CN108655021A - A kind of online failure evaluation sorter of corn seed based on machine vision - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of machine vision detection, in particular to a machine vision-based online damage identification and classification device for corn seeds. Including feeding device, conveying device, image acquisition device, classification device, control system, fixed-axis test bench, and recovery seed box. Its features are as follows: through the online damage recognition and classification device of corn seeds, it can collect dynamic images and realize the dynamic detection function of online damage recognition of corn seeds, and separate the damaged corn seeds from qualified corn seeds; a simple structure of the rotary table transmission mechanism is designed; A mechanism for removing unqualified corn seeds is designed, which can accurately and effectively remove unqualified corn seeds; an online damage identification and classification control system for corn seeds is designed; the invention has simple structure, accurate identification and classification, high efficiency and good effect. The fully automated online real-time detection of corn seeds can make the detection of agricultural products more mechanized, automated and intelligent.

Description

A device for online damage recognition and classification of corn seeds based on machine vision

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of machine vision detection, in particular to a machine vision-based online damage identification and classification device for corn seeds.

Background technique

As one of the important food crops in my country, corn has become the largest food crop in my country since 2012 and has a very important strategic position. Because corn seeds will be damaged by various factors such as mechanical damage during harvesting and storage, which directly affects the germination rate of corn seeds and corn yield, so the damage detection of corn seeds before sowing is essential. This process can ensure the germination rate of corn seeds, which is of great significance to the increase of corn yield.

Compared with manual inspection technology, machine vision inspection technology has the advantages of fast speed, high precision, and good repeatability, and has broad applications in the field of non-destructive inspection of agricultural product quality. The use of machine vision inspection technology to replace manual inspection is an inevitable trend in the development of automated classification. Research on grain appearance quality detection technology based on machine vision has high theoretical value and practical significance. At present, domestic research on corn seeds based on machine vision mainly focuses on the quality identification and grading of corn seeds, and mainly focuses on static detection, and there is no commercialized equipment for corn seed damage detection. The use of machine vision technology to detect and study the quality of grain appearance is of great significance to improve the market competitiveness of my country's grain.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a machine vision-based online damage recognition and classification device for corn seeds, so as to realize automatic online detection of corn seeds and separate damaged corn seeds from detected corn seeds.

A device for online damage recognition and classification of corn seeds based on machine vision, which mainly includes: feeding device [1], conveying device [2], image acquisition device [3], classification device [4], control system [5], Fixed-axis test bench [6], recovery seed box [7].

The feeding device consists of a finger clip seed metering device [8], a seed guide tube [11], an infrared radiation sensor [10], a transmission gear set [12], a stepper motor a and its driver [14], Mount [9], seed storage box [13] form. The finger clip seed metering device is installed vertically on the frame, the seed guide tube is installed at the seed meter outlet, the infrared radiation sensor is installed at both ends of the seed guide tube outlet, and the two gears of the transmission gear set are respectively connected to the stepping motor The output shaft and the intermediate shaft of the finger-clip seed metering device cooperate with the transmission.

The conveying device is composed of a transmission turntable [14], a transmission gear set [15], a stepping motor b and its driver [16]. The transmission turntable is installed on the fixed-axis test bench, and the middle of the transmission turntable and the fixed-axis test bench is connected by a bearing. The driving wheel of the gear set is installed on the output shaft of the stepping motor, and the driven wheel is bonded to the transmission turntable, concentric with the transmission turntable coaxial. The power is output through the stepping motor, and the gear transmission is used to reduce the speed and increase the torque, so as to drive the transmission turntable to rotate.

The image acquisition device is composed of an LED ring light source [17], a camera [18], and a connecting screw [19]. The LED ring light source is installed on the camera lens and is coaxial with the camera optical axis, the camera optical axis is perpendicular to the transmission turntable of the conveying device, and the connecting screw fixes the camera on the fixed-axis test bench.

The classification device, the classification device is divided into two mechanisms, a damaged seed removal mechanism [20] and a qualified seed recovery mechanism [21], specifically composed of a seed drop groove [22], an open and close bottom cover [23], a closed Page, magnet, stepper motor c[24], driving lever, connecting screw rod[25] form. On the transfer turntable of the conveying device, 8 circular holes are separated, and the angle between the centers of every two adjacent holes is 45°. The seed drop groove is connected with the opening and closing bottom cover, and the opening and closing bottom cover is installed on the lower side of the seed dropping groove through a hinge. The two magnets are respectively installed at the opening end of the opening and closing bottom cover and the slot at the bottom of the seed drop groove, and the angle with the hinge is 180°. The lever is connected with the output shaft of the stepping motor, and the stepping motor passes through The connecting screw is connected to the fixed axis of the fixed axis test bench.

