between the top build-up circuit 91 and the bottom build-up circuit 93 , so that the circuit board 600 has stackability. In addition, the metallized blind holes 917 of the top build-up circuit 91 and the metallized blind holes 937 of the bottom build-up circuit 97 can be used as heat pipes for heat dissipation.
如上述实施方案所示,本发明建构出一种独特的线路板,其具有电隔离件及基底板,且可靠度佳。优选为,该线路板主要包含有一电隔离件、一基底板、一模封材及一路由电路,其中(i)电隔离件插置于基底板的贯穿开口中,且电隔离件的厚度大于基底板的厚度;(ii)模封材覆盖基底板顶侧及电隔离件侧壁,并填满电隔离件外围边缘与贯穿开口内侧壁间的间隙;(iii)路由电路沉积于模封材外表面上,并选择性地更进一步侧向延伸于电隔离件顶面上。As shown in the above embodiments, the present invention constructs a unique circuit board, which has an electrical isolator and a base plate, and has good reliability. Preferably, the circuit board mainly includes an electrical isolator, a base plate, a molding material and a routing circuit, wherein (i) the electrical isolator is inserted into the through opening of the base plate, and the thickness of the electrical isolator is greater than The thickness of the base plate; (ii) the molding material covers the top side of the base plate and the side wall of the electrical isolator, and fills the gap between the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator and the inner wall of the through opening; (iii) the routing circuit is deposited on the molding material The outer surface, and optionally further laterally extends on the top surface of the electrical isolator.
该线路板更可包括多个垂直连接件,其中(i)每一垂直连接件的顶侧未被模封材覆盖,而底侧则接触并电性耦接至基底板的顶部接触垫,(ii)模封材覆盖垂直连接件的侧壁,(iii)路由电路接触并电性耦接至垂直连接件的顶侧。The circuit board may further include a plurality of vertical connectors, wherein (i) the top side of each vertical connector is not covered by the molding compound, and the bottom side contacts and is electrically coupled to the top contact pad of the base board, ( ii) The molding compound covers the sidewalls of the vertical connectors, and (iii) the routing circuit is contacted and electrically coupled to the top side of the vertical connectors.
电隔离件可提供接置芯片的平台,而所述选择性的垂直连接件可提供垂直的信号传导路径,或者提供能量传递及返回的接地/电源面。更具体地说,该电隔离件可由导热且电绝缘材料制成,且通常具有高弹性系数及低热膨胀系数(例如,2x 10-6K-1至10x 10-6K-1)。因此,该电隔离件的热膨胀系数可与接置其上的半导体元件相匹配,以对半导体元件提供CTE补偿平台,且可大幅补偿或降低CTE不匹配所导致的内部应力。此外,该电隔离件亦提供半导体元件的初步热传导路径,俾使半导体元件所产生的热可被传导出去。The electrical isolation can provide a platform for attaching chips, and the optional vertical connection can provide a vertical signal conduction path, or provide a ground/power plane for energy transfer and return. More specifically, the electrical isolator can be made of a thermally conductive and electrically insulating material, and typically has a high modulus of elasticity and a low coefficient of thermal expansion (eg, 2x 10 -6 K -1 to 10x 10 -6 K -1 ). Therefore, the thermal expansion coefficient of the electrical isolator can match that of the semiconductor element connected thereon, so as to provide a CTE compensation platform for the semiconductor element, and can greatly compensate or reduce the internal stress caused by CTE mismatch. In addition, the electrical isolation element also provides a preliminary heat conduction path for the semiconductor element, so that the heat generated by the semiconductor element can be conducted away.
