CN108907570A - A kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling and welding procedure - Google Patents
A kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling and welding procedure Download PDFInfo
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- CN108907570A CN108907570A CN201810930224.0A CN201810930224A CN108907570A CN 108907570 A CN108907570 A CN 108907570A CN 201810930224 A CN201810930224 A CN 201810930224A CN 108907570 A CN108907570 A CN 108907570A
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- upper cantilever
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted for a procedure covered by only one of the other main groups of this subclass for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
- B23K37/0443—Jigs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/003—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to controlling of welding distortion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling and welding procedure, including bracket, bracket includes lower branch arm, the opposite inner sidewall of lower branch arm is provided with symmetrically arranged support plate, support plate extends towards opposite lower branch arm, support plate is used to support liner, liner is used to support workpiece, the centre of liner is provided with U-shaped grooving corresponding with the weld seam of workpiece, liner is located above the support plate between two lower branch arms, upper cantilever is provided with above lower branch arm, the fixing piece for fixing workpiece is provided on upper cantilever, workpiece is located between upper cantilever and liner.The invention can be realized the aesthetics of different shape stainless steel postwelding weld seam, after welding stainless steel part, be unlikely to the defects of molten bath leakage, lack of penetration occur.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to stainless steel welded technical field, more particularly, to a kind of single-side welding double-side forming Welder
Dress and welding procedure.
Background technique
As the demand of city railway vehicle and external stainless steel passenger car gradually increases, to track stainless steel vihicle
Quality of production requirement is also higher and higher, and to reduce thermal weld stress amount in stainless steel rail car production process, optimization welding is grasped
Make mode and operating environment, reduce welding cost, improves welding quality, part weld seam uses single side in the major position of carbody
Weldering double-faced forming mode substitutes two-sided welding, to guarantee welding point root through welding and back of weld molding, needs along the connector back side
Preset backing apparatus.Liner and weldment are clamped using artificial placement backing apparatus when Workshop Production or using F folder at present, was welded
It is easy to appear liner in journey and is bonded not tight, liner molding groove center line the problems such as not being overlapped with groove gap with workpiece, this is easy
Cause molten bath leakage, it is lack of penetration the defects of, seriously affect welding quality and back side welding fabrication effect, need to do over again when problem is serious
Repairing polishing, wasting manpower and material resources are re-started to weld seam, and utilizes the fixture operations such as F folder complicated and restricts welder and weld sky
Between and gimmick, simultaneously because that is, thermal expansion coefficient of stainless steel is larger the reason of stainless steel own physical factor, the workpiece heat of postwelding
Deform larger, adjusting is extremely difficult.
It is directed to the welding of stainless steel single-side welding double-side forming, more demanding to the Forming Quality of weld seam, the back side must not
There is the problems such as welding defect and larger post welding distortion, the prior art is watered rapidly frequently with artificial or fixture fixed-bearing and postwelding
Equal measures.Easily occur liner in welding process and be bonded not tight, liner forming tank off-centring etc. with workpiece, so as to cause welding
Easily occurs the defects of molten bath leakage, lack of penetration in journey.It is complicated for operation furthermore with fixture fixed-bearing, and fixture handle etc. is easily dry
Welder's operation is related to, causes welding process to be interrupted, influences weld appearance and quality；Postwelding is simultaneously in order to enable stainless steel to obtain quickly
The effect of cooling usually carries out a large amount of spray coolings to the back side, since welding process can cause one to the alloying element of stainless steel
Fixed scaling loss seriously affects the anti-corruption of stainless steel so the mode of spray cooling may cause the phenomenon of getting rusty of commissure part
Corrosion energy influences its performance used.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention is directed to a kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling and welding procedure, with
Solve the problems, such as that the defects of molten bath leakage, lack of penetration, bead formed on back is poor and post welding distortion is larger occurs in weld seam.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of the invention is realized in：
A kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling, including bracket, bracket include lower branch arm, the opposite inside of lower branch arm
Wall is provided with symmetrically arranged support plate, and support plate extends towards opposite lower branch arm, and support plate is used to support liner, and liner is used
In support workpiece, the centre of liner is provided with U-shaped grooving corresponding with the weld seam of workpiece, and liner is located between two lower branch arms
Support plate above, be provided with upper cantilever above lower branch arm, on upper cantilever on be provided with fixing piece for fixing workpiece, work
Part is located between upper cantilever and liner.
