CN108759769B - An underwater geomembrane monitoring method using a pentagonal monitoring disc - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an underwater geomembrane monitoring method adopting pentagonal monitoring discs, which comprises the following steps: at least three rows of monitoring nodes are arranged in a reservoir bottom or a canal bottom water area to form a monitoring node array, stress strain detection devices of the first monitoring nodes and the last monitoring nodes in even rows comprise pentagon monitoring panels and pentagon covers matched with the pentagon monitoring panels, ropes are connected between the stress strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes in each row, and the method comprises the following steps: the stress-strain monitoring devices of the monitoring nodes in each row are connected with the control buses of the row, and the control buses of each row are electrically connected with the control boxes arranged on the dykes; step three: the control center preliminarily determines the position coordinates of the monitoring nodes which send out signals first or have large signal peaks as the coordinates of deformation or damage positions of the geomembrane. The technical scheme of the invention satisfies the collection of multi-directional signals and is more beneficial to the monitoring of hidden danger of leakage at the bottom of a warehouse or a canal.

Description

An underwater geomembrane monitoring method using a pentagonal monitoring disc

technical field

The invention relates to an underwater geomembrane monitoring method using a pentagonal monitoring disc.

Background technique

As a high molecular polymer, geomembrane has a large tensile strength and elongation to withstand water pressure and adapt to the deformation of the dam body. Because of its impermeability, it is widely used in water conservancy projects to block the leakage channel of water flow. In the early days of our country, geomembrane was used for vertical plastic anti-seepage projects at the bottom of reservoirs or canal bottoms. In recent years, it has been widely used in water conservancy projects such as plain reservoirs; in plain reservoirs, face rockfill dams, river channels, cofferdams and other projects, The use of geomembrane anti-seepage is an effective technology.

Usually, if multiple monitoring nodes are laid under the geomembrane in order to obtain the state data of the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the canal, it is often necessary to control them one by one, which makes the control system complicated. If a network structure is used, a bus structure is required for data transmission. , once a certain monitoring node is damaged and cannot work normally, the collected data will be blank, and there are isolated islands of monitoring nodes, which still cannot fully guarantee the integrity of the reservoir bottom or canal bottom and geomembrane. It is a feasible way to link nodes together to form a monitoring node array, but in the monitoring node array, the structure of monitoring nodes at different positions will be different, and some are on the edge of the array, and often only need to be connected with the monitoring nodes on one side with ropes. If it is in the center of the array, it needs to be linked with the front, back, left, right, and surrounding nodes. Therefore, it is necessary to use monitoring nodes with various structures for selection.

At present, in urban construction and some water conservancy projects, the use of geomembrane for anti-seepage has become the preferred solution for areas with poor geological conditions and lack of ideal impermeable layers. The reason is that the geomembrane is a flexible material and has a strong adaptability to the deformation of the underwater foundation. Its aging speed can meet the economic life requirements of most water conservancy projects without being pierced or torn by external forces. It is especially suitable for many water conservancy projects. Seismic areas and karst areas are used as anti-seepage schemes for reservoir bottom.

In practical application, the integrity of the geomembrane will be tested by the deformation of the underwater foundation. There are generally two types of deformation of the underwater foundation. The shear strength is low, and the other is the local force and displacement of the geomembrane caused by the uplift of the foundation under the membrane and the expansion of gas. In short, once the geomembrane at the bottom of the underwater reservoir is damaged by the geological environment, water and soil organisms, external force of the liner, and flatulence, the major defect of "difficult to determine the cracking position" will appear immediately. Due to the rapid diffusion of seepage water in the soil after passing through the geomembrane, even pre-embedded monitoring instruments cannot determine the damage site in a small area. This shortcoming makes the short-term emergency repair opportunity in the early stage of membrane cracking lose, and makes the tearing and seepage damage of geomembrane expand rapidly, which seriously threatens the safety of water conservancy projects.

In short, once the geomembrane is damaged, it will increase the leakage of reservoir water, cause a large amount of water loss, affect the normal operation of the reservoir, and endanger the safety of the project. Therefore, effective monitoring techniques must be adopted for geomembrane operation.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem solved by the invention is: after the geomembrane which acts as an anti-seepage under water is accidentally damaged, how to quickly find out and accurately locate the technical problem.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of underwater geomembrane monitoring method that adopts pentagonal monitoring disc, and the steps that comprise are as follows:

Step 1, at least three rows of monitoring nodes are set in the bottom of the reservoir or the water area of the canal bottom to form an array of monitoring nodes of odd or even rows, wherein each monitoring node of the even rows is respectively arranged in each adjacent row of the odd rows Between the two monitoring node spacing areas, each of the monitoring nodes includes a stress-strain monitoring device, and the stress-strain detection device at the first and last monitoring node in an even row includes a pentagonal monitoring disk and a The supporting pentagonal cover of the pentagonal monitoring plate is connected with ropes between the stress-strain monitoring devices in the monitoring nodes in each row, and the stress-strain monitoring devices in adjacent monitoring nodes in adjacent rows are connected by ropes. The connection forms a triangular mesh, in which the stress-strain monitoring devices in the first monitoring node in adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected with ropes, and the stress-strain monitoring devices in the end monitoring nodes in adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected by ropes make a connection;

Step 2: Keep tension between the ropes in the array of monitoring nodes and fix the stress-strain detection devices provided on each monitoring node on the downward facing side of the geomembrane, and place the geomembrane together with the monitoring nodes on the downward side The stress and strain detection devices are laid together on the surface of the underwater reservoir bottom or channel bottom. The stress and strain monitoring devices in the monitoring nodes in each row are all connected to the control bus of the row, and the control buses of each row are connected to the embankment Electrical connection of the control box set above;