基底板可用于控制放置电隔离件时的准确度,或者/以及提供用于沉积垂直连接件的平台。更具体地说,该基底板可为金属板或具有绝缘层的单层或多层结构,且基底板的内侧壁可作为置放电隔离件时的定位件。基底板的内侧壁可侧向对准电隔离件的四侧表面,以定义出与电隔离件形状相同或相似的区域,避免电隔离件发生侧向位移。因此,基底板的内侧壁会靠近电隔离件的外围边缘,以控制电隔离件的置放精准度。并且/或者,基底板可用于提高线路版的布线灵活度。举例说明,基底板的顶侧可设有顶部线路层,以提供额外路由,其可通过嵌埋于模封材中的垂直连接件,与模封材上的路由电路电性连接。该路由电路的底侧更可设有多个底部接触垫,其电性耦接至顶部接触垫。据此,该线路板可于顶侧及底侧处提供电性接点。于一优选实施方案中,所述底部接触垫可由基底板底侧处的底部线路层提供,并通过基底板中的金属化贯孔电性耦接至顶部线路层。The substrate plate can be used to control the accuracy of the placement of the electrical isolation and/or provide a platform for the deposition of the vertical connectors. More specifically, the base plate can be a metal plate or a single-layer or multi-layer structure with an insulating layer, and the inner sidewall of the base plate can be used as a positioning member when placing the discharge separator. The inner side walls of the base plate can be laterally aligned with the four side surfaces of the electrical isolator to define a region with the same or similar shape as the electrical isolator, so as to avoid lateral displacement of the electrical isolator. Therefore, the inner sidewall of the base plate is close to the peripheral edge of the electrical isolation element, so as to control the placement precision of the electrical isolation element. And/or, the substrate board can be used to increase the routing flexibility of the circuit board. For example, the top side of the base board can be provided with a top circuit layer to provide additional routing, which can be electrically connected to the routing circuit on the molding compound through vertical connectors embedded in the molding compound. The bottom side of the routing circuit can further have a plurality of bottom contact pads electrically coupled to the top contact pads. Accordingly, the circuit board can provide electrical contacts at the top side and the bottom side. In a preferred embodiment, the bottom contact pads may be provided by the bottom wiring layer at the bottom side of the base board and electrically coupled to the top wiring layer through metallized vias in the base board.
该模封材可通过胶浆印刷(paste printing)、压模成形(compressive molding)、转注成形(transfer molding)、液态射出成形(liquid injection molding)、旋转涂布(spin coating)或其他合适方法形成,以与电隔离件及基底板接合。优选为,该模封材具有大于1.0GPa的弹性模数及范围约为5x10-6K-1至15x 10-6K-1的线性热膨胀系数,且接触基底板处的模封材厚度范围为0.05至1mm。再者,为具有足够的导热度及适当的黏度,该模封材可包括10至90重量百分比的导热填充材。例如,导热填充材可由氮化铝(AlN)、氧化铝、碳化硅(SiC)、碳化钨、碳化硼、二氧化硅或其类似物制成,且优选具有相对高导热度、相对高电阻率及相对低热膨胀系数。据此,该模封材可展现较佳的散热效能、电绝缘效能,且其低CTE特性可避免路由电路或界面出现剥离或裂纹。此外,导热填充材的最大粒径可为25μm或小于25μm。The molding compound can be formed by paste printing, compressive molding, transfer molding, liquid injection molding, spin coating or other suitable methods , to interface with the electrical isolator and base plate. Preferably, the molding material has an elastic modulus greater than 1.0 GPa and a linear thermal expansion coefficient ranging from about 5x10 -6 K -1 to 15x 10 -6 K -1 , and the thickness of the molding material in contact with the base plate ranges from 0.05 to 1mm. Furthermore, in order to have sufficient thermal conductivity and proper viscosity, the molding compound may include 10 to 90 weight percent of a thermally conductive filler. For example, the thermally conductive filler can be made of aluminum nitride (AlN), aluminum oxide, silicon carbide (SiC), tungsten carbide, boron carbide, silicon dioxide, or the like, and preferably has relatively high thermal conductivity, relatively high resistivity and relatively low coefficient of thermal expansion. Accordingly, the molding compound can exhibit better heat dissipation performance and electrical insulation performance, and its low CTE characteristic can avoid peeling or cracks in routing circuits or interfaces. In addition, the maximum particle size of the thermally conductive filler may be 25 μm or less.
模封材外表面上的路由电路可进一步延伸至电隔离件顶面上。因此,路由电路可于电隔离件上提供电性接点,以供半导体元件覆晶接置于电隔离件上,或者路由电路可于电隔离件上提供导热垫,以供半导体元件面朝上地接置于上。该路由电路可通过光刻工艺金属沉积而成。优选为,该路由电路是通过溅镀接着进行电镀工艺而形成。The routing circuitry on the outer surface of the molding compound may further extend to the top surface of the electrical isolator. Therefore, the routing circuit can provide electrical contacts on the electrical isolator for flip-chip connection of the semiconductor element on the electrical isolator, or the routing circuit can provide a thermal pad on the electrical isolator for the semiconductor element to face up. Connect on top. The routing circuit can be metal-deposited by a photolithography process. Preferably, the routing circuit is formed by sputtering followed by electroplating.
