CN102247952B

CN102247952B - Automatic fruit grading device

Info

Publication number: CN102247952B
Application number: CN 201110092455
Authority: CN
Inventors: 冯雷; 陈双双; 何勇
Original assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Current assignee: Zhejiang University ZJU
Priority date: 2011-04-13
Filing date: 2011-04-13
Publication date: 2013-09-25
Anticipated expiration: 2031-04-13
Also published as: CN102247952A

Abstract

An automatic fruit grading device. The grading device includes a box body. An input conveyor belt is installed on the upper part of the box body. The outlet of the input conveyor belt is located above the transparent buffer basket. The inner diameter of the triangular diverter is smaller than the outer diameter of the fruit to be graded, and a triangular diverter is arranged below it. The left side of the triangular diverter is located on the first output conveyor belt, and the right side of the triangular diverter is located on the second output conveyor belt. There is a rack at the bottom, the rack is meshed with the power gear, and the shaft of the power gear is rotatably installed on the box; the side of the transparent buffer basket is equipped with a spectral camera, which is connected to the intelligent grading and discrimination module for intelligent grading The judging module is connected with a forward and reverse control motor, the control motor is installed on the box body, and the output shaft of the control motor is connected with the rotating shaft of the power gear. The invention can reduce labor, improve production efficiency and improve reliability.

Description

The automatic grading of fruits device

Technical field

The invention belongs to the fruit quality checkout equipment, relate in particular to a kind of fruit grading device.

Background technology

Fruit pluck or transportation in, be subjected to the not breakage but injured surface has the deepening slightly of slight depression, color and luster of mechanical damage or injury region epidermis because the effect of external force makes its epidermis, naked eyes are difficult to perceive.Damaging, abrading is one of leading indicator of fruit grading, and along with the prolongation of time, the brown stain gradually of pars affecta branch finally causes whole fruit rot and influences other good fruits, has a strong impact on economic benefit.In the fruit grading standard, the tolerance of indexs such as fruit shape, defected surface, color, maturity, only the vision with the people is difficult to accurate differentiation, and the people uses eye for a long time, can cause the instability of visual fatigue and mood, cause the classification error big, reliability is low, and therefore traditional artificial classification has been subjected to great limitation; Secondly, it all is to diminish detection that traditional fruit internal quality detects, thereby can not test to whole fruit, can only adopt the method for sampling.Along with the development of agricultural automation degree and warmhouse booth technology, the output of China's fruit has significant raising, and not only the amount of labour is big for traditional artificial counting, productivity ratio is low, has been difficult to meet the demands.

Summary of the invention

Big for the complicate statistics, the amount of labour that overcome existing fruit grading technology, production efficiency is low, the deficiency of poor reliability, the invention provides a kind of automatic grading of fruits device that reduces the amount of labour, enhances productivity, improves reliability.

The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:

A kind of automatic grading of fruits device, described grading plant comprises casing, install in order to carry the entrance conveyor of fruit to be fractionated on described casing top, the outlet of described entrance conveyor is positioned at the top in order to the transparent caching hoop that cushions fruit, big up and small down horn-like of described transparent caching basketry, the bottom of described transparent caching basketry is provided with the elasticity outlet, and the internal diameter of described elasticity outlet is littler than described fruit external diameter to be fractionated; The below of described transparent caching hoop arranges the triangle steering gear, the limit, left side of described triangle steering gear is positioned on first exit conveyor, the right edge of described triangle steering gear is positioned on second exit conveyor, the bottom of described triangle steering gear has tooth bar, described tooth bar and power gear engagement, the rotating shaft of described power gear is installed in rotation on the casing; The side of described transparent caching hoop is installed the spectrum video camera, described spectrum video camera be connected for the intelligent classification discrimination module of certified products in order to judging whether according to spectrum picture, but described intelligent classification discrimination module is connected with the control motor of rotating, described control motor is installed on the casing, and the output shaft of described control motor is connected with the rotating shaft of described power gear.

Further, described casing is provided with in order to the upper hopper chute of placing entrance conveyor, in order to first gliding groove of placing first exit conveyor with in order to place second gliding groove of second exit conveyor.

