CN108606188A - A kind of bighead functionality expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of bighead functionality expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108606188A CN108606188A CN201810433090.1A CN201810433090A CN108606188A CN 108606188 A CN108606188 A CN 108606188A CN 201810433090 A CN201810433090 A CN 201810433090A CN 108606188 A CN108606188 A CN 108606188A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
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- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000013538 functional additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
- A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/174—Vitamins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K40/00—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K40/10—Shaping or working-up of animal feeding-stuffs by agglomeration; by granulation, e.g. making powders
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
- Y02A40/818—Alternative feeds for fish, e.g. in aquacultures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Physiology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Birds (AREA)
- Fodder In General (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bighead functionality expanded pellet diets and preparation method thereof, feedstuff composition includes fish meal, meat meal tankage, dregs of beans, cotton dregs, corn protein powder, wheat flour, soybean oil, fish oil, soyabean lecithin oil, composite feeding promoting agent, functional additive, carnitine, choline chloride, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, composite mineral matter, multi-vitamins.Preparation method is that various raw materials pulverize and sieve, separating twice, then secondary sieving mixes, and in mixed process plus then water, control water content are squeezed out by double screw extruder, and expanded pellet diet is made；Finally by squeezing plasmid, soybean oil even application to feed granules surface is obtained bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet by trypsin method technology.Feed provided by the invention had not only improved bighead grazing rate but also had improved its immunity function, while the indexs such as the bighead muscle strength of feed feeding, freshness, mouthfeel are significantly improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to aquaculture fields, and in particular to a kind of bighead functionality expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Bighead also known as variegated carp, one of four large Chinese carps, category Osteichthyes, Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae, its head of silver carp subfamily are big and fertile,
Account for about the 1/3 of body length, it is also known as bullheads, have filter-feeding, mainly eat the zooplankters such as wheel animalcule, cladocera, Copepods, also eat
Part phytoplankton (such as diatom and blue algae) and man-made feeds.Bighead is all based on zooplankter from fry to adult fish stage
Food, and food phytoplankton, are the fish of typical plankton feeding habit.Bighead is the main object of pond culture and reservoir fishery
One of, economic value is higher, because bighead is sick less, medication is few, fine and tender taste especially head thorn is few, deep by consumers in general
Like.Therefore the food abundance for increasing bighead is the major measure for the total output for improving bighead, in addition to fertilising is cultivated in water
Outside zooplankter, it is the following inexorable trend for quickly increasing the fish crop manually to feed powdery compound feed raising bighead.In recent years
Lai Tongwei groups promote 2000 tons of bighead mixed feed, and the feedstuff feeding pattern that logical prestige share is promoted in South China at present is
"+151 puffing material of 133 powder " pattern, expanded pellet diet before half jin make because being difficult to be spued by throat in this stage
It is fed with 133 powders.And bighead has arrived after half jin, the spacing of bighead gill raker increases, and powder can be as flow be from the gill of increasing
Spacing discharge is harrowed, bighead is made to be reduced from the bait of external world's intake, to influence the growth of bighead, therefore uses 1mm " 151 " feed
It feeds；This project team uses breed variety to be raised together for megalobrama amblycephala, bighead, and subregion is taken to feed mixed feed pattern, bighead cultivation
Yield significantly improves.