于提供模封材之前或之后,可形成电性连接至基底板的垂直连接件。垂直连接件的举例包括,但不限于,金属柱、导电球、接合线、金属填孔或其组合。更具体地说,所述垂直连接件的顶侧可接触路由电路,而底侧则接触基底板的顶部接触垫,进而于路由电路与基底板间提供电性连接。例如,垂直连接件可接触并电性耦接至基底板中顶部线路层的选定部位。据此,包含顶部线路及底部线路层的双层路由可提高线路板的布线灵活度。Before or after providing the molding compound, the vertical connectors electrically connected to the base board can be formed. Examples of vertical connectors include, but are not limited to, metal posts, conductive balls, bonding wires, metal vias, or combinations thereof. More specifically, the top side of the vertical connector can contact the routing circuit, while the bottom side contacts the top contact pad of the base board, thereby providing an electrical connection between the routing circuit and the base board. For example, the vertical connectors can contact and be electrically coupled to selected locations of the top wiring layer in the substrate board. Accordingly, the double-layer routing including the top wiring layer and the bottom wiring layer can improve the routing flexibility of the circuit board.
为进一步布线,该线路板更可包括一顶部增层电路或/及一底部增层电路,其中顶部增层电路位于路由电路上,而底部增层电路则位于电隔离件底面及基底板底侧的下方。该顶部增层电路可覆盖电隔离件顶面及模封材外表面,并电性耦接至路由电路,同时热性导通至电隔离件。该底部增层电路可覆盖电隔离件底面及基底板底侧,并电性耦接至基底板的底部接触垫,同时热性导通至电隔离件。优选为,顶部增层电路及底部增层电路为不具核心层的多层增层电路,其分别包括至少一介电层及导线,且导线填满介电层中的盲孔,并侧向延伸于介电层上。介电层与导线可连续交替轮流形成,且需要的话可重复形成。据此,顶部增层电路及底部增层电路可通过金属化盲孔,热性导通至电隔离件,并分别电性耦接至路由电路及基底板。此外,顶部增层电路及底部增层电路的最外层导线分别可接置导电接点,例如焊球或接合线,以与组体、电子元件或其他构件电性传输及机械性连接。For further wiring, the circuit board may further include a top build-up circuit or/and a bottom build-up circuit, wherein the top build-up circuit is located on the routing circuit, and the bottom build-up circuit is located on the bottom surface of the electrical spacer and the bottom side of the base board below. The top build-up circuit can cover the top surface of the electrical isolator and the outer surface of the molding material, and is electrically coupled to the routing circuit and thermally connected to the electrical isolator. The bottom build-up circuit can cover the bottom surface of the electrical isolator and the bottom side of the base board, and is electrically coupled to the bottom contact pad of the base board while being thermally connected to the electrical isolator. Preferably, the top build-up circuit and the bottom build-up circuit are multilayer build-up circuits without a core layer, which respectively include at least one dielectric layer and wires, and the wires fill blind holes in the dielectric layer and extend laterally on the dielectric layer. The dielectric layer and the wires can be formed continuously and alternately, and can be formed repeatedly if necessary. Accordingly, the top build-up circuit and the bottom build-up circuit can be thermally connected to the electrical isolator through the metallized blind hole, and electrically coupled to the routing circuit and the base board respectively. In addition, the outermost wires of the top build-up circuit and the bottom build-up circuit can respectively be connected with conductive contacts, such as solder balls or bonding wires, for electrical transmission and mechanical connection with assemblies, electronic components or other components.
本发明亦提供一种半导体组体,其是将一半导体元件(如芯片)接置于上述线路板的电隔离件顶面上,并电性耦接至路由电路。更具体地说,可通过各种连接媒介,将半导体元件电性连接至线路板,其中连接媒介可包括设置于线路板路由电路上的导电凸块(如金凸块或焊料凸块),或者接至线路板路由电路的接合线。当线路板包含有顶部增层电路时,可将半导体元件设置于顶部增层电路上,同时使半导体元件对准电隔离件并电性耦接至顶部增层电路。The present invention also provides a semiconductor assembly, wherein a semiconductor element (such as a chip) is placed on the top surface of the electrical isolator of the circuit board and electrically coupled to the routing circuit. More specifically, the semiconductor element can be electrically connected to the circuit board through various connection media, wherein the connection media can include conductive bumps (such as gold bumps or solder bumps) disposed on the routing circuit of the circuit board, or Bond wires connected to the board's routing circuitry. When the circuit board includes the top build-up circuit, the semiconductor device can be disposed on the top build-up circuit, and at the same time, the semiconductor device is aligned with the electrical isolation and electrically coupled to the top build-up circuit.