Further, cooling pipe is provided on liner, cooling pipe is distributed near U-shaped grooving, cooling pipe
One end is connected with water inlet pipe sleeve, and other side is connected with water outlet pipe sleeve, and water inlet pipe sleeve and water outlet pipe sleeve pass through pipe
Road is connected to cooling water tank.
Further, fixing piece is fixing bolt, and the threaded hole for installing fixing bolt is provided on upper cantilever.
Further, there are two the threaded hole on upper cantilever is opened, two threaded holes are symmetrical arranged on upper cantilever, fixed spiral shell
The body of bolt passes through upper cantilever from the top of upper cantilever.
Further, after liner installation on the supporting plate, plane is higher than the upper plane of lower branch arm on liner.
Further, liner is matched with workpiece, and according to the difference of welded workpiece, the specification of liner is provided with several
Kind.
Further, liner includes dual waves corrugated plating welding backing, plate welding liner, L-type steel plate butt welding lining
Pad and the L-type plate welding backing with angle.
A kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding procedure, including above-mentioned single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling, specifically
The step of be：
S1：The shape and structure and size of welding position are needed according to welded piece, select suitable liner；
S2：Will liner be fixed to support plate on, workpiece is assembled between liner and fixing piece, it is ensured that liner it is U-shaped at
Shape groove center is aligned with the Weld pipe mill of workpiece, and guarantees that liner and workpiece are closely connected；
S3：It is passed through cooling water, is cooled down；
S4：Open welding equipment, welding workpiece.
It further, further include step：
S5：After welding, then it is continually fed into recirculated cooling water 1min；
S6：It unloads welding tooling and reconditioning processing is carried out to weld seam after molding, it is ensured that the beauty of bead contour.
Further, step S3 the specific steps are：Water inlet pipe sleeve and water outlet pipe sleeve are accessed on liner, use hose
It is attached it with cooling water tank, opens cooling water tank, be passed through cooling water, so that the water in liner is formed the circulatory system, carry out
It is cooling.
Compared with the existing technology, a kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling and welding procedure described in the invention
It has the advantage that：
(1) the invention can guarantee that the moment is padded in welding process to be fitted closely with weldment, and gap is less than 0.5mm；
(2) welding backing of the invention is replaceable, and to adapt to different shape, different length weldment back thoroughly want by welding
It asks；
It (3) can strict guarantee liner molding groove center line and weld seam relative position in the invention welding, it is ensured that welding
Quality；
(4) device meets welding performance requirement in the invention welding, and the removability of slag can good, welding splashing, weldering
It is good to be seamed into type；
(5) operation is simple and reliable for the invention, does not influence welder and welds；
(6) liner of the invention carries water composite cooling pipe road, in welding process, while can be passed through cooling water carry out it is cold
But, reduce the welding deformation of postwelding.
(7) tooling of the invention can be flexibly easily fixed on the workpiece welded, realize workpiece all positon single side
Weld the welding process requirement of double-faced forming；
(8) the invention postwelding cools down weld seam corresponding circle of sensation in time, avoid welding point position high-temperature residence time compared with
Long, higher tensile stress and elongation strain are born in high temperature by the area weld metal Ji Jinfeng, avoid generating fire check；
(9) the timely cooling of the invention postwelding, avoids austenite from going temperature to stop for a long time in overheat, makes Ovshinsky
Chromium carbide is precipitated in grain boundaries in body, causes grain boundaries chromium depleted, forms " knife-line corrosion " phenomenon.
Detailed description of the invention
The attached drawing for constituting a part of the invention is used to provide to further understand the invention, present invention wound
The illustrative embodiments and their description made are used to explain the present invention creation, do not constitute the improper restriction to the invention.?