Compared with traditional aquaculture model, bighead intensive culture has unit of water body yield high, and the culture-cycle is short, labour effect
The advantages that rate is high, expanded pellet diet bore, bighead food calling effect but the bighead nutritional need due to being lack of pertinence, bighead ingest
The research of fruit, resisting stress etc. causes these to attempt acquired effect than relatively limited.Meanwhile the high-density breeding of bighead
It there is problems：(1) how bighead expanding compound feed improves the quality of artificial breeding kind, in guarantee and wild varieties
While color and luster, the nutritive value of mixed feed cultivation bighead muscle is improved；(2) plant protein source is added in feed often to exist
The problem of palatability is poor, feed waste；(3) how high-density breeding bighead avoids the trophism such as outburst enteritis, liver and gall syndrome
Disease；(4) high-density breeding bighead improves anti-stress ability, and whole process avoids the use of antibiotic medicine, to reduce to cultivation water
The pollution of body.State Intellectual Property Office discloses a Publication No. CN102318783A, entitled " one kind in 2012.1.18
The invention of the expanding compound feed and preparation method thereof eaten suitable for bighead "；State Intellectual Property Office is in 2013.12.25 public affairs
A Publication No. CN103461712A is opened, the hair of entitled " a kind of Anti-parasitic-diseabighead bighead feed and preparation method thereof "
It is bright；State Intellectual Property Office discloses a Publication No. CN 105166457A, a kind of entitled " energy generation in 2015.12.23
For the bighead mixed feed of planktonic organism bait " invention；State Intellectual Property Office discloses a disclosure in 2016.05.04
It is entitled " a kind of expanding compound feed and preparation method thereof improving bighead intestinal health " number for CN 105166457A, this
Although a little mixed feeds can substantially meet the material requisite of the existence of bighead, growth and intestinal health, meet extensive intensive
Change the means suitable of cultivation, but can not take into account the feed of above-mentioned 4 points requirement.
So far, have some about glycine betaine, glycine, taurine and trimethylamine oxide, Chinese herbal medicine, microalgae powder and benefit
There is induction to ingest in aquaculture, enhance report that is immune and preventing disease effect for raw bacterium, but about phagostimulant, medium-height grass
Medicine, spirulina extract and the compatible use of probiotics, there is not been reported.Therefore a kind of safe efficient functionality of bighead is developed
Expanded pellet diet improves bighead food utilization efficiency and immunity function, while improving the indexs such as bighead muscle strength, freshness, mouthfeel,
It is of great significance to the sustainable development of bighead healthy aquaculture.
Invention content
It is an object of the invention to solve the problems, such as that local bighead is not yet whole at present to use expanding compound feed, the present invention
Providing a kind of can improve the bighead speed of growth and premunition, enhancing bighead nutritive value, the seaweed function of reducing environmental pollution
Property mixed feed, which efficiently solves that biological feed during current bighead high density is insufficient and existing bait battalion
Unbalanced problem is supported, and reduces the pollution and destruction in breeding process to environment, realizes the sustainable development of bighead aquaculture
Exhibition.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of bighead functionality expanding compound feed, in terms of parts by weight, raw material composition includes 5~8 parts of fish meal, meat meal tankage
5~10 parts, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans, 10~20 parts of cotton dregs, 20~30 parts of corn protein powder, 20~30 parts of wheat flour, soybean oil 2~
5 parts, 1~3 part of fish oil, 0.5~1 part of soyabean lecithin oil, 3~5 parts of composite feeding promoting agent, 2~6 parts of functional additive, carnitine 0.1
~0.3 part, 0.1~0.5 part of choline chloride, 2-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1~2 part of composite mineral matter, multi-vitamins 0.5~1
Part.
The present invention selects quality raw materials, while to being easy cultivation according to local bighead nutritional need and Physiology and biochemistry feature
Rotten raw material has carried out quality control.
Animal fat source：In the entire breeding process of bighead, Oil levels can reach 10 points or so, compared to others
Bighead patent of invention, in the selection of animal energy substance, the present invention based on the soybean oil that is unlikely to deteriorate, be added there is food calling
Property fish oil and soyabean lecithin oil combination, meet bighead to fat and aliphatic acid form the needs of.Soyabean lecithin oil mainly at
It is the important component of biomembrane that dividing, which has grease, phosphatide, choline, unsaturated fatty acid and vitamin E etc., phosphatide, is animal
Indispensable component part in brain, nerve fiber.The n-3 aliphatic acid (EPA, DHA) contained in fish oil is added in mixed feed
Its edible value can be improved by feeding bighead.
