CN108736126B - Flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna - Google Patents
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- CN108736126B CN108736126B CN201810425906.6A CN201810425906A CN108736126B CN 108736126 B CN108736126 B CN 108736126B CN 201810425906 A CN201810425906 A CN 201810425906A CN 108736126 B CN108736126 B CN 108736126B
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- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 206010011409 Cross infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029803 Nosocomial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001839 endoscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000115 thoracic cavity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/08—Means for collapsing antennas or parts thereof
- H01Q1/085—Flexible aerials; Whip aerials with a resilient base
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/10—Resonant slot antennas
- H01Q13/106—Microstrip slot antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/20—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements characterised by the operating wavebands
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种柔性共形双频带胶囊天线，包括由柔性介质构成的空心胶囊，所述胶囊内壁附着有金属地板，所述金属地板开设有末端开路的槽线，且所述胶囊外壁设有呈弯折结构的馈线。本发明弥补了柔性的共形双频带胶囊天线的空缺，理论和仿真结果均表明本发明的有效性；天线在胶囊内部占据的空间小；辐射口径大。
The invention discloses a flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna, which comprises a hollow capsule made of a flexible medium. A metal floor is attached to the inner wall of the capsule. A slot line with an open end is provided on the metal floor, and a feeder line in a bent structure is provided on the outer wall of the capsule. The invention makes up for the vacancy of the flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna, and both theoretical and simulation results show the effectiveness of the invention; the space occupied by the antenna inside the capsule is small; and the radiation aperture is large.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种用于人体内外无线通信的胶囊式植入天线，尤其涉及一种柔性共形双频带胶囊天线。The invention relates to a capsule-type implanted antenna for wireless communication inside and outside the human body, in particular to a flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna.
背景技术Background technique
应用于人体内部的植入天线可以将监测到的人体内部数据实时传输至体表或体外，在健康医疗领域体现出巨大的应用价值和研究意义。由于植入设备的体积受限于人体这个特殊的应用环境，要求设备内的各类器件都尽可能的实现小型化，因此，本发明通过采用柔性介质研究共形的植入天线，使天线附着于设备壁上，从而尽可能减小其占用的空间。柔性天线的典型应用之一为无线胶囊内窥镜系统，其能让临床医生直接观测人体消化道内图像，其以便捷、无创、无痛、无交叉感染、不影响患者正常工作等优点，在消化道疾病诊断及治疗领域显示了重要的研究意义及应用价值。The implanted antenna applied inside the human body can transmit the monitored internal data of the human body to the body surface or outside the body in real time, which shows great application value and research significance in the field of health care. Since the volume of the implanted device is limited by the special application environment of the human body, all kinds of devices in the device are required to be miniaturized as much as possible. Therefore, the present invention uses a flexible medium to study the conformal implanted antenna, so that the antenna is attached to the wall of the device, thereby reducing the occupied space as much as possible. One of the typical applications of the flexible antenna is the wireless capsule endoscopy system, which allows clinicians to directly observe the images in the human digestive tract. It has the advantages of convenience, non-invasiveness, painlessness, no cross-infection, and does not affect the normal work of patients. It has shown important research significance and application value in the field of diagnosis and treatment of digestive tract diseases.
不少文献研究了共形的胶囊天线，如2010年S.Yun等提出了在胶囊外壁构建一个宽带的环天线；2015年Y.X.Guo团队提出了胶囊内壁构建的宽带偶极子结构；直至最近，在2017年D.Nikolayev等提出了一个胶囊直径为7mm的小型化的胶囊天线，其中胶囊壁厚度为0.5mm，文中采用阶梯阻抗谐振技术将天线设计谐振在434MHz，随后将天线以共形形式依附在胶囊内壁以达到小型化效果。然而上述天线皆为单频段谐振的胶囊天线。此外，宽频带天线也受到了学者的研究，如2015年Rula S.Alrawashdeh等提出了一个超宽带的共形胶囊天线，引入互补的开口环谐振结构，工作频带覆盖MedRadio频段和多个ISM频段。Many literatures have studied conformal capsule antennas. For example, in 2010, S.Yun et al. proposed to build a broadband loop antenna on the outer wall of the capsule; in 2015, Y.X.Guo’s team proposed a broadband dipole structure built on the inner wall of the capsule; until recently, in 2017, D.Nikolayev et al. proposed a miniaturized capsule antenna with a capsule diameter of 7mm, where the capsule wall thickness is 0.5mm. The antenna is conformally attached to the inner wall of the capsule to achieve miniaturization. However, the above-mentioned antennas are all single-band resonant capsule antennas. In addition, broadband antennas have also been researched by scholars. For example, in 2015, Rula S. Alrawashdeh et al. proposed an ultra-wideband conformal capsule antenna, introducing a complementary split-ring resonant structure, and the working frequency band covers the MedRadio frequency band and multiple ISM frequency bands.
