CN108792662B - Full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system and method for railway freight train - Google Patents
Full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system and method for railway freight train Download PDFInfo
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- CN108792662B CN108792662B CN201810809483.8A CN201810809483A CN108792662B CN 108792662 B CN108792662 B CN 108792662B CN 201810809483 A CN201810809483 A CN 201810809483A CN 108792662 B CN108792662 B CN 108792662B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G67/00—Loading or unloading vehicles
- B65G67/02—Loading or unloading land vehicles
- B65G67/04—Loading land vehicles
- B65G67/06—Feeding articles or materials from bunkers or tunnels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G43/00—Control devices, e.g. for safety, warning or fault-correcting
- B65G43/08—Control devices operated by article or material being fed, conveyed or discharged
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G69/00—Auxiliary measures taken, or devices used, in connection with loading or unloading
- B65G69/04—Spreading out the materials conveyed over the whole surface to be loaded; Trimming heaps of loose materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
- B65G2203/00—Indexing code relating to control or detection of the articles or the load carriers during conveying
- B65G2203/04—Detection means
- B65G2203/042—Sensors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Loading Or Unloading Of Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system and method for a railway freight train, wherein the system comprises a quantitative bin arranged across a train rail through a bracket in a loading area of the train carriage, a material buffer bin is arranged on the upper side of the quantitative bin, the lower end of the buffer bin is aligned to the quantitative bin and provided with a feed gate, the lower end of the quantitative bin is provided with a discharge gate, the lower end of the quantitative bin is connected with a loading chute, and a loading control system controls the continuous quantitative loading of the buffer bin and the quantitative bin on the freight train through identification and speed judgment of a vehicle identifier; the invention solves the synchronization problem in the aspects of the coordination and coordination of equipment and the carriage of the train, synchronizes the equipment feeding and the train, does not need manual intervention in the coordination problem of the chute and the carriage during discharging, and reduces the labor intensity. The automatic adjustment of the loading chute can be realized, weighing, loading and leveling can be realized, and the transportation efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system and method for a railway freight train.
Background
Although rapid and quantitative loading systems have been used for over 20 years in China, basically the system is designed in an initial structural mode, and the control mode is still at a manual and semi-automatic loading level until now under the influence of production conditions, bulk material flow characteristics and detection control technology. The automatic development level of the rapid quantitative loading system is always in extension and development in the limited mechanical and electrical automation angles, and the fundamental breakthrough in automation, intellectualization and informatization can not be realized. The batching process part can realize automatic operation, but huge synchronous problems exist in the aspects of matching and coordination of equipment and carriages of a train, so that manual intervention is often needed on the matching problem of a chute and carriages during equipment feeding and train synchronization and discharging.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system and method for a railway freight train, wherein a loading chute of the system is automatically adjusted, weighing, loading and leveling are realized, and the transportation efficiency is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system of a railway freight train comprises a quantitative bin which is arranged across a train rail in a loading area of the railway carriage and passes through a bracket, a material buffer bin is arranged on the upper side of the quantitative bin, the lower end of the buffer bin is aligned to the quantitative bin and provided with a feed gate, the lower end of the quantitative bin is provided with a discharge gate, the lower end of the quantitative bin is connected with a loading chute through the bracket, and a loading control system controls the continuous quantitative loading of the buffer bin and the quantitative bin on the freight train through the identification of a vehicle identifier and the judgment of the speed; wherein: the loading chute is a chute with a rectangular section, the carriage advancing direction is used as a front-back coordinate, the upper end of the loading chute is connected with a receiving hopper with a circular arc shape at the front and back of the rear end of the carriage, the discharging port at the lower end of the discharging gate of the quantitative bin is sleeved with the receiving hopper with the circular arc shape, two closed end faces of the receiving hopper are positioned at the lower end of the quantitative bin through rotating shafts fixed on a bracket, a hydraulic winch is arranged on the bracket, a lifting steel wire of the hydraulic winch is connected with the side wall of the lower end of the loading chute, the length direction of the loading chute can be lifted and put down by taking the rotating shafts as the center through the hydraulic winch in a front-back rotation mode, a position sensor is arranged at the outer side of the discharging port of the loading chute and the upper edges of the front and back side tank edges of the carriage in the advancing process, and the positions of the upper edges of the two side tank edges of the loading chute are used for determining, and the inner side of the discharging port is provided with a chute gate controlled by a loading control system.