Step 3, when any geomembrane is deformed, the stress-strain monitoring device in the monitoring node at the corresponding position on the back of the geomembrane first feels the stress and sends a data signal, and at the same time, the rope connected to the stress-strain monitoring device Being involved, the stress and strain monitoring devices in the peripheral monitoring nodes also feel the deformation of the geomembrane and send out data signals. Each of the data signals will be transmitted to the control box through the control bus of their respective lines, and the controller in the control box Upload each data signal to the cloud server, and the internal program of the central server in the control center sorts the signals and compares the signal with the lower limit of the stress peak value of the geomembrane, discards the stress peak signal that is less than the lower limit of the threshold value, and records that it is greater than the threshold value For the stress peak signal of the lower limit, the lower limit of the threshold is set to 80~140N/125px, where the unit of N is Newton and PX is pixel;

The coordinates of the monitoring node where the stress-strain monitoring device with the largest signal peak value or the first signal is used as the position coordinates of the deformation or damage of the geomembrane; the technician who knows the coordinate signal checks the corresponding monitoring node and its surrounding area, that is Relatively accurate geomembrane deformation or damage location can be obtained to provide technical support for further emergency treatment.

In addition, according to the embodiment of the present invention, it may have the following additional technical features:

According to an embodiment of the present invention, facing the pentagonal monitoring disk, the five sides of the pentagonal monitoring disk include upper straight sides and lower straight sides parallel to each other, and left and right sides perpendicular to the upper and lower straight sides respectively. The straight side, the right side includes an upper section and a lower section, one end of the upper section is connected to the right end of the upper straight side, one end of the lower section is connected to the right end of the lower straight side, and the upper section and the lower section The other ends of each are connected to each other and the connection intersection point of the upper segment and the lower segment is away from the left straight edge of the pentagonal monitoring panel to form an outward protrusion, and a hub is provided in the middle of the pentagonal monitoring panel , the wiring plug is provided on the hub, and a pair of bolt holes are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower edge of the hub close to the hub, and the two pairs of bolt holes are symmetrical about the center of the hub, and the five A bolt hole is arranged on the edge of the right side close to the hub platform in the side shape monitoring plate, wherein the radial center of the bolt hole on the right side edge of the hub platform is facing the upper edge and the lower edge The vertex formed by connecting the intersections is located on the extension line of the angle bisector of the vertex, and the radial center of a pair of bolt holes respectively provided on the upper side and the lower edge of the hub is located on the five On the diagonal where the two pairs of vertices where the two ends of the upper and lower straight sides of the polygonal monitoring plate cross each other,

One end of the five connecting pieces is fastened to the hub platform through bolts respectively matching with the bolt holes, and the other ends of the five connecting pieces are respectively independently connected with stress and strain sensors, and each stress and strain sensor is far away from the connecting piece. The other end is provided with a fastening hole, and the pressure plate crimps one end of the rope on the other end of the stress-strain sensor away from the connecting piece through the cooperation of the bolt and the fastening hole. The side wall of the pentagonal monitoring plate is provided There is a waterproof plug, and the five ropes pass through the side wall through the waterproof plug to connect with other adjacent monitoring nodes, and the signal lines of the five stress and strain sensors are respectively electrically connected to the control bus in the bank through the junction plug.

In addition, the stress-strain detection device of the first monitoring node located in an odd row includes a fan-shaped monitoring disk, which is matched with a fan-shaped cover, and a turning edge is provided on the outside of the two straight sides of the fan-shaped cover , the turning edge is provided with a mounting hole, and a wire collection platform is provided on the side opposite to the arc edge in the fan-shaped monitoring panel, and a wiring plug is provided on the wire collection platform. There are three bolt holes on the edge of the table on one side of the arc edge of the fan-shaped monitoring plate. One end of the three connecting pieces is respectively fastened to the hub table through the cooperation of the bolts and the three bolt holes. The other end of the three connecting pieces One end is respectively connected with a stress-strain sensor, and a bolt hole is also provided at the other end of each stress-strain sensor away from the connecting piece. On the other end of the connecting piece, the side wall of the fan-shaped monitoring plate is provided with a waterproof plug, and the rope passes through the fan-shaped monitoring plate through the waterproof plug to connect with other adjacent monitoring nodes. The signal line of the stress-strain sensor They are respectively electrically connected to the control bus in the bank through the junction plugs.

The system used in the underwater geomembrane monitoring method includes setting at least three rows of monitoring nodes in the water area at the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the channel to form an array of monitoring nodes in odd or even rows, wherein each monitoring node in the even rows respectively arranged between two adjacent monitoring node spacing areas of the odd rows, each of the monitoring nodes includes a stress and strain monitoring device, and between the stress and strain monitoring devices in the monitoring nodes in each row Connected with ropes, the stress-strain monitoring devices in adjacent monitoring nodes in adjacent rows are connected by ropes to form a triangular mesh, wherein the stress-strain monitoring devices in the first monitoring node in adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected Ropes, the stress and strain monitoring devices in the end monitoring nodes in adjacent odd rows are also connected by ropes; the stress and strain monitoring devices include stress and strain sensors;

The ropes in the array of monitoring nodes are kept in tension and the monitoring nodes are fixedly installed on the downward facing side of the geomembrane, and the geomembrane together with the monitoring nodes on the downward facing side are laid on the underwater reservoir bottom or channel bottom surface , the stress and strain monitoring devices of the monitoring nodes in each row are all connected to the control bus of the bank, and the control bus of each row is electrically connected to the control box provided on the embankment; the control box communicates with the cloud server, and the The cloud server communicates with the central server of the control center through the gateway, and the cloud server also communicates with the mobile terminal.

Include the controller that is provided with in the control box, also include the wireless transmitting module that is connected with controller, wireless transmitting module communicates with cloud server through wireless router. The controller is a PLC controller, and the rope is a stainless steel wire rope.