Carnitine and choline chloride：Carnitine is a kind of biostearin nutrients, it can promote fish growth, resisting stress to carry
High-survival rate promotes fat metabolism, and bighead liver pancreas can be made to keep normal reddish violet and normal hepatocytes pancreas volume size, again
Amount and normal state avoid that the metabolic diseases such as liver and gall syndrome occur.
Composite feeding promoting agent：Glycine betaine, glycine, taurine and trimethylamine oxide, glycine betaine, glycine and taurine are to fish
Class phagostimulating effect is natural strength palatability product clearly, and compatibility product has good phagostimulating effect；Oxidation three
Methylamine is distributed widely in the muscle of marine products bony fish in the raw oligochaetes animal body of mollusk (cuttlefish) and sea, not only has
There is special delicate flavour, can also reduce muscle fat content.
The present invention controls the factors such as feed to supporting by the way that specific functional additive substance is added in formula, from source
Grow animal cause stress, while protecting health of most important two organs of bighead from liver pancreas and enteron aisle, enhance fish itself
Immunity.
Further, the above bighead functionality expanded pellet diet, the functional additive include in terms of parts by weight
10~15 parts of vitamin C, 20~40 parts of spirulina extract, 10~20 parts of probiotics compound, 20~25 parts of Radix Astragali, gold and silver
Spend 5~10 parts and 8~12 parts of allicin.
Further, the probiotics compound includes bacillus subtilis, and specification is 50~500 × 109CFU/
g；Lactobacterium acidophilus, specification are 1~20 × 109CFU/g；Bacillus licheniformis 20~200 × 109CFU/g。
The combination of bacillus subtilis, lactobacterium acidophilus and bacillus licheniformis：The development of bighead intestinal health is protected, is safeguarded
The mesenterium ecological balance.Allicin has antivirus action, and has broad-spectrum antibacterial action, has to the growth of Escherichia coli etc.
There is inhibiting effect.Spirulina extract has bacteriostatic activity well, and antioxygenic property is good, and spirulina extract can improve bighead
Disease resistance and immunity, promote the cellular immunity of body.Vitamin C can improve resisting stress capability.The work(of the present invention
Energy property substance each component complements each other, and collaboration plays effect, particularly with the addition of spirulina extract, helps to improve bighead certainly
Body premunition and immunity ensure that Feed Energy whole process uses.
Further, the preparation method of spirulina extract described above is：Spirulina is freeze-dried, algae is crushed to obtain
Powder, by algae powder and the ethanol solution of mass concentration 90% according to 1g:The solid-liquid ratio of 10ml is uniformly mixed, and maintains the temperature at 60-70
DEG C, extracting solution, filtering and impurity removing are extracted 2-4 hours to obtain under stirring condition, the 10-20% that filter vacuum is concentrated under reduced pressure into original volume is obtained
Concentrate obtains spirulina extract after concentrate spray drying.
Further, the above bighead functionality expanding compound feed, the composite feeding promoting agent include in terms of parts by weight
20~30 parts of 20~30 parts of glycine betaine, 20~30 parts of glycine, 20~30 parts of taurine and trimethylamine oxide.
Further, crude protein content >=65% of the fish meal, Volatile Base Nitrogen >=120mg/100g, acid value >=
4mgKOH/g。
Further, the multi-vitamins are vitamin premix, and the vitamin premix is used for omnivorefish
Vitamin premix F21V.
Further, the composite mineral matter is mineral substance premix, and the mineral substance premix is used for omnivorefish
Microelement pre-mix material F29M.
The above omnivorefish can be selected from vitamin premix F21V and omnivorefish with microelement pre-mix material F29M
Guangdong Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd..