The scheme is further as follows: a dust cover is arranged between the upper edge of the circular arc-shaped receiving hopper and the side wall of the discharge hole of the quantitative bin, and the dust cover is a flexible dust cover which can rotate along with the circular arc-shaped receiving hopper and is telescopic.
The scheme is further as follows: the chute gate comprises a plugboard, a horizontal transverse notch is formed in the side wall of the front side of the lower end of the loading chute, the plugboard is inserted into a discharge hole of the closed loading chute from the transverse notch, two sides of the tail end of the plugboard are respectively connected with telescopic pushing arms pushed by air cylinders or oil cylinders, and the air cylinders or the oil cylinders are fixed on side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute.
The scheme is further as follows: the inserting plate is an arc-shaped inserting plate, the telescopic pushing arm is connected with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the tail end of the inserting plate, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed on side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute, the telescopic pushing arm pushes the connecting rod to swing by taking the fixed end of the connecting rod as the circle center, and the connecting rod drives the arc-shaped inserting plate to be inserted into and pulled out of a transverse slot in an arc shape.
The scheme is further as follows: the position sensor comprises an image acquisition probe, a laser distance detection head and an anti-collision switch sensor, wherein the image acquisition probe is arranged at the outer side of the front end of the loading chute discharge port, and the laser distance detection head is respectively arranged at the outer sides of the left end and the right end of the loading chute discharge port; the anti-collision switch sensor is arranged on the outer side of the rear end of the discharging port of the loading chute.
The scheme is further as follows: the quantitative bin volume is the volume for ensuring that the weighed material meets the loading capacity of one compartment, and the volume of the loading chute is at least one fifth of the volume of the quantitative bin.
A full-automatic continuous quantitative loading method for a railway freight train is a method based on the full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system for the railway freight train, wherein: the quantitative bin volume in the system is a volume ensuring that the weighed material meets the loading capacity of a carriage, the loading chute in the system has a volume which is at least one fifth of the quantitative bin volume, and the method comprises: the method comprises the steps of obtaining loading information of carriages of a train, wherein the loading information comprises the number of carriages, the loading weight of each carriage and the size data of the carriages, determining the loading completion time of each carriage, determining that a freight train runs through a carriage loading area according to the speed of each carriage at the loading completion time, determining the height of the upper edge of a carriage tank side from the ground according to the size data of the carriages, lifting a chute discharge port of a loading chute to allow the carriages to pass through the lower side of the chute discharge port, and sequentially loading materials into each determined carriage through the loading chute; the method is characterized in that the position sensor arranged on the outer side of the loading chute discharge port is used for acquiring an entering signal of the loading chute discharge port from the front tank side of a loading carriage and an removing signal of the loading carriage from the rear tank side of the loading carriage, the process of loading the front carriage material and weighing the rear carriage material is completed between the entering signals of the two carriages, and the process of loading the front carriage material and weighing the rear carriage material comprises the following steps:
The first step: after receiving the signal of the previous carriage, opening a quantitative bin discharging gate and a chute discharging gate to convey materials into the loading carriage, and starting timing;
And a second step of: closing a discharge gate of the quantitative bin after all the materials in the quantitative bin flow out, opening a material buffer bin gate to feed the materials into the quantitative bin, and completing weighing of the materials in the next compartment before receiving the entering signal of the next compartment;
And a third step of: the chute discharge gate is kept in an open state while the second part is executed until the time for the determined loading time of each carriage is completed;
fourth step: closing a chute discharge gate, or closing the chute discharge gate after receiving a removal signal of the vehicle chute discharge gate from a rear chute of the loading carriage;
The loading time of each carriage is as follows: t=n×t, obtained;
Wherein: n=l/W; l is the length of a single carriage; w is the width of an opening of a discharge hole of the vehicle chute along the length direction of a carriage; t is the time constant of the material with the width W falling into the carriage bottom plate from the carriage chute discharge hole.
The scheme is further as follows: the method further comprises: when receiving the signal of the entering of the previous carriage, the quantitative bin discharging gate and the chute discharging gate are opened to convey materials into the loading carriage, the height of the loading chute discharging gate is reduced to enable the loading chute discharging gate to be flush with the upper edge of the side of the carriage, and when the loading time of each carriage is up, the loading chute discharging gate is lifted to the original position.