Further again, on the described casing display is installed, described intelligent classification discrimination module be connected in order to the statistical module of adding up qualified fruit quantity and defective fruit quantity, described statistical module is connected with described display.

Technical conceive of the present invention is: high spectrum video camera assembly comprises imaging spectrometer, camera lens and image pick-up card, can record pictorial information and the spectral information of fruit simultaneously, wherein pictorial information can reflect the external sort feature of fruit, and spectral information can reflect the inside quality feature of fruit, and converts the analog signal that collects to data signal by image pick-up card.

By the spectral information threshold range of qualified fruit is set, belong in this threshold range when collecting current fruit to be fractionated, then judge to belong to qualified fruit; Do not belong in this threshold range when collecting current fruit to be fractionated, then judge to belong to defective fruit; And by control executing agency's (steering gear), make fruit transfer out by different output channels, realize classification.

Beneficial effect of the present invention mainly shows: reduce the amount of labour, enhance productivity, improve reliability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure chart of automatic grading of fruits device;

Fig. 2 is the automatic grading of fruits schematic representation of apparatus of unused state;

Fig. 3 is the working state schematic representation of automatic grading of fruits device.

The specific embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is further described.

With reference to Fig. 1～Fig. 3, a kind of automatic grading of fruits device, described grading plant comprises casing 1, the entrance conveyor 2 in order to carry fruit to be fractionated is installed on described casing 1 top, the outlet of described entrance conveyor 2 is positioned at the top in order to the transparent caching hoop 3 that cushions fruit, big up and small down horn-like of described transparent caching basketry 3, the bottom of described transparent caching basketry is provided with the elasticity outlet, and the internal diameter of described elasticity outlet is littler than described fruit external diameter to be fractionated; The below of described transparent caching hoop 3 arranges triangle steering gear 4, the limit, left side of described triangle steering gear 4 is positioned on first exit conveyor 5, the right edge of described triangle steering gear 4 is positioned on second exit conveyor 6, the bottom of described triangle steering gear 4 has tooth bar, described tooth bar and power gear 7 engagements, the rotating shaft of described power gear 7 is installed in rotation on the casing 1; The side of described transparent caching hoop 3 is installed spectrum video camera 8, described spectrum video camera 8 be connected for the intelligent classification discrimination module of certified products in order to judging whether according to spectrum picture, but described intelligent classification discrimination module is connected with the control motor of rotating, described control motor is installed on the casing 1, and the output shaft of described control motor is connected with the rotating shaft of described power gear 7.

Described casing 1 is provided with in order to the upper hopper chute of placing entrance conveyor, in order to first gliding groove of placing first exit conveyor with in order to place second gliding groove of second exit conveyor.

Display 9 is installed on the described casing 1, described intelligent classification discrimination module be connected in order to the statistical module of adding up qualified fruit quantity and defective fruit quantity, described statistical module is connected with described display 9.

In the present embodiment, but the control motor of rotating is preferably servomotor, certainly, also can adopt the control motor of other types.

The fruit that needs classification is separated certain distance to be placed on the entrance conveyor 1, by entrance conveyor motor-driven entrance conveyor 1, make fruit by diagram motion from left to right, fall in the transparent caching basketry 3, transparent caching basketry 3 bottoms are made up of transparent resilient plastic foil.When fruit in transparent caching basketry 3 in an instant, the spectrum video camera is taken high spectrum image to fruit, and judges by program whether this fruit qualified.Steering gear power gear 7 can drive steering gear 4 move left and right by motor-driven, and guiding is fallen into different conveyer belts by the fruit of classification.The first exit conveyor motor-driven, first exit conveyor 5 makes qualified fruit from right past left movement, and the second exit conveyor motor-driven, second exit conveyor 6 moves defective fruit from left to right.In classification process, process analysis is also recorded the quantity of defective fruit and qualified fruit, and be presented at respectively on the LCD display 9.