该组体可为第一级或第二级单晶或多晶装置。例如,该组体可为包含单一芯片或多枚芯片的第一级封装体。或者,该组体可为包含单一封装体或多个封装体的第二级模块,其中每一封装体可包含单一或多枚芯片。该半导体元件可为封装芯片或未封装芯片。此外,该半导体元件可为裸芯片,或是晶圆级封装晶粒等。The assembly can be a primary or secondary single crystal or polycrystalline device. For example, the assembly may be a first level package including a single chip or multiple chips. Alternatively, the assembly may be a second level module comprising a single package or multiple packages, where each package may comprise a single or multiple chips. The semiconductor element can be a packaged chip or an unpackaged chip. In addition, the semiconductor element can be a bare chip, or a wafer-level packaged die, and the like.
「覆盖」一词意指于垂直及/或侧面方向上不完全以及完全覆盖。例如,底部增层电路可于下方覆盖电隔离件、模封材及基底板,不论另一元件(如底部被覆层)是否位于底部增层电路与电隔离件之间、底部增层电路与模封材之间、以及底部增层电路与基底板之间。The term "coverage" means incomplete as well as complete coverage in vertical and/or lateral directions. For example, the bottom build-up circuitry can cover the electrical isolator, molding compound, and substrate underneath, regardless of whether another component (such as a bottom coating) is located between the bottom build-up circuitry and the electrical isolator, or between the bottom build-up circuitry and the mold. between encapsulants, and between the bottom build-up circuitry and the substrate board.
「接置于」及「接至」一语意包含与单一或多个元件间的接触与非接触。例如,半导体元件可接置于电隔离件上,不论此半导体元件是否与该电隔离件以路由电路及导电凸块相隔。The terms "connected to" and "connected to" include contact and non-contact with one or more elements. For example, a semiconductor device can be mounted on an electrical isolator, regardless of whether the semiconductor device is separated from the electrical isolator by routing circuits and conductive bumps.
「对准」一词意指元件间的相对位置,不论元件之间是否彼此保持距离或邻接,或一元件插入且延伸进入另一元件中。例如,当假想的水平线与基底板内侧壁及电隔离件外围边缘相交时,基底板内侧壁即侧向对准于电隔离件外围边缘,不论基底板内侧壁与电隔离件外围边缘之间是否具有其他与假想的水平线相交的元件,且不论是否具有另一与电隔离件外围边缘相交但不与基底板内侧壁相交、或与基底板内侧壁相交但不与电隔离件外围边缘相交的假想水平线。同样地,于一优选实施方案中,顶部增层电路及底部增层电路的部分金属化盲孔对准于电隔离件。The term "alignment" refers to the relative position of elements, whether the elements are spaced apart from each other or adjacent to each other, or one element is inserted and extends into another element. For example, when an imaginary horizontal line intersects the inner sidewall of the base plate and the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator, the inner sidewall of the base plate is laterally aligned with the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator, regardless of whether there is a gap between the inner sidewall of the base plate and the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator. Having other elements that intersect an imaginary horizontal line, with or without another imaginary element intersecting the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator but not the inner side of the base plate, or the inner side of the base plate but not the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator horizontal line. Likewise, in a preferred embodiment, partially metalized blind vias of the top and bottom build-up circuits are aligned with the electrical isolation.