The scheme is further as follows: the loading chute discharge gate is rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered, and about rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered retract about the carriage respectively groove side 20 centimetres, chute discharge gate sets up rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered upper end side in the loading chute discharge gate.
The scheme is further as follows: the chute discharging gate comprises an arc-shaped inserting plate, a horizontal notch is formed in the side wall of the front side of the lower end of the loading chute, the arc-shaped inserting plate is inserted into a discharging hole of the closed loading chute from the notch, telescopic pushing arms pushed by air cylinders or oil cylinders are respectively connected to two sides of the tail end of the arc-shaped inserting plate, the air cylinders or the oil cylinders are fixed to side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute, the telescopic pushing arms are connected with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the tail end of the arc-shaped inserting plate, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to the side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute, the telescopic pushing arms push the connecting rod to swing by taking the fixed end of the connecting rod as the center of a circle, and the connecting rod drives the arc-shaped inserting plate to be inserted into and pulled out of the notch.
The invention has the advantages of integration, automation, intellectualization, informatization and environmental protection, brings historic transformation to the railway loading and transportation production mode, and realizes the purposes of reducing staff and efficiency, reducing cost, freeing labor and reducing labor intensity through an automatic control technology. The automatic adjustment of the loading chute can be realized, weighing, loading and leveling are realized, the transportation efficiency is improved, the automation degree of the whole system is high, the synchronization problem existing in the aspects of the coordination and coordination of equipment and a train carriage is solved, the equipment feeding and the train are synchronous, and the problem of the coordination of the chute and the carriage during unloading is not in need of manual intervention.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the loading chute structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
The full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system of the railway freight train is shown in fig. 1 and 2, the system comprises a quantitative bin 2 which is arranged across a train rail through a bracket 1 in a loading area of the train carriage, a material buffer bin 3 is arranged on the upper side of the quantitative bin, a feed gate 301 is arranged at the lower end of the buffer bin in alignment with the quantitative bin, a discharge gate 201 is arranged at the lower end of the quantitative bin, a loading chute 4 is connected at the lower end of the quantitative bin through the bracket, and a loading control system controls continuous quantitative loading of the freight train by the buffer bin and the quantitative bin through identification and speed judgment of a vehicle identifier; wherein: the loading chute is a chute with a rectangular section, the advancing direction of a carriage is used as a front-back coordinate, the upper end of the loading chute is connected with a receiving hopper 401 with a circular arc shape at the front and back of the closing of the left side end and the right side end, the discharging port of the lower end of a discharging gate of the quantitative bin is sleeved with the circular arc receiving hopper, two closed end faces of the circular arc receiving hopper are positioned at the lower end of the quantitative bin through a rotating shaft fixed on a support, a hydraulic winch is arranged on the support, a lifting steel wire 5 of the hydraulic winch is connected with the side wall of the lower end of the loading chute, the length direction of the loading chute can be rotated back and forth by taking the rotating shaft as a center through the hydraulic winch, for example, the loading chute can be rotated back and forth from an angle of 0 degree vertical to an angle of 90 degrees parallel to the ground, a position sensor 6 is arranged at the outer side of the discharging port of the loading chute, the position sensor is used for determining the positions of the upper edges of the front and the rear chute of the loading chute and the upper edges of the carriage in the advancing process, and the positions of the upper edges of the two side chute edges are provided with a chute 402 controlled by a loading control system.
The loading control system in the embodiment is provided with a radio frequency signal transmitting antenna and a radio frequency signal receiving antenna on a train track entering a carriage loading area, wherein the radio frequency signal transmitting antenna and the radio frequency signal receiving antenna are used for sensing an electronic radio frequency tag arranged at the bottom of each carriage of a train in real time; correlation infrared sensors for sensing the positions of the carriages of the train are arranged on two longitudinal sides of the loading area, and the carriage bodies and the neutral positions of the carriages are detected in real time by the correlation infrared sensors; the quantitative bin is positioned on four weighing sensors 7 arranged on the support, signals of the weighing sensors are connected to the metering controller through a switching box, radio frequency signal transmitting and receiving antenna signals are connected to a radio frequency signal controller, the metering controller and the radio frequency signal controller are respectively connected to a system server, the correlation infrared sensor signals are connected with the system server through cables, and the system server is connected with a material feeding gate of the material buffering bin and a material discharging gate of the quantitative bin through a PLC controller.
