CN108715976B - Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel plate and a preparation method thereof, wherein the steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.12 to 0.25% of C, 0.2 to 0.4% of Si, 1.0 to 2.5% of Mn, 0.007 to 0.01% of P, 0.10 to 0.20% of Ti, 0.0015 to 0.003% of S, 0.15 to 0.30% of Ni, 0 to 0.01% of Mo, 0.01 to 0.02% of Nb0.10 to 0.40% of Cr, 0 to 0.01% of V, 0.008 to 0.010% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps: smelting, steel ingot heating, rolling and heat treatment. The steel plate structure finally obtained is a complex phase structure of lath martensite and Ti-Zr-C particles. The grain size of the Ti-Zr-C is 1-5 mu m, the hardness of the steel plate is 395-430 HV, and the wear resistance is superior to that of common wear-resistant steel of the same grade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloy steel, and particularly relates to a medium-thickness high-hardness high-wear-resistance (Ti, Zr) C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The wear-resistant steels are classified into manganese steel series and alloy wear-resistant steel series. The manganese steel type wear-resistant steel is used under the condition of high stress, and the surface is processed and hardened by strong impact load or extrusion load, so that the material is tough and has the same strength and toughness. The service conditions of most wear-resistant steels are low stress working conditions, so that the alloy wear-resistant steels are alloyed by alloy or microalloy elements such as Mn, Cr, Mo and the like, and martensite or bainite wear-resistant steels with high toughness and toughness are obtained. The improvement of the wear resistance of the alloy type wear resistant steel is assisted by the increase of the content of C and alloy elements, which deteriorates the welding, processing and use performance of the material. In order to improve the wear resistance of steel without obviously increasing the content of alloy elements, a new thought of 'TiC particle reinforced complex phase structure high-plasticity wear-resistant steel plate' is recently proposed, however, the newly designed wear-resistant steel has some defects, for example, CN105018844A, "Low cost high toughness super wear-resistant steel and its preparation method" CN104388821A "TiC particle reinforced multiphase structure high plasticity wear-resistant steel plate and its manufacturing method" CN105483539A "a superhard particle reinforced austenite wear-resistant steel plate and its manufacturing method", wherein the composition is designed with very high Ti content or C content for improving wear resistance under the same hardness condition, and TiC as single reinforcing phase has a particle density greatly different from the steel phase density, the TiC particles are easy to be partially polymerized when formed in molten steel, so that the size of the TiC particles in the steel is large, the size of the TiC particles cannot be effectively regulated and controlled in the heat treatment process, and the residual stress in a steel plate is easy to be unevenly distributed. At present, the research of Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel is not available, and the invention adopts Ti and Zr for compounding and carries out more reasonable component design and process path design so as to improve the particle size and distribution uniformity of particles and simultaneously improve the hardness and wear resistance of the wear-resistant steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a Ti-Zr-C granular wear-resistant steel plate with high hardness, high wear resistance and low cost. The steel plate has a structure of a complex phase structure of lath martensite and Ti-Zr-C particles. The grain size of the Ti-Zr-C is 1-5 mu m, the hardness of the steel plate is 395-430 HV, and the wear resistance is superior to that of common wear-resistant steel of the same grade.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel plate comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.12 to 0.25% of C, 0.2 to 0.4% of Si, 1.0 to 2.5% of Mn, 0.007 to 0.01% of P, 0.10 to 0.20% of Ti, 0.0015 to 0.003% of S, 0.15 to 0.30% of Ni, 0 to 0.01% of Mo, 0.01 to 0.02% of Nb, 0.10 to 0.40% of Cr, 0 to 0.01% of V, 0.008 to 0.010% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Wherein the sum of the mass percentages of Ti and Zr satisfies the following relational expression:
0.214C +0.057Mn +0.086Ni +0.129Cr ≤ Ti + Zr ≤ 0.225C +0.029Mn +0.058Ni +0.159Cr, wherein each element in the relationship represents the weight percentage of the corresponding element in the steel sheet.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel plate, which sequentially comprises the following steps: smelting, casting, heating, controlled rolling and heat treatment;
wherein:
1) heating: heating the steel ingot in a heating furnace at 1200-1250 ℃ for 1-3 h;
2) controlling rolling: rough rolling for 2-5 times, finish rolling for 2-5 times, and air cooling the rolled steel plate to room temperature;
3) heat treatment of the steel plate: and (3) quenching at the heating temperature of 880-920 ℃ for 20-50 min, heating, then water-quenching to room temperature, tempering at the heating temperature of 200-600 ℃, heating for 30-70 min, heating, and then air-cooling to room temperature.