A method of the bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet described in any of the above item is prepared, is included the following steps：
(1) various raw materials are weighed according to the ratio first；
(2) and then by various raw materials it all crushes, crosses 40-60 mesh screens；Separating twice crosses 100-200 mesh screens；
(3) raw material after sieving is mixed, water is added in mixed process, makes material moisture in 20-40%, mixing
Between be 5-20min；
(4) mixed feed addition double screw extruder is squeezed out, extruding condition is：Screw speed is 200-
The barrel temperature of 300r/min, feed end, interlude and discharge end are 80-100 DEG C respectively, 100-130 DEG C, 120-140 DEG C, are made
Obtain expanded pellet diet；
(5) it by expanded pellet diet, is cooled down by squeezing plasmid, then by 80~120 DEG C of hot-air seasonings, then through room temperature, then
Through trypsin method technology by soybean oil even application to feed granules surface, it is puffing that cooling packing can be obtained bighead dedicated functionality
Feed.
Further, in step (3), water is added in mixed process, makes material moisture in 20-30%, incorporation time 10
~20min.
Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows：
1. the present invention from filtered out in currently used aquaculture immunopotentiator probiotics, spirulina extract, in
Herbal medicine and vitamin C are compounded according to specific proportioning, are used in bighead expanded pellet diet as functional additive, additive amount (weight
Measure percentage) it is only 1~3%, amount is small, the composition with obvious effects better than one-component and by other proportioning compoundings；
2. the functional additive of the present invention is not only obviously promoted bighead growth and immunity function, but also improves bighead liver pancreas
Dirty and intestinal health.
3. developing composite feeding promoting agent, the shortcoming of a certain product can be overcome, be complementary to one another, the work(of existing phagostimulant
Effect, and have effects that certain enhancing muscle nutrition value, residual bait is reduced, environmental protection is conducive to；
4. raw material sources stabilization, cheap, simple production process used in the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
It is further described with reference to specific embodiment.
Unless otherwise indicated, the preparation method of the spirulina extract involved in following embodiment is：Spirulina is freezed
Algae powder is dry, pulverize to obtain, by algae powder and the ethanol solution of mass concentration 90% according to 1g:The solid-liquid ratio of 10ml is uniformly mixed, and is protected
It holds temperature and extracts 2-4 hours to obtain extracting solution, filtering and impurity removing under 60-70 DEG C, stirring condition, filter vacuum is concentrated under reduced pressure into substance
Long-pending 10-20% obtains concentrate, and spirulina extract is obtained after concentrate spray drying.
For the probiotics compound main component used in following embodiment for bacillus subtilis, specification is 50~500
×109CFU/g；Lactobacterium acidophilus, specification are 1~20 × 109CFU/g；Bacillus licheniformis 20~200 × 109CFU/g。
Embodiment 1
Bighead functionality expanded pellet diet, raw material composition with parts by weight be calculated as 5 parts of fish meal, 5 parts of meat meal tankage, 10 parts of dregs of beans,
10 parts of cotton dregs, 20 parts of corn protein powder, 20 parts of wheat flour, 2 parts of soybean oil, 1 part of fish oil, 0.5 part of soyabean lecithin oil, compound food calling
3 parts of agent, 2 parts of functional additive, 0.1 part of carnitine, 0.1 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of composite mineral matter are multiple
Close 0.5 part of vitamin.
Wherein functional additive include 20 parts of 10 parts of vitamin C, spirulina extract in terms of parts by weight, it is prebiotic
8 parts of 10 parts of bacterium compound, 20 parts of Radix Astragali, 5 parts of honeysuckle and allicin.Composite feeding promoting agent includes the glycine betaine in terms of parts by weight
20 parts of 20 parts, 20 parts of glycine, 20 parts of taurine and trimethylamine oxide.Crude protein content >=65% of fish meal, volatility alkali
Nitrogen >=120mg/100g, acid value >=4mgKOH/g.
Multi-vitamins are vitamin premix, and vitamin premix is the omnivorefish of Guangdong Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd.