In Fig. 1, entrance conveyor 1, second exit conveyor 7 and first exit conveyor 8 must be the products that meets the food production safety standard, can guarantee not contain hazardous substance through the fruit of classification of the present invention, the entrance conveyor chute, the first exit conveyor chute and the second exit conveyor chute are formed by the outer case perforate, the conveyer belt rotating shaft is installed in the chute, make the conveyer belt can be along runner movement, realize expansion and the function of shrinking, machine shaft is installed with the conveyer belt rotating shaft is vertical, the centre is connected by gear, to reach the purpose of compact conformation, the entrance conveyor motor, the second exit conveyor motor and the first exit conveyor motor are controlled the operation of each conveyer belt respectively, the assembly of spectrum video camera 8 is by imaging spectrometer, camera lens and image pick-up card constitute, wherein the model of imaging spectrometer is V10E-QE, obtain continuous fruit spectrum picture in specific spectral region simultaneously with high spectral resolution, its the most basic function is exactly that optical signal is transformed into the orderly signal of telecommunication, the model of camera lens is OLE-23, realize that zoom function makes that the view data of gathering is more clear, image pick-up card is the Matrox Meteor II/Standard image pick-up card of Canadian Matrox company development and production, it is that the analog signal that imaging spectrometer collects is carried out digitized processing and imported it interface card of computer into, transparent caching basketry 3 bottom buffer strips are made up of transparent and resilient plastic foil, convenient high spectrum carries out data acquisition to fruit, and the purpose of slowing down fruits is arranged, avoid fruit in dropping process, to cause damage, influence classification counting effect, steering gear power gear 7 is controlled by servomotor, can realize the positive and negative rotation in the certain angle, the suitable distance of control steering gear move left and right, triangle steering gear 4 constitutes a gear ﹠ rack structure with steering gear power gear 7, steering gear is move left and right under the drive of steering gear power gear, when the triangle pinnacle of a pagoda of steering gear moves to right to buffering right side, basketry lower part outlet edge, the fruit that drops will move on first exit conveyor, when the triangle pinnacle of a pagoda of steering gear moves to left to left side, buffering basketry lower part outlet edge, the fruit that drops will move on second exit conveyor, LCD display 9 shows defective and qualified fruit quantity respectively, when a fruit enters the buffering basketry after high-spectral data is gathered, be that qualified fruit hour counter will add on the LCD display that is presented at the left side in the lump automatically through process analysis, corresponding counter will add automatically and be presented in the lump among the right LCD when process analysis is defective fruit.

In Fig. 2, when not using this fruit grading counting device, can entrance conveyor 1, first exit conveyor 8, second exit conveyor 7 be contracted to position as shown in the figure by upper hopper chute, first gliding groove, second gliding groove, make things convenient for the user to deposit.

In Fig. 3, the overall work effect as shown in the figure.

Claims

1. An automatic fruit grading device, characterized in that: the grading device includes a box, the upper part of the box is installed with an input conveyor belt for transporting fruits to be classified, and the outlet of the input conveyor belt is located at the Above the transparent buffer basket, the transparent buffer basket is in the shape of a trumpet with a large top and a small bottom. The lower part of the transparent buffer basket is provided with an elastic outlet, and the inner diameter of the elastic outlet is smaller than the outer diameter of the fruit to be graded. Small; a triangular diverter is set under the transparent buffer basket, the left side of the triangular diverter is located on the first output conveyor belt, the right side of the triangular diverter is located on the second output conveyor belt, and the triangular diverter is located on the second output conveyor belt. There is a rack at the bottom of the steering gear, the rack is engaged with the power gear, and the rotating shaft of the power gear is rotatably installed on the box body; a spectral camera is installed on the side of the transparent buffer basket, and the spectral The camera is connected with an intelligent grading and discrimination module for judging whether it is a qualified product according to the spectral image, and the intelligent grading and discrimination module is connected with a control motor that can be reversed, the control motor is installed on the box body, and the control motor The output shaft of the power gear is connected with the rotating shaft of the power gear; the box body is provided with an upper chute for placing the input conveyor belt, a first lower chute for placing the first output conveyor belt and a second output conveyor belt for placing the second Two sliding grooves; the control motor capable of forward and reverse rotation is a servo motor.

2. fruit automatic grading device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: display is installed on described casing, and described intelligent grading discriminating module is connected with the statistic module in order to count qualified fruit quantity and unqualified fruit quantity, so The statistics module is connected with the display.