The working principle of this technical solution is that in the specific application of anti-seepage treatment of underwater engineering by laying geomembrane, the membrane body of the geomembrane is easily damaged under the action of foundation changes and external forces, and in severe cases it will cause the bottom of the reservoir to be damaged. In the actual situation of accidents such as seepage at the bottom of the canal, multiple monitoring nodes are installed on the downward side of the geomembrane, and the adjacent monitoring nodes are connected by ropes to form a mesh network structure. When the underwater geomembrane At the initial stage of deformation or even damage of the membrane under force, the stress-strain monitoring device at the nearest monitoring node is pulled by the corresponding rope passing through the deformation area to generate a warning signal, and at the same time other ropes connected to the stress-strain monitoring device are also involved, causing the surrounding The stress and strain monitoring device will also feel the deformation signal of the geomembrane more or less. Each signal is uploaded to the cloud server through the control bus, and then communicates with the server of the control center through the cloud server. The server of the control center communicates with the server through the internal program. Obtain the signal, judge according to the time sequence and peak value, and preliminarily determine the position coordinates of the monitoring node with the first warning signal or the larger peak value as the coordinates of the geomembrane damage position. After investigation, a relatively accurate location of geomembrane damage can be obtained, which buys time for timely processing and meets the needs of personnel in relevant departments; here, the established ropes participate in the construction of the monitoring node array mesh and play the role of stress signal linkage. It also acts as a reinforcing rib, which can enhance the tensile capacity of the underwater geomembrane, improve the ability of the geomembrane to resist external forces and avoid damage in disguise, so as to achieve the best stress monitoring method: that is, the geomembrane will never be subject to or less stress. good effect. The unfavorable situation is that when the underwater geomembrane is deformed or even damaged by stress, the value of the stress data signal that may be obtained due to the rope is small. This can be achieved by lowering the monitoring signal threshold in the later program of the control center server The lower limit is used to make up for the problem of reduced monitoring sensitivity caused by ropes. Usually, the stress tensile strength of geomembrane is ≥ 250N/125px. Here, the lower limit of the threshold is set to 80-140N/125px, and the threshold is artificially lowered. In the case of the existing equipment, the sensitivity of receiving the stress signal of the geomembrane is improved. In this way, it is ensured that the geomembrane can respond in time at the initial stage of stress deformation and even damage.

When the foundation under the underwater geomembrane rises or there is gas accumulation, the geomembrane will also be deformed or even ruptured under the action of heavy water pressure and other external forces, and the nearest stress and strain detection device at this position will feel the deformation At the same time, the rope connected to the stress-strain detection device is also involved, so that the surrounding stress-strain detection device will also feel the deformation signal of the geomembrane more or less, and these signals will pass through the control bus and The controller in the control box is connected, the controller is uploaded to the cloud server, and reaches the server in the control center. The internal program of the central server judges and compares, and calculates the geomembrane deformation signal that arrives first and has the largest peak value as the coordinate value of the fault point. The personnel of relevant decision-making departments can check the monitoring node and its surrounding areas to obtain relatively accurate geomembrane damage locations, which buys time for timely processing and meets the needs of relevant department personnel.

Relevant decision-makers can also directly access the cloud server through the mobile terminal to grasp the deformation state information of the underwater geomembrane in real time, so that they can make predictions at the first time, obtain valuable emergency repair opportunities in the early stage of membrane cracking, and strive to reduce risks. To the minimum, to prevent the expansion of the accident,

The working principle of the present invention is mature and reliable, and it can locate the deformation or damaged position of the underwater geomembrane without adding too much investment. The location of the leak point is more accurate. The stress and strain detection devices at the first and last monitoring nodes in the even rows include a pentagonal monitoring disc and a pentagonal cover matching the pentagonal monitoring disc to meet multiple The collection of direction signals is more conducive to the monitoring of hidden dangers of seepage at the bottom of reservoirs or canal bottoms, and greatly reduces the input of manpower and material resources, which has great economic benefits and application prospects.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above-mentioned and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and easily understood from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings,

Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow chart of the underwater geomembrane monitoring method that adopts pentagonal monitoring disc;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the fan-shaped monitoring disk of the first monitoring node in the odd-numbered row in the monitoring node array;

Fig. 3 is a schematic side view of the fan-shaped monitoring panel in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the square monitoring disc structure schematic diagram that is positioned at the first row or is positioned at the middle section monitoring node of not row inside in monitoring node array;

Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of the structure of the square monitoring panel in Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the pentagonal monitoring disk of the first and last monitoring nodes in the even-numbered row in the monitoring node array;

Fig. 7 is a schematic side view of the pentagonal monitoring panel of Fig. 6;

Fig. 8 is the regular hexagonal monitoring plate schematic diagram of the middle monitoring node except the first and last monitoring node in the row except the first line and the non-row in the monitoring node array;

Fig. 9 is a schematic side view of the regular hexagonal monitoring panel of Fig. 8;

Fig. 10 is a schematic side view of the regular hexagonal monitoring panel with ground anchors in Fig. 8;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an underwater geomembrane stress-strain monitoring system;

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of a partially enlarged structure of a wiring plug;

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a rope limiting device;

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the ratchet and the rope in Fig. 13;