With vitamin premix F21V；Composite mineral matter is mineral substance premix, and mineral substance premix is that Guangdong leads to the limited public affairs of prestige feed
The omnivorefish of department microelement pre-mix material F29M.
The preparation method for preparing above-described bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet, includes the following steps：
(1) various raw materials are weighed according to the ratio first；
(2) and then by various raw materials it all crushes, crosses 40 mesh screens；Separating twice sieves with 100 mesh sieve net；
(3) raw material after sieving is mixed, in mixed process plus water, makes material moisture 20%, incorporation time
For 5min；(4) mixed feed addition double screw extruder is squeezed out, extruding condition is：Screw speed is 200r/
The barrel temperature of min, feed end, interlude and discharge end are 80 DEG C respectively, and 100 DEG C, 120 DEG C, expanded pellet diet is made；
(5) it by expanded pellet diet, is cooled down by squeezing plasmid, then by 80 DEG C of hot-air seasonings, then through room temperature, then through outer spray
For painting technology by soybean oil even application to feed granules surface, cooling packing can be obtained bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet.
Embodiment 2
Bighead functionality expanded pellet diet, raw material composition with parts by weight be calculated as 6 parts of fish meal, 7 parts of meat meal tankage, 12 parts of dregs of beans,
15 parts of cotton dregs, 23 parts of corn protein powder, 25 parts of wheat flour, 3 parts of soybean oil, 2 parts of fish oil, 0.6 part of soyabean lecithin oil, compound food calling
3 parts of agent, 3 parts of functional additive, 0.2 part of carnitine, 0.2 part of choline chloride, 2 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1 part of composite mineral matter are multiple
Close 0.7 part of vitamin.
Wherein functional additive include 25 parts of 12 parts of vitamin C, spirulina extract in terms of parts by weight, it is prebiotic
9 parts of 13 parts of bacterium compound, 22 parts of Radix Astragali, 6 parts of honeysuckle and allicin.Composite feeding promoting agent includes the glycine betaine in terms of parts by weight
25 parts of 23 parts, 22 parts of glycine, 23 parts of taurine and trimethylamine oxide.Crude protein content >=65% of fish meal, volatility alkali
Nitrogen >=120mg/100g, acid value >=4mgKOH/g.
Multi-vitamins are vitamin premix, and vitamin premix is the omnivorefish of Guangdong Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd.
With vitamin premix F21V；Composite mineral matter is mineral substance premix, and mineral substance premix is that Guangdong leads to the limited public affairs of prestige feed
The omnivorefish of department microelement pre-mix material F29M.
The preparation method for preparing above-described bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet, includes the following steps：
(1) various raw materials are weighed according to the ratio first；
(2) and then by various raw materials it all crushes, crosses 50 mesh screens；Separating twice crosses 120 mesh screens；
(3) raw material after sieving is mixed, in mixed process plus water, makes material moisture 25%, incorporation time
For 10min；
(4) mixed feed addition double screw extruder is squeezed out, extruding condition is：Screw speed is 250r/
The barrel temperature of min, feed end, interlude and discharge end are 86 DEG C respectively, and 120 DEG C, 130 DEG C, expanded pellet diet is made；
(5) it by expanded pellet diet, is cooled down by squeezing plasmid, then by 90 DEG C of hot-air seasonings, then through room temperature, then through outer spray
For painting technology by soybean oil even application to feed granules surface, cooling packing can be obtained bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet.
Embodiment 3
Bighead functionality expanded pellet diet, raw material composition with parts by weight be calculated as 7 parts of fish meal, 8 parts of meat meal tankage, 19 parts of dregs of beans,
17 parts of cotton dregs, 26 parts of corn protein powder, 28 parts of wheat flour, 4 parts of soybean oil, 3 parts of fish oil, 0.8 part of soyabean lecithin oil, compound food calling
5 parts of agent, 5 parts of functional additive, 0.2 part of carnitine, 0.4 part of choline chloride, 3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of composite mineral matter are multiple
Close 0.8 part of vitamin.
