CN108770858B - Use of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole in the preparation of fungicides for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by Rhizoctonia graminearum - Google Patents
Use of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole in the preparation of fungicides for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by Rhizoctonia graminearum Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
- A01N43/78—1,3-Thiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-thiazoles
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Abstract
The invention provides application of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis. The invention also proves that the yield increasing effect of the pyraclostrobin, probenazole, pyraclostrobin and probenazole compound bactericide is obvious through field demonstration experiments. At present, chemical agents for preventing and treating wheat sheath blight are mainly validamycin and triazole bactericides, and with the large and continuous use of the chemical agents, the rhizoctonia cerealis generates different degrees of drug resistance to the agents, and the chemical prevention and treatment effect is obviously reduced. The invention firstly provides application of pyraclostrobin, thiabendazole and the mixed bactericide thereof to control of wheat sharp eyespot, and has wide market application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant disease control, and particularly relates to application of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole in preparation of a bactericide for controlling plant diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis.
Background
Wheat sharp eyespot is one of the worldwide diseases with wide distribution range, and occurs in many Wheat producing countries such as the United states, the United kingdom, New Zealand and the like. It was first reported abroad in 1934. China has early recorded related records of wheat sharp eyespot, and since the 80 th century, the wheat sharp eyespot is aggravated year by year in the middle and downstream areas of Yangtze river and Huang-Huai plain wheat areas due to improvement of water and fertilizer conditions, increase of planting density and change of varieties, and becomes one of main diseases in production. Wheat sharp eyespot is a soil-borne disease caused by an infestation of the asexual fungus Rhizoctonia (Rhizoctonia). According to previous research reports, 2 species of Rhizoctonia cerealis (Rhizoctonia cerealis) and Rhizoctonia solani (Rhizoctonia solani) are the main pathogenic bacteria causing wheat sharp eyespot in China. In recent years, the wheat sharp eyespot is spread in wheat producing areas in China, the harm is gradually increased, not only is the yield loss serious, but also the quality of wheat is greatly influenced.
In order to solve the threat of wheat sharp eyespot to wheat production, scholars at home and abroad have made many researches on influencing factors of the disease, identification of resistance of varieties, prevention and control ways, methods and the like, and play an important role in pest control and yield increase, but the disease control mainly depends on chemical prevention and control, and the bactericide is used as a main means for controlling the occurrence and harm of the wheat sharp eyespot. With the large and continuous use of these agents in recent years, the rhizoctonia cerealis generates different degrees of drug resistance to the agents, and the chemical control effect is obviously reduced. Therefore, the research on the resistance mechanism of the rhizoctonia cerealis, the targeted and reasonable medication and the development of new drugs are one of the research hotspots in the current agricultural and medical fields.
Pyraclostrobin officially registered 95% of raw medicines and other multiple compound formulations in China in 2012, and is one of the bactericides with the best prospect in the market at present. Pyraclostrobin is a strobilurin fungicide, has the characteristics of broad spectrum, high efficiency, low toxicity, safety to non-target organisms, safety to users and environment, can be used for preventing and treating diseases caused by almost all types of pathogenic fungi, and has no phytotoxicity to most crops. Meanwhile, the medicament has the health-care and yield-increasing effects on crops, and is the first product registered by the United states environmental protection agency.
Pyraclostrobin (pyraclostrobinin); chemical name: methyl N- [2- [1- (4-chlorophenyl) -1H-pyrazol-3-yloxymethyl ] phenyl ] (N-methoxy) carbamate; CAS accession number: [175013-18-0 ]; structural formula (xvi):
the action mechanism and the action mode of the pyraclostrobin are as follows: pyraclostrobin inhibits mitochondrial respiration by preventing electron transfer between cytochrome b and c1, rendering mitochondria unable to produce and supply energy (ATP) required for normal metabolism of the cell, ultimately leading to cell death. The pesticide has effects of protecting, treating, eradicating, permeating, absorbing and resisting rain wash by inhibiting spore germination and hypha growth of plant pathogenic bacteria. It can be quickly absorbed by crops, mainly retained by leaf wax layer, and can be transferred to back of blade by means of leaf permeation action so as to obtain the effect of preventing and curing diseases of front and back surfaces of blade. Pyraclostrobin has little effect on transmission from leaf to top and to base and fumigation, but has strong conductive activity in plant body.
Thiabendazole belongs to benzimidazole fungicides, and the fungicides are broad-spectrum and efficient systemic fungicides which are put into use in the sixties and seventies of the last century, have high selectivity on action targets, and have milestone significance in the history of chemical protection of plant diseases. The thiabendazole has the performance of internal absorption to the top, has the functions of protection and treatment, has long lasting period, and can be used for preventing and treating various crop fungal diseases and preventing and preserving fruits and vegetables. According to the classification standard of the acute toxicity of the pesticide in China, the probenazole belongs to the low-toxicity pesticide no matter the indexes of oral toxicity or percutaneous toxicity.