The control system includes: a computer, a single-chip microcomputer, an image acquisition and processing system, a stepping motor drive hardware part, a power control system software part, and image detection and judgment results are transmitted to the power control system in real time.

The fixed-axis test bench is a test bench with a shaft diameter of 10 mm and a weight of 2.5 kg.

The recovery seed box includes a recovery seed box for qualified seeds and a recovery seed box for damaged corn seeds, which are respectively placed under the open and close bottom cover at the position where damaged seeds are removed and under the open and close bottom cover at the unified recovery position for qualified seeds.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

(1) The present invention is based on machine vision detection technology, and is designed for the problem of damage to corn seeds caused by various factors in the process of growth, harvesting, storage, etc., and can effectively separate the damaged corn seeds from the detected corn seeds Come out to achieve the purpose of corn seed selection. (2) It can realize the fully automatic online real-time detection of corn seeds, without manual labor, and make the detection of agricultural products more mechanized, automated and intelligent.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an online damage recognition and classification device for corn seeds based on machine vision.

Figure 2 is a feeding device of an online damage recognition and classification device for corn seeds based on machine vision.

Fig. 3 is a conveying device of an online damage recognition and classification device for corn seeds based on machine vision.

Fig. 4 is an image acquisition device of an online damage recognition and classification device for corn seeds based on machine vision.

Fig. 5 is a classification device of an online damage recognition and classification device for corn seeds based on machine vision.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments given by the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, an online damage recognition and classification device for corn seeds based on machine vision mainly includes a feeding device [1], a conveying device [2], an image acquisition device [3], a classification device [4], and a control system [5] ], axis-fixed test bench [6], recovery seed box [7].

Referring to Figure 2, a machine vision-based feeding device for online damage identification and classification of corn seeds mainly includes a finger-clip seed metering device [8], a seed introduction tube [11], an infrared beam sensor [10], a transmission Gear set [12], stepper motor a and its driver [14], seat frame [9], seed storage box [13].

Referring to FIG. 3 , a machine vision-based conveying device for on-line damage recognition and classification of corn seeds. It mainly includes: transmission turntable [14], transmission gear set [15], stepper motor b and its driver [16].

Referring to Fig. 4, an image acquisition device of an online damage recognition and classification device for corn seeds based on machine vision mainly includes: LED ring light source [17], camera [18], and connecting screw [19].

Referring to Fig. 5, a sorting device based on a machine vision-based on-line damage recognition and sorting device for corn seeds mainly includes two mechanisms: a damaged seed removal mechanism [20] and a qualified seed recovery mechanism [21], specifically composed of a seed drop groove [ 22], opening and closing bottom cover [23], hinge, magnet, stepper motor c [24], driving lever, connecting screw rod [25] form.

When working: the stepping motor a of the feeding part drives the seed metering device to perform periodic intermittent single-grain seeding, and the stepping motor b drives the transmission turntable to perform clockwise intermittent movement, and the two movements are kept synchronous to ensure that the single corn seed can Through the seed guide tube, it falls smoothly into the seed drop groove. When the corn seeds pass through the seed guide tube, the infrared sensor is triggered to cause an external interruption, and the signal is transmitted to the host computer. The stepping motor b drives the transmission turntable to rotate 45° to transport the corn seeds. to the image acquisition device, the host computer controls the camera to collect images of corn seeds, and sends the collected images back to the host computer. After the host computer judges the eligibility of the corn seeds, if the corn seeds are judged to be damaged, the host computer controls the stepping The motor c drives the driving lever to rotate 90°, and the opening and closing bottom cover is opened, so that the damaged corn seeds fall into the recovery seed box below, thereby completing the removal action of the damaged corn seeds. Qualified corn will rotate 180° with the transfer turntable, and when it arrives at the qualified seed recovery mechanism, the bottom cover will be opened by the fixed lever, and the qualified seeds will fall into the qualified seed recovery seed box below, and the transfer turntable will continue to rotate 90° clockwise When the next fixed driving lever position is reached, the opening and closing bottom covers in the open state passed by the driving lever are uniformly closed. The transfer turntable continues to rotate clockwise to enter the next detection cycle.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of online failure evaluation sorter of corn seed based on machine vision, it is characterized in that：Including feeding unit [1], conveying device [2], image collecting device [3], sorter [4], control system [5], dead axle experimental bench [6], recycling kind Case [7]；