Wherein functional additive include 35 parts of 14 parts of vitamin C, spirulina extract in terms of parts by weight, it is prebiotic
11 parts of 17 parts of bacterium compound, 24 parts of Radix Astragali, 8 parts of honeysuckle and allicin.Composite feeding promoting agent includes the beet in terms of parts by weight
28 parts of 27 parts of alkali, 28 parts of glycine, 27 parts of taurine and trimethylamine oxide.Crude protein content >=65% of fish meal, volatile salts
Base nitrogen >=120mg/100g, acid value >=4mgKOH/g.
Multi-vitamins are vitamin premix, and vitamin premix is the omnivorefish of Guangdong Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd.
With vitamin premix F21V；Composite mineral matter is mineral substance premix, and mineral substance premix is that Guangdong leads to the limited public affairs of prestige feed
The omnivorefish of department microelement pre-mix material F29M.
The preparation method for preparing above-described bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet, includes the following steps：
(1) various raw materials are weighed according to the ratio first；
(2) and then by various raw materials it all crushes, crosses 60 mesh screens；Separating twice crosses 180 mesh screens；
(3) raw material after sieving is mixed, in mixed process plus water, makes material moisture 35%, incorporation time
For 18min；
(4) mixed feed addition double screw extruder is squeezed out, extruding condition is：Screw speed is 270r/
The barrel temperature of min, feed end, interlude and discharge end are 100 DEG C respectively, and 120 DEG C, 135 DEG C, expanded pellet diet is made；
(5) it by expanded pellet diet, cools down, then passes through outer by squeezing plasmid, then by 110 DEG C of hot-air seasonings, then through room temperature
For spraying technology by soybean oil even application to feed granules surface, cooling packing can be obtained the puffing feeding of bighead dedicated functionality
Material.
Embodiment 4
Bighead functionality expanded pellet diet, raw material composition with parts by weight be calculated as 8 parts of fish meal, 10 parts of meat meal tankage, 20 parts of dregs of beans,
20 parts of cotton dregs, 30 parts of corn protein powder, 30 parts of wheat flour, 5 parts of soybean oil, 3 parts of fish oil, 1 part of soyabean lecithin oil, composite feeding promoting agent
5 parts, 6 parts of functional additive, 0.3 part of carnitine, 0.5 part of choline chloride, 3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 2 parts of composite mineral matter is compound
1 part of vitamin.
Wherein functional additive include 40 parts of 15 parts of vitamin C, spirulina extract in terms of parts by weight, it is prebiotic
12 parts of 20 parts of bacterium compound, 25 parts of Radix Astragali, 10 parts of honeysuckle and allicin.Composite feeding promoting agent includes the beet in terms of parts by weight
30 parts of 30 parts of alkali, 30 parts of glycine, 30 parts of taurine and trimethylamine oxide.Crude protein content >=65% of fish meal, volatile salts
Base nitrogen >=120mg/100g, acid value >=4mgKOH/g.
Multi-vitamins are vitamin premix, and vitamin premix is the omnivorefish of Guangdong Tongwei Feed Co., Ltd.
With vitamin premix F21V；Composite mineral matter is mineral substance premix, and mineral substance premix is that Guangdong leads to the limited public affairs of prestige feed
The omnivorefish of department microelement pre-mix material F29M.
The preparation method for preparing above-described bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet, includes the following steps：
(1) various raw materials are weighed according to the ratio first；
(2) and then by various raw materials it all crushes, crosses 60 mesh screens；Separating twice crosses 200 mesh screens；
(3) raw material after sieving is mixed, in mixed process plus water, makes material moisture 40%, incorporation time
For 20min；
(4) mixed feed addition double screw extruder is squeezed out, extruding condition is：Screw speed is 300r/
The barrel temperature of min, feed end, interlude and discharge end are 100 DEG C respectively, and 130 DEG C, 140 DEG C, expanded pellet diet is made；
(5) it by expanded pellet diet, cools down, then passes through outer by squeezing plasmid, then by 120 DEG C of hot-air seasonings, then through room temperature
For spraying technology by soybean oil even application to feed granules surface, cooling packing can be obtained the puffing feeding of bighead dedicated functionality
Material.