Among them: 1. Reservoir bottom or canal bottom, 2. Monitoring node, 3. Rope, 4. Control bus, 5. Wireless router, 6. Cloud server, 7. Mobile terminal, 8. Central server, 9. Gateway, 10. Control box, 11. Geomembrane, 12. Fan-shaped monitoring plate, 13. Turning edge, 14. Stress and strain sensor, 15. Waterproof plug, 16. Bolt, 17. Pressing plate, 18. Connecting piece, 19. Hub, 20 .Wiring plug, 21. Fan-shaped cover, 22. Square monitoring plate, 23. Square cover, 24. Pentagonal monitoring plate, 25. Pentagonal cover, 26. Signal line, 27. Air bag, 28. Raised column, 29. Unicom tube, 30. Upper mount, 31. Ratchet, 32. Lower mount, 33. Radial notch, 34. Cone, 35. Transverse torsion bar, 36. Ratchet main shaft, 37. Lower groove, 38 . Upper groove tube, 39. Hollow hole on the side wall. 40. Regular hexagonal monitoring plate, 41. Regular hexagonal cover, 42. Fixed anchor.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals designate the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the figures are exemplary only for explaining the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Further explanation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing;

This monitoring method and system can be applied to the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the canal 1. In the stress monitoring of the geomembrane 11 laid in the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the canal, Figures 1 to 14 provide a method using five The underwater geomembrane monitoring method of the polygonal monitoring disc comprises the following steps:

Step 1 includes setting at least three rows of monitoring nodes 2 in the water area of the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the canal to form an array of monitoring nodes of odd or even rows, wherein each monitoring node 2 of the even rows is respectively arranged on the edge of the odd rows Between each adjacent two monitoring nodes 2 spacing areas, each of the monitoring nodes 2 includes a stress-strain detection device, and the stress-strain detection devices of the first and last monitoring nodes in the even-numbered row include a five-sided Shape monitoring dish and the supporting pentagonal cover of described pentagonal monitoring dish, be connected with rope 3 between the stress and strain detection device in the monitoring node 2 in each row, the adjacent monitoring node 2 in adjacent row The stress and strain detection devices are connected by ropes 3 to form a triangular mesh, wherein the stress and strain detection devices in the first monitoring node 2 in adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected with ropes 3, and the end monitoring nodes in adjacent odd-numbered rows The stress and strain detection devices of 2 are also connected by rope 3;

Step 2 includes, keeping tension between each rope 3 in the monitoring node array and fixing the stress and strain detection device provided on each monitoring node 2 on the downward facing side of the geomembrane 11, and installing the geomembrane 11 together with the The stress-strain detection device of the monitoring node 2 facing downward is laid together on the surface of the reservoir bottom or the canal bottom, and the stress-strain detection device of the monitoring node 2 in each row is connected with the control bus 4 of the row, and the control bus 4 of each row The bus 4 is electrically connected to the control box 10 provided on the embankment;

Step 3 includes, when any geomembrane 11 is deformed, the stress-strain detection device in the monitoring node 2 located at the corresponding position on the back of the geomembrane 11 is subjected to stress and sends out a data signal, and at the same time, connects with the stress-strain detection device The rope 3 is also involved, so that the surrounding stress and strain detection devices will also feel the deformation of the geomembrane 11 and send out data signals, and each of the data signals will be transmitted to the control box 10 through the control bus 4 of the respective row, and the control The controller in the box 10 uploads each data signal to the cloud server 6, and the internal program of the central server 8 of the control center judges and compares, sorts the sending time of the data signals and compares the data signals with the lower threshold value of the stress peak value of the geomembrane. For comparison, discard the stress peak signal that is less than the lower threshold, and record the stress peak signal that is greater than the lower threshold. The lower threshold can be set to 80 or 100 or 140N/125px, N is Newton, and PX is the pixel of the geomembrane; the data signal will be sent first Or the position coordinates of the monitoring node 2 with the largest data signal peak value are preliminarily determined as the position coordinates of the deformation or damage of the geomembrane 11, and the technicians who know the coordinate signal can check the corresponding monitoring node 2 and its surrounding areas to obtain relatively accurate results. The geomembrane 11 is deformed or damaged to provide technical support for further emergency treatment.

As shown at the C place in Fig. 11, in the monitoring node array, as shown in Fig. 6 and 7, the stress-strain detecting device of the first and the last monitoring node in the even-numbered row includes a pentagonal monitoring disc 24 and a The matching pentagonal cover 25 of the pentagonal monitoring plate 24 faces the pentagonal monitoring plate 24. In the horizontal direction, two mutually parallel upper and lower ends are respectively located on the sides of the pentagonal cover 25. The upper side and the lower side, and the outer sides of the upper end and the lower end are respectively provided with a turning edge 13, and mounting holes are arranged on the turning edge 13, and the five sides of the pentagonal monitoring plate 24 include upper straight sides parallel to each other. and the lower straight side, the left straight side perpendicular to the upper and lower straight sides respectively, the right side includes an upper segment and a lower segment, one end of the upper segment is connected with the right end of the upper straight side, and the lower segment of the One end is connected to the right end of the lower straight side, the other ends of the upper side and the lower side are connected to each other and the connection intersection of the upper side and the lower side is away from the left straight side of the pentagonal monitoring disk 24 to form a convex shape, There is an included angle greater than zero and less than 180 degrees between the upper side and the lower side, and a hub 19 is provided in the middle of the pentagonal monitoring panel 24, and a wiring plug 20 is provided on the hub 19, A pair of bolt holes are respectively arranged on the edge near the upper side and the lower side of the hub platform 19, and the two pairs of bolt holes are all symmetrical about the hub platform 19. There is a bolt hole on the edge of the right side of the platform. In order to meet the direction requirements of the pentagonal monitoring disks of the first and last monitoring nodes in the even-numbered rows, the pentagonal monitoring disks can be used by flipping 180 degrees; , the radial center of the bolt hole on the right edge of the hub is facing the vertex formed by the connection intersection of the upper and lower sides and is located on the extension line of the angle bisector of the vertex, and the hub The radial center of a pair of bolt holes respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side edge of the line table 19 is located at the two pairs of vertex angles where the two ends of the upper and lower straight sides of the pentagonal monitoring plate 24 are located. on the diagonal. The radial center of the bolt hole is on the crossed diagonal line, so that the rope connected to the stress and strain sensor 14 can be passed out along the corner without bending. It is beneficial to improve the sensitivity of the sensor to stress perception. The pentagonal cover includes two mutually parallel upper and lower ends in the horizontal direction, respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the pentagonal cover, and the outer sides of the upper and lower ends are respectively provided with turning edges. The turning edge is provided with mounting holes.

