CN108931846B - Method and device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramic - Google Patents
Method and device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramic Download PDFInfo
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012576 optical tweezer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramics, wherein the implanting device comprises an optical radiation press, an operation box and an electron microscope eyepiece, an optical pressure cavity is arranged inside the optical radiation press, an optical pressure generator I is arranged inside the optical pressure cavity, an optical pressure generator II is arranged on one side of the optical pressure generator I, an operation control table is welded at the top of the optical radiation press, the operation box is arranged at the bottom of the optical radiation press, the implanting method comprises dyeing of ceramic materials, selection of experimental particles, preparation of the ceramic materials, implantation of the experimental particles and record observation of experiments, and the method and the device for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramics are novel in design, reasonable in structure and capable of completing the work of implanting the particles into the high-precision ceramic materials with high precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses a method and a device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramics, and belongs to the technical field of optical tweezers research.
Background
The optical tweezers are an optical technology which utilizes optical radiation pressure and single-beam gradient force to generate force when an optical trap acts on particles or cell surfaces, generally, people use the optical tweezers to perform tweezers taking and segmentation on the cells, the particles and biological macromolecules, but at present, researches show that the particles have certain physical property change effect on high-precision ceramic materials, and because the high-precision ceramic materials have higher strength and wear resistance, experimental particles can be implanted into the high-precision ceramic materials in a non-destructive manner only through the action of the optical tweezers.
Therefore, the invention provides a method and a device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramics.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramic, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method of implanting optical tweezers particles into high precision ceramics, comprising the following:
dyeing of the ceramic material: experimenters firstly put high-precision ceramic particles for testing into a dyeing bath, and due to the special oxidation resistance and strong corrosion resistance of high-precision ceramics, a dyeing agent with higher concentration needs to be added into the dyeing bath, and the dyed high-precision ceramic particles are obtained after the ceramic materials are soaked for 5 min;
selection of experimental particles: the experimenter places the particle swarm under an electron microscope, and an operator selects single experimental particles with lower surface roughness and more regular shapes through observation, so that the success of the implantation of experiments is facilitated;
preparing a ceramic material: because high-precision ceramics have higher strength and wear resistance, experimenters need to adopt high-strength crushing equipment to grind dyed ceramic particles, and then place the dyed ceramic powder under an electron microscope, after observation, operators should select high-precision ceramic materials with fewer pores, smoother surfaces and undamaged physical properties;
implantation of experimental particles: the experimenter places the selected experimental particles into an experimental operation groove in an operation box, the operator controls the output power of the first light pressure generator and the second light pressure generator through the observation of an electron microscope eyepiece, so that the first light pressure generator and the second light pressure generator emit laser with energy and momentum, meanwhile, an operator needs to control the electric hydraulic rods in the first light-gathering refraction cylinder and the second light-gathering refraction cylinder through corresponding control buttons on the control platform, thereby controlling the angle of laser refraction, the refracted laser acts on the surface of the particles in the experimental operation groove, the gradient force optical trap can limit the spatial position of the particles, so that the particles can move in an isolated manner, and an experimenter can implant the particles in the selected high-precision ceramic material in an isolated manner by controlling the light radiation press, the first light-gathering refraction cylinder and the second light-gathering refraction cylinder;
recording and observation of the experiment: in the whole process of implanting experimental particles into the high-precision ceramic material, experimenters can observe the change process of the experimental particles and the change of the properties of the high-precision ceramic material through an eyepiece of an electron microscope, then record data, the ceramic material implanted with the experimental particles can generate the change of the moving chemical properties, the change is detected by adopting different oxidants or reducing agents, and the data are finally recorded.