In the embodiment, in order to prevent the leakage of the dust of the materials after the quantitative bin discharging gate 201 is opened, a dust cover 8 is arranged between the upper edge of the circular arc-shaped receiving hopper 401 and the side wall of the quantitative bin discharging hole, and the dust cover is a flexible dust cover which is made of cloth and can be folded and stretched along with the rotation of the circular arc-shaped receiving hopper. And a dust cover is also arranged between the discharge port of the buffer bin and the feed port of the quantitative bin.
The loading chute is used for guiding and forward flowing materials to a carriage below, and can be optionally used for swinging and stretching or vertical stretching and horizontal moving according to field conditions so as to meet different customer requirements. The lower end of the chute is vertical to the carriage and is in a horn shape, so that the flatcar effect is ensured while loading and discharging materials. Therefore, the loading chute discharge gate has played the function of leveling along with the removal of carriage in the in-process of loading, for its effect more: the loading chute discharge gate is rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered, and about rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered retract about the carriage respectively groove side 20 centimetres, the chute gate sets up rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered upper end side in the loading chute discharge gate.
In the examples: as shown in fig. 2, the chute gate comprises a plugboard 402-1, a horizontal transverse notch is arranged on the side wall of the front side of the lower end of the loading chute, the plugboard is inserted into a discharge hole of the closed loading chute from the transverse notch, two sides of the tail end of the plugboard are respectively connected with a telescopic pushing arm 402-2 pushed by an air cylinder or an oil cylinder, and the air cylinder or the oil cylinder is fixed on side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute. In order to reduce the stress of the plugboard, the plugboard is an arc plugboard, the telescopic pushing arm is connected with a connecting rod 402-3, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the tail end of the plugboard, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed on side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute through a rotating shaft 402-4, the telescopic pushing arm pushes the connecting rod to swing by taking the fixed end of the connecting rod as the center of a circle, and the connecting rod drives the arc plugboard to be inserted into and pulled out of a transverse notch in an arc shape.
In the examples: the position sensor comprises an image acquisition probe, a laser distance detection head and an anti-collision switch sensor, wherein the image acquisition probe is arranged at the outer side of the front end of the loading chute discharge port, and the laser distance detection head is respectively arranged at the outer sides of the left end and the right end of the loading chute discharge port; the anti-collision switch sensor is arranged on the outer side of the rear end of the discharging port of the loading chute, and the image acquisition probe and the laser distance detection head are arranged on the rotatable cradle head.
In order to ensure that a certain time is reserved for preparing materials for the next carriage in the time of walking one carriage distance, namely the quantitative bin finishes feeding and weighing of the next carriage: the quantitative bin volume is the volume for ensuring that the weighed material meets the loading capacity of one compartment, and the volume of the loading chute is at least one fifth of the volume of the quantitative bin. Because loading is completed within a carriage distance, that is, the loading chute is finally emptied, the structure reserves at least one fifth of the whole loading time as the next carriage preparation material, and the neutral time between the two carriages ensures that the quantitative bin has enough time for the next carriage preparation material.
Example 2:
The full-automatic continuous quantitative loading method for the railway freight train is based on the full-automatic continuous quantitative loading system for the railway freight train in the embodiment 1, so that the content in the embodiment 1 should be taken as the content of the embodiment. Wherein: the quantitative bin volume in the system is a volume ensuring that the weighed material meets the loading capacity of a carriage, the loading chute in the system has a volume which is at least one fifth of the quantitative bin volume, and the method comprises: the method comprises the steps of obtaining loading information of carriages of a train, wherein the loading information comprises the number of carriages, the loading weight of each carriage and the size data of the carriages, determining the loading completion time of each carriage, determining that a freight train runs through a carriage loading area according to the speed of each carriage at the loading completion time, determining the height of the upper edge of a carriage tank side from the ground according to the size data of the carriages, lifting a chute discharge port of a loading chute to allow the carriages to pass through the lower side of the chute discharge port, and loading materials into each carriage which runs at the determined loading completion time of each carriage through the loading chute in sequence; the method comprises the steps of acquiring an entering signal of a front tank side of a loading carriage and an exiting signal of a rear tank side of the loading carriage from the outer side of a loading chute discharge port through a position sensor arranged on the outer side of the loading chute discharge port, and completing the process of loading the front carriage material and weighing the rear carriage material between the entering signals of the two carriages, wherein the process of loading the front carriage material and weighing the rear carriage material comprises the following steps:
The first step: after receiving the signal of the previous carriage, opening a quantitative bin discharging gate and a chute discharging gate to convey materials into the loading carriage, and starting timing;
And a second step of: closing a discharge gate of the quantitative bin after all the materials in the quantitative bin flow out, opening a material buffer bin gate to feed the materials into the quantitative bin, and completing weighing of the materials in the next compartment before receiving the entering signal of the next compartment;
and a third step of: the chute gate is kept in an open state while the second section is executed until the determined time for completion of the loading time of each compartment is reached;
fourth step: closing a chute discharge gate, or closing the chute discharge gate after receiving a removal signal of the vehicle chute discharge gate from a rear chute of the loading carriage;
The loading time of each carriage is as follows: t=n×t, obtained;
Wherein: n=l/W; l is the length of a single carriage; w is the width of an opening of a discharge hole of the vehicle chute along the length direction of a carriage; t is the time constant of the material with the width W falling into the carriage bottom plate from the carriage chute discharge hole. The time constant can be calculated by using the free fall principle through the known height from the vehicle chute discharge opening to the carriage bottom plate, or can be a preset value which is 1 to 2 times greater than the theoretical value calculated by using the free fall principle. The vehicle speed, which is determined in practice according to the loading time per car, is usually 0.5 km/h to 0.8 km/h.
Wherein: the method further comprises: when receiving the signal of the entering of the previous carriage, the quantitative bin discharging gate and the chute discharging gate are opened to convey materials into the loading carriage, the height of the loading chute discharging gate is reduced to enable the loading chute discharging gate to be flush with the upper edge of the side of the carriage, and when the loading time of each carriage is up, the loading chute discharging gate is lifted to the original position.
The train speed measuring radar is adopted by the train loading control system in the embodiment for the train carriage, and the motion state of the object is judged according to the microwave Doppler effect, so that the motion speed of the object is identified. In the actual application process, the radar speed measuring device is arranged on a platform opposite to the loading chute, the radar measured speed is not the running speed of the train, but the component (radial speed) of the train speed in the radar direction, and the measured speed is in direct proportion to the train speed and is slightly smaller than the actual speed of the train. The radar is best when the train is facing away from the front of the train. When the radar is perpendicular to the direction of movement of the train, the radar cannot detect the movement of the train. The coverage angle of the common radar is 30 degrees horizontally and 60 degrees vertically, and the influence of pedestrians on the radar can be reduced due to the fact that the installation position is higher. The loading control system automatically adjusts the opening time point of the loading and coal-discharging flashboard by detecting the real-time speed of the train and the running position of the train carriage (the relative position with the loading chute) and the loading time of each carriage, if the real-time speed of the train is higher, the coal flashboard is opened in advance, and if the real-time speed of the train is lower, the flashboard is opened after pushing. When the blending coal cannot keep pace, the vehicle speed is lower than the lower limit, and the vehicle speed is higher than the upper limit, the system judges that the automatic loading condition cannot be met, temporarily stops the flashboard, lifts the chute and sends out a voice prompt alarm.
In the examples: the loading chute discharge gate is rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered, and about rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered retract about the carriage respectively groove side 20 centimetres, chute discharge gate sets up rectangular loudspeaker form uncovered upper end side in the loading chute discharge gate.
In the examples: the chute gate comprises an arc-shaped inserting plate, a horizontal notch is formed in the side wall of the front side of the lower end of the loading chute, the arc-shaped inserting plate is inserted into a discharging hole of the closed loading chute from the notch, telescopic pushing arms pushed by air cylinders or oil cylinders are respectively connected to two sides of the tail end of the arc-shaped inserting plate, the air cylinders or the oil cylinders are fixed to side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute, the telescopic pushing arms are connected with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the tail end of the arc-shaped inserting plate, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed to the side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute, the telescopic pushing arms push the connecting rod to swing by taking the fixed end of the connecting rod as the circle center, and the connecting rod drives the arc-shaped inserting plate to be inserted into and pulled out of the notch in an arc shape.
In the traditional non-full-automatic loading control system, the height control of the chute and the unloading time in the carriage are manually controlled on the operation table by means of manpower, and because the number of vehicle types is numerous, the attention of an operator is limited and cannot be known in advance, and the operator cannot judge the vehicle by experience to generate deviation necessarily, so that the loading quality is good and bad, the coal piling height of the carriage is different, the loading workload is increased intangibly, and the loading time is influenced.