Thiabendazole (thiabendazole); chemical name: 2- (4-thiazolyl) -1H-benzimidazole; CAS accession number: [148-79-8 ]; structural formula (xvi):
mechanism and mode of action: the benzimidazole bactericide has the action mode that the benzimidazole bactericide is specifically combined with beta tubulin of plant pathogenic fungi, so that a microtubule device is interfered, and finally, the formation of cytoskeleton and cell division are influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides application of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis. Experiments prove that the pyraclostrobin and the probenazole single bacterial agent and the mixed bacterial agent of the pyraclostrobin and the probenazole single bacterial agent can be used for treating main wheat diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis, and have obvious bacteriostatic effects.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides application of pyraclostrobin in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis.
Further: the concentration of the pyraclostrobin in the bactericide is 0.1mg/L-1.6 mg/L.
The invention provides application of thiabendazole in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis.
Further: the concentration of the probenazole in the bactericide is 2mg/L-32 mg/L.
The invention provides application of a compound agent of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis.
Further: the pyraclostrobin and the probenazole are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1: 1.
Further: the concentration of the pyraclostrobin and the probenazole in the compound preparation is 0.5-8 mg/L.
Further: the plant disease is wheat sheath blight.
The invention provides application of pyraclostrobin and/or thiabendazole in preparation of a yield increasing agent for increasing wheat yield.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and the technical effects that: indoor toxicity measurement proves that pyraclostrobin, thiabendazole and the mixing ratio of the pyraclostrobin to the thiabendazole of 1:1 have good inhibition activity on the main plant pathogenic fungi rhizoctonia cerealis causing wheat sharp blight diseases, and experiments prove that the pyraclostrobin and the thiabendazole have obvious synergistic effect by being mixed according to equal mass ratio. At present, the use of a large amount of bactericides leads to the enhancement of the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria, particularly the multi-drug resistance of the pathogenic bacteria, which becomes the most troublesome problem in the control process of wheat sharp eyespot. The invention firstly proposes that two types of low-toxicity high-efficiency bactericides with different action mechanisms are mixed to inhibit the rhizoctonia cerealis, the synergism is obvious, the field yield increasing effect is obvious, the pyraclostrobin, the thiabendazole and the mixed bactericides thereof are applied to the control of wheat sharp eyespot, and the market application prospect is wide.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a result chart of bacteriostasis experiments of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole and its compound bactericide on Rhizoctonia cerealis (concentration unit of the bactericide: mg/L).
FIG. 2 is a field test result diagram of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole single agents and complex microbial agents thereof.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The invention respectively tests two bactericides of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole and two compound bactericides for bacteriostasis test of rhizoctonia cerealis. The virulence of the single agent and the compound agent is determined by a colony growth rate inhibition method. The growth rate method is also called as a medium-containing method, is particularly suitable for test strains which do not produce spores on a culture medium or produce less spores and have dense hyphae, and meets the requirements of the experiment of the invention.
Firstly, the experimental operation steps are as follows:
1. activating the strain: inoculating the rhizoctonia cerealis in the seed preservation pipe on a PDA plate, culturing for 5-6d, and placing in a constant temperature refrigerator at 4 ℃ for later use.
2. Preliminary experiments were performed to design appropriate concentration gradients: the 6 concentration gradients required for each agent experiment were determined by pre-experiment (specific concentration gradients are shown in table 1).
3. The experimental operation process comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing medicaments with different concentrations: the drugs are prepared according to the concentration gradient designed by the result of the preliminary experiment, quantitative drugs are added into 6 PCR tubes, DMSO with the same dosage as the highest drugs is added into a control group, and the DMSO lacking in other 5 experimental groups is supplemented at the same time.
(2) Preparing a toxic flat plate: pouring the PDA after being heated and melted into a 50mL conical flask, adding 50 mu LAmp and medicaments with different concentrations when the PDA is cooled to 45-50 ℃, fully mixing uniformly, pouring into a culture dish with the diameter of 9cm, repeating for 3 times in each treatment setting, and taking a PDA plate without the medicament but with the same amount of DMSO as a control.
(3) And (3) inoculating pathogenic bacteria: the bacterial cake was punched out on the same circumference of the edge of the pre-cultured colony with a punch (diameter 6mm), and the bacterial cake was inserted into the center of the poison plate, sealed and inverted in a constant temperature incubator at 25 ℃.
4. Data processing
(1) When the colony edge of the control group is close to the dish wall, the colony diameter of each treatment group is measured by adopting a cross method, and the growth inhibition rate is calculated.