但是对于柔性的共形双频带胶囊天线还没有报道。However, no flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna has been reported yet.
发明内容Contents of the invention
发明目的：本发明提供了一种柔性共形双频带胶囊天线，弥补了柔性共形双频带胶囊天线的空缺。Purpose of the invention: The present invention provides a flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna, which makes up for the vacancy of the flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna.
技术方案：本发明的柔性共形双频带胶囊天线，包括由柔性介质构成的空心胶囊，所述胶囊内壁附着有金属地板，所述金属地板开设有末端开路的槽线，且所述胶囊外壁设有呈弯折结构的馈线。Technical solution: The flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna of the present invention includes a hollow capsule made of a flexible medium, a metal floor is attached to the inner wall of the capsule, the metal floor is provided with slot lines with open ends, and the outer wall of the capsule is provided with a feeder in a bent structure.
为使天线在胶囊内部占据极少的空间，采用柔性介质基板作为胶囊壁和天线介质基底。In order to make the antenna occupy very little space inside the capsule, a flexible dielectric substrate is used as the capsule wall and antenna dielectric base.
其中，所述胶囊呈圆柱状，基于胶囊工作环境为人体内部的考虑，结合现有胶囊内窥镜尺寸，胶囊直径为9-12mm，优选10mm或11mm。Wherein, the capsule is cylindrical, and based on the consideration that the working environment of the capsule is inside the human body, combined with the size of the existing capsule endoscope, the diameter of the capsule is 9-12mm, preferably 10mm or 11mm.
结合胶囊特殊环境，当柔性介质加工成圆柱状作为胶囊壁时，金属地板附着在柔性介质表面，与空气介质直接接触；馈线处于柔性介质外壁位置，与人体组织直接接触，能量通过馈线耦合进槽线形成辐射。Combined with the special environment of the capsule, when the flexible medium is processed into a cylindrical shape as the capsule wall, the metal floor is attached to the surface of the flexible medium and is in direct contact with the air medium; the feeder is located on the outer wall of the flexible medium and is in direct contact with human tissue, and the energy is coupled into the slot line through the feeder to form radiation.
其中，所述槽线呈“q”字型。天线能量主要由槽线缝隙辐射出去。Wherein, the groove line is in the shape of "q". The antenna energy is mainly radiated from the slot line slot.
馈线呈弯折状通过在有限面积内加长馈线长度，以延长电流路径，从而实现天线小型化效果。The feeder is bent to extend the length of the feeder in a limited area to extend the current path, thereby achieving the miniaturization effect of the antenna.
其中，所述馈线末端设有连接馈线与金属地板的金属短路钉。金属短路钉位置位于槽线边沿以增强能量的耦合，从而得到更好的阻抗匹配，实现宽带性能。Wherein, the end of the feeder is provided with a metal short-circuit nail connecting the feeder and the metal floor. The position of the metal shorting stud is located on the edge of the slot line to enhance energy coupling, so as to obtain better impedance matching and achieve broadband performance.
所述柔性介质为生物相容性介质，优选聚酰亚胺、聚酰胺、聚四氟乙烯和聚醚醚酮中的一种或几种，其介电常数εr为3-3.3，优选3.15；厚度为0.1-0.14mm，优选0.12mm。The flexible medium is a biocompatible medium, preferably one or more of polyimide, polyamide, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyether ether ketone, with a dielectric constant ε r of 3-3.3, preferably 3.15; a thickness of 0.1-0.14mm, preferably 0.12mm.
其中，所述馈线采用微带馈线，所述微带馈线端口阻抗为47-53Ω，优选50Ω。能量通过微带馈线耦合入地面槽线，微带馈线的长度和末端开路的“q”字形槽线长度共同决定了天线的谐振频点。Wherein, the feeder adopts a microstrip feeder, and the port impedance of the microstrip feeder is 47-53Ω, preferably 50Ω. The energy is coupled into the ground slot line through the microstrip feeder line, and the length of the microstrip feeder line and the length of the "q"-shaped slot line with an open end jointly determine the resonant frequency point of the antenna.