Glycine, taurine, vitamin C and trimethylamine oxide used, which are purchased from Shanghai Chinese medicines group, in above example has
Limit company, probiotics are purchased from Chinese industrial Microbiological Culture Collection administrative center.
Embodiment 5
Growth experiment：Bighead is provided by the big Pu Experimental Base in Chinese aquatic science institute fresh water fishery research center.Experiment choosing
The consistent bighead of bouncing, specification is selected, individual just weighs about 250g or so.Random grouping, is equipped with dedicated functionality of the present invention
Feed group with compare business mixed feed group, every group sets 3 parallel tests, per parallel group 10 bigheads, totally 6 breeding barrels (rule
Lattice are 500L).Bighead fed two kinds of mixed feeds after 8 weeks, measure growth performance, nutritive composition in muscle and premunition shadow
It rings.
The result shows that：Compared with the control group, 3% functional additive is added in bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet,
9.82% and 12.24% has been respectively increased in grazing rate and rate of body weight gain, and feed coefficient reduces by 8.65%；With compare commercial feed group
It compares, bighead Amino Acid Contents of Muscle, fat can be improved by adding 3% functional additive in bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet
(table 1-3) such as fat acid content, hardness, dressed fish.Ingest the dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet flathead containing 3% functional additive
Fish, the survival rate in the case where Aeromonas hydrophila attacks poison is higher than the commercial feed group bighead 25.12% that ingests.
The comparison of table 1 bighead nutritive composition in muscle and dressed fish
The comparison of 2 bighead muscle texture characteristic index of table
3 bighead Amino Acid Contents of Muscle of table compares
Note：Essential amino acid；+ semi-dispensable amino acids；^. Fresh ear fields；＆. nonessential amino acid.
The molten mistake experiment of nutriment in expanded pellet diet water：The bighead functionality expanded pellet diet input that the present invention is prepared
In the water of different pH at room temperature, the dissolve-loss ratio of nutrient after twenty minutes is tested, as a result such as following table：
Dissolve-loss ratio in water is carried out to the bighead functionality expanded pellet diet that the present invention is prepared to measure, and is determined respectively compound
The molten mistake situation of vitamin, calcium constituent, functional additive and composite mineral matter, it can be seen that each component that the present invention uses
The bighead functionality expanded pellet diet nutrient dissolve-loss ratio being prepared is low, can be maintained for a long time in the water of different pH
Stability, to better assure that nutrient utilization rate that bighead feeds.
The present invention is squeezed out by the way of twin-screw extrusion, by each component by high temperature, and expanded pellet diet is obtained, by by water
Soluble component, by high temperature compound extruded, forms stable grain structure, not only " has been passivated " nutrition with water insoluble component
Ingredient, makes it easier to storage and more effectively feeds, while saving each nutritional ingredient to greatest extent so that is not easy to analyse in water
Go out, ensure that the stability of nutritional ingredient, meets the nutritional ingredient during bighead feeds and be preferably ingested.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bighead functionality expanded pellet diet, which is characterized in that in terms of parts by weight, raw material composition include 5~8 parts of fish meal,
It is 5~10 parts of meat meal tankage, 10~20 parts of dregs of beans, 10~20 parts of cotton dregs, 20~30 parts of corn protein powder, 20~30 parts of wheat flour, big
2~5 parts of soya-bean oil, 1~3 part of fish oil, 0.5~1 part of soyabean lecithin oil, 3~5 parts of composite feeding promoting agent, 2~6 parts of functional additive,
0.1~0.3 part of carnitine, 0.1~0.5 part of choline chloride, 2-3 parts of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 1~2 part of composite mineral matter, multi-vitamins
0.5~1 part.