In attached drawing：
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the invention embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of bracket described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of fixing bolt described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of dual waves corrugated plating welding backing described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the liner of plate welding described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the liner of L-type steel plate butt welding described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 7 is the structural schematic diagram of the L-type plate welding backing with angle described in the invention embodiment；
Fig. 8 is the working state figure that the invention embodiment welds dual waves corrugated plating；
Fig. 9 is the working state figure of the invention embodiment welding plate；
Figure 10 is the butt-welded working state figure of the invention embodiment angle bar；
Figure 11 is the work flow diagram of the invention embodiment.
Description of symbols：
1, bracket；11, lower branch arm；12, support plate；13, upper cantilever；2, fixing bolt；3, it pads；301, U-shaped grooving；
302, water inlet pipe sleeve；303, water outlet pipe sleeve；31, dual waves corrugated plating welding backing；32, plate welding pads；33, L-type
Steel plate butt welding liner；34, the L-type plate welding backing with angle；4, workpiece.
Specific embodiment
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiment and embodiment in the invention can
To be combined with each other.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " center ", " longitudinal direction ", " transverse direction ", "upper", "lower",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outside" is
It is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, is merely for convenience of description the invention and simplifies description, rather than indicate
Or imply that signified device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore cannot understand
For the limitation to the invention.In addition, term " first ", " second " etc. are used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as indicating
Or it implies relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic." first ", " second " etc. are defined as a result,
Feature can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.In the description of the invention, unless separately
It is described, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more.
In the description of the invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " peace
Dress ", " connected ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integrally
Connection；It can be mechanical connection, be also possible to be electrically connected；Can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary,
It can be the connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, on being understood by concrete condition
State concrete meaning of the term in the invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments creates.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, 3, a kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling, including bracket 1, bracket 1 include symmetrically setting
Relatively-stationary two lower branch arms 11 set, the opposite inner sidewall of lower branch arm 11 are provided with symmetrically arranged support plate 12, support
Plate 12 is horizontally disposed, and support plate 12 extends towards opposite lower branch arm 11, and there are gaps between two support plates 12.Support plate 12
It is used to support liner 3, the threaded hole for being easily installed liner 3 is provided in support plate 12.Liner 3 is located between two lower branch arms 11
The top of support plate 12.
The top of lower branch arm 11 is provided with upper cantilever 13, and upper cantilever 13 is arranged in parallel with lower branch arm 11, opens on upper cantilever 13
There is the threaded hole for installing fixing bolt 2, there are two the threaded hole on upper cantilever 13 is opened, two threaded holes are on upper cantilever 13
It is symmetrical arranged.The body of fixing bolt 2 passes through upper cantilever 13 from the top of upper cantilever 13.
After liner 3 is mounted in support plate 12, plane is higher than the upper plane of lower branch arm 11 on liner 3.It opens the centre of liner 3
There is U-shaped grooving 301 corresponding with the weld seam of workpiece 4, it is corresponding with the threaded hole in support plate 12 heavy to be provided on liner 3
Head thread hole.Workpiece 4 to be welded is located between upper cantilever 13 and liner 3.Fixing bolt 2 is for fixing workpiece 4.Fixing bolt
2 end can be supported on workpiece 4.Fixing bolt 2 is hex bolts, thin plate is welded at nut, fixing bolt 2 is for fixing
The relative position of liner 3 and workpiece 4 guarantees that workpiece 4 and liner 3 are closely connected.
It is provided with cooling pipe on liner 3, cooling pipe is distributed near U-shaped grooving 301, and one end of cooling pipe connects
It is connected to water inlet pipe sleeve 302, other side is connected with water outlet pipe sleeve 303, water inlet pipe sleeve 302 and water outlet pipe sleeve 303
It is connected to by pipeline with cooling water tank, thus forms cooling circuit.
As shown in Fig. 4 to 7, liner 3 is matched with workpiece 4, according to the difference of welded workpiece 4, pad 3 specification have it is more
Kind, it can be selected to pad 3 accordingly according to workpiece 4.Liner 3 includes dual waves corrugated plating welding backing 31, plate welding liner
32, L-type steel plate butt welding liner 33, L-type plate welding backing 34 with angle etc..When the workpiece 4 that needs weld is that plate is double
When wave crest corrugated plating, dual waves corrugated plating welding backing 31 is chosen；Welding with wave crest plate stainless steel work-piece 4 when
Candidate makes even plate welding backing 32；And L-type steel plate butt welding liner is chosen when welding L-type workpiece 4 or angle iron structure
33, and when angled to angle iron-type structure welding, choose the L-type plate welding backing 34 with angle.