One end of five connecting pieces 18 is fastened on the hub 19 by bolts 16 respectively matching with bolt holes, and the other ends of five connecting pieces 18 are respectively independently connected with stress-strain sensors 14, and each stress-strain sensor 14 The other end away from the connecting piece 18 is provided with a fastening hole, and the pressing plate 17 presses one end of the rope to the other end of the stress and strain sensor 14 away from the connecting piece 18 through the cooperation of the bolt 16 and the fastening hole. The side wall of the pentagonal monitoring plate 24 is provided with a waterproof plug 15, and five of the ropes pass through the waterproof plug 15 to pass through the side wall to be connected with other adjacent monitoring nodes. The signal lines of the five stress-strain sensors 14 26 are respectively electrically connected to the control bus 4 in the bank through the junction plugs 20 .

In addition, as shown at B in FIG. 11, in the monitoring node array, as shown in FIGS. The outer sides of the upper and lower two straight sides between are provided with a turning edge 13, and the turning edge 13 is provided with a mounting hole, facing the square monitoring plate 22, including the left and right sides of the square monitoring plate 22. On the symmetrical central axis of symmetry and near the position of the straight side on the upper side, a hub 19 is provided, and a junction plug 20 is provided on the hub 19. The central axes of symmetry on the left and right sides of the square monitoring panel 22 are two pairs of bolt holes of the symmetry axis, and one end of the two pairs of connecting pieces 18 is respectively matched with the two pairs of bolt holes by bolts 16 and fastened to the hub 19. , the other ends of the two pairs of connecting pieces 18 are respectively independently connected to two pairs of stress-strain sensors 14, wherein the line connecting the axial axes of a pair of stress-strain sensors 14 is collinear, and is aligned with the left and right sides of the square monitoring disk 22. The upper and lower straight sides between the two sides are parallel, and the axial axes of another pair of stress-strain sensors 14 are symmetrical to the central axis of symmetry of the left and right sides in the square monitoring disk 22, and are in a figure-eight shape. The other end of the stress-strain sensor 14 away from the connecting piece 18 is also provided with a bolt hole, and the pressing plate 17 presses one end of the rope 3 to the end of the stress-strain sensor 14 away from the connecting piece 18 through the cooperation of the bolt 16 and the bolt hole. On the other end, the side wall of the square monitoring disc 22 is provided with a waterproof plug 15, and the rope 3 passes through the square monitoring disc 22 through the waterproof plug 15 to be connected with the stress and strain detection devices of other adjacent monitoring nodes 2, so that The signal wires 26 of the stress and strain sensors 14 are respectively electrically connected to the control bus 4 in the bank through the junction plugs 20 .

As shown in the A place in Fig. 11, the stress-strain detecting device of the first described monitoring node 2 in the odd-numbered rows includes a fan-shaped monitoring disk 12, as shown in Fig. 2 and 3, the fan-shaped monitoring disk 12 and the fan-shaped The cover 21 is matched, and the outer sides of the two straight sides of the fan-shaped cover 21 are provided with a turning edge 13, and the turning edge 13 is provided with a mounting hole, so that the mounting hole on the turning edge 13 can be used to make a hole through sewing or riveting. The fan-shaped monitoring disk 12 is connected to the downward facing surface of the geomembrane 11 , that is, the back side of the geomembrane 11 , in the same manner. In the fan-shaped monitoring panel 12, a wire collection platform 19 is provided at a position opposite to the arc edge, and a junction plug 20 is provided on the wire collection platform 19. Three bolt holes are provided on the edge of the table on one side of the line edge, and one end of the three connecting pieces 18 is fastened on the hub platform 19 by bolts 16 and three bolt holes respectively, and the other end of the three connecting pieces 18 The stress-strain sensors 14 are connected respectively, and bolt holes are also provided at the other end of each stress-strain sensor 14 far away from the connecting piece 18, and the pressing plate 17 presses one end of the rope 3 in by the cooperation of the bolts 16 and the bolt holes. On the other end of the stress and strain sensor 14 away from the connecting piece 18, a waterproof plug 15 is provided on the side wall of the fan-shaped monitoring disk 12, and the rope 3 passes through the fan-shaped monitoring disk 12 and adjacent other The stress and strain detection devices in the monitoring node 2 are connected, and the signal lines 26 of the stress and strain sensors 14 are respectively electrically connected to the control bus 4 in the bank through the junction plugs 20 .

In Fig. 11, a kind of underwater geomembrane monitoring system is shown, including setting at least three rows of monitoring nodes 2 in the water area in the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the canal 1, forming an array of monitoring nodes of odd or even rows, wherein the Each monitoring node 2 of the even-numbered row is respectively arranged between each adjacent two monitoring node 2 spacing regions of the odd-numbered row, each of the monitoring nodes 2 includes a stress and strain detection device provided, and the monitoring in each row The stress and strain detection devices in node 2 are connected with ropes 3, and the stress and strain detection devices in adjacent monitoring nodes 2 in adjacent rows are connected by ropes 3 to form a triangular mesh. Ropes 3 are also connected between the stress and strain detection devices in each monitoring node 2, and the stress and strain detection devices of the end monitoring nodes 2 in adjacent odd rows are also connected by ropes 3;

Each rope 3 in the monitoring node array is kept in tension and the monitoring node 2 is fixedly installed on the downward facing side of the geomembrane 11, and the geomembrane 11 is laid on the bottom of the underwater reservoir together with the monitoring node 2 on the downward facing side. Or on the surface of the canal bottom 1, the stress and strain detection devices of the monitoring nodes 2 in each row are all connected to the control bus 4 of the row, and the control bus 4 of each row is electrically connected to the control box 10 provided on the embankment; The control box 10 communicates with the cloud server 6, and the cloud server 6 communicates with the central server 8 of the control center through the gateway 9, and the cloud server 6 also communicates with the mobile terminal 7.