In more detail, a method for manufacturing a (Ti, Zr) C particle reinforced wear resistant steel plate, the method comprising the steps of:
1) the components are cast into steel ingots after steelmaking, the steel ingots with the set component control range are heated and rolled, the heating temperature is controlled to be 1200-1250 ℃, and the heating time is 1-3 hours;
2) rolling the steel ingot into a 12mm plate after heating, wherein the rough rolling initial rolling temperature is 1050-1120 ℃, the pass reduction rate is 31%, the cumulative reduction rate is 62%, the finish rolling initial rolling temperature is 950 ℃, the pass reduction rate is 20%, the cumulative reduction rate is 40%, and the rolled steel plate is air-cooled to room temperature;
3) carrying out quenching and tempering treatment on the steel plate cooled to room temperature, wherein the quenching heating temperature is 900 ℃, the heating time is 20-50 min, the water quenching is carried out to the room temperature, the tempering heating temperature is 200-400 ℃, the heating time is 30-70 min, and the steel plate is air-cooled to the room temperature after tempering.
The invention has the advantages that:
1) low carbon, low titanium and micro zirconium. The low carbon can reduce the carbon equivalent of the steel, the low titanium can reasonably reduce the size of a particle reinforced phase while improving the wear resistance, the zirconium can prevent austenite grains from growing and refining a structure, the physical properties of ZrC and TiC are close to each other and are easily coherent with TiC, the ZrC density is 6.70g/cm3The density of the TiC eutectic phase is close to that of the molten steel, and the TiC eutectic phase is favorable for uniform distribution of the reinforcing phase in the molten steel.
2) Good tissue homogeneity. The microalloying of titanium, zirconium and niobium can prevent austenite grains from growing and refining the structure and improve the uniformity of the structure. Meanwhile, the hardenability is improved by designing elements such as zirconium, molybdenum, chromium and the like, and the nonuniformity of the surface-core structure is improved.
3) The particle-reinforced phase is suitably sized and uniformly distributed. Reasonable component design, rolling and heat treatment processes are adopted to reasonably control the particle size and distribution of the Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced phase, the particle size of the Ti-Zr-C particle is 1-5 mu m, and the reinforced phase in the steel has no obvious agglomeration phenomenon.
4) Higher hardness and wear resistance. The highest surface hardness of the steel plate can reach 430HV, and the highest wear resistance can be increased by 23.8 percent compared with that of the wear-resistant steel of the same grade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron micrograph of a conventional wear-resistant steel in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of Ti-Zr-C particles in the particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel in example 1;
FIG. 3 is an EDS diagram of the particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope image of Ti-Zr-C particles in the particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel of example 2;
FIG. 5 is an EDS diagram of the particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel of example 2;
FIG. 6 is a scanning electron microscope image of Ti-Zr-C particles in the particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel of example 3;
FIG. 7 is an EDS map of the particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel of example 3.
Detailed Description
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. Unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features. The description is only for the purpose of facilitating understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as specifically limiting the present invention.
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the detailed description.
Example 1
Particle reinforced wear-resistant steel:
the chemical components of the particle reinforced wear-resistant steel comprise, by weight, 0.22% of C, 0.25% of Si, 0.98% of Mn, 0.22% of Ni, 0.016% of Nb, 0.17% of Ti, 0.20% of Cr, 0.0012% of B, 0.009% of Zr, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the steel ingot size is 80 x 100 x 300mm3。
Heating the steel ingot at 1220 ℃ for 2h, and performing two-stage controlled rolling. The initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1087 ℃, the 2-pass deformation is 62%, and the thickness of the intermediate billet is controlled to be 30 mm. The initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 956 ℃, and the final product thickness is 12mm after 2-pass rolling. And air cooling to room temperature after finishing rolling.
And quenching the steel plate cooled to room temperature at 900 ℃, heating for 30min, and then water-quenching to room temperature.
And (3) carrying out tempering heat treatment at 200 ℃ on the quenched steel plate, wherein the heating time is 50min, the surface hardness of the steel plate is 431HVHV, and the abrasion performance is tested on an abrasion tester, and the weight loss is 0.0623 g. The scanning electron microscope image of the obtained wear-resistant steel plate is shown in fig. 2, the EDS image is shown in fig. 3, the appearance and the size of Ti-Zr-C particles in the steel plate after tempering heat treatment at 200 ℃ after quenching can be seen from fig. 2, the particle size is about 1.5 mu m, no agglomeration phenomenon exists, and the composition of the particles mainly comprises Zr, Ti and C can be seen from fig. 3.