The position sensor in the system of the embodiment is arranged on the rotatable cradle head and comprises an image acquisition probe and a laser distance detection head, wherein the image acquisition probe is arranged on the outer side of the front end of the loading chute discharge port, and the laser distance detection heads are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left end and the right end of the loading chute discharge port; in the method, a position sensor is used for controlling the travel of a steel wire rope of the hydraulic winch, thereby controlling the lifting height of the chute. According to different truck loading material varieties and vehicle types, two truck loading chute lifting modes are controlled by the system design. The first mode is that the loading chute is higher than the side of the truck, the loading chute is immediately lowered to a low position after the loading chute plate is opened, and the loading chute is restored to a high position after 3 seconds of delay; the second mode is that the chute loading is lower than the side of the car, the loading chute is immediately lowered to a low position after the chute flashboard is opened, the loading chute is kept unchanged, and the anti-collision switch detects feedback until the chute reaches the tail of the car, when the anti-collision switch acts for the first time, the chute is lifted to the initial lifting position, and when the front part of the car is emptied next time, the anti-collision action for the second time is restored to the high position of the chute.
The automatic loading control system takes PLC control as a center, adopts AB Rockwell 1756ControlLogix series products, keeps consistent with centralized control of a dispatching center, and the front end is connected with hardware equipment through a field computer and an I/O data acquisition module, and aims at a power distribution cabinet, a PLC control cabinet, an operation desk, a computer, a field sensor, mechanical equipment, a hydraulic pump station and a carriage identification system in a train loading station, a control strategy is written according to a loading process flow, and on-line monitoring and control of all loading equipment are realized by means of colorful man-machine interfaces, including starting and stopping of equipment, locking, protection, data recording, image acquisition and the like. All control and computer software of the system must be a chinese interface as well as a human-machine interface (HMI).
The control function mainly comprises the following contents:
(1) Automatic weighing setting and automatic weighing for quantitative bin quantitative scale system
The quantitative bin and quantitative scale system can automatically set the weight of the material to be loaded by the empty train with each sequence number to be loaded according to the input information such as the input empty train grouping sequence, the train type number, the no-loading of the defective train and the like, and automatically weigh the material.
(2) Control function for the level of a buffer store and interlocking of the relevant operating mechanisms
The control interlocking function of the position detection of each storage material level arranged in the buffer bin is as follows:
a. Minimum material level: when the material in the bin is lower than the material level, the feeding gate group at the bottom of the buffering bin can not open a given amount of bin for feeding during loading operation. And the feeding gate group at the bottom of the buffer bin can be opened when the bin is cleaned and the machine side is operated.
B. The material level: the medium material level is the material level of the storage bin, which indicates that the cooperation between the feeding system and the loading system is coordinated.
C. High material level: is the highest Chu Liaowei of the bin. The reclaimer of the upstream feed system should be suspended from reclaiming when the material reaches this level.
D. Overflow level (high level): at this point the material in the bin has reached full capacity and the upstream feed system should be brought to an emergency stop.
(3) Interlocking control of feeding gate group at bottom of buffer bin and quantitative bin weighing system
The feed gate group at the bottom of the surge bin consists of 8 jaw gates in total of 4 groups of gates). (the closing of each gate is automatically completed according to the amount of the materials weighed by the quantitative bin scale and according to a specified program, so that the impact of the materials on a scale system and micro-feeding are reduced during weighing, and the weighing accuracy is ensured.
E. when the quantitative bin starts to receive materials and weigh, the 4 jaw shutters of the feeding gate group are simultaneously and rapidly opened to a full-open position.
F. When the material was fed to 70% by weight of the set point, the 5 gates were automatically and rapidly closed to the fully closed position.
G. When the material was fed to 90% by weight of the set point, 2 gates were again automatically and rapidly closed to the fully closed position.
H. When the material is supplied to the set point, the last gate is closed again.
I. When the feeding gate is closed and the materials are clamped and cannot be sheared during feeding, the gate can be automatically controlled to be opened slightly back so as to enable the materials to leak through, and the feeding gate is closed quickly after the materials pass through.