Include the controller that is provided with in the described control box 10, also comprise the wireless transmitting module that is connected with controller, wireless transmitting module communicates with cloud server 6 by wireless router 5.

The controller is a PLC controller, and the rope 3 is a stainless steel wire rope.

The PLC controller is installed in the control box 10, and is electrically connected with the corresponding peripheral electrical accessories such as power supply, start switch, indicator light, etc. and all belong to the conventional technology of those skilled in the art, so no more details.

Finally, as shown at D in Figure 11, in the monitoring node array, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, except the first row and the last row, and the middle monitoring nodes in the row except the first and last monitoring nodes include The regular hexagonal monitoring disc 40 and the regular hexagonal cover 41 matched with the regular hexagonal monitoring disc 40 face the regular hexagonal monitoring disc 40, and in the horizontal direction, two mutually parallel straight sides are respectively positioned on the regular hexagonal monitor disc 40. The upper side and the lower side of the side-shaped cover 41, and the outer sides of the two straight sides are respectively provided with turning edges 13, and mounting holes are provided on the turning edges 13, and six of the regular hexagonal monitoring disks 40 The vertex angles are three pairs of symmetrical vertex angles that are symmetrical about the center of symmetry in the panel. A hub 19 is provided at the center of symmetry in the regular hexagonal monitoring panel 40, and a wiring plug 20 is provided on the hub 19. , six bolt holes are arranged on the edge near the upper and lower sides and the left and right sides of the hub 19, and the six bolt holes form three pairs symmetrical about the center of symmetry in the disc, and the number of each pair of bolt holes The radial centers respectively correspond to the projections of the diagonals between the three pairs of symmetrical vertices of the regular hexagonal monitoring disk 40 on the hub 19,

One ends of the six connecting pieces 18 are fastened on the hub 19 by bolts 16 and bolt holes, and the other ends of the six connecting pieces 18 are respectively independently connected with stress-strain sensors 14, and each stress-strain sensor 14 The other end away from the connecting piece 18 is provided with a fastening hole, and the pressing plate 17 presses one end of the rope to the other end of the stress and strain sensor 14 away from the connecting piece 18 through the cooperation of the bolt 16 and the fastening hole. The side wall of the regular hexagonal monitoring plate 40 is provided with a waterproof plug 15, and the six ropes pass through the waterproof plug 15 to pass through the side wall to connect with other adjacent monitoring nodes. The signal lines of the six stress-strain sensors 14 26 are respectively electrically connected to the control bus 4 in the bank through the junction plugs 20 .

As shown in Figure 10, the regular hexagonal monitoring disc can also be provided with a fixed anchor 42, because the regular hexagonal monitoring disc is often arranged in the middle area of the entire geomembrane 11, compared with the edge area of the geomembrane 11, the displacement is small, Therefore can utilize fixed anchor 42 to keep relatively fixed position, and fixed anchor 42 can grasp in the mud at the bottom of the water, makes each regular hexagonal monitoring plate relatively fixed at the bottom of the water, just is equivalent to setting up a plurality of origin coordinates artificially, when geomembrane 11 has damage or when deformed, the rope exerts force on the stress-strain sensor 14 in the node, and the central server 8 directly obtains the relative coordinates of the origin of these fixed regular hexagonal monitoring disks according to the transmitted data signal and uses them as reference points, compared with traversing the entire underwater Finding the damaged or deformed position of the area is equivalent to dividing the underwater area into zero, and the damaged or deformed position of the geomembrane 11 can be obtained more quickly with fewer programs.

In Fig. 12, a kind of junction plug 20 is provided, and described junction plug 20 is respectively arranged on the hub table in the disk body of fan-shaped monitoring disk 12, square monitoring disk 22, pentagonal monitoring disk 24, regular hexagonal monitoring disk 40 19 position, the terminal plug 20 includes a hollow tube passing through the disc body and a flange connected to the end of the hollow tube exposed from the disc body, and a plurality of raised columns 28 are installed on the inner wall of the hollow tube, so The protruding columns 28 are located in the radial direction of the hollow tube, and a plurality of the protruding columns 28 are arranged along the axial direction of the hollow tube. And several air bags 27 are arranged between the raised columns 28 in the tube, and the air bags 27 are communicated through the communication tube 29, and the signal line 26 passes through the gap between the air bags 27 and the raised columns 28 and extends out of the disk, and is monitored in a square shape. Take the disk 22 as an example. When the square monitoring disk 22 and the geomembrane 11 are installed underwater, under the action of water pressure, the air bag 27 located at the nozzle outside the disk body is compressed. Intercommunication, after the air bag 27 outside the nozzle is compressed, the air bag 27 in the hollow tube of the junction plug 20 expands, and is further wrapped in the circumference of the signal line 26 passing through the junction plug 20, surrounded by the air bag 27, the signal line 26 The protruding columns 28 arranged staggered in the channel diameter become more meandering and tortuous. In this way, the airbag 27 and the protruding columns 28 cooperate to increase the degree of tortuosity in the tube. On the one hand, the waterproof sealing effect in the monitoring panel is guaranteed. On the other hand, because The protruding column 28 is made of soft rubber material. When the stress-strain sensor 14 in the square monitoring plate 22 is subjected to stress and a slight displacement occurs, the signal line 26 can freely expand and contract in the hollow tube, avoiding the stress-strain between the signal line 26 and the inside. The connection terminal of the sensor 14 is broken due to excessive force, so that the stress signal cannot be transmitted, which greatly improves the working reliability of the monitoring panel.