Common wear-resistant steel:
the chemical components of the common wear-resistant steel are, by weight, 0.17% of C, 0.22% of Si, 1.18% of Mn, 0.23% of Ni0.012% of Ti, 0.36% of Cr, 0.002% of B, 0.2% of Mo, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the size of the steel ingot is 80 x 100 x 300mm3。
Heating the steel ingot at 1220 ℃ for 2h, and performing two-stage controlled rolling. The initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1091 ℃, the 2-pass deformation is 62%, and the thickness of the intermediate billet is controlled to be 30 mm. The initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 952 ℃, and the final product thickness is 12mm after 2-pass rolling. And air cooling to room temperature after finishing rolling.
And quenching the steel plate cooled to room temperature at 900 ℃, heating for 30min, and then water-quenching to room temperature.
And (3) carrying out tempering heat treatment at 200 ℃ on the quenched steel plate, wherein the heating time is 50min, the surface hardness of the steel plate is 444HV, and the abrasion performance is tested on an abrasion tester, and the weight loss is 0.0714 g. The scanning electron micrograph of the obtained steel plate is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the structure of the conventional wear-resistant steel is lath martensite.
Example 2
Particle reinforced wear-resistant steel:
the chemical components of the particle reinforced wear-resistant steel comprise, by weight, 0.22% of C, 0.25% of Si, 0.98% of Mn, 0.22% of Ni, 0.016% of Nb, 0.17% of Ti, 0.20% of Cr, 0.0012% of B, 0.009% of Zr, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the steel ingot size is 80 x 100 x 300mm3。
Heating the steel ingot at 1220 ℃ for 2h, and performing two-stage controlled rolling. The initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1087 ℃, the 2-pass deformation is 62%, and the thickness of the intermediate billet is controlled to be 30 mm. The initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 956 ℃, and the final product thickness is 12mm after 2-pass rolling. And air cooling to room temperature after finishing rolling.
And quenching the steel plate cooled to room temperature at 900 ℃, heating for 30min, and then water-quenching to room temperature.
And (3) carrying out tempering heat treatment at 300 ℃ on the quenched steel plate, wherein the heating time is 50min, the surface hardness of the steel plate is 406HV, the abrasion performance is tested on an abrasion tester, and the weight loss is 0.0684 g. The scanning electron microscope image of the obtained wear-resistant steel plate is shown in FIG. 4, the EDS image is shown in FIG. 5, the shape and the size of Ti-Zr-C particles in the steel plate after 300 ℃ tempering heat treatment after quenching can be seen from FIG. 4, the particle size is about 2 mu m, no agglomeration phenomenon exists, and the composition of the particles mainly comprises Zr, Ti and C can be seen from FIG. 5.
Common wear-resistant steel:
the chemical components of the common wear-resistant steel are, by weight, 0.17% of C, 0.22% of Si, 1.18% of Mn, 0.23% of Ni0.012% of Ti, 0.36% of Cr, 0.002% of B, 0.2% of Mo, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the size of the steel ingot is 80 x 100 x 300mm3。
Heating the steel ingot at 1220 ℃ for 2h, and performing two-stage controlled rolling. The initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1091 ℃, the 2-pass deformation is 62%, and the thickness of the intermediate billet is controlled to be 30 mm. The initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 952 ℃, and the final product thickness is 12mm after 2-pass rolling. And air cooling to room temperature after finishing rolling.
And quenching the steel plate cooled to room temperature at 900 ℃, heating for 30min, and then water-quenching to room temperature.
And (3) carrying out tempering heat treatment at 300 ℃ on the quenched steel plate, wherein the heating time is 50min, the surface hardness of the steel plate is 425HV, and the abrasion performance is tested on an abrasion tester, and the weight loss is 0.0861 g.
Example 3
Particle reinforced wear-resistant steel:
the chemical components of the particle reinforced wear-resistant steel comprise, by weight, 0.22% of C, 0.25% of Si, 0.98% of Mn, 0.22% of Ni, 0.016% of Nb, 0.17% of Ti, 0.20% of Cr, 0.0012% of B, 0.009% of Zr, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the steel ingot size is 80 x 100 x 300mm3。
Heating the steel ingot at 1220 ℃ for 2h, and performing two-stage controlled rolling. The initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1087 ℃, the 2-pass deformation is 62%, and the thickness of the intermediate billet is controlled to be 30 mm. The initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 956 ℃, and the final product thickness is 12mm after 2-pass rolling. And air cooling to room temperature after finishing rolling.
And quenching the steel plate cooled to room temperature at 900 ℃, heating for 30min, and then water-quenching to room temperature.