Analysis of experimental data using SPSS and Excel softwareProcessing to obtain regression equation y ═ ax + b of toxicity of each drug to tested bacteria and effective inhibitory concentration (EC)50) And a correlation coefficient.
(2) The co-toxicity coefficient method is adopted to judge whether the compound medicament has the synergistic effect, and the calculation formula is as follows:
(ii) the relative virulence index (TI) of a single agent (EC 50 value for standard agent/EC 50 value for test agent) x 100;
② the Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) of the compound agent is relative Toxicity Index (TI) multiplied by PA of single agent A and relative Toxicity Index (TI) multiplied by PB of single agent B (PA and PB are respectively the percentage content of each single agent in the compound agent);
③ the actual virulence index (ATI) of the combination is (EC 50 value for standard agents/EC 50 value for the combination) x 100;
and fourthly, the co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) is the Actual Toxicity Index (ATI) of the compound agent/the Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) multiplied by 100 of the compound agent.
According to the formula, the co-toxicity coefficient CTC of the compound medicament can be calculated, and then whether the compound medicament has a synergistic effect or not is judged according to the following standard: CTC > 170 is an obvious synergistic effect; the CTC is more than 120 and less than 170, and has slight synergy; CTC of 70 < 120 has additive effect; CTC < 70 is antagonistic.
Experiment results of growth rate of second and 2 bactericides and compound bactericide thereof on rhizoctonia cerealis colony
The hypha growth rate inhibition method is used for determining the influence of the 2 bactericides and the mixture thereof on the growth rate of the rhizoctonia cerealis colony (as shown in figure 1), and the concentration gradient, the toxicity equation, the correlation coefficient and the EC of each test reagent50The data of (a) are shown in table 1. Pyraclostrobin, thiabendazole and EC of 1:1 mixed agent thereof50The concentration of the two components in the mixed preparation formed by pyraclostrobin and probenazole according to the mass ratio of 1:1 is 0.5mg/L-8 mg/L. After the pyraclostrobin and the thiabendazole are compounded, the cotoxicity coefficient CTC is more than 170, and an obvious synergistic effect is shown (Table 2).
Indoor toxicity determination of Table 12 bactericides and mixture thereof on Rhizoctonia cerealis
TABLE 2 virulence index and synergism of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole 1:1 mixture
Example 2
The pyraclostrobin, the probenazole single bacterium agent and the compound bacterium agent of the pyraclostrobin and the probenazole single bacterium agent are used for field tests, and the specific field test method comprises the following steps:
the investigation of 3 months in 1.2018 years and in the Weifang wheat experiment base at the wheat green turning stage shows that the incidence rate of the wheat sharp eyespot reaches 100 percent, the pesticide application treatment is immediately carried out for 1 time, the pyraclostrobin (10g of pesticide/15L of water), the epoxiconazole (50g of pesticide/15L of water) and the pyraclostrobin are respectively sprayed to the seedlings according to the mass ratio of 1:1, and each treatment is carried out for 3 times.
2.6 in the middle ten days of the month, the harvesting period of the wheat comprises that 1 mu of wheat is respectively harvested repeatedly by carrying out threshing and weighing on 12 treatment processes in total, and the yield increase percentage and the per mu yield are calculated.
The test results are shown in table 3 and fig. 2, and it can be seen from the results that the yield per mu of the compound bactericide of pyraclostrobin, thiabendazole, and pyraclostrobin thiabendazole (1: 1) after the application to wheat is improved, so that the two single bactericides and the two compound bactericides can be proved to be both used for preparing the bactericide for preventing and treating wheat sharp eyespot.
TABLE 3 field production increase summary of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions.
Claims (2)
1. The application of the compound agent of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole in preparing a bactericide for preventing and treating plant diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis is characterized in that: the pyraclostrobin and the probenazole are compounded according to the mass ratio of 1: 1; the concentration of the pyraclostrobin and the probenazole in the compound preparation is 0.5-8 mg/L.
2. The use of pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole compound agent according to claim 1 in the preparation of a bactericide for controlling plant diseases caused by rhizoctonia cerealis, characterized in that: the plant disease is wheat sheath blight.
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| CN109769846A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-05-21 | 湖南速博生物技术有限公司 | A kind of seed treatment |
| CN115553296A (en) * | 2022-09-20 | 2023-01-03 | 贵州省生物技术研究所(贵州省生物技术重点实验室、贵州省马铃薯研究所、贵州省食品加工研究所) | Thiediazole and pyraclostrobin compounded konjak root rot resistant bactericidal composition |
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| CN104938510A (en) * | 2015-07-08 | 2015-09-30 | 安徽省农业科学院植物保护与农产品质量安全研究所 | Sterilization composition containing pyraclostrobin and thiabendazole |
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