The welding procedure of the invention is：
As shown in Fig. 8 to 11, the shape and structure and size of welding position, selection liner 3 are needed according to welded piece 4
Shape and structure, can choose two or more toolings as welding line structure is complex and carry out auxiliary welding.Pacified using liner 3
3 will be padded fixed in support plate 12 by filling bolt, workpiece 4 is assembled between liner 3 and fixing bolt 2, it is ensured that pad 3 U
Type molding groove center is aligned with the Weld pipe mill of workpiece 4, and guarantees that liner 3 and workpiece 4 are closely connected.The bolt 2 that is tightened completes lining
The fixation of pad 3 and 4 relative position of workpiece.Water inlet pipe sleeve 302 and water outlet pipe sleeve 303 are accessed on liner 3, are made in liner 3
Water formed the circulatory system, cooled down.Cooling water tank is opened, cooling water is passed through, cooling water is entered by water inlet pipe sleeve 302
Cooling pipe in liner 3 is discharged by water outlet pipe sleeve 303, forms a set of circulating cooling process.It is set finally, opening welding
It is standby, start welding workpiece 4.After welding operator's completion weld job, then it is continually fed into recirculated cooling water about 1min, will served as a contrast
Pad 3 removes, and carries out reconditioning processing to the weld seam of workpiece 4 after molding, it is ensured that the beauty of bead contour completes the weldering of workpiece 4
Connect bead formed on back operation.
The liner 3 of the invention is bonded tightly with workpiece 4, and U-shaped grooving 301 and weld and HAZ be accurate, without offset, weldering
It is good to stitch final molding effect, and versatility is good, disparity items, different parts, different shape are applicable to by replacement liner 3
The workpiece 4 for needing to carry on the back welds.Liners 3 different simultaneously forms circulating cooling system by intake-outlet all added with cooling pipe
System, can immediately cool down weld seam and heat affected area after welding, avoid the postwelding long-time condition of high temperature, workpiece 4 deformed
Greatly.Postwelding cools down weld seam corresponding circle of sensation in time simultaneously, avoids welding point position high-temperature residence time longer, weld metal and close
It stitches area and bears higher tensile stress and elongation strain in high temperature, avoid generating fire check；Austenite is avoided to go temperature in overheat
It is prolonged to stop, make austenite that chromium carbide be precipitated in grain boundaries, cause grain boundaries chromium depleted, forms " knife-line corrosion " phenomenon.In addition originally
It invents easy to use, can flexibly easily be fixed on the workpiece welded, realize the weldering of workpiece all positon single face welding and double face shaping
Technique requirement is connect, liner 3 is adjacent to by hand without worker when welding, saves a manpower, improve labor efficiency.
It is directed to the welding manner of existing general stainless steel single-side welding double-side forming, the invention is according to stainless rail
Occurred defect is welded in road vehicle production real process and is designed manufacture, realizes different shape stainless steel postwelding weld seam
Aesthetics is unlikely to the defects of molten bath leakage, lack of penetration occur, causes appearance of weld of poor quality after welding stainless steel part；With
And due to after stainless steel arc-welding deflection it is larger, the included water cooling system of device can be such that its postwelding weld seam is quickly cooled down to reduce
Deflection.The tooling requirement that the welding of different shape workpiece 4 may be implemented simultaneously, realizes that universal integratedization is easy to use, with substitution
Different backing plate backings make more convenient and realize that space utilization maximizes, production can be improved while improving welding quality
Efficiency and quality, and greatly save production cost.