(4) Interlocking control of buffer bin feeding gate group and quantitative bin bottom loading gate
J. when the feeding gate group is opened, the loading gate is fixed at the closed position.
K. the loading gate can be opened only when the feeding gate group is fully closed,
The quantitative bin materials reach the set weighing value, the empty wagon reaches the loading point position, the driver sends a loading command, and otherwise, the empty wagon cannot be opened.
(5) Interlocking control of quantitative bin bottom loading gate and quantitative bin weighing system
And I, after the quantitative bin scale returns to the zero position within a specified time, the loading gate can be quickly closed.
If the hopper is blocked or the quantitative bin scale cannot return to the zero position within the specified time, an alarm signal is sent out at the moment to stop the train and automatically clear the materials in the hopper or take other emergency measures until the fault is relieved.
And m, when the feeding gate group leaks too much due to material clamping, the actual weighing value of the materials exceeds 5 per mill of a set value (more than 250-400Kg in the case of 50-80T of a wagon) can send out a warning signal, and the loading gate can automatically close the gate after the original set value material amount is discharged (with a manual material cutting function).
(6) Control of dust-proof loading chute
The chute stretches up and down in two control modes, namely automatic control mode and manual control mode. The automatic control is interlocked with the detection control that the empty car skin reaches the loading point position.
(7) Monitoring and inspection control of a loading work cycle
When the feeding system, the loading station and the train running speed are matched and coordinated, the loading work cycle of a railway wagon can be completed within a specified time. And monitoring and detecting the loading working time of a train wagon so as to ensure that the loading work is normally carried out. Alarm should be immediately given when the prescribed time is exceeded.
One railroad car allows the maximum loading time to be set for different car types.
(8) The bottom gates of the buffer bin and the quantitative bin can be automatically closed when power failure and emergency stop are suddenly encountered in the loading working process.
(9) Interlocking control with feed system
The automatic loading control system reserves a network communication interface and can be connected with a superior centralized control dispatching center of a mining company through an Ethernet to realize remote data sharing. The driver operates and monitors the entire loading process in the control room. But the operation must be performed at the direction of the surface Control Center (CCR).
Claims (4)
1. A full-automatic quantitative loading method for railway freight train is based on full-automatic quantitative loading system for railway freight train, which is composed of a quantitative cabin installed across the track of train in loading area, a buffering cabin with a feeding gate, a discharging gate, a loading chute with rectangular cross section and with front-back coordinates and front-back coordinates, a receiving hopper with front and back arc ends and two closed ends, The circular arc receiving hopper is sleeved at a discharge hole at the lower end of the discharge gate of the quantitative bin, two closed end surfaces of the circular arc receiving hopper are positioned at the lower end of the quantitative bin through a rotating shaft fixed on a bracket, a hydraulic winch is arranged on the bracket, a lifting steel wire of the hydraulic winch is connected with the side wall at the lower end of the loading chute, the length direction of the loading chute is lifted up and put down by taking the rotating shaft as a center through the hydraulic winch to rotate back and forth, and a loading control system controls the buffer bin and the quantitative bin to continuously quantitatively load the freight train through identification and speed judgment of a vehicle identifier; The position sensor is used for determining the positions of the loading chute discharge port, the upper edges of front and rear chute sides of a carriage in running and the upper edges of the two side chute sides, the inner side of the loading chute discharge port is provided with a chute discharge gate controlled by a loading control system, the position sensor comprises an image acquisition probe, a laser distance detection head and an anti-collision switch sensor, the image acquisition probe is arranged on the outer side of the front end of the loading chute discharge port, and the laser distance detection heads are respectively arranged on the outer sides of the left end and the right end of the loading chute discharge port; the anti-collision switch sensor is arranged outside the rear end of the discharging port of the loading chute; Wherein: the volume of the quantitative bin in the system is the volume for ensuring that the weighed material meets the loading capacity of a carriage, the volume of the loading chute in the system is at least one fifth of the volume of the quantitative bin, and the system server automatically controls and connects the feed gate of the material buffer bin and the discharge gate of the quantitative bin through a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the method comprises the following steps: obtaining loading information of the carriages of the train, wherein the loading information comprises carriage section number, loading weight of each carriage and carriage size data, determining loading time of each carriage, determining that the freight train runs through a carriage loading zone according to the speed of each carriage at which the loading time is completed, determining the height of the upper edge of the upper side of a carriage groove from the ground according to the size data of the carriage, lifting a chute discharge