「靠近」一词意指元件间的间隙的宽度不超过最大可接受范围。如本领域现有技术,当电隔离件外围边缘以及基底板内侧壁间的间隙不够窄时,则无法准确地将电隔离件限制于预定位置。可依电隔离件设置于预定位置时所希望达到的准确程度,来决定电隔离件外围边缘与基底板内侧壁间的间隙最大可接受限值。因此,「电隔离件外围边缘靠近贯穿开口内侧壁」及「基底板内侧壁靠近电隔离件外围边缘」的叙述是指电隔离件外围边缘与贯穿开口内侧壁间的间隙窄到足以防止电隔离件的位置误差超过可接受的最大误差限值。举例来说,电隔离件外围边缘与贯穿开口内侧壁间的间隙可约于25微米至100微米的范围内。The term "near" means that the width of the gap between elements does not exceed the maximum acceptable range. As in the prior art in the art, when the gap between the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator and the inner sidewall of the base plate is not narrow enough, the electrical isolator cannot be accurately restricted to a predetermined position. The maximum acceptable limit of the gap between the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator and the inner sidewall of the base plate can be determined according to the desired accuracy when the electrical isolator is disposed at the predetermined position. Therefore, the descriptions "the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator is close to the inner wall of the through-opening" and "the inner wall of the base plate is close to the outer peripheral edge of the electrical isolator" mean that the gap between the outer peripheral edge of the electrical isolator and the inner wall of the through-opening is narrow enough to prevent electrical isolation The position error of the part exceeds the maximum acceptable error limit. For example, the gap between the peripheral edge of the electrical isolator and the inner sidewall of the through opening may be in a range of approximately 25 μm to 100 μm.
「电性连接」以及「电性耦接」的词意指直接或间接电性连接。例如,该半导体元件可通过顶部增层电路,电性连接至路由电路,但半导体元件并未接触路由电路。The terms "electrically connected" and "electrically coupled" mean direct or indirect electrical connection. For example, the semiconductor device can be electrically connected to the routing circuit through the top build-up circuit, but the semiconductor device does not contact the routing circuit.
本发明的线路板具有许多优点。举例来说,该电隔离件可提供补偿CTE的平台,用以接置半导体元件,并同时提供一散热途径,以将半导体元件所产生的热散逸出。该模封材可提供机械支撑,并可作为路由电路与基底板之间以及电隔离件与选择性垂直连接件之间的分隔件。路由电路可提供线路板的水平电性路由,而选择性的垂直连接件可提供垂直电性路由,以电性连接模封材上的路由电路及基底板中的另一水平电性路由。通过此方法制备成的线路板为可靠度高、价格低廉、且非常适合大量制造生产。The circuit board of the present invention has many advantages. For example, the electrical isolator can provide a CTE-compensated platform for mounting semiconductor devices, and at the same time provide a heat dissipation path for dissipating heat generated by the semiconductor devices. The molding compound provides mechanical support and acts as a separator between the routing circuitry and the substrate, and between the electrical isolation and optional vertical connections. The routing circuit can provide a horizontal electrical routing of the circuit board, and the optional vertical connector can provide a vertical electrical routing to electrically connect the routing circuit on the molding compound with another horizontal electrical routing in the base board. The circuit board prepared by this method has high reliability, low price, and is very suitable for mass production.
本发明的制作方法具有高度适用性,且以独特、进步的方式结合运用各种成熟的电性及机械性连接技术。此外,本发明的制作方法不需昂贵工具即可实施。因此,相较于传统技术,此制作方法可大幅提升产量、合格率、效能与成本效益。The manufacturing method of the present invention has high applicability, and combines various mature electrical and mechanical connection technologies in a unique and progressive manner. In addition, the fabrication method of the present invention can be implemented without expensive tools. Therefore, compared with the traditional technology, this manufacturing method can greatly improve the yield, yield, efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
在此所述的实施例为例示之用,其中这些实施例可能会简化或省略本技术领域已熟知的元件或步骤,以免模糊本发明的特点。同样地,为使附图清晰,附图亦可能省略重复或非必要的元件及元件符号。The embodiments described herein are for illustration purposes, and these embodiments may simplify or omit elements or steps known in the art so as not to obscure the characteristics of the present invention. Similarly, for clarity of the drawings, the drawings may also omit repeated or unnecessary components and component symbols.
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CN113675173A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2021-11-19 | 南亚科技股份有限公司 | Semiconductor package |
CN114171663A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-11 | 丰鹏电子(珠海)有限公司 | Heat dissipation substrate and preparation method thereof |
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US11166363B2 (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2021-11-02 | Tactotek Oy | Electrical node, method for manufacturing electrical node and multilayer structure comprising electrical node |
TWI795696B (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2023-03-11 | 吳聲欣 | Semiconductor device package structure and manufacturing method thereof |
TWI792356B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2023-02-11 | 大陸商慶鼎精密電子(淮安)有限公司 | Circuit board assembly and method for manufacturing the same |
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CN114171663A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-11 | 丰鹏电子(珠海)有限公司 | Heat dissipation substrate and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
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TW201901871A (en) | 2019-01-01 |
TWI657546B (en) | 2019-04-21 |
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