And (3) carrying out 400 ℃ tempering heat treatment on the quenched steel plate, wherein the heating time is 50min, the surface hardness of the steel plate is 395HV, the abrasion performance is tested on an abrasion tester, and the weight loss is 0.0685 g. The scanning electron microscope image of the obtained wear-resistant steel plate is shown in FIG. 6, the EDS image is shown in FIG. 7, as can be seen from FIG. 6, the morphology and the size of Ti-Zr-C particles in the steel plate after 400 ℃ tempering heat treatment after quenching are about 4-5 mu m, no agglomeration phenomenon exists, and as can be seen from FIG. 7, the components of the particles mainly comprise Zr, Ti and C.
Common wear-resistant steel:
the chemical components of the common wear-resistant steel are, by weight, 0.17% of C, 0.22% of Si, 1.18% of Mn, 0.23% of Ni0.012% of Ti, 0.36% of Cr, 0.002% of B, 0.2% of Mo, the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities, and the size of the steel ingot is 80 x 100 x 300mm3。
Heating the steel ingot at 1220 ℃ for 2h, and performing two-stage controlled rolling. The initial rolling temperature of rough rolling is 1091 ℃, the 2-pass deformation is 62%, and the thickness of the intermediate billet is controlled to be 30 mm. The initial rolling temperature of finish rolling is 952 ℃, and the final product thickness is 12mm after 2-pass rolling. And air cooling to room temperature after finishing rolling.
And quenching the steel plate cooled to room temperature at 900 ℃, heating for 30min, and then water-quenching to room temperature.
And (3) carrying out 400 ℃ tempering heat treatment on the quenched steel plate, wherein the heating time is 50min, the surface hardness of the steel plate is 400HV, and the abrasion performance is tested on an abrasion tester, and the weight loss is 0.0899 g.
The scanning electron microscope photo of the common wear-resistant steel shows a martensite lath structure, and the scanning electron microscope photo of the tempered particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel shows that a large amount of Ti-Zr-C particles exist besides the martensite lath, the particle size of the particles is 1-5 mu m, the particles are uniformly distributed, and no obvious agglomeration phenomenon exists.
From the above embodiments, the manufacturing method of the Ti-Zr-C particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel can produce the particle-reinforced wear-resistant steel with high hardness and high wear resistance by adopting rolling, quenching and tempering processes through reasonable component design.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and are not limited. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the Ti-Zr-C particle reinforced wear-resistant steel plate is characterized in that the chemical composition of the wear-resistant steel plate is as follows by weight percent: 0.22% of C, 0.25% of Si, 0.98% of Mn, 0.22% of Ni, 0.016% of Nb, 0.17% of Ti, 0.20% of Cr, 0.0012% of B, 0.009% of Zr, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
the preparation method sequentially comprises the following steps: smelting, casting, heating, controlled rolling and heat treatment;
wherein:
1) heating: heating the steel ingot in a heating furnace at 1200-1250 ℃ for 1-3 h;
2) controlling rolling: rough rolling for 2-5 times, finish rolling for 2-5 times, and air cooling the rolled steel plate to room temperature;
3) heat treatment of the steel plate: and (3) quenching at the heating temperature of 880-920 ℃ for 20-50 min, heating, then water-quenching to room temperature, tempering at the heating temperature of 200-600 ℃, heating for 30-70 min, heating, and then air-cooling to room temperature.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the obtained wear-resistant steel plate has a complex phase structure of lath martensite and Ti-Zr-C particles, the grain size of Ti-Zr-C is 1-5 μm, and the hardness of the steel plate is 395-430 HV.
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| JPH08134584A (en) * | 1994-11-04 | 1996-05-28 | Nippon Steel Corp | High-strength ferritic heat-resistant steel and method for producing the same |
| CN101497964A (en) * | 2009-03-02 | 2009-08-05 | 暨南大学 | High hardness and toughness low alloy abrasion resistant steel and use thereof |
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Inventor after: Ma Heng Inventor after: Wu Huibin Inventor after: Ning Bo Inventor after: Wang Zhongxue Inventor after: Li Tao Inventor after: Yu Quancheng Inventor before: Ma Heng Inventor before: Wu Huibin Inventor before: Ning Bo |
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Effective date of registration: 20210714 Address after: 271104 Shuangquan Road, Gangcheng District, Jinan City, Shandong Province Patentee after: LAIGANG GROUP YINSHAN SHAPED STEEL Co.,Ltd. Address before: 271104 No.99, Fuqian street, Gangcheng District, Laiwu City, Shandong Province Patentee before: SHANDONG IRON AND STEEL Co.,Ltd. |