有益效果：1、本发明弥补了柔性的共形双频带胶囊天线的空缺，理论和仿真结果均表明本发明的有效性；2、天线在胶囊内部占据的空间小；3、辐射口径大；4、能够根据胶囊环境满足胶囊天线的特殊需求；5、弯折微带耦合馈电，更引进短路钉来增强能量耦合，以达到更好的阻抗匹配；6、采用槽线开路缝隙辐射，缝隙与馈线共同决定谐振频点。Beneficial effects: 1. The present invention makes up for the vacancy of the flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna, and the theoretical and simulation results show the effectiveness of the present invention; 2. The space occupied by the antenna inside the capsule is small; 3. The radiation aperture is large; 4. It can meet the special requirements of the capsule antenna according to the capsule environment;
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的结构示意图及仿真环境图；Fig. 1 is a structural representation and a simulation environment diagram of the present invention;
图2是本发明的平铺结构示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a tiling structure of the present invention;
图3是本发明加载“q”字形槽线的地板示意图；Fig. 3 is the floor schematic diagram of the present invention loading "q" shaped groove line;
图4是本发明的S参数仿真图。Fig. 4 is an S-parameter simulation diagram of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
参见图1、图2和图3，本发明一实施例所述的柔性共形双频带胶囊天线，包括由柔性介质构成的空心胶囊1，胶囊1内壁附着有金属地板2，金属地板2开设有末端开路的槽线3，且胶囊1外壁设有呈弯折结构的馈线4，馈线4末端设有连接馈线4与金属地板2的金属短路钉5。Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the flexible conformal dual-band capsule antenna according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a hollow capsule 1 composed of a flexible medium, a metal floor 2 is attached to the inner wall of the capsule 1, and a groove line 3 with an open end is provided on the metal floor 2, and a feeder 4 in a bent structure is provided on the outer wall of the capsule 1, and a metal shorting nail 5 connecting the feeder 4 and the metal floor 2 is provided at the end of the feeder 4.
胶囊1呈直径为10mm的圆柱状，馈线4为端口阻抗50Ω的微带馈线。The capsule 1 is in the shape of a cylinder with a diameter of 10mm, and the feeder 4 is a microstrip feeder with a port impedance of 50Ω.
其适用于人体环境，结合胶囊1特殊构造，将介电常数εr为3.15、厚度为0.12mm的柔性介质作为胶囊壁，形成圆柱结构。It is suitable for the human body environment, combined with the special structure of the capsule 1, a flexible medium with a dielectric constant ε r of 3.15 and a thickness of 0.12 mm is used as the capsule wall to form a cylindrical structure.
金属地板2构建在胶囊1内壁，与胶囊1内部空气介质6直接接触；金属地板2上设“q”字形槽线3，槽线3各部分宽度一致，且末端开路。The metal floor 2 is built on the inner wall of the capsule 1, and is in direct contact with the air medium 6 inside the capsule 1; the metal floor 2 is provided with a "q"-shaped groove line 3, and the width of each part of the groove line 3 is the same, and the end is open.
微带馈线构建在胶囊1外壁，采用弯折结构，微带馈线与胶囊1外部人体组织7直接接触。The microstrip feeder is built on the outer wall of the capsule 1 and adopts a bent structure. The microstrip feeder is in direct contact with the external human tissue 7 of the capsule 1 .
金属短路钉5位于微带馈线末端，连接微带馈线与金属地板2，金属短路钉5摆放位置靠近“q”字形槽线3边沿。The metal shorting nail 5 is located at the end of the microstrip feeder, connecting the microstrip feeder and the metal floor 2, and the metal shorting nail 5 is placed close to the edge of the "q"-shaped groove line 3.
本发明的工作原理如下：The working principle of the present invention is as follows:
如图4所示为天线的仿真S参数图。本发明的天线具有很好的双频带性能，在MedRadio频段带宽达到16.1％，频带覆盖0.366到0.430GHz；在ISM频段带宽达到47％，频带覆盖0.756到1.22GHz。Figure 4 shows the simulated S-parameter diagram of the antenna. The antenna of the invention has good dual-band performance, the MedRadio frequency band bandwidth reaches 16.1%, and the frequency band covers 0.366 to 0.430GHz; the ISM frequency band bandwidth reaches 47%, and the frequency band covers 0.756 to 1.22GHz.
仿真过程中，柔性介质围成的胶囊1直径为10mm，与现有胶囊1内窥镜尺寸一致；人体组织7用皮肤组织的介电系数和电导率设置，参数随频率不断变化；人体组织7尺寸设定为180mm×180mm×60mm(长×宽×高)以模拟人体胸腔；槽线3和微带馈线的长度决定了天线的谐振频点；金属短路钉5的摆放位置对阻抗匹配起决定性作用。During the simulation process, the diameter of the capsule 1 surrounded by the flexible medium is 10 mm, which is consistent with the size of the existing capsule 1 endoscope; the human tissue 7 is set by the dielectric coefficient and conductivity of the skin tissue, and the parameters change with the frequency; the size of the human tissue 7 is set to 180mm×180mm×60mm (length×width×height) to simulate the human chest cavity; the length of the slot line 3 and the microstrip feeder determines the resonant frequency point of the antenna;
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| CN111082222B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-12-17 | 京信通信技术(广州)有限公司 | Antenna device and antenna radiation unit |
| CN111012290A (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2020-04-17 | 浙江清华柔性电子技术研究院 | Conformal capsule antenna structure, preparation method and wireless capsule endoscope system |
| CN111885355A (en) * | 2020-07-21 | 2020-11-03 | 深圳市资福医疗技术有限公司 | Communication method of capsule endoscope |
| CN115882213B (en) * | 2023-02-15 | 2023-05-23 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Cylindrical dual-band antenna and electronic equipment |
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| CN108736126A (en) | 2018-11-02 |
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