The device for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramics comprises an optical radiation press, an operation box and an electronic microscope eyepiece, wherein an optical pressure cavity is arranged inside the optical radiation press, a first optical pressure generator is arranged inside the optical pressure cavity, a second optical pressure generator is arranged on one side of the first optical pressure generator, a console is welded at the top of the optical radiation press, the operation box is arranged at the bottom of the optical radiation press, a connecting rod is welded on the operation box, the operation box is connected with the optical radiation press through the connecting rod, a sealing end cover is installed at the top of the operation box, a condensing lens is arranged on the sealing end cover, an operation cavity is arranged inside the operation box, a rotating chassis is arranged inside the operation cavity, an experiment operation groove is arranged on the rotating chassis, a first condensing and refracting cylinder is arranged on one side of the operation box, gather the inside of photorefraction section of thick bamboo one and be provided with electronic hydraulic stem, the one side of gathering photorefraction section of thick bamboo one is provided with purification board one, the opposite side welding of control box has a photorefraction section of thick bamboo two of gathering, the inside of gathering photorefraction section of thick bamboo two also is provided with electronic hydraulic stem, be provided with the output lever on the electronic hydraulic stem, be provided with the refraction lens on the output lever.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operation box is provided with an electron microscope box, an electron microscope tube is arranged inside the electron microscope box, and the electron microscope eyepiece is welded to one side of the electron microscope box.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the console is provided with control buttons, and the control buttons are respectively connected to the electro-hydraulic lever, the first optical pressure generator and the second optical pressure generator through wires.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operation box is provided with an electric sealing door.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the electro-hydraulic rods is 6, and the number of the connecting rods is 2.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the first light-gathering and refracting cylinder and the bottom of the second light-gathering and refracting cylinder are both provided with a support seat, and the support seat is provided with a bolt hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light pressure cavity inside the light radiation press is a sealed vacuum cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric motor is disposed inside the rotating chassis, and the electric motor is a three-phase asynchronous motor.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electron microscope eyepiece is provided with an anti-glare shade, one side of the second light-collecting and refracting tube is provided with a second purifying plate, and the second purifying plate is provided with a data line tube.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method and the device for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramic, the light-gathering refraction barrel I and the light-gathering refraction barrel II are arranged on two sides of the operation box, and an experimenter can control the output power of the light radiation press machine through a control button on the control platform so as to control the intensity of generated light pressure and control the refraction and calibration of laser, so that the air-separating tweezers of the particles are fixed;
2. according to the method and the device for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramic, the anti-dazzling lens is arranged on the eyepiece of the electron microscope, so that when an experimenter opens the electron microscope, strong light is prevented from penetrating through the objective lens and being emitted onto the eyepiece of the electron microscope to injure the eyes of an operator;
3. the method and the device for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramic adopt a chemical dyeing technology, the high-precision ceramic material which is difficult to observe can be firstly dyed and then crushed, the generated colored powder ceramic material is convenient for experimental observation, and the success rate of particle implantation is improved.
4. The method and the device for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramic are novel in design and reasonable in structure, and can complete the work of implanting the particles into the high-precision ceramic material with high precision.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for implanting optical tweezers particles into high precision ceramics according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an apparatus for implanting optical tweezers particles into high precision ceramics according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a method of implanting optical tweezers particles into high precision ceramics according to the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a 1-light radiation press, a 2-sealing end cover, a 3-light gathering and refracting cylinder II, a 4-purifying plate II, a 5-data line pipe, a 6-control table, a 7-condenser lens, an 8-connecting rod, a 9-operation box, a 10-light gathering and refracting cylinder I, a 11-purifying plate I, a 12-supporting seat, a 13-electron microscope objective box, a 14-electron microscope eyepiece, a 15-refraction lens, a 16-light pressure generator I, a 17-rotating chassis, an 18-experiment operation tank, a 19-light pressure generator II and a 20-electric hydraulic rod.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method of implanting optical tweezers particles into high precision ceramics, comprising the following:
dyeing of the ceramic material: experimenters firstly put high-precision ceramic particles for testing into a dyeing bath, and due to the special oxidation resistance and strong corrosion resistance of high-precision ceramics, a dyeing agent with higher concentration needs to be added into the dyeing bath, and the dyed high-precision ceramic particles are obtained after the ceramic materials are soaked for 5 min;
selection of experimental particles: the experimenter places the particle swarm under an electron microscope, and an operator selects single experimental particles with lower surface roughness and more regular shapes through observation, so that the success of the implantation of experiments is facilitated;
preparing a ceramic material: because high-precision ceramics have higher strength and wear resistance, experimenters need to adopt high-strength crushing equipment to grind dyed ceramic particles, and then place the dyed ceramic powder under an electron microscope, after observation, operators should select high-precision ceramic materials with fewer pores, smoother surfaces and undamaged physical properties;
implantation of experimental particles: the experimenter places the selected experimental particles into an experimental operation groove 18 in the operation box 9, the operator controls the output power of the first light pressure generator 16 and the second light pressure generator 19 through the observation of the electron microscope eyepiece 14, so that the two generators emit laser with energy and momentum, meanwhile, the operator needs to control each electric hydraulic rod 20 inside the first condensing and refracting cylinder 10 and the second condensing and refracting cylinder 3 through corresponding control buttons on the console 6, thereby controlling the refraction angle of the laser, the refracted laser acts on the surface of the particles in the experimental operation groove 18, the gradient force optical trap can limit the space position of the particles, so that the particles can move in an isolated manner, and an experimenter can implant the particles into the selected high-precision ceramic material in an isolated manner by controlling the light radiation press machine 1, the first light-gathering refraction cylinder 10 and the second light-gathering refraction cylinder 3;
recording and observation of the experiment: during the whole process of implanting the experimental particles into the high-precision ceramic material, the experimenter can observe the change process of the experimental particles and the change of the properties of the high-precision ceramic material through the eyepiece 14 of the electron microscope, and then record the data, while the ceramic material after implanting the experimental particles can generate the change of the moving chemical properties, and the change of the chemical properties is detected by adopting different oxidants or reducing agents, and the data is finally recorded.
The utility model provides a device that high-accuracy pottery is implanted to optical tweezers particle, includes optical radiation press 1, control box 9 and electron microscope eyepiece 14, the inside of optical radiation press 1 is provided with the light pressure cavity, the inside of light pressure cavity is provided with light pressure generator 16, one side of light pressure generator 16 is provided with light pressure generator two 19, the welding of the top of optical radiation press 1 has control platform 6, control box 9 sets up in the bottom of optical radiation press 1, the welding has connecting rod 8 on the control box 9, the control box 9 is connected with optical radiation press 1 through connecting rod 8, sealing end cap 2 is installed at the top of control box 9, be provided with condensing lens 7 on sealing end cap 2, the inside of control box 9 is provided with the operation cavity, the inside of operation cavity is provided with rotates chassis 17, be provided with experiment operation groove 18 on the rotation chassis 17, one side of control box 9 is provided with a spotlight refraction section of thick bamboo 10, the inside of a spotlight refraction section of thick bamboo 10 is provided with electronic hydraulic stem 20, one side of a spotlight refraction section of thick bamboo 10 is provided with purification board 11, the opposite side welding of control box 9 has a spotlight refraction section of thick bamboo two 3, the inside of a spotlight refraction section of thick bamboo two 3 also is provided with electronic hydraulic stem 20, be provided with the output lever on the electronic hydraulic stem 20, be provided with refraction lens 15 on the output lever.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operation box 9 is provided with an electron microscope box 13, an objective tube is provided inside the electron microscope box 13, and the electron microscope eyepiece 14 is welded to one side of the electron microscope box 13.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the console 6 is provided with control buttons, and the control buttons are respectively connected to the electro-hydraulic rod 20, the first light pressure generator 16 and the second light pressure generator 19 through electric wires.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the operation box 9 is provided with an electric sealing door.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the electro-hydraulic rods 20 is 6, and the number of the connecting rods 8 is 2.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the first light-gathering and refracting cylinder 10 and the bottom of the second light-gathering and refracting cylinder 3 are both provided with a support base 12, and the support base 12 is provided with a bolt hole.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the light pressure cavity inside the light radiation press 1 is a sealed vacuum cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an electric motor is disposed inside the rotating chassis 17, and the electric motor is a three-phase asynchronous motor.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electron microscope eyepiece 14 is provided with an anti-glare light shading sheet, one side of the second light-collecting and refracting tube 3 is provided with a second purifying plate 4, and the second purifying plate 4 is provided with a data line tube 5.