2. according to the bighead functionality expanded pellet diet described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the functional additive packet
Include 10~20 parts of 20~40 parts of 10~15 parts of vitamin C, spirulina extract, probiotics compound, the Huang in terms of parts by weight
8~12 parts of 20~25 parts of stilbene, 5~10 parts of honeysuckle and allicin.
3. bighead functionality expanded pellet diet according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the preparation of the spirulina extract
Method is：Spirulina is freeze-dried, algae powder is crushed to obtain, by algae powder and the ethanol solution of mass concentration 90% according to 1g:10ml's
Solid-liquid ratio is uniformly mixed, and maintains the temperature at 60-70 DEG C, and extracting solution, filtering and impurity removing, filtrate are extracted 2-4 hours to obtain under stirring condition
The 10-20% of vacuum-concentrcted to original volume obtains concentrate, and spirulina extract is obtained after concentrate spray drying.
4. bighead functionality expanded pellet diet according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the probiotics compound includes
Bacillus subtilis, specification are 50~500 × 109CFU/g；Lactobacterium acidophilus, specification are 1~20 × 109CFU/g；Lichens
Bacillus 20~200 × 109CFU/g。
5. bighead functionality expanded pellet diet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the composite feeding promoting agent includes with weight
Measure 20~30 parts of 20~30 parts of 20~30 parts of glycine betaine, glycine, the taurine and trimethylamine oxide 20~30 of number meter
Part.
6. bighead functionality expanded pellet diet according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the crude protein content of the fish meal >=
65%, Volatile Base Nitrogen >=120mg/100g, acid value >=4mgKOH/g.
7. bighead functionality expanded pellet diet according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the multi-vitamins are
Vitamin premix, the vitamin premix are omnivorefish vitamin premix F21V.
8. bighead functionality expanded pellet diet according to claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that the composite mineral matter is
Mineral substance premix, the mineral substance premix are omnivorefish microelement pre-mix material F29M.
9. a kind of method preparing bighead dedicated functionality expanded pellet diet as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, feature exist
In including the following steps：
（1）Weigh various raw materials according to the ratio first；
（2）Then various raw materials are all crushed, crosses 40-60 mesh screens；Separating twice crosses 100-200 mesh screens；
（3）Raw material after sieving is mixed, water is added in mixed process, makes material moisture in 20-40%, incorporation time is
5-20min ；
（4）Mixed feed addition double screw extruder is squeezed out, extruding condition is：Screw speed is 200-300r/
The barrel temperature of min, feed end, interlude and discharge end are 80-100 DEG C respectively, 100-130 DEG C, 120-140 DEG C, are made
Expanded pellet diet；
（5）It by expanded pellet diet, pelletizes, then cooled down by 80~120 DEG C of hot-air seasonings, then through room temperature, then passes through outer by squeezing
For spraying technology by soybean oil even application to feed granules surface, cooling packing can be obtained the puffing feeding of bighead dedicated functionality
Material.
10. preparation method according to claim 9, which is characterized in that step（3）In, water is added in mixed process, makes material
For water content in 20-30%, incorporation time is 10 ~ 20min.
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| CN110214858A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2019-09-10 | 深圳市澳华集团股份有限公司 | Megalobrama amblycephala anti-stress expanded pellet diet and preparation method thereof |
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| CN111000036A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-14 | 福建天马科技集团股份有限公司 | Puffed pellet feed for rapid growth of east star spots and preparation method and equipment thereof |
| CN112401089A (en) * | 2020-12-12 | 2021-02-26 | 佛山播恩生物科技有限公司 | Novel feed capable of improving bighead carp breeding density and preparation method thereof |
| CN112970973A (en) * | 2021-03-15 | 2021-06-18 | 四川通威饲料有限公司 | Puffed feed for high-density culture mode of spotted silver carps and preparation method of puffed feed |
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Application publication date: 20181002 |