The feeding unit, by finger-clipping type seed metering device [8], grain conductor [11], infrared emission sensor [10], driving gear set [12], stepper motor a and its driving [14], mounting [9], seed-storage box [13] composition；Finger-clipping type seed metering device is vertically mounted on mounting On, grain conductor goes out mounted on feed mechanism for seed at kind of mouth, and infrared emission sensor is mounted on grain conductor and exports both ends, driving gear set Driving wheel connects stepper motor output shaft, and driven wheel connects finger-clipping type seed metering device jackshaft, the cooperation transmission of two gears；Its feature It is：Detect whether that seed process, gear set cooperation complete stepper motor and drive finger-clipping type seed metering device with infrared emission sensor Rotate seeding；

The conveying device is made of transmission turntable [14], driving gear set [15], stepper motor b and its driver [16]；Its It is characterized in：It transmits turntable to be mounted on dead axle experimental bench, transmits and connected by bearing among turntable and dead axle experimental bench, gear set Driving wheel be mounted on stepper motor output shaft on, driven wheel be mounted on transmission turntable on, with transmission turntable concentric co-axial；It is logical Stepper motor output power is crossed, using gear drive reduction of speed torque, transmission turntable rotation is driven, to realize the defeated of corn seed It send；Mode of movement is rotation conveying；

Described image harvester is made of LED annular light sources [17], camera [18], connecting screw [19]；LED annular light sources On camera lens, and it is coaxial with camera optical axis, and camera is fixed on dead axle experimental bench by connecting screw, makes camera optical axis It is vertical with the driving turntable of conveying device；It is characterized in that：LED annular light sources use yellow light, connecting screw to use screw thread with camera Connection, connecting screw are connect with the dead axle of dead axle experimental bench with cross clamp；

The sorter is divided into Liang Ge mechanisms, damaged seed rejecting mechanism [20] and certified seed recovering mechanism [21], specifically It is made of planting groove [22], folding bottom cover [23], hinge, stepper motor c [24], driving lever, connecting screw [25], magnet；Its It is characterized in that：8 circular holes are separated on the transmission turntable of conveying device, angle is between the center of circle of each two adjacent holes 45 °, planting groove is bonded in the downside of transmission turntable hole, the both sides of hinge are connected with planting groove and folding bottom cover respectively It connects, folding bottom cover is mounted on the downside of planting groove by hinge；2 blocks of magnet are separately mounted to folding bottom cover gab end and planting At the bottom end fluting of groove, the angle with hinge is 180 °, and driving lever is connected with the output shaft of stepper motor, and stepper motor passes through Connecting screw and cross clamp are connected on the dead axle of dead axle experimental bench；The installation angle of feeding unit and image collecting device is 45 °, the installation angle of image collecting device and sorter is 90 °, the damaged seed rejecting mechanism of sorter with qualified kind The driving lever installation angle of uncapping of sub- recovering mechanism is 90 °, the installation of the uncap driving lever and closure driving lever of certified seed recovering mechanism Angle is 90 °；

The control system its be mainly characterized by：With microcontroller to a kind of online failure evaluation of the corn seed based on machine vision Sorter is controlled；（1）Slave computer receives corn seed and passes through information, is transmitted to host computer, and host computer sends out signal, the next Machine controls image collecting device and shoots corn seed image；（2）The image of shooting is transmitted to host computer by slave computer, and host computer judges Whether corn seed is qualified, and sends court verdict to slave computer；（3）It is the next if testing result is broken corn seed The stepper motor c that the damaged seed of machine control rejects part drives driving lever to be rotated by 90 °, and damaged seed is rejected to the folding bottom cover of part It opens, damaged seed is fallen.

2. the online failure evaluation sorter of a kind of corn seed based on machine vision according to claim 1, It is characterized in that stepper motor b drives finger-clipping type seed metering device to carry out intermittent movement, stepper motor a drives conveying device to carry out interval fortune Dynamic, two intermittent movements synchronize, and the intermittent time according to detection process time length, determines ranging from 1-3s.

3. the online failure evaluation sorter of the according to claim a kind of corn seed based on machine vision, feature It is, mode of movement is that stepper motor drives driving gear set rotatably to be conveyed.

4. the online failure evaluation sorter of a kind of corn seed based on machine vision according to claim 1, special Sign is that sorter includes that damaged seed rejecting mechanism and certified seed recovering mechanism, rejecting mechanism are driven by stepper motor c Driving lever is rotated by 90 °, and opens folding bottom cover, broken corn seed is made to fall；The driving lever of uncapping of certified seed recovering mechanism will open and close Bottom cover is opened, and so that qualified corn seed is fallen in lower section recycling plants case, the closure driving lever of certified seed recovering mechanism will fall jade The folding bottom cover of rice seed closes, in being moved into next circle.

5. the online failure evaluation sorter of the according to claim a kind of corn seed based on machine vision, feature It is, when control system receives damaged seed signal, by controlling the rotation angle of stepper motor c to execute broken corn kind Sub- rejecting action.