The working principle is as follows: the device for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramic comprises an operation box 9, an optical radiation press 1, a first condensing refraction cylinder 10 and a second condensing refraction cylinder 3, wherein a first optical pressure generator 16 and a second optical pressure generator 19 in the optical radiation press 1 are used for emitting laser with energy and momentum, an experimenter controls the output power of the first optical pressure generator 16 and the second optical pressure generator 19 through corresponding control buttons on an operation table 6, two beams of laser vertically downwards penetrate through a condensing lens 7 to be emitted into the operation box 9, the two experimenters control a plurality of electric hydraulic rods 20 to work through corresponding control buttons on the operation table 6, the output rods on the electric hydraulic rods 20 are provided with the refracting lenses 15, when the electric hydraulic rods 20 extend out, the refracting lenses 15 can refract the laser, the laser penetrates through different numbers of the refracting lenses 15 and can refract different angles, the method and the device for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramic are novel in design, reasonable in structure and capable of completing the work of implanting the particles into the high-precision ceramic material with high precision.
While there have been shown and described what are at present considered the fundamental principles and essential features of the invention and its advantages, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing exemplary embodiments, but is capable of other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (9)
1. The method for implanting the optical tweezers particles into the high-precision ceramic is characterized in that a device for realizing the method comprises an optical radiation press (1), an operation box (9) and an electron microscope eyepiece (14), wherein an optical pressure cavity is arranged inside the optical radiation press (1), an optical pressure generator I (16) is arranged inside the optical pressure cavity, an optical pressure generator II (19) is arranged on one side of the optical pressure generator I (16), an operation console (6) is welded at the top of the optical radiation press (1), the operation box (9) is arranged at the bottom of the optical radiation press (1), a connecting rod (8) is welded on the operation box (9), the operation box (9) is connected with the optical radiation press (1) through the connecting rod (8), a sealing end cover (2) is installed at the top of the operation box (9), and a condensing lens (7) is arranged on the sealing end cover (2), an operation cavity is arranged in the operation box (9), a rotation chassis (17) is arranged in the operation cavity, an experiment operation groove (18) is arranged on the rotation chassis (17), a first light gathering and refracting cylinder (10) is arranged on one side of the operation box (9), an electric hydraulic rod (20) is arranged in the first light gathering and refracting cylinder (10), a first purifying plate (11) is arranged on one side of the first light gathering and refracting cylinder (10), a second light gathering and refracting cylinder (3) is welded on the other side of the operation box (9), an electric hydraulic rod (20) is also arranged in the second light gathering and refracting cylinder (3), an output rod is arranged on the electric hydraulic rod (20), and a refraction lens (15) is arranged on the output rod; the method comprises the following steps:
dyeing of the ceramic material: the experimental personnel firstly put the high-precision ceramic particles for the experiment into a dyeing bath, and due to the special oxidation resistance and strong corrosion resistance of the high-precision ceramic, a dyeing agent needs to be added into the dyeing bath, and the dyed high-precision ceramic particles are obtained after the ceramic material is soaked for 5 min;
selection of ceramic particles: an experimenter places the particle swarm under an electron microscope, and an operator selects single ceramic particles with regular shapes on the surface by observing, so that the success of the implantation of an experiment is facilitated;
preparing a ceramic material: because high-precision ceramics have higher strength and wear resistance, experimenters need to adopt a crushing device to grind dyed ceramic particles, and then place the dyed ceramic powder under an electron microscope, and after observation, operators should select high-precision ceramic materials with few pores, smooth surfaces and undamaged physical properties;
implantation of ceramic particles: the method comprises the steps that selected ceramic particles are placed in an experiment operation groove (18) in an operation box (9) by an experimenter, an operator controls the output power of a first light pressure generator (16) and a second light pressure generator (19) through observation of an electron microscope eyepiece (14), so that the first light pressure generator and the second light pressure generator emit laser with energy and momentum, meanwhile, the operator needs to control electric hydraulic rods (20) in a first light gathering refraction barrel (10) and a second light gathering refraction barrel (3) through corresponding control buttons on an operation table (6) so as to control the refraction angle of the laser, the refracted laser acts on the surfaces of particles in the experiment operation groove (18) to generate a gradient force optical trap, the spatial position of the particles can be limited by the gradient force optical trap, the particles can be moved in a spaced mode, and then the experimenter can control a light radiation press (1), The first light-gathering refraction cylinder (10) and the second light-gathering refraction cylinder (3) are used for implanting particles into the selected high-precision ceramic material in an isolated mode;