The foregoing is merely the preferred embodiments of the invention, are not intended to limit the invention creation, all at this
Within the spirit and principle of innovation and creation, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the invention
Protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling, it is characterised in that：Including bracket (1), bracket (1) includes lower branch arm
(11), the opposite inner sidewall of lower branch arm (11) is provided with symmetrically arranged support plate (12), and support plate (12) is towards under opposite
Support arm (11) extends, and support plate (12) is used to support liner (3), and liner (3) is used to support workpiece (4), and the centre of liner (3) is opened
There is U-shaped grooving (301) corresponding with the weld seam of workpiece (4), liner (3) is located at the support plate between two lower branch arms (11)
(12) it above, is provided with upper cantilever (13), is provided on upper cantilever (13) for fixing workpiece (4) above lower branch arm (11)
Fixing piece, workpiece (4) are located between upper cantilever (13) and liner (3).
2. single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is provided on liner (3)
Cooling pipe, cooling pipe are distributed near U-shaped grooving (301), and one end of cooling pipe is connected with water inlet pipe sleeve
(302), other side is connected with water outlet pipe sleeve (303), and water inlet pipe sleeve (302) and water outlet pipe sleeve (303) pass through pipe
Road is connected to cooling water tank.
3. single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Fixing piece is fixing bolt
(2), the threaded hole for installing fixing bolt (2) is provided on upper cantilever (13).
4. single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Spiral shell on upper cantilever (13)
There are two pit is opened, two threaded holes are symmetrical arranged on upper cantilever (13), and the body of fixing bolt (2) is from upper cantilever (13)
Top passes through upper cantilever (13).
5. single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Liner (3) is mounted on branch
After on fagging (12), plane is higher than the upper plane of lower branch arm (11) on liner (3).
6. single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Pad (3) and workpiece (4)
It matches, according to the difference of welded workpiece (4), the specification of liner (3) is provided with several.
7. single-side welding double-side forming welding tooling according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Padding (3) includes double wave
Spike card welding backing (31), plate welding liner (32), L-type steel plate butt welding liner (33) and the L-type plate with angle
Welding backing (34).
8. a kind of single-side welding double-side forming welding procedure, which is characterized in that including the described in any item lists of claim 1 to 7
Double-faced forming welding tooling is welded in face, and specific step is：
S1：The shape and structure and size of welding position are needed according to welded piece (4), select suitable liner (3)；
S2：Liner (3) is fixed on support plate (12), workpiece (4) is assembled between liner (3) and fixing piece, it is ensured that lining
U-shaped grooving (301) center of pad (3) is aligned with the Weld pipe mill of workpiece (4), and guarantees that liner (3) and workpiece (4) are closely connected；
S3：It is passed through cooling water, is cooled down；
S4：Open welding equipment, welding workpiece (4).
9. single-side welding double-side forming welding procedure according to claim 8, which is characterized in that further include step：
S5：After welding, then it is continually fed into recirculated cooling water 1min；
S6：It unloads welding tooling and reconditioning processing is carried out to weld seam after molding, it is ensured that the beauty of bead contour.
10. single-side welding double-side forming welding procedure according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the specific step of step S3
Suddenly it is：Water inlet pipe sleeve (302) and water outlet pipe sleeve (303) are accessed on liner (3), carry out it with cooling water tank with hose
Connection opens cooling water tank, is passed through cooling water, so that the water in liner is formed the circulatory system, is cooled down.
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| CN109848523A (en) * | 2019-01-24 | 2019-06-07 | 中车四方车辆有限公司 | Joining method for stainless steel car body corrugated plating |
| CN109848525A (en) * | 2019-02-20 | 2019-06-07 | 武汉理工大学 | A 3-5mm stainless steel plate single-sided welding double-sided free forming welding method |
| CN111922488A (en) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-13 | 山东劳动职业技术学院（山东劳动技师学院） | Double-sided forming automatic welding equipment |
| CN112475656A (en) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-03-12 | 英辉南方造船（广州番禺）有限公司 | Welding tool and welding process for butt joint of outer plates of ship |
| CN113340703A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-03 | 天津中车唐车轨道车辆有限公司 | Welding process evaluation test method for covering T-shaped butt joint |
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| CN115194404A (en) * | 2021-04-12 | 2022-10-18 | 威博科技巨匠(深圳)有限公司 | Method for repairing local cracks and holes of annular stainless steel strip |
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