port of a loading chute to allow the carriage to pass through the lower side of the chute discharge port, and sequentially loading materials into each determined carriage through the loading chute; The hydraulic winch is characterized in that a position sensor is used for controlling the travel of a steel wire rope of the hydraulic winch, so that the lifting height of a chute is controlled; according to the differences of loading material varieties and vehicle types, two kinds of control loading chute lifting modes are provided: the first mode is that the loading chute is higher than the side of the truck, the loading chute is immediately lowered to a low position after the loading chute plate is opened, and the loading chute is restored to a high position after 3 seconds of delay; the second mode is that the chute loading is lower than the side of the vehicle, the loading chute is immediately lowered to a low position after the chute flashboard is opened, the chute is kept unchanged, the feedback is detected through the anti-collision switch until the chute reaches the tail part of the carriage, when the anti-collision switch acts for the first time, the chute is lifted to a 'primary lifting position', and when the front part of the carriage is emptied next time, the anti-collision action for the second time is restored to a 'chute high position'; through the position sensor that sets up in the loading chute discharge gate outside, acquire the entering signal of loading chute discharge gate from loading carriage front groove side and the removal signal from loading carriage rear groove side, accomplish the process that preceding section carriage material was loaded and the material of back section carriage was weighed between the entering signal of two carriages, the process step that preceding section carriage material was loaded and the material of back section carriage was weighed includes:
The first step: after receiving the signal of the previous carriage, opening a quantitative bin discharging gate and a chute discharging gate to convey materials into the loading carriage, and starting timing;
And a second step of: closing a discharge gate of the quantitative bin after all the materials in the quantitative bin flow out, opening a material buffer bin gate to feed the materials into the quantitative bin, and completing weighing of the materials in the next compartment before receiving the entering signal of the next compartment;
And a third step of: the second step is carried out while the chute discharge gate is kept in an open state until the determined time for each carriage to finish loading time is up;
fourth step: closing a chute discharge gate, or closing the chute discharge gate after receiving a removal signal of the vehicle chute discharge gate from a rear chute of the loading carriage;
The loading time of each carriage is as follows: t=n×t, obtained;
Wherein: n=l/W; l is the length of a single carriage; w is the width of an opening of a discharge hole of the vehicle chute along the length direction of a carriage; t is the time constant of the material with the width W falling into the carriage bottom plate from the discharge hole of the carriage chute;
The method further comprises:
The system automatically adjusts the opening time point of the loading and coal-discharging flashboard by detecting the real-time speed of the train and the matching of the running position of the train carriage and the loading time of each carriage, if the real-time speed of the train is higher, the coal flashboard is opened in advance, and if the real-time speed of the train is lower, the flashboard is opened after pushing; when the blending coal cannot keep pace, the vehicle speed is lower than the lower limit, and the vehicle speed is higher than the upper limit, the system judges that the automatic loading condition cannot be met, temporarily stops the flashboard, lifts the chute and sends out a voice prompt alarm.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: when receiving the signal of the entering of the previous carriage, the quantitative bin discharging gate and the chute discharging gate are opened to convey materials into the loading carriage, the height of the loading chute discharging gate is reduced to enable the loading chute discharging gate to be flush with the upper edge of the side of the carriage, and when the loading time of each carriage is up, the loading chute discharging gate is lifted to the original position.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the loading chute outlet is a rectangular horn-shaped opening, the rectangular horn-shaped opening is retracted to 20 cm from the left and right sides of the carriage respectively, and the chute outlet gate is disposed at the upper end side of the rectangular horn-shaped opening in the loading chute outlet.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the chute discharging gate comprises an arc-shaped plugboard, a horizontal notch is formed in the side wall of the front side of the lower end of the loading chute, the arc-shaped plugboard is inserted into the discharging hole of the closed loading chute from the notch, telescopic pushing arms pushed by air cylinders or oil cylinders are respectively connected to two sides of the tail end of the arc-shaped plugboard, the air cylinders or the oil cylinders are fixed on the side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute, the telescopic pushing arms are connected with a connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the tail end of the arc-shaped plugboard, the other end of the connecting rod is fixed on the side plates on the left side and the right side of the loading chute, the telescopic pushing arms push the connecting rod to swing by taking the fixed ends of the connecting rod as circle centers, and the connecting rod drives the arc-shaped plugboard to be inserted into and pulled out of the notch in an arc shape.
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