In Figures 13 and 14, a rope limiting device is provided. In order to ensure that the ropes in the monitoring array are effectively displaced under stress and will not deviate due to the fetters of attachments, they can be placed on the ground at the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the canal where the rope passes. A rope limiting device is set, and the rope limiting device includes an upper mounting base 30, and the left and right sides of the upper mounting base 30 are provided with a turning edge 13, and the turning edge 13 is provided with a mounting hole. The lower bottom surface of the mounting base 30 is provided with an upper grooved pipe 38, which passes through and is parallel to the left and right symmetrical center axes of the upper mounting base 30, and the upper grooved pipe 38 is a concave opening at the bottom. Grooved tube, on the side of the middle section of the upper grooved tube 38, a side wall hollow hole 39 is provided, and the upper mounting seat 30 is connected with the lower mounting seat 32 directly below, and the lower mounting seat 32 is connected with the The corresponding position of the upper groove tube 38 is provided with a lower groove 37, and a ratchet 31 is arranged at the position of the side wall hollow hole 39 corresponding to the upper groove tube 38 of the lower groove 37, and the ratchet 31 is installed with the lower groove through the ratchet main shaft 36. The conical body 34 directly below the seat 32 cooperates. The conical body 34 includes a conical drill on the upper plane and a lower part. The side wall of the conical drill is provided with a helical pattern, which plays the role of a drill in use, saving time and effort. The radial center position of the above-mentioned upper plane is provided with a counterbore along the axial axis direction of the lower tapered drill, and radial notches 33 are provided on the two opposite side walls of the tapered drill and close to the upper plane, The radial notch 33 communicates with the counterbore, the ratchet main shaft 36 is matched with the counterbore, and the lower end of the ratchet main shaft 36 is connected with the middle part of the transverse torsion bar 35 below, and the transverse torsion bar The two ends of 35 are located in the radial notch 33, when the rope is fastened in the lower groove 37 and the upper groove tube 38 of the upper mounting seat 30 and the lower mounting seat 32, and the cone 34 is implanted In the mud at the bottom of the reservoir or at the bottom of the canal, when the rope is displaced by stress, it will touch the ratchet 31 to rotate. The ratchet 31 is a one-way wheel and can only rotate in one direction. Driven by the ratchet 31, the ratchet main shaft 36 drives The transverse torsion bar 35 in the radial notch 33 rotates and acts on the cone body 34 with moment, causing the tapered drill at the bottom of the cone body 34 to drill in the mud, and the displacement of the rope due to stress is limited, so the tapered drill also There will not be too much feed, only the node array composed of ropes and the geomembrane 11 laid on it are closely attached to the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the canal to avoid the displacement of the geomembrane 11 itself; even if there is gas under the geomembrane 11 , under the action of the rope and the cone 34, the geomembrane 11 will still be attached to the bottom of the reservoir or the bottom of the canal, which is equivalent to spreading the gas evenly in a large area below the geomembrane 11, so as to avoid local swelling of the geomembrane 11, that is, Delay or avoid the accumulation of gas at a small point of the geomembrane 11, resulting in local force and damage. Under the action of the rope and the rope limit device, the geomembrane 11 has a stronger tensile effect and a more reliable "grip". The "ground" effect can reduce the accidental damage of the underwater geomembrane 11 from two aspects. In addition, a torque sensor can also be arranged between the ratchet main shaft 36 and the lower mounting base 32, similar to the processing of the stress and strain sensor, the signal line of the torque sensor is also connected to the control box through the corresponding data bus and the signal upload network is sent to the central server 8. It becomes a supplement to underwater geomembrane stress monitoring, thus establishing a new way of stress monitoring.

Here, when the rope is pulled by the opposite stress in another direction, the rope moves in the opposite direction, and the ratchet 31 of one-way movement will not participate in the movement, thereby ensuring that the conical drill only drills holes to the bottom of the reservoir bottom or the bottom of the canal, avoiding The whole rope stopper is screwed out from the mud at the bottom of the reservoir or at the bottom of the ditch;

The non-twisted state of the rope can be guaranteed by the rope limit device. At the same time, the groove structure can also remove mud or other attachments attached to the rope, so that the geomembrane and the rope can meet the needs of the reservoir bottom or canal bottom or some undulating areas. Laying in underwater conditions. In addition, although each rope has been bound to each disk, the disk itself will not have a large displacement, but if the rope limiter is connected to the fan-shaped disk 12 or the square monitoring disk 22 or the pentagonal monitoring disk 24 or the square monitoring disk 24 The bottom of the disc body of the edge-shaped monitoring disc 40 is inserted into the mud, and the displacement range of the disc body is limited without affecting the stress monitoring, further reducing or avoiding the drag range of the disc body on the geomembrane body during stress and strain , so that the whole system will obtain a more reliable operation guarantee.