recording and observation of the experiment: in the whole process of implanting the ceramic particles into the high-precision ceramic material, experimenters can observe the change process of the ceramic particles and the change of the properties of the high-precision ceramic material through an electron microscope eyepiece (14), and then record data, while the ceramic material after the ceramic particles are implanted can generate the change of the moving chemical properties, and the change of the moving chemical properties is detected by adopting different oxidants or reducing agents, and the data is finally recorded.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical tweezers particles are implanted in a high precision ceramic, and wherein: the electronic microscope is characterized in that an electronic microscope box (13) is arranged on the operation box (9), an objective tube is arranged inside the electronic microscope box (13), and an electronic microscope objective (14) is welded on one side of the electronic microscope box (13).
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical tweezers particles are implanted in a high precision ceramic, and wherein: the control console (6) is provided with a control button, and the control button is respectively connected with the electric hydraulic rod (20), the first light pressure generator (16) and the second light pressure generator (19) through electric wires.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical tweezers particles are implanted in a high precision ceramic, and wherein: an electric sealing door is arranged on the operation box (9).
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical tweezers particles are implanted in a high precision ceramic, and wherein: the number of the electric hydraulic rods (20) is 6, and the number of the connecting rods (8) is 2.
6. The method according to claim 2, wherein the optical tweezers particles are implanted into the high precision ceramic, and the method comprises the following steps: the bottom of the first light-gathering refraction cylinder (10) and the bottom of the second light-gathering refraction cylinder (3) are both provided with a supporting seat (12), and bolt holes are formed in the supporting seat (12).
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical tweezers particles are implanted in a high precision ceramic, and wherein: and a light pressure cavity in the light radiation press machine (1) is a sealed vacuum cavity.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical tweezers particles are implanted in a high precision ceramic, and wherein: the motor is arranged in the rotating chassis (17) and is a three-phase asynchronous motor.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the optical tweezers particles are implanted in a high precision ceramic, and wherein: be provided with anti-dazzle shade on electron microscope eyepiece (14), one side of spotlight refraction section of thick bamboo two (3) is provided with purifying plate two (4), be provided with data spool (5) on purifying plate two (4).
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011153243.0A CN112230417A (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | High-precision device for implanting ceramic particles |
| CN202011112154.1A CN112198650A (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | Method for implanting particles into high-precision ceramic |
| CN201810741210.4A CN108931846B (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | Method and device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramic |
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| CN201810741210.4A CN108931846B (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | Method and device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramic |
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| CN202011112154.1A Division CN112198650A (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | Method for implanting particles into high-precision ceramic |
| CN202011153243.0A Division CN112230417A (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | High-precision device for implanting ceramic particles |
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| CN108931846A CN108931846A (en) | 2018-12-04 |
| CN108931846B true CN108931846B (en) | 2020-12-04 |
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| CN202011112154.1A Withdrawn CN112198650A (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | Method for implanting particles into high-precision ceramic |
| CN201810741210.4A Active CN108931846B (en) | 2018-07-08 | 2018-07-08 | Method and device for implanting optical tweezers particles into high-precision ceramic |
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| US7149396B2 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2006-12-12 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Apparatus for optical measurements on low-index non-solid materials based on arrow waveguides |
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- 2018-07-08 CN CN202011153243.0A patent/CN112230417A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2018-07-08 CN CN202011112154.1A patent/CN112198650A/en not_active Withdrawn
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN108931846A (en) | 2018-12-04 |
| CN112198650A (en) | 2021-01-08 |
| CN112230417A (en) | 2021-01-15 |
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