In the description of this specification, a description referring to the term "one embodiment" and the like means that a specific feature, structure, material or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of underwater geomembrane monitoring method that adopts pentagonal monitoring disc is characterized in that, the steps that comprise are as follows: Step 1, at least three rows of monitoring nodes are set in the bottom of the reservoir or the water area of the canal bottom to form an array of monitoring nodes of odd or even rows, wherein each monitoring node of the even rows is respectively arranged in each adjacent row of the odd rows Between the two monitoring node spacing areas, each of the monitoring nodes includes a stress-strain monitoring device, and the stress-strain detection device at the first and last monitoring node in an even row includes a pentagonal monitoring disk and a The supporting pentagonal cover of the pentagonal monitoring plate is connected with ropes between the stress-strain monitoring devices in the monitoring nodes in each row, and the stress-strain monitoring devices in adjacent monitoring nodes in adjacent rows are connected by ropes. The connection forms a triangular mesh, in which the stress-strain monitoring devices in the first monitoring node in adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected with ropes, and the stress-strain monitoring devices in the end monitoring nodes in adjacent odd-numbered rows are also connected by ropes make a connection; Facing the pentagonal monitoring disk, the five sides of the pentagonal monitoring disk include upper straight sides and lower straight sides parallel to each other, left straight sides perpendicular to the upper and lower straight sides, and the right side includes the upper section One end of the upper edge is connected to the right end of the upper straight edge, one end of the lower edge is connected to the right end of the lower straight edge, and the other ends of the upper edge and the lower edge are connected to each other. Together and the connection intersection point of the upper segment and the lower segment is away from the left straight edge of the pentagonal monitoring plate to form an outward protrusion, and a hub is provided in the middle of the pentagonal monitoring disc, and a hub is set on the hub. There are wiring plugs, and a pair of bolt holes are respectively provided on the upper and lower edges close to the hub, and the two pairs of bolt holes are symmetrical about the center of the hub, and the center of the pentagonal monitoring panel is located near the hub. The right edge of the hub is provided with a bolt hole, wherein the radial center of the bolt hole on the right edge of the hub is facing the vertex formed by the connection intersection of the upper edge and the lower edge and is located at On the extension line of the angle bisector of the vertex, and the radial centers of a pair of bolt holes respectively provided on the upper side and the lower side edge of the collection platform are located on the upper and lower straight lines of the pentagonal monitoring plate. On the diagonal where the two pairs of top corners where the two ends of the side are located are cross-connected with each other, one end of the five connecting pieces is fastened to the hub table through bolts respectively matching with the bolt holes, and the other ends of the five connecting pieces are respectively Stress and strain sensors are independently connected, and a fastening hole is provided at the other end of each stress and strain sensor away from the connecting piece. On the other end of the connecting piece, the side wall of the pentagonal monitoring plate is provided with a waterproof plug, and the five ropes pass through the side wall through the waterproof plug to connect with other adjacent monitoring nodes, and the five stress-strain The signal lines of the sensors are respectively electrically connected to the control bus in the bank through the junction plugs; The wiring plug is arranged at the hub position in the disc body of the pentagonal monitoring panel; the wiring plug includes a hollow tube passing through the panel body and a flange connected to the end of the hollow tube exposed from the disc body, A plurality of protruding posts are installed on the inner wall of the hollow tube, the protruding posts are located in the radial direction of the hollow tube, and the plurality of protruding posts are arranged along the axial direction of the hollow tube, A number of airbags are arranged between the mouth of the hollow tube exposed to the outside of the disc body and the protruding columns in the tube. out of the disk; A rope limiting device is set on the ground of the reservoir bottom or the bottom of the canal where the rope passes. The mounting hole is provided with an upper grooved tube on the lower bottom surface of the upper mounting base, the upper grooved tube passes through and is parallel to the left and right symmetrical center axes of the upper mounting base, and the upper grooved tube is opened at the bottom The grooved pipe of the upper grooved pipe is provided with a side wall hollow hole on the side of the middle section of the upper grooved pipe, and the upper mounting seat is connected with the lower mounting seat directly below, and the lower mounting seat is connected with the upper groove A lower groove is provided at the corresponding position of the pipe, and a ratchet is provided at the position of the hollow hole on the side wall of the pipe corresponding to the upper groove. The shape body comprises an upper plane and a lower tapered drill, the side wall of the tapered drill is provided with a helical pattern, and a counterbore along the axial axis direction of the lower tapered drill is provided at the radial center of the upper plane, Radial notches are provided on the two opposite side walls on the tapered drill and close to the upper plane, the radial notches communicate with the counterbore, and the ratchet main shaft cooperates with the counterbore, so The lower end of the ratchet main shaft is connected to the middle part of the lower transverse torsion bar, and the two ends of the transverse torsion bar are located in the radial notch; Step 2: Keep tension between the ropes in the array of monitoring nodes and fix the stress-strain detection devices provided on each monitoring node on the downward facing side of the geomembrane, and place the geomembrane together with the monitoring nodes on the downward side The stress and strain detection devices are laid together on the surface of the underwater reservoir bottom or channel bottom. The stress and strain monitoring devices in the monitoring nodes in each row are all connected to the control bus of the row, and the control buses of each row are connected to the embankment Electrical connection of the control box set above; Step 3, when any geomembrane is deformed, the stress-strain monitoring device in the monitoring node at the corresponding position on the back of the geomembrane first feels the stress and sends a data signal, and at the same time, the rope connected to the stress-strain monitoring device Being involved, the stress and strain monitoring devices in the peripheral monitoring nodes also feel the deformation of the geomembrane and send out data signals. Each of the data signals will be transmitted to the control box through the control bus of their respective lines, and the controller in the control box Upload each data signal to the cloud server, and the internal program of the central server in the control center sorts the signals and compares the signal with the lower limit of the stress peak value of the geomembrane, discards the stress peak signal that is less than the lower limit of the threshold value, and records that it is greater than the threshold value For the stress peak signal of the lower limit, the lower limit of the threshold is set to 80-140N/125px, where the unit of N is Newton, and px is a pixel; the coordinates of the monitoring node where the stress-strain monitoring device with the largest signal peak or the first signal is used as the geomembrane deformation or The location coordinates of the damaged location; technicians who know the coordinate signal can check the corresponding monitoring nodes and their surrounding areas to obtain relatively accurate geomembrane deformation or damage locations, providing technical support